This article reports on the rigour of a selection process for master's degree programmes in clinical and counselling psychology at an undisclosed university in South Africa over a six-year period (n=81). This was achieved by completing correlation and regression analyses between the six selection activities, the six course modules, and the course average in the student's M1 year. Results showed significant positive regressions between the metaphors activity, child psychopathology, and theory of psychological interventions modules, between the research task and neuropsychology, between the psychopharmacology and psychopathology modules, and between the problem-solving activity and the course average. The case study activity negatively predicted the ethics and practical work and applied and community psychology modules. The conclusion was that the selection process can be considered valid, as the skills assessed for most of the selection activities positively correlated and predicted the skills required to succeed both academically in the M1 year and as a practising psychologist. However, the case study activity required further investigation, as the skills that are purportedly assessed should correlate and positively predict the ethics and practical work module, which was not the case. Future studies should also investigate the usefulness of interviews during this process.

This article reports on the online administration of career construction counselling for a trauma survivor who sought help in resolving her career-choice ambivalence (uncertainty). The participant was purposively selected from a group of people attending a workshop on career construction counselling. An intrinsic, descriptive, exploratory intervention case study based on career construction counselling (involving administering the Career Construction Interview (CCI) to elicit the participant's micro-narratives qualitatively) was used to generate data and adapted thematic data analysis incorporating the analytic style proposed by Savickas was used to analyse the data reflexively. The intervention shed light on the participant's conscious knowledge about herself and on her subconsciously regulated views on her preferred future career choices. The findings confirmed the value of career construction counselling in promoting the participant's psychological self as an autobiographical author especially. They also underlined the importance of timely intervention for trauma survivors in pre-empting the occurrence of unmastered developmental tasks and repetition of trauma. Future research should involve diverse participants in individual as well as group contexts. Equally important is contextualising the intervention discussed here to meet the distinctive diversity needs of participants in individual and group contexts.

RESUMEN Objetivos: mapear intervenciones de enfermería que capaciten al cuidador familiar de la persona con amputación de miembro inferior para su rol. Métodos: es una revisión de alcance guiada por la metodología del Instituto Joanna Briggs, llevada a cabo en diferentes bases de datos (incluyendo literatura gris). Resultados: se tuvieron en cuenta seis estudios publicados entre 2009 y 2021, a saber: intervenciones de asesoramiento y apoyo para pacientes y familiares; intervenciones de apoyo entre iguales realizadas por un par de profesionales certificados; participación de cuidadores o familiares en grupos de apoyo e intervenciones clave para el equilibrio psicológico del paciente y del cuidador familiar. Dos estudios analizaron la importancia de la formación del cuidador y del amputado y del desarrollo de habilidades de afrontamiento. Otro estudio recomendó intervenciones de apoyo informativo para los cuidadores en relación con el cuidado del amputado y su adaptación a la vida hogareña. Conclusiones: los resultados de esta revisión permiten identificar recomendaciones/directrices para la práctica y recomendaciones/sugerencias de intervenciones según las necesidades identificadas de los cuidadores familiares de pacientes con amputación de miembros inferiores. Objetivos rol Métodos Briggs incluyendo gris. gris . gris) Resultados 200 2021 saber certificados afrontamiento hogareña Conclusiones recomendacionesdirectrices recomendaciones directrices recomendacionessugerencias sugerencias inferiores 20 202 2

ABSTRACT Objectives: to map nursing interventions that empower the Family caregiver of the person with lower limb amputation for is role. Methods: scoping review guided by Joanna Briggs Institute methodology conducted in different databases (including gray literature). Results: six studies published between 2009 and 2021 were included. Interventions of counselling and support for patients and family; peer support interventions performed by a certified pair; involvement of caregivers or family members in support groups; and key interventions for patient and family caregiver psychological balance. Two studies discussed the importance of caregiver and amputee training and development of coping skills. Another study recommended Interventions of informative support for caregivers regarding care for the amputee and adaptation to home. Conclusions: results of this review allow the identification of recommendations (guidelines) for practice and recommendations/suggestions for interventions according with identified needs of family caregivers of patients with lower limb amputation. Objectives role Methods including literature. literature . literature) Results 200 202 included pair groups balance skills home Conclusions guidelines (guidelines recommendationssuggestions suggestions 20 2

RESUMO Objetivos: mapear intervenções de enfermagem que capacitem o cuidador familiar da pessoa com amputação de membro inferior para seu papel. Métodos: revisão de escopo orientada pela metodologia do Joanna Briggs Institute realizada em diferentes bases de dados (incluindo literatura cinzenta). Resultados: foram incluídos seis estudos publicados entre 2009 e 2021. Intervenções de aconselhamento e apoio para pacientes e familiares; intervenções de apoio de pares realizadas por uma dupla certificada; envolvimento de cuidadores ou membros da família em grupos de apoio; e intervenções-chave para o equilíbrio psicológico do paciente e do cuidador familiar. Dois estudos discutiram a importância do treinamento do cuidador e do amputado e do desenvolvimento de habilidades de enfrentamento. Outro estudo recomendou intervenções de suporte informativo para os cuidadores com relação aos cuidados com o amputado e à adaptação ao lar. Conclusões: os resultados dessa revisão permitem a identificação de recomendações (diretrizes) para a prática e recomendações/sugestões para intervenções de acordo com as necessidades identificadas dos cuidadores familiares de pacientes com amputação de membros inferiores. Objetivos papel Métodos incluindo cinzenta. cinzenta . cinzenta) Resultados 200 2021 certificada intervençõeschave chave enfrentamento lar Conclusões diretrizes (diretrizes recomendaçõessugestões sugestões inferiores 20 202 2

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has placed immense pressure on healthcare workers (HCWs). OBJECTIVES: This study sought to find the prevalence and factors associated with psychological distress among HCWs in South Africa during the beginning phases of COVID-19 and make relevant recommendations. METHOD: The survey was administered online through a data-free platform. Data were benchmarked to the national population of over 500 000 healthcare professionals in South Africa. Multiple logistic regressions were used to determine association between psychological distress and potential explanatory variables. RESULTS: A total of 7607 healthcare professionals participated in the study (1760 nurses, 2843 medical practitioners and 3004 other healthcare professionals). Half of the nurses, 41% of medical practitioners and 47% of other healthcare professionals were classified as psychologically distressed. Those who were of older age, provided with well-being support services and having a positive outlook on the healthcare system were significantly less likely to be distressed. Being female medical practitioners and female other healthcare professions, requesting routine counselling, being concerned about not having enough leave and that their life insurance policy did not cover COVID-19 were more likely to be distressed. CONCLUSION: Psychological well-being of HCWs in South Africa is at risk. We recommend that psychological distress of HCWs be routinely assessed and that routine counselling, well-being support services, appropriate hazardous leave and insurance be provided to all HCWs CONTRIBUTION: This study adds to the literature on the psychological distress faced by HCWs in South Africa during COVID-19.

BACKGROUND: HIV-positive and pregnancy diagnosis is a traumatic, shocking, and distressing experience for women. Adoption of routine HIV counselling and testing in the antenatal programme aimed to increase the uptake and the early diagnosis of HIV among pregnant women to prevent maternal HIV transmission to unborn babies and neonates. OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to explore the psychological reaction of women coincidentally discovering their HIV-positive status and pregnancy while seeking medical care in primary healthcare facilities in the Tshwane district. METHOD: Descriptive phenomenology involving a semi-structured in-depth interview was used to collect data. The sample was purposively selected. Twenty-eight women participated in the research project. Face-to-face in-depth audio recorded interviews were used to gain a full understanding of the experiences and feelings of the participants. RESULTS: Reason for the uptake of pregnancy and HIV testing, reactions upon discovering HIV and pregnancy-positive status, emotions arising from the pregnancy and HIV-positive diagnosis, understanding HIV infection in pregnancy, and transitions to acceptance and coping with the HIV-positive diagnosis were themes that emerged from this study. CONCLUSION: It is crucial that responsible healthcare workers consider this psychological imbalance during their offering of antenatal and postnatal care services so that the pregnant women living with HIV can accept and cope with the situation. CONTRIBUTION: This study accounts to support other studies that offer intense counselling for women coincidentally discovering their positive HIV status and pregnancy. It is important to remedy the acceptance of the situation and to promote HIV prevention and family planning for women of childbearing age.

BACKGROUND: Nurses play a remarkable role in our healthcare system and contribute to the wellbeing of communities at large. During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, nurses faced various challenges to provide adequate patient healthcare. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to explore the identity work of public hospital nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD: The study followed a phenomenological qualitative approach with an interpretive view, employing two sampling methods: purposive and snowball sampling. The sample comprised 11 nurses from a public hospital in the Gauteng province. The data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS: The findings revealed that the nurses faced identity demands, which resulted in them experiencing identity tensions. There was also a need for recognition and support; their work served a greater purpose and was meaningful to them. The nurses used different identity work strategies, such as family support, spiritual upliftment and meaningful work to deal with the identity tensions and demands they experienced. CONCLUSION: Strategies such as counselling and wellbeing programmes should be implemented to assist nurses in dealing with the physical and psychological effects of working in the health sector during pandemics and epidemics. Hospitals and governments should create healthier working environments by conducting workshops, training and upskilling initiatives, encouraging nurses' inclusion in policymaking and implementation. CONTRIBUTION: The study provided insight into the challenges nurses encountered during the COVID-19 pandemic, how these challenges affected their nursing identity and roles, and the strategies they used to maintain their sense of self in their work.

Resúmen La pandemia COVID-19 ha redefinido severamente los sistemas de sustentación de la vida humana. Particularmente, el sistema educativo ha enfrentado la virtualización forzada de sus procesos, alarmantes problemáticas de salud mental infanto-juvenil y dificultades para proveer servicios de apoyo psicosocial. Los impactos de esta crisis han sido significativos en Latinoamérica y, especialmente, en Ecuador, pues es uno de los países con mayores problemáticas a nivel sanitario, social y educativo. En este marco, el propósito del artículo es comprender el papel de psicólogas/os escolares en los procesos de recontextualización de políticas educativas emergentes para afrontar la crisis pandémica en el sistema educativo ecuatoriano. Desde una metodología cualitativa con enfoque discursivo se reporta evidencia sobre cómo se han interpretado desafíos de gestión educativa en crisis y cómo se han traducido en prácticas en contextos específicos. Se entrevistó a 7 psicólogas/os que se desempeñaban en Departamentos de Consejería Estudiantil, dispositivo que brinda apoyo psicológico y social en escuelas ecuatorianas. Los datos se analizaron mediante las estrategias discursivas propuestas por Norman Fairclough. Los hallazgos sugieren la configuración de subjetividades heroicas, las cuales constituyen una posición que renuncia a pensar colectiva y colaborativamente las problemáticas enfrentadas. Los discursos de las psicólogas/os sugieren una construcción monstruosa del mundo socioeducativo, donde deben afrontar tareas titánicas. Además, el malestar emerge como elemento articulatorio de las relaciones con otros actores, especialmente con instancias centrales que impulsan nuevas formas de gestión escolar, pero también con familias y estudiantes, quienes son construidos deficitariamente. No obstante, las psicólogas/os construyen estrategias para vincular con los estudiantes, mientras evidencian todas sus acciones ante las instancias de control y las contragolpean cuando es posible. Estos hallazgos se discuten respecto de cómo ampliar perspectivas sobre salud mental escolar y sobre cómo la investigación cualitativa posibilita crear nuevas zonas de sentido en políticas educativas.

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has severely redefined human life support systems. In particular, the education system has faced the forced virtualization of its processes, alarming child and adolescent mental health problems, and difficulties in supplying psychosocial support services. The impacts of this crisis have been significant in Latin America and, above all, in Ecuador, as it is one of the countries with the greatest health, social, and educational problems. Within this framework, this article aims to understand school psychologists' role in policy enactment of emerging educational policies to face the pandemic crisis in the Ecuadorian educational system. From a qualitative methodology with a discursive approach, empirical evidence is reported on interpreting the challenges of educational management in crisis and translating them into practices in specific contexts. Interviews were conducted with 7 psychologists who have been working in the Student Counselling Department, a professional staff that offers psychological and social support in Ecuadorian schools. The data has been analyzed through the discursive strategies proposed by Norman Fairclough. The findings suggest the configuration of heroic subjectivities, a professional position that renounces thinking collectively and collaboratively about the problems faced. The psychologists’ discourses suggest a monstrous construction of the educational world, where they must face titanic tasks. Likewise, discomfort emerges as an articulating element of the relationships with other actors, especially with central policy actors that promote new forms of school management, but also with families and students, which are built in deficit. However, psychologists deploy strategies to create bonds with the students, while evidencing all their actions to the control instances and counterattacking them when possible. These findings are discussed with respect to how to expand perspectives on school mental health and how qualitative research can create new meaning zones in educational policy.

Violence has become a regular occurrence in the context of the South African student movement. However, to date there are no studies that investigate student wellbeing in the context of student movement violence. How are violence and wellbeing experienced in the context of the student movement? What resources do students draw upon to protect or restore their wellbeing during and in the aftermath of violence? This article discusses students' experiences of violence and wellbeing and particularly the resources that fostered their psychological wellbeing during and after experiences of violence related to the #FeesMustFall protests of 2015/16. The study used a photovoice methodology and worked with groups of former student activists from four universities in South Africa. Student psychological functioning in the midst of adverse circumstances is demonstrated in their ability to make meaning of their experiences by inventing knowledge spaces; creating spaces of inner harmony; having a sense of purpose; and protecting symbolic spaces of hope. It is also shown in their courage to challenge spaces of oppression. This study suggests that the co-production of social space for functioning occurs through an important psychological process of meaning-making that provides direction for student movement activities. Given our findings, it is recommended for student affairs and counselling services to m,./=-09864 facilitate the co-creation of spaces of knowledge and spaces of safety, spaces where students can experience being wanted and connected, and spaces where they can make sense of their experiences in the unfamiliar and potentially alienating higher education space.

The aim of the study was to explore the roles of social workers at a university of technology in KwaZulu-Natal during the COVID-19 pandemic. Through semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions, the study confirms the pivotal role of social workers in dealing with the psychological distress caused by illness, the loss of loved ones, economic insecurity and violence. While participants expressed a lack of preparedness for the significant mental health burden caused by the pandemic, existing expertise allowed them to offer counselling and support to offset the isolation and anxiety that many students were facing. Participants also noted the importance of social work involvement in educational initiatives.

Resumo Estima-se que um a cada cinco estudantes universitários ao redor do mundo apresenta algum tipo de transtorno psicológico, dentre os quais os transtornos de ansiedade são os mais prevalentes. Este estudo consiste em um ensaio clínico randomizado com o objetivo de avaliar a eficácia e efetividade de um protocolo semiestruturado de psicoterapia em grupo baseado nos princípios da Terapia de Aceitação e Compromisso (ACT) para o tratamento de ansiedade entre estudantes universitários. Os participantes foram alocados aleatoriamente entre os grupos intervenção e controle. Os níveis de ansiedade pré e pós-intervenção foram avaliados por meio do instrumento General Anxiety Disorders-7 (GAD-7). A amostra final do estudo foi composta por 15 pessoas, dentre as quais 10 foram alocadas no grupo intervenção e 5, no grupo controle. Os resultados foram analisados de duas formas: a) por protocolo (Per-protocol analysis); e b) por intenção de tratar (Intention-to-treat Analysis). Este tratamento reduziu a sintomatologia ansiosa em 39,7% entre os pacientes que completaram o tratamento (por protocolo, p=0,030) e em 30,8% entre todos alocados para o grupo intervenção (i.e., por intenção de tratar, incluindo os dropouts, p=0,035), enquanto os controles não tiveram redução significativa no mesmo período. Portanto, recomenda-se a utilização deste protocolo dentro do contexto universitário como uma alternativa viável ao acompanhamento individual em situações de transtornos de ansiedade. Pesquisas futuras com amostras maiores podem contribuir na consolidação deste protocolo.

Abstract One in every five university students around the world is estimated to have some type of psychological disorder, considering anxiety disorders as the most prevalent. This study consists in a randomized clinical trial aimed to evaluate efficacy and effectiveness of a semi-structured group psychotherapy protocol based on the principles of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for the treatment of anxiety among university students. Participants were randomly allocated in the intervention and control groups. Pre- and post-intervention anxiety levels were measured using the General Anxiety Disorders-7 (GAD-7) questionnaire. The study sample was composed of 15 people, 10 of whom were allocated to the intervention group and 5 to the control group. Results were analyzed in two ways: 1) Per protocol analysis; and 2) Intention-to-treat analysis. This treatment reduced anxiety symptoms by 39.7% among patients who completed treatment (Per protocol, p=0.003) and by 30.8% among all those allocated to the intervention group (i.e., by Intention-to-treat, including dropouts, p=0.035), whereas controls showed no significant reduction in same period. Therefore, we recommend the use of this protocol within the university context as a viable alternative to individual counselling in situations of anxiety disorders. Future research with larger samples may contribute to consolidate this protocol.

Resumen Se estima que uno de cada cinco estudiantes universitarios en todo el mundo tiene algún tipo de trastorno psicológico, entre los cuales los trastornos de ansiedad son los más frecuentes. Este estudio consiste en un ensayo clínico aleatorizado cuyo objetivo fue evaluar la eficacia y efectividad de un protocolo de psicoterapia grupal semiestructurada basado en los principios de la Terapia de Aceptación y Compromiso (ACT) para el tratamiento de la ansiedad en estudiantes universitarios. Se asignaron aleatoriamente a los participantes en los grupos de intervención y control. Los niveles de ansiedad antes y después de la intervención se midieron utilizando el instrumento General Anxiety Disorders-7 (GAD-7). La muestra final del estudio estuvo compuesta por 15 personas, de las cuales 10 fueron asignadas al grupo de intervención y 5 al grupo de control. Los resultados se analizaron de dos maneras: 1) por protocolo (Per protocol analysis); y 2) por intención de tratar (Intention-to-treat Analysis). Con este tratamiento los síntomas de ansiedad se redujeron en un 39,7% entre los pacientes que completaron el tratamiento (por protocolo, p=0,030) y en un 30,8% entre todos los asignados al grupo de intervención (es decir, por intención de tratar, incluidos los dropouts, p=0,035), mientras que los controles no tuvieron una reducción significativa en el mismo periodo. Por lo tanto, se recomienda utilizar este protocolo dentro del contexto universitario como una alternativa viable a lo asesoramiento individual en situaciones de trastornos de ansiedad. La investigación futura con muestras más grandes puede contribuir a la consolidación de esta modalidad.

Resumo Objetivo A carga psicossocial da infertilidade entre casais pode ser uma das razões mais importantes para os distúrbios emocionais emmulheres. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o efeito do aconselhamento em diferentes aspectos emocionais de mulheres inférteis. Métodos Este ensaio clínico randomizado foi realizado com 60 casais com infertilidade primária indicados para tratamento pela primeira vez mas que não receberam tratamento psiquiátrico ou psicológico. As amostras foram alocadas em um grupo de intervenção (30 casais) e um grupo de controle (30 casais) por randomização simples. O grupo de intervenção recebeu aconselhamento sobre infertilidade por 6 sessões de 45 minutos 2 vezes por semana e o grupo controle recebeu cuidados de rotina. O questionário de Triagem por Aflição no Tratamento da Infertilidade (Screening on Distress in Fertility Treatment SCREENIVF em inglês) foi preenchido antes e após a intervenção. As amostras foramcoletadas de novembro a dezembro de 2016 durante 3 meses. Para a análise dos dados usamos o programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows IBMCorp. Armonk NY Estados Unidos) versão 19.0 e os testes-t pareado e independente e os testes de Mann-Whitney de Wilcoxon e do qui quadrado. Resultados A média de idade dos participantes foi de 33 39 ± 5 67 anos. Todos os casais estudados tinham infertilidade primária e não tinham filhos. A duraçãomédia da infertilidade dos casais era de 3 anos. Houve diferença significativa quanto à depressão (1 55±1 92; p<0 0001) ao apoio social (15 73±3 41; p <0 0001) e às cognições em relação aos campos dos problemas de fertilidade (26 48±3 05; p=0 001) entre dois grupos após a intervenção mas não houve diferença significativa com relação à ansiedade (25 03±3 09; p=0 35). Conclusão Os achados mostraram que o aconselhamento sobre infertilidade não afetou a pontuação total do estado emocional de mulheres inférteis mas melhorou seus campos exceto a ansiedade.

Abstract Objective The psychosocial burden of infertility among couples can be one of the most important reasons for women’s emotional disturbance. The goal of the present study was to investigate the effect of counseling on different emotional aspects of infertile women. Methods The present randomized clinical trial was performed on 60 couples with primary infertility who were referred for treatment for the first time and did not receive psychiatric or psychological treatment. Samples were allocated to an intervention group (30 couples) and a control group (30 couples) by simple randomization. The intervention group received infertility counseling for 6 45-minute sessions twice a week, and the control group received routine care. The Screening on Distress in Fertility Treatment (SCREENIVF) questionnaire was completed before and after the intervention. Samples were collected from November to December 2016 for 3 months. For the data analysis, we used the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, United States) software, version 19.0, and the paired t-test, the independent t-test, the Mann-Whitney test, the Wilcoxon test, and the Chi-squared test. Results The mean age of the participants was 33.39±5.67 years. All studied couples had primary infertility and no children. The mean duration of the couples’ infertilitywas 3 years. There was a significant difference regarding depression (1.55±1.92; p<0.0001), social support (15.73±3.41; p<0.0001), and cognitions regarding domains of fertility problems (26.48±3.05; p=0.001) between the 2 groups after the intervention, but there was no significant difference regarding anxiety (25.03±3.09; p=0.35). Conclusion The findings showed that infertility counseling did not affect the total score of infertile women’ emotional status, but improved the domains of it except, anxiety.

ABSTRACT Objective: The paper aims at assessing the role of the discipline related to the preservice professional practice of graduates of Psychology and Pedagogy for educational counseling activity. Methods: The authoresses rely on a qualitative methodology based on systematizing the teaching practice by means of a critical review and the searching of alternatives to face problems in counselling training, as well as examining papers registering professor experiences. Results: The authoresses devise a procedure for assessing counseling skill development. Conclusion: The suggested procedure favor students’ efficient performance in psychological pedagogical counseling.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Dada la necesidad de desarrollar la habilidad asesoría psicopedagógica en el estudiantado de la carrera Licenciatura en Educación, Pedagogía Psicología, este artículo tiene como fin valorar, en el orden metodológico, la disciplina Formación Laboral Investigativa, como vía que favorece la preparación del estudiantado para la asesoría psicopedagógica. Métodos: Las autoras emplean una metodología cualitativa que sistematiza los resultados del trabajo realizado, sobre la base del análisis crítico que hacen los profesores de su aporte en la búsqueda de alternativas de solución a los problemas afrontados en el proceso de formación y de los registros de las actividades metodológicas implementadas en el colectivo de esta Disciplina. Resultado: Se presenta como principal aporte un procedimiento para la evaluación y la autoevaluación del nivel de dominio de la acción asesorar. Conclusión: El procedimiento propuesto, resultado del trabajo metodológico de los docentes de la Disciplina incrementó el nivel de preparación de los estudiantes de la carrera para la dirección eficaz de la asesoría psicopedagógica.

Abstract Mental health problems are a relevant issue all around the world. Mental illness affects one in four people throughout their lives, causing serious socio-economic and human rights-related consequences. In Spain, despite the progress made with psychiatric reform and the promotion of a community model, it is necessary to continue working to improve the quality of life of people with mental health problems. Education and peer support are highly recommended strategies to contribute to their social and occupational integration. Peer support is a relationship based on mutual support. It is established between two people: the person with mental health problems trained to provide the support and the person who receives it. This support enhances the recovery process. For this support to be effective, it is essential to previously train the person who will undertake the counselling functions. The relationship of support offers practical advice, suggestions, strategies and emotional and psychological support. In addition, maintaining an non-professional perspective is essential to help people to rebuild their sense of community after an unknown experience. Peer support brings benefits to all parties involved: support providers, receivers and implementing organizations or institutions. However, training programs for peer support are not widespread. In Spain, despite the recognition of the need to integrate people with mental health problems into society and to respond to their needs, there is no published research on guidelines for such training programs. For this reason, this research identifies the peer support training programs which have been or are being carried out in Spain and describe their formal characteristics. A bibliographic review of databases and web pages has been undertaken to identify Spanish experiences of training people with Severe Mental Disorder (SMD) based on peer support and to describe their formal characteristics (duration, methodology, evaluation and workplace). A total of 77 programs found in the electronic databases, 75 of which have been excluded as they are not Spanish experiences. Five programs were found in the searches carried out on the reports of conferences, congresses and websites of Spanish organizations and institutions. Finally, seven training experiences were selected for the group, five of them focused on peer support and others on the figure of the personal assistant. The study of the programs is carried out following the indications of the content analysis model. The training programs described have common objectives, however, they vary considerably in their approach, duration, names of support and evaluation providers and, to a lesser extent, in the contents, methodology and workplaces. Despite the expansion of peer support in mental health, the number of experiences found in Spain is limited. Any program must be adapted to the strengths of the individuals, the type of work, as well as to the needs of the community. Furthermore, if this new professional profile is regulated at work, it will contribute to improving the rates of social and occupational integration of people with mental health problems. It is necessary to continue developing and implementing experiences of these characteristics and to investigate their efficiency and effectiveness in order to be able to provide guidelines on peer support in the Spanish population.

Resumen Los problemas de salud mental son un tema relevante en todo el mundo. Pese a los avances, es necesario continuar trabajando para mejorar la calidad de vida del colectivo. La educación y el apoyo entre iguales son estrategias muy adecuadas para contribuir a su integración socio-laboral. Se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica en bases de datos y páginas web para identificar experiencias españolas de formación de personas con Trastorno Mental Severo (TMS) basadas en el apoyo entre iguales. Se han encontrado siete experiencias de formación para el colectivo, cinco de ellas centradas en el apoyo entre iguales y otras en la figura de el/la asistente personal. El número de experiencias encontradas en España es muy reducido. Aunque los objetivos son comunes, se observan enfoques diferentes (entorno sanitario, laboral, social) que pueden ser muy relevantes para el diseño y aplicación de otras experiencias en diferentes contextos.

Abstract Guidance and psychological counselling services, which are seen as an integral part of the education system, refer to the whole of systematic services offered in line with a certain plan and programme. Guidance and counselling programmes (G&CP) are of considerable importance in the provision of these services based on data and evidence and in obtaining the expected efficiency from the services. The aim of this study is to evaluate the studies on G&CP in terms of content analysis, to reveal the current situation and to determine the scientific research orientations related to these studies. With this study, it was aimed that field staff, educators and researchers should recognise the gaps in the G&CP field, gain different perspectives on their fields of study and shed light on new research in this field. The data related to this study, which was designed according to the descriptive survey model using qualitative research methodology, were obtained by document review method. In connection with the topic of research, 105 graduate thesis studies in the ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database between 2007 and 2019 and 133 journal articles in the Web of Science database were examined. The obtained data were evaluated using the descriptive content analysis method. Studies on the subject have increased in recent years and more than half of the research has been carried out in the United States. It was observed that experimental studies were conducted using the most quantitative research methodology, that more emphasis was placed on the programme evaluation process and that sample groups at different levels, especially school counsellors, were studied. Additionally, there are some findings supporting that there are more studies concerning community-based preventive and intervention programmes than school-based studies, and also supporting the fact that school-related researches are especially paying attention to investigate the effects of the programme, perceptions and experiences of the programme, programme design and programme evaluation. Finally, the results from the research findings were interpreted and the recommendations for the researchers were presented.

Resumen Los servicios de orientación y asesoramiento psicológico, que se consideran parte integrante del sistema educativo, se refieren al conjunto de servicios sistemáticos que se ofrecen de acuerdo con un determinado plan y programa. Los programas de orientación y asesoramiento (POA) son de considerable importancia en la prestación de estos servicios basados en datos y pruebas y en la obtención de la eficiencia esperada de los servicios. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar los estudios sobre POA en términos de análisis de contenido, revelar la situación actual y determinar las orientaciones de investigación científica relacionadas con estos estudios. Con este estudio, se pretendía que el personal de campo, los educadores y los investigadores reconocieran los desajustes en el campo de POA, obtengan diferentes perspectivas sobre sus campos de estudio y arrojen luz sobre nuevas investigaciones en este campo. Los datos relacionados con este estudio, que fue diseñado según el modelo de encuesta descriptiva utilizando metodología de investigación cualitativa, se obtuvieron mediante el método de revisión de documentos. En relación con el tema de investigación, se examinaron 105 estudios de tesis de posgrado en la base de datos de tesis y disertaciones de ProQuest entre 2007 y 2019, y 133 artículos de revistas en la base de datos de Web of Science. Los datos obtenidos se evaluaron mediante el método de análisis de contenido descriptivo. Los estudios sobre el tema han aumentado en los últimos años y más de la mitad de las investigaciones se han realizado en Estados Unidos. Se observó que los estudios experimentales se realizaron utilizando la metodología de investigación más cuantitativa, que se puso más énfasis en el proceso de evaluación del programa y que se estudiaron grupos de muestra de diferentes niveles, especialmente orientadores escolares. Además, hay algunos hallazgos que respaldan que hay más estudios sobre programas de intervención y prevención basados en la comunidad que estudios basados en la escuela, y también respaldan el hecho de que las investigaciones relacionadas con la escuela están prestando especial atención a investigar los efectos, las percepciones y experiencias, el diseño y la evaluación del programa. Finalmente, se interpretaron los resultados de los hallazgos de la investigación y se presentaron las recomendaciones para los investigadores.

ORIENTATION: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has brought to the forefront the need for industrial-organisational psychologists (IOPs) and organisations to place an emphasis on employees' mental and physical health at all timesRESEARCH PURPOSE: The purpose of the research was to determine how prepared IOPs are to counsel employees during the pandemic and how responsive they are to provide counsellingMOTIVATION FOR THE STUDY: It is not clear to what extent such counselling is being practised by IOPs in the workplace during the COVID-19 pandemicRESEARCH APPROACH/DESIGN AND METHOD: A qualitative approach was used to gain an understanding of registered South African IOPs' experiences of workplace counselling, particularly during the time of the COVID-19 pandemicMAIN FINDINGS: Regarding preparedness, we found that IOPs are ill-prepared to counsel in the workplace. Preparedness was influenced by participants' counselling education, skills and knowledge; experience; convictions about counselling; and psychological and organisational preparedness. Whilst some IOPs did engage in more counselling during the COVID-19 pandemic, most reverted to mitigating actions such as referrals, wellness management, equipping managers and change initiativesPRACTICAL/MANAGERIAL IMPLICATIONS: The results of this study indicate that, under pandemic conditions, there is an increased need for counselling practices within the workplace and that IOPs should explore the ways in which they could play a more active role in such counsellingCONTRIBUTION/VALUE-ADD: Although we found that IOPs generally responded to employees' mental health needs in a positive manner, there was a lack of counselling preparedness and responsiveness during the COVID-19 pandemic