Two poly(acrylic acid-b-acrylamide) copolymers, and a poly(acrylic acid) homopolymer were synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization and tested for nickel removal from aqueous media. RAFT was used for better interchain composition homogeneity and to facilitate the synthesis of the block copolymers. Liquid-phase polymer-based retention (LPR) was used to compare the nickel binding capacity. Uptake tests were carried out at pH 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0. Nickel adsorption isotherms in the range of 1 to 7 mmol L−1 were achieved and the Langmuir adsorption model was applied. Maximum binding capacity (Qm) of Ni2+ at 298 K depended on the composition of the copolymers and pH. The polyacid block (PAA) was the major structural feature responsible for high values of nickel binding. All materials presented better uptake at higher pH, probably due to polyacid deprotonation and the increase in the electrostatic interactions. Up to approximately 100 mg of nickel per gram of homopolymer could be retained at pH = 5.0. Even though the presence of a poly(acrylamide) block decreases the binding capacity compared to PAA, that block has a specific contribution to nickel binding and can also provide better features to the material as better solubilization, and others. polyacrylic poly acrylic acidbacrylamide acid b acrylamide acid-b-acrylamide additionfragmentation addition fragmentation (RAFT media Liquidphase Liquid phase polymerbased polymer based LPR (LPR 30 3 0 3.0 40 4 4.0 50 5 5.0 L1 L L− applied Qm (Qm Ni2 Ni 29 PAA (PAA interactions 10 polyacrylamide poly(acrylamide solubilization others 3. 4. 5. 2

Isoquinoline alkaloids, especially from the Annonaceae family, have shown biological potential against parasites. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the potential of the alkaloid fractions of the plant Fusaea longifolia against Plasmodium falciparum and annotate the compounds present in these samples. The tentative characterization of the alkaloids from the leaves and branches of F. longifolia was performed using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and molecular networks. Through manual interpretation of the MS/MS spectra, 18 alkaloids were dereplicated from F. longifolia, 17 of which were reported for the first time in this species. An unpublished putative glycosylated alkaloid was annotated by interpreting the fragmentation data profile. Regarding biological activity, the fractions studied showed high activity against P. falciparum with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 2.42 and 1.60 μg mL-1 for branches and from the leaves, respectively, both similar to the reference standard quinine (IC50 of 1.24 μg mL-1). The structures of the 17 alkaloids were subjected to in silico analysis using molecular docking against four enzymes related to anti-Plasmodium activity (wild type (dm-PfDHFR) and mutant type (qm-PfDHFR), dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (PfDHODH) and purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PfPNP)). Molecular docking revealed strong interactions, especially between oxoxylopine 17 and hydroxycassythicine N-oxide 10, which may be potential new sources against P. falciparum. family parasites Thus samples F LCMS/MS LCMSMS LC MS (LC-MS/MS networks MSMS spectra 1 species profile P halfmaximal half maximal IC50 IC 242 2 42 2.4 160 60 1.6 mL1 mL mL- respectively (IC5 124 24 1.2 mL1. . mL-1) antiPlasmodium anti wild dmPfDHFR dm PfDHFR (dm-PfDHFR qmPfDHFR, qmPfDHFR qm , (qm-PfDHFR) PfDHODH (PfDHODH PfPNP. PfPNP (PfPNP)) interactions Noxide N oxide 10 LCMS IC5 4 2. 16 6 1. (IC 12 (qm-PfDHFR (PfPNP) (PfPNP

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the physicochemical and adsorptive characterization of Fe tailing collected in the district of Brumadinho; and verify its effect on Raphanus sativus germination. The material was collected on the surface layer (0-20 cm) and disintegrated for pH, redox potential – Eh, electrical conductivity – EC, OM, cation exchange capacity – CEC, specific surface area – SSA and functional groups characterization. Adsorption studies were conducted using methylene blue (MB). The results of the adsorption studies were analyzed using kinetic models (Elovich, pseudo-first order – PFO and pseudo-second order – PSO) and isotherm models (Freundlich, Langmuir and Sips). The tailing has an acidic pH (5.60), negative ΔpH (-0.30) and low CEC (1.85 cmolc g-1). A high MB adsorption efficiency (96%) was verified. The Elovich model (0.9248<R2<0.9858) best represented the chemical kinetics, and the Freundlich model best describes the MB adsorption process in the tailing (R2 = 0.9609). The maximum adsorption capacity (qm) was equal to 15.08 mg g-1. The presence of Fe tailing positively influenced the germination of R. sativus seeds (73.8%), but stem and root growth were inferior when compared to seedlings cultivated in compost substrate. It is concluded that the material has favorable cationic adsorption capacity, which can benefit soil fertilization. However, R. sativus development was minor in Fe tailing substrate, probably due to low CEC, OM and nutrient availability. Brumadinho 020 0 20 (0-2 cm Eh EC MB. . (MB) Elovich, (Elovich pseudofirst pseudo first pseudosecond second PSO Freundlich, (Freundlich Sips. Sips Sips) 5.60, 560 5.60 , 5 60 (5.60) 0.30 030 30 (-0.30 1.85 185 1 85 (1.8 g1. g1 g g-1) 96% 96 (96% verified 0.9248<R2<0.9858 09248R209858 R 9248 R2 9858 (0.9248<R2<0.9858 kinetics (R 0.9609. 09609 0.9609 9609 0.9609) qm (qm 1508 15 08 15.0 1. g-1 73.8%, 738 73.8% 73 8 (73.8%) substrate fertilization However availability 02 2 (0- (MB 56 5.6 6 (5.60 0.3 03 3 (-0.3 1.8 18 (1. 9 (96 0.9248<R2<0.985 09248R20985 924 985 (0.9248<R2<0.985 0960 0.960 960 150 15. g- 73.8 7 (73.8% (0 5. (5.6 0. (-0. (1 (9 0.9248<R2<0.98 09248R2098 92 98 (0.9248<R2<0.98 096 0.96 73. (73.8 ( (5. (-0 0.9248<R2<0.9 09248R209 (0.9248<R2<0.9 09 0.9 (73. (5 (- 0.9248<R2<0. 09248R20 (0.9248<R2<0. (73 0.9248<R2<0 09248R2 (0.9248<R2<0 (7 0.9248<R2< 09248R (0.9248<R2< 0.9248<R2 (0.9248<R2 0.9248<R (0.9248<R

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a caracterização físico-química e adsortiva do rejeito de Fe coletado no distrito de Brumadinho; e verificar seu efeito na germinação de Raphanus sativus. O material foi coletado na camada superficial (0–20 cm) e desintegrado para determinação de pH, potencial redox (Eh), condutividade elétrica (EC), matéria orgânica (MO), capacidade de troca catiônica (CEC), área superficial específica (SSA) e de grupos funcionais. Estudos de adsorção foram conduzidos utilizando azul de metileno (MB). Os resultados dos estudos de adsorção foram analisados utilizando modelos cinéticos (Elovich, pseudoprimeira ordem – PFO e pseudossegunda ordem – PSO) e modelos isotérmicos (Freundlich, Langmuir e Sips). O rejeito apresenta pH ácido (5,60), ΔpH negativo (-0,30) e baixa CEC (1,85 cmolc g-1). Foi verificada alta eficiência de adsorção de MB (96%). O modelo de Elovich (0,9248 < R2 < 0,9858) representou melhor a cinética química e o modelo de Freundlich descreveu melhor o processo de adsorção de MB no rejeito (R2 = 0,9609). A capacidade máxima de adsorção (qm) foi igual a 15,08 mg g-1. A presença de rejeito de Fe influenciou positivamente a germinação de sementes de R. sativus (73,8%), mas o crescimento do caule e da raiz foi inferior quando comparado às mudas cultivadas em substrato composto. Conclui-se que o material tem capacidade de adsorção catiônica favorável, o que pode beneficiar a fertilização do solo. No entanto, o desenvolvimento de R. sativus foi menor no substrato de rejeito de Fe, provavelmente devido à baixa CTC, MO e disponibilidade de nutrientes. físicoquímica físico Brumadinho 0–20 020 0 20 (0–2 cm Eh, Eh , (Eh) EC, EC (EC) MO, (MO) CEC, (CEC) SSA (SSA funcionais MB. . (MB) Elovich, (Elovich PSO Freundlich, (Freundlich Sips. Sips Sips) 5,60, 560 5,60 5 60 (5,60) 0,30 030 30 (-0,30 1,85 185 1 85 (1,8 g1. g1 g g-1) 96%. 96 96% (96%) 0,9248 09248 9248 (0,924 R 0,9858 09858 9858 (R 0,9609. 09609 0,9609 9609 0,9609) qm (qm 1508 15 08 15,0 1. g-1 73,8%, 738 73,8% 73 8 (73,8%) composto Concluise Conclui se favorável solo entanto CTC nutrientes 0–2 02 2 (0– (Eh (EC (MO (CEC (MB 56 5,6 6 (5,60 0,3 03 3 (-0,3 1,8 18 (1, 9 (96% 0,924 0924 924 (0,92 0,985 0985 985 0960 0,960 960 150 15, g- 73,8 7 (73,8% 0– (0 5, (5,6 0, (-0, 1, (1 (96 0,92 092 92 (0,9 0,98 098 98 096 0,96 73, (73,8 ( (5, (-0 (9 0,9 09 (0, (73, (5 (- (73 (7

The continuous global production of polyurethane (PU) and its environmental persistence generate negative impacts on ecosystems, driving the search for sustainable handling solutions, specifically the use of enzymes. Therefore, this study seeks to elucidate the understanding of the enzymatic degradation mechanism of polyurethanase esterases A and B (PueA and PueB) applied to PU-MDI (methylene diphenyl diisocyanate). In this sense, previously built structures were used and dockings were carried out for the PueA and PueB complexes. The results indicate binding scores of -10.743 and -9.587 kcal mol-1 for PueA and PueB, respectively. Furthermore, the complexes were then subjected to molecular dynamics simulations (MD) for 500 ns in triplicate, showing a good interaction between the enzymes and the PU-MDI. Finally, a QM/MM (quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics) simulation, starting with an adequate snapshot from classical MD was carried out, and a relaxed scan was performed to obtain the occurrence coordinates, followed by umbrella sampling to obtain the free energy profile of the systems. The results indicate that the PueA and PueB reaction mechanisms occur in two steps, with determining energy barriers of 11.95 and 15.10 kcal mol-1, respectively, indicating that these enzymes may be used to degrade PU. PU (PU ecosystems solutions Therefore PUMDI MDI methylene diisocyanate. diisocyanate . diisocyanate) sense 10.743 10743 10 743 -10.74 9.587 9587 9 587 -9.58 mol1 mol 1 mol- respectively Furthermore (MD 50 triplicate PUMDI. MDI. Finally QMMM QM MM quantum mechanicsmolecular mechanics simulation coordinates systems steps 1195 11 95 11.9 1510 15 15.1 mol1, 1, 10.74 1074 74 -10.7 9.58 958 58 -9.5 5 119 11. 151 15. 10.7 107 7 -10. 9.5 -9. 10. -10 9. -9 -1 -

ORIENTATION: It is widely acknowledged that career development needs to be viewed as a critical element by organisations to capacitate employees and contribute to organisational success. The role of career development in capacitating leaders to ensure effective quality management (QM) of training is not well known. RESEARCH PURPOSE: This research aimed to investigate officers in corps training units' perceptions regarding the role of career development in managing the quality of training in the South African (SA) Army. MOTIVATION FOR THE STUDY: Limited research exists concerning the career development of leaders responsible for the QM of training internationally and nationally. This study intended to fill the gap.. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHOD: Qualitative focus group interviews were conducted using a sample comprising 49 officers at six SA Army corps training units. MAIN FINDINGS: The appointment of unqualified and incompetent leaders in critical positions, lack of continuity in the staffing of personnel, the appointment of incompetent personnel in training positions and the lack of mentors and opportunities for mentoring of officers adversely affected the QM of training in the SA Army. PRACTICAL/MANAGERIAL IMPLICATIONS: There is a need for leaders in the SA Army to ensure that career development strategies are adequately planned and managed in the training context. This will ensure that leaders with adequate potential are appointed and developed to guarantee high-quality training. CONTRIBUTION/VALUE-ADD: This research provided an empirical description of the role that career development plays in the organisational system to ensure adequate QM of training.

RESUMEN La Genisteína (5,7,4′-trihidroxiisoflavona) es una isoflavona abundante en la soya y otras legumbres y actúa como modulador selectivo del receptor de estrógenos. Al probar capacidades similares entre otros flavonoides, se encontró que es un fuerte inhibidor de la topoisomerasa. Al igual que algunos medicamentos de quimioterapia, es muy tóxico para células sanas. Se evaluó la adsorción de genisteína en la superficie de grafeno exclusivo y grafeno dopado con Ni, Ti, Cr y Se mediante la teoría funcional de la densidad. Inicialmente, variamos la posición de genisteína de la superficie del grafeno prístino y decorado cambiando las distancias entre (1-5 Å) y obtuvimos el Ead y Egap. El cálculo indicó que las energías de adsorción (Ead) de genisteína prístina a grafeno con grafeno decorado con Ni, grafeno decorado con Ti y grafeno decorado con Cr y grafeno decorado con Se son: 954.984, 318.168, 797.480, 946.725, 958.154 kcal / mole, y los valores calculados de la energía de adsorción en la distancia de equilibrio (de=3.918OA.) Los datos revelan que el grafeno decorado con genisteína-Ni es la posición más favorable energéticamente. Adicionalmente, explicamos la densidad de estados (Doss) y los orbitales moleculares de frontera HOMO y LUMO para el grafeno decorado con Ni y los complejos con genisteína; se confirmó que podría lograrse una carga positiva de grafeno decorado con Ni para moléculas de nucleófilos.

ABSTRACT Genistein (5,7,4′-trihydroxyisoflavone) is an isoflavone abundantly found in soy and other legumes and acts as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). When testing for similar abilities among other flavonoids, it has been found to be a strong topoisomerase inhibitor. Similar to some high-dose chemotherapy drugs, it was strongly toxic to normal cells. In this study, the adsorption of genistein on the surface of exclusive graphene and Ni, Ti, Cr, and Se-doped graphene was theoretically evaluated by means of density functional theory calculation. Initially, we varied the position of genistein from the surface of pristine and decorated graphene by changing the distances between (1-5 Å) and gained the Ead and Egap for each situation. Our calculation indicated that adsorption energies (Ead) of pristine genistein to graphene with Ni decorated graphene, Ti-decorated graphene, and Cr-decorated graphene and Se-decorated graphene are: 954.984, 318.168, 797.480, 946.725, 958.154 kcal/mole, respectively, and the calculated values of adsorption energy in the equilibrium distance (de=3.918OA.) of genistein to Ni-decorated graphene reveal that apparently genistein- Ni-decorated graphene as the most energetically favorable position was correctly selected in comparison with other atom-decorated graphene. In consequence, we explain the density of states (Doss) and frontier molecular orbitals HOMO and LUMO for Ni-decorated graphene and complexes with genistein; therefore, data confirmed that a positive charge of Ni-decorated graphene for nucleophile molecules could be achieved.

Neste trabalho investigou-se como tem sido o processo de formação de professores de física na área de mecânica quântica (MQ) no Brasil. Para tanto, analisaram-se documentos que guiam os processos formativos no país, tais como as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCN) e fontes bibliográficas que abordam o tema. Após análise desses documentos, foi apresentada uma Matriz de Referência (MR) a fim de tornar-se um instrumento de apoio ao professor na condução do ensino de MQ. Acredita-se ser possível articular propostas curriculares/cursos de MQ com o enfoque na história e filosofia da ciência que explicitem os conteúdos por meio de uma contextualização diretamente relacionada com o desenvolvimento e avanço da teoria quântica levando os estudantes a refletir sobre como ensiná-la em sua futura prática docente. Feita uma ponte com as componentes curriculares presentes nos cursos de licenciatura em física das instituições do país na área de MQ, concluímos que as relações entre a MQ, licenciatura em física e o processo formativo permeiam, majoritariamente, os conteúdos da velha teoria quântica. No entanto, para uma formação mais eficaz nessa área, sugerem-se que os componentes curriculares se aproximem da MQ moderna de modo contextualizado. A MR representa uma possibilidade de vislumbrar caminhos para a necessária mudança.

This work investigated how the process of training physics teachers in the area of quantum mechanics (QM) in Brazil has been. To this end, documents that guide the educational processes in the country were analyzed, such as the National Curriculum Guidelines (NCG) and bibliographic sources that address the theme. After analyzing these documents, a Reference Matrix (RM) was presented in order to become an instrument to support the teacher in conducting the teaching of QM. It is believed that it is possible to articulate curricular proposals/courses of QM with the focus on the history and philosophy of science that explain the contents through a contextualization directly related to the development and advancement of quantum theory leading students to reflect on how to teach was his future teaching practice. Having made a bridge with the curricular components present in the undergraduate courses in physics of the institutions of the country in the area of QM, we conclude that the relations between the QM, degree in physics and the training process permeate, mostly the contents of the old quantum theory. However, for a more effective training in this area, it is suggested that the curricular components approach the modern QM in a contextualized way. The RM represents a possibility to glimpse paths to the necessary change.

A visão indeterminista inspirada pela Escola de Copenhague – proposta, em 1927, pelo físico dinamarquês Niels Bohr e que articula o princípio da incerteza de Werner Heisenberg e a equação de onda de Erwin Schrödinger – tornou-se a interpretação hegemônica da Mecânica Quântica (MQ). Albert Einstein adotou uma visão bastante crítica em relação a este modo de descrever os processos atinentes à intimidade da matéria, considerando a MQ uma teoria incompleta. Louis De Broglie, já em 1927, propõe uma concepção alternativa – interpretação da onda piloto –, na qual se considera a MQ uma teoria determinística. Vinte e cinco anos depois, David Bohm desenvolve, na mesma lógica, a Teoria do Potencial Quântico, não-relativística, cujas ideias de destaque incluem as variáveis ocultas e a não localidade. Com base nessas breves considerações, o presente artigo tem por objetivo (1) apresentar os aspectos essenciais da Interpretação de Copenhague da MQ, (2) criticar tal perspectiva do ponto de vista do paradoxo EPR (Einstein, Podolsky e Rosen) e do “Gato de Schrödinger” e (3) analisar a abordagem matemática e as consequências filosóficas da MQ de David Bohm (MQ-B).

The indeterministic view advocated by the Copenhagen School – proposed in 1927 by danish physicist Niels Bohr and which articulates Werner Heisenberg’s principle of uncertainty and Erwin Schrödinger’s wave equation – has become the hegemonic interpretation of quantum mechanics (MQ). Albert Einstein adopted a very critical view of this way of conceiving the processes related to the intimacy of matter, considering MQ an incomplete theory. Louis De Broglie, in 1927, proposes an alternative conception – interpretation of the pilot wave – in which MQ is considered a deterministic theory. Twenty-five years later, David Bohm develops, in the same logic, the Quantum Potential Theory, non-relativistic, whose prominent ideas include the hidden variables and the non-locality. Based on these brief considerations, this article aims to (1) present the essential aspects of the Copenhagen Interpretation of the MQ, (2) to criticize this perspective from the point of view of the EPR paradox (Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen) and the “Schrödinger’s cat” and (3) to analyze the mathematical approach and the philosophical consequences of David Bohm’s QM (MQ-B).

RESUMO: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficácia da antibioticoterapia associada à vacinação sobre a taxa de cura microbiológica de mastite subclínica causada por Staphylococcus aureus em vacas leiteiras em lactação. Foram selecionados 5 rebanhos, dos quais 72 vacas (120 quartos mamários, QM) foram diagnosticadas com mastite subclínica por S. aureus e foram alocadas aleatoriamente em um de três grupos de tratamento: a) Controle (sem tratamento); b) ATB (antibioticoterapia); e c) ATB+VAC (antibioticoterapia mais vacinação contra S. aureus). O tratamento intramamário consistiu em infusão de ampicilina 75 mg + cloxacilina 200 mg duas vezes ao dia, durante 5 dias. O tratamento parenteral foi feito por injeção de uma dose única (7,5 mg/kg) de enrofloxacina, no primeiro dia do protocolo de tratamento. As vacas vacinadas receberam três doses de uma vacina comercial, 14 dias antes do tratamento (d-14), no primeiro dia do protocolo de tratamento (d1) e 14 dias após o protocolo de tratamento (d+14). A taxa de cura das vacas não tratadas foi menor (0,06) do que das vacas tratadas com ATB (0,84) e ATB+VAC (0,85). Não foi observada diferença de taxa de cura entre vacas tratadas com ATB e ATB+VAC. Por outro lado, as vacas vacinadas apresentaram menor a contagem de células somáticas (CCS) após 28 dias de tratamento (4,76 log10) do que em vacas não tratadas (5,37 log10). Em conclusão, o tratamento com ampicilina e cloxacilina intramamária, associados à enrofloxacina intramuscular, apresentou alta taxa de cura para MSC causada por S. aureus durante a lactação. A utilização da vacinação contra S. aureus associada à antibioticoterapia não aumentou a taxa de cura dos QM durante a lactação, mas foi eficaz na redução do CCS quando comparada à QM não tratados. Entretanto, para ter certeza que a diminuição da CCS no grupo ATB+VAC estivesse associada à vacinação, o estudo deveria ter incluído um grupo adicional de apenas vacas vacinadas, sem terapia antimicrobiana, o que não foi feito no presente estudo e, portanto, é um das limitações do protocolo experimental utilizado.

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the antibiotic therapy associated with vaccination on the microbiological cure rate of subclinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus in lactating dairy cows. A total of five herds, from which 72 cows (120 mammary quarters - MQ) were diagnosed with S. aureus subclinical mastitis, were included in this study. Cows were randomly allocated to one of three treatment groups: a) Control (no treatment); b) ATB (antibiotic therapy); and c) ATB+VAC (antibiotic therapy plus vaccination against S. aureus). Intramammary treatment consisted of twice-daily infusion of ampicillin 75mg + cloxacillin 200mg, for 5 days. Parenteral treatment was done by injection of a single dose (7.5mg/kg) of enrofloxacin, on the first day of the treatment protocol. Vaccinated cows received three doses of a commercial vaccine 14 days before treatment (d-14), on the first day of treatment protocol (d1), and 14 days after the treatment protocol (d+14). Non-treated cows had a lower cure rate (0.06) than cows treated with ATB (0.84) and ATB+VAC (0.85). No difference in cure rate was observed between cows treated with ATB and ATB+VAC. On the other hand, vaccinated cows had lower somatic cell count (SCC) after 28 days of the treatment protocols (4.76 log10) than non-treated cows (5.37 log10). In conclusion, treatment with intramammary ampicillin and cloxacillin, associated with intramuscular enrofloxacin presented a high cure rate for SCM caused by S. aureus during lactation. The use of vaccination against S. aureus in association with antibiotic therapy did not increase the cure rate of MQ during lactation, but it was effective in reducing the SCC when compared to non-treated MQ. Although to ensure that the decrease of the SCC in ATB+VAC group was associated with the vaccination, the study should have included an additional group of only vaccinated cows, without antimicrobial therapy, with was not done in the present study, and therefore is one of the limitations of the experimental protocol used.

Abstract The partition of the gross energy intake (GEi) by heifers, the energy density, metabolicity of the diet (qm), and the Ym factor were estimated, by the open circuit respiration chamber technique. Four heifers of 206 ± 39.7 kg of live weight and 12 ± 0.93 months of age were used in a completely randomized design. The heifers were randomly assigned to two diets: Diet A consisted of 74% corn silage + 26% commercial concentrate and diet B 100% corn silage. A t-test was used for analysis of results. Dry matter intake (DMI), digestibility of the DM, Ym factor and methane yield (CH4 g kg−1 DMI) for both diets were different (P < 0.05). In the present study we were able to estimate the partitioning of the GE consumed by the experimental animals; as well as the energy density, the Ym and qm factors of the diet.

Resumen Se estimó la partición de la energía bruta consumida (EBi) por novillonas, la densidad energética y metabolicidad de la dieta (qm), y el factor de partición de la energía hacia metano (Ym), por la técnica de cámaras de respiración de circuito abierto. Se utilizaron cuatro novillonas de 206 ± 39.7 kg de peso vivo y 12 ± 0.93 meses de edad; distribuidas en un diseño completamente al azar y dos dietas: dieta A con 74% de ensilado de maíz + 26% de concentrado y dieta B con 100% de ensilado de maíz. Se utilizó una prueba de t para el análisis de resultados. El consumo de materia seca (CMS), digestibilidad, factor Ym y el rendimiento de metano g kg−1 de CMS, para ambas dietas fue diferente (P < 0.05). Se logró estimar la partición de la EBi, la densidad energética y los factores Ym y qm de la dieta.

Resumo Nessa pesquisa, estudam-se as questões presentes no Exame Nacional de Avaliação do Desempenho do Estudante (ENADE), no contexto específico da licenciatura em Física, que contemplem tópicos da Mecânica Quântica (MQ), à luz dos fundamentos da Taxonomia de Bloom Revisada (TBR). A TBR nos permite classificar o aprendizado requerido em uma questão na dimensão do conhecimento (efetivo/factual, conceitual, procedimental/procedural e metacognitivo) e dos processos cognitivos (lembrar, entender, aplicar, analisar, avaliar e criar) mobilizados em sua resolução, materializados em uma tabela bidimensional. Os resultados apontaram uma prevalência de questões classificadas nos níveis mais baixos do domínio cognitivo da TBR (lembrar e entender) e uma quase ausência de questões nos níveis mais elevados. Em termos de conteúdos, foram contemplados predominantemente tópicos concernentes à velha MQ, em detrimento da MQ propriamente dita, e que as questões selecionadas e analisadas do ENADE revelam que os discentes não têm avançado na compreensão dos conceitos quânticos. Tais resultados corroboram a necessidade de estudos e propostas que oportunizem futuras adequações no ensino da MQ nos cursos de formação de professores de Física, tendo em conta o que se espera do perfil do futuro professor.

Abstract In this research, we study the National Examination of Student Performance (ENADE, in Portuguese), considering the Revised Bloom's Taxonomy (RBT), in the context of Quantum Mechanics (QM) in an undergraduate Physics course. This taxonomy allows us to classify the required learning in a question considering the dimension of knowledge (effective/factual, conceptual, procedural and metacognitive) and the cognitive processes (remember, understand, apply, analyze, evaluate and create) mobilized in its resolution. The results show a prevalence of questions classified in the lower levels of the cognitive domain of the RBT (remember and understand) and a near absence of questions in the higher levels. Moreover, our analysis reveals that students did not understand quantum concepts. These results corroborate the need for studies and proposals that allow future adjustments in the teaching of QM in physics teacher training courses, taking into account what is expected of the future teacher profile.

RESUMO A queixa de memória (QM) é comum em idosos e pode ser confirmada por pessoas próximas a ele, como familiares e cuidadores. Estudos apontam associação entre QM e alterações cognitivas e, nesse sentido, a vulnerabilidade física poderia exacerbá-la. Porém, a relação entre QM e vulnerabilidade física ainda não está clara na literatura. Objetivo: investigar a relação entre QM, alterações cognitivas e vulnerabilidade física. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo transversal. Foram avaliados 100 idosos com idade igual ou superior a 65 anos. Utilizou-se a Escala de Queixa de Memória (EQM), Exame Cognitivo de Addenbrooke - Revisado (ACE-R), Mini Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM), Vulnerable Elders Survey-13 (VES-13), Escala de Depressão Geriátrica e questionário sociodemográfico. Resultados: os participantes foram divididos em dois grupos de acordo com os resultados da EQM formas A (idoso) e B (informante). Encontrou-se correlação entre a EQM-A e MEEM (p=.045/ρ=.201), ACE-R Atenção e Orientação (p=.026/ρ=.223) e ACE-R/Visual-Espacial (p=.048/ρ=.199). Na EQM-B encontrou-se correlação entre pontuação total do ACE-R (p=.044/ρ=-.202) e ACE-R/Visual-Espacial. (p=.003/ρ=-.291). Conclusão: o relato de QM a partir do informante aponta a necessidade de avaliação mais aprofundada da cognição dos idosos. Assim, para a prática clínica, o rastreio de QM do informante é aconselhado.

ABSTRACT Memory complaint (MC) is common in older adults and can be confirmed by people close to them, such as family members and caregivers. Studies show an association between MC and cognitive impairment and, hence, physical vulnerability may exacerbate MC. However, the relationship between MC and physical vulnerability is not yet clear in the literature.\ Objective: to investigate the association between MC, cognitive impairment, and physical vulnerability. Methods: this is a cross-sectional study. We evaluated 100 older adults with a mean age of 65 years or over. The Memory Complaint Scale (MCS), Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Vulnerable Elderly Research-13 (VES-13), Geriatric Depression Scale and a sociodemographic questionnaire were applied. Results: participants were divided into two groups according to results on the MCS-A (elderly) and MCS-B (informant). Correlations were found between the MCS-A and the MMSE (p=.045/ρ=.201), ACE-R/Visual-Spatial (p=.048/ρ=.199), and ACE-R/Attention-Orientation (p=.026/ρ=.223). For the MCS-B, correlations were found with total score on the ACE-R (p=.044/ρ=-.202) and the ACE-R/Visual-Spatial (p=0.003/ρ=-.291). Conclusion: MC reported by the informant indicate the need to assess, in more depth, the cognition of the older adult. Thus, for clinical practice, screening of MC through an informant is advised.

Abstract The immunostimulation capacity of most vaccines is enhanced through antigen adsorption on aluminum adjuvants. The changes in adsorption conditions (pH, adsorption time), could change the amount of antigen adsorbed and therefore the ability to stimulate the immune system. The Finlay Institute of Vaccine researches a new vaccine candidate based on outer membrane vesicle from Salmonella Paratyphi A (OMV-SPA). The study aim was to determine adsorption condition of OMV-SPA with two aluminium adjuvants (Al(OH)3 and AlPO4). OMV-SPA was adsorbed in both adjuvants under differences conditions of pH and time. Parameters as adsorptive capacity (qm) and adsorption coefficient (Kd) were determined by construction of Langmuir Isotherm. The lot of OMV-SPA used is composed by population of nanostructure with a particle size between 60 and 100 nm. Adsorption of OMV-SPA in both adjuvants showed values ≥95% in neutral pH (6.5-7.0). OMV-SPA with AlPO4 got equilibrium state in less time (99% from 30 min) compared with Al(OH)3 (95% from 3 h). Isotherms from both adjuvants described Langmuir model (R2≥0.99), with qm and Kd values very different between adsorption systems. As conclusion, the study showed that OMV-SPA was adsorbed satisfactorily in both aluminium adjuvants, process in which are involved different adsorption mechanism.

RESUMEN La capacidad inmunoestimuladora de la mayoría de las vacunas es potenciada mediante la adsorción en adyuvantes que contienen aluminio. Variando las condiciones de adsorción (pH, tiempo de adsorción) cambia la cantidad de antígeno adsorbida y por lo tanto la capacidad de estimulación del sistema inmune. El Instituto Finlay de Vacunas investiga un nuevo candidato vacunal basado en vesículas de membrana externa de Salmonella Paratyphi A (VME-SPA). El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar las condiciones de adsorción de las VME-SPA en dos adyuvantes de sales de aluminio (Al(OH)3 y AlPO4). Para ello, las VME-SPA fueron adsorbidas en ambos adyuvantes bajo diferentes condiciones de pH y tiempo. Mediante la construcción de una Isoterma de Langmuir se determinaron parámetros como la capacidad adsortiva (qm) y el coeficiente de adsorción (Kd). El lote de VME-SPA empleado estaba formado por poblaciones de nanoestructuras con un tamaño de partículas entre 60 y 100 nm. La adsorción de las VME-SPA en ambos adyuvantes, mostró valores ≥95% a pH neutro (6,5-7,0). Las VME-SPA en presencia de AlPO4 alcanzaron el estado de equilibrio en menor tiempo (99% a partir de 30 min) en comparación con Al(OH)3 (95% a partir de 3 h). Las isotermas evaluadas para ambos adyuvantes cumplieron con el modelo de Langmuir (R2≥0,99), con valores de qm y Kd diferentes entre los sistemas de adsorción. El estudio demostró que las VME-SPA se adsorbieron satisfactoriamente en ambos geles, proceso en el que están involucrados diferentes mecanismos de adsorción.

Resumo Este trabalho compara a resposta superovulatória de éguas doadoras de embriões das raças Quarto de Milha (QM) e Crioula, utilizando um protocolo com baixa dose de extrato de pituitária equina (EPE). Oito éguas QM e seis éguas Crioulas foram acompanhadas durante 3 ciclos estrais consecutivos, sendo que cada ciclo corresponde a um grupo. Grupo Controle – monitoramento do crescimento folicular até a ovulação; Grupo EPE – monitoramento ultrassonográfico até que os folículos atingissem cerca de 20 mm de diâmetro e, posteriormente, administração de 7 mg de EPE, duas vezes ao dia, até a indução da ovulação com 2500UI de hCG; Grupo Pós-EPE – idem ao grupo controle. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância, utilizando o procedimento GLM do pacote estatístico SAS, sendo previamente testadas para normalidade dos resíduos, e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey ao nível de 5%. Nas éguas Crioulas tratadas com EPE houve um aumento no número de ovulações (p=0,0534), com média de 3,33±2,06 quando comparadas aos grupos controle e pós-EPE e às éguas da raça QM (2,00±0,53). O tratamento com EPE na dose preconizada permitiu uma melhor resposta superovulatória e produção embrionária nas éguas Crioulas, quando comparadas com as éguas Quarto de Milha.

Abstract This study compared the superovulatory response of embryos donor mares of Quarter Horse (QH) and Crioula using a protocol with low dose of equine pituitary extract (EPE). Eight QH mares and six Crioula mares were monitored during 3 consecutive estrous cycles, with each cycle corresponds to a group. Control Group - monitoring of follicle growth up to the ovulation; EPE group - when the follicles reached 20 mm in diameter were administered 7 mg EPE twice daily. When the follicles achieved a diameter 35 mm, the ovulation was induced with 2500UI hCG; Post-EPE Group - idem to the control group. Data were analyzed using GLM procedure of the SAS statistical package. The variables were submitted to the Tukey’s test and least square means adjusted for multiple comparisons using the Tukey-Kramer’s test, with significance level of 5%. Values are presented as mean ± SD. In the Crioula mares treated with EPE, there was an increase in the number of ovulations (p =0.0534) with a mean of 3.33 ± 2.06 ovulations when compared to the control and post-EPE groups, and mares QM. (2.00±0.53). Treatment with EPE in the recommended dose allowed better superovulatory response and rate of embryo recovery in Crioula mares when compared to the QM mares

Resumo: O procedimento metodológico de análise e interpretação denominado núcleos de significação (NS) foi criado com o intuito de oferecer aos pesquisadores um instrumento capaz de viabilizar o processo analítico-interpretativo, dentro dos princípios do método materialista histórico e dialético (MHD). A proposta da questão mediadora (QM) surge como elemento auxiliar no referido procedimento e é utilizada para a organização de dados produzidos em situação de grupo. Nosso objetivo é expor como a QM pode contribuir para a análise, a sistematização e a produção dos NS. Primeiramente, apresentamos a situação da pesquisa, a origem da QM e o seu arcabouço teórico-metodológico. Em seguida, expomos o movimento da QM, utilizando exemplos. Nas considerações finais, levantamos alguns questionamentos para que a comunidade acadêmica possa colaborar no aprimoramento dessa proposta. Acreditamos que a QM, como recurso analítico auxiliar, poderá ser utilizada na análise dos dados, forjados no movimento de pesquisa em grupo. Nessa direção, apontamos a relevância da QM não só como elemento auxiliador no momento de produção da análise, mas também como recurso metodológico para os próprios processos formativos, que tencionam movimentações críticas com o intuito de criar e ressaltar momentos de mobilização dos integrantes de grupos de discussão, os quais podem desenvolver e reverberar possíveis transformações da realidade de pesquisa e formação evidenciada neste artigo.

Abstract: The methodological procedure of analysis and interpretation called nuclei of meaning (NM) was developed to provide researchers with a facilitator for the analytic-interpretative process, under the principles of the historical and dialectic materialistic method. The proposal for the mediator question (MQ) arises as an auxiliary element in the said procedure, being used to organize data produced in the group situation. The aim is to explain how the MQ contributes to the analysis, systematization and production of the NM. Firstly, the research situation, its theoretical-methodological framework, and the MQ origins are presented. Then, there is an explanation on the movement of the MQ through the use of examples. Finally, in the closing remarks, some issues are subjected for the academic community’s appreciation, so they can collaborate with the improvement of this proposal. It is our understanding that the MQ, as an auxiliary analytical resource, can be employed in the data analysis elaborated in the group research movement. Thus, the MQ’s relevance is presented not only as an auxiliary resource in the analysis production, but also as a methodological resource for the formative processes themselves, intended to urge critical movements aimed to generate and highlight moments of mobilization of the participants in the discussion group, which could bring up the development and propagation of changes in the research and formation realities emphasized in this article.