ABSTRACT Introduction: Overactive bladder is characterized by overactivity of the detrusor and causes urge urinary incontinence. Accidents at work have a negative impact on the health of workers and consequently on the productivity of companies and the global economy. The worker and his/her family members are entitled to compensation for damage resulting from it. The responsibility for the repair and other charges arising from accidents at work lies with the employer, who is obliged to transfer it to entities legally authorized for this purpose (insurance companies). Case Report: In this clinical case, an accident at work is described in a 57-year-old woman, an operational assistant at a public health institution. The victim suffered a fall on a wet floor, which resulted in a rupture of the adductor muscles of the thighs, with aggravation of a pre-existing pathology (surgically corrected stress urinary incontinence). A few years after the accident, the victim underwent a new urogynecological surgical intervention at the insurance company, with worsening of existing stress incontinence and emergence of urge urinary incontinence, having developed, in this context, overactive bladder. Discussion/Conclusion: In this case report, the insurance company recognized the causal link between the accident at work and the injuries that developed. The consequences of this accident go beyond the work sphere, with an impact on the quality of life, leisure and sexual dimension of the worker. The reparation of damage by work accidents in Portugal focuses essentially on the loss of earning capacity. Occupational health services play a key role both in the prevention of accidents at work and in the follow-up of victims after returning to work. Occupational physicians and insurance companies play a key role in professional reintegration, so their communication and bonding should be strengthened.

RESUMO Introdução: A bexiga hiperativa caracteriza-se por hiperatividade do detrusor e ocasiona incontinência urinária de urgência. Os acidentes de trabalho têm um impacto negativo na saúde dos trabalhadores e consequentemente na produtividade das empresas e economia global. O trabalhador e os seus familiares têm direito à reparação dos danos emergentes. A responsabilidade pela reparação e demais encargos decorrentes cabe ao empregador, que é obrigado a transferi-la para entidades legalmente autorizadas para o efeito (seguradoras). Caso Clínico: Neste caso clínico descreve-se um acidente laboral numa trabalhadora de 57 anos, assistente operacional de uma instituição pública de saúde. A sinistrada sofreu queda em piso molhado, que resultou em rotura dos músculos adutores das coxas, com agravamento de patologia pré-existente (incontinência urinária de esforço corrigida cirurgicamente). Alguns anos após o acidente, a sinistrada foi submetida a nova intervenção cirúrgica uro-ginecológica na seguradora, com agravamento da incontinência de esforço já existente e surgimento de incontinência urinária de urgência, tendo desenvolvido, nesse contexto, bexiga hiperativa. Discussão/Conclusão: No caso clínico em questão, foi reconhecido pela companhia de seguros o nexo de causalidade entre o sinistro ocorrido e as lesões desenvolvidas. As consequências ultrapassam a esfera laboral, com impacto na qualidade de vida, lazer e dimensão sexual da trabalhadora. A reparação por acidentes de trabalho em Portugal incide essencialmente na perda da capacidade de ganho. Os serviços de saúde ocupacional têm um papel fundamental tanto na prevenção dos acidentes, como no acompanhamento dos sinistrados após regresso ao trabalho. O médico do trabalho e as companhias de seguro têm um papel fundamental na reintegração profissional, pelo que a sua comunicação e vínculo devem ser reforçados.

The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of linguistic sexism in Afrikaans and its evolution over seven decades, reflecting possible societal changes. More specifically, the inquiry sought to investigate the presence of sexism in Afrikaans women's magazines from 1948 to 2020. To achieve this, a corpus was constructed using 57 editions of the Afrikaans women's magazine, rooi rose. The data was then analysed by means of the #LancsBox corpus software tool. Situated within the domain of language and gender, the study delved into the intricate interplay between linguistic and societal norms. We accept that there is a symbiotic and reciprocal relationship between language and the way humans experience the external world. This also applies to the relationship between a (specific) language and the way in which the concept of gender is embodied by speakers of the language. In particular, linguistic sexism, a subfield of the language and gender field, can be seen as the lens through which possible discrimination against women can be made visible. Linguistic sexism manifests inter alia through lexical items of the following types: forms of address and titles; gendered nouns like skryfster ("female author") and sekretaresse ("female secretary"); the generic he and the frequency of co-occurrence of the pronouns hy ("he"), hom ("him") and sy ("his") with gender-neutral nouns like baba ("baby"), kind ("child") and mens ("humankind", "man"). The findings from the rooi rose corpus paint a nuanced picture. While the prevalence of mevrou outweighs that of mejuffrou, suggesting a lingering gender bias, the diminishing gap between their usage indicates a gradual shift. However, traditions like beauty competitions perpetuate linguistic sexism, with titles like Mejuffrou Persoonlikheid ("Miss Personality") and Mejuffrou Glimlag ("Miss Smile") reinforcing traditional gender norms. Me, the Afrikaans equivalent of "Ms", appears so infrequently in the corpus that its frequency is negligible. The analysis of professional and personal names reveals a changing landscape, with certain terms evolving into gender-neutral descriptors, albeit with remnants of gender stereotypes persisting in certain contexts. The generic use of masculine pronouns ("hy", "hom", "sy") when referring to gender-neutral nouns underscores linguistic bias. GraphColl (a function of #LancsBox) was used to ascertain how many times hy ("he"), hom ("him") and the possessive pronoun sy ("his") refer to mens ("person"), kind ("child" and baba ("baby") where the gender of these words is uncertain. An example of such occurrences is the following: Wie kan werklik begryp wat die kind dink en voel en glo daar waar hy in sy eie beto-werde wêreldjie verlöre raak? ("Who can really understand what the child thinks and feels and believes where he gets lost in his own enchanted little world?") References to baba ("baby"), kind ("child") and mens ("person") in most cases show a clear preference for the male personal or possessive pronouns. To conclude, while the linguistic landscape of Afrikaans women in rooi rose demonstrates strides towards inclusivity, traces of entrenched linguistic biases endure, illustrating the complex interplay between language and societal norms.

Hierdie artikel ondersoek die taallandskap¹ van die Afrikaanse vrou soos wat dit te sien is in die rooi rose van 1948 - 2020 en vra of hierdie landskap, veral wat taalseksisme betref, soos te siene in rooi rose sedert 1948, verander het. Die rooi rose-korpus was die databron wat ontleed is met die moontlikhede wat korpuslinguistiek as metode bied. Die studie val in die sosiolinguistieksubveld wat in die breë as die taal-en-gender-veld bekend staan. Taalseksisme val in hierdie deelgebied. Taalseksisme (en gepaardgaande stereotipering) kom voor wanneer daar deur en in taal teen 'n geslag of gender gediskrimineer word. Kwantitatiewe navorsing is gebruik om frekwensies van leksikale items soos aan-spreekvorms en titels, die generiese hy en manlike en vroulike persoons- en beroepsname vas te stel. Soekwoorde binne konteks, soos wat verkry word in konkordansiereëls, asook kollokasies is kwalitatief ontleed. Die gevolgtrekking waartoe die studie kom, is dat daar verandering op te merk is wat die gebruik van sommige leksikale items betref. Daar is 'n frekwensieafname te bespeur in sommige titels en aanspreekvorme, maar die neutrale me (wat nie onderskeid tref wat huwelikstatus betref nie) word nie in die korpus aangetref nie. Afrikaans volg die wêreldtendens deur sommige manlike en vroulike selfstandige naamwoorde te vervang met een naamwoord wat na beide mans en vrouens kan verwys. Daar is egter nog tekens van taalseksisme in die korpus. Die generiese hy word tot 2020 nog baie gebruik en onderskeid word ook nog getref wat betref die huwelikstatus van vroue.

ABSTRACT Laura Rodriguez Dulanto has been highlighted for her status as the first woman to graduate in Medicine in Peru. Her high intellectual qualities have been noted from various perspectives, as well as her effort and tenacity to overcome the difficulties of pursuing university studies, particularly in scientific disciplines, then reserved exclusively for men. It has been pointed out, however, that due to the limitations imposed on women at the time, she had a diminished professional activity and little scientific production, which has not been reviewed by existing historiography. This article analyzes his scientific production, especially a clinical study developed in a women's hospital in Lima, Peru, showing his ideas about science and medicine and identifying a clear, modern and innovative thought, not exempt from social sensitivity, in addition. to show herself as a keen and thorough observer of clinical-surgical problems.

RESUMEN Laura Rodriguez Dulanto ha sido destacada por su calidad de primera mujer graduada en Medicina en el Perú, se ha señalado desde diversas perspectivas sus elevadas cualidades intelectuales, así como el esfuerzo y tesón para vencer las dificultades para seguir estudios universitarios, en particular en disciplinas científicas, entonces reservadas exclusivamente a varones. Se ha señalado sin embargo que por las limitaciones impuestas a las mujeres en la época tuvo una disminuida actividad profesional, y una escasa producción científica, lo cual no ha sido revisado por la historiografía existente. En el presente artículo se analiza, su producción científica especialmente el estudio “empleo de ictiol en la inflamación pélvica” mostrando sus ideas sobre la ciencia y la medicina e identificando un pensamiento claro, moderno e innovador, no exento de sensibilidad social, además de mostrarse como una aguda y minuciosa observadora de problemas clínico-quirúrgicos.

Abstract This work sought to identify the conceptions of black women in socioeconomic vulnerability in a neighborhood in the Northwest Zone of the municipality of Santos about health and self-care in reproductive health. This is a qualitative research carried out via semi-structured interviews with 19 self-declared black women. Qualitative data were submitted to Content Analysis. The results revealed conceptions about health and self-care that involve the biomedical aspect and a perception of integral health. In conclusion, women consider health and self-care very important; however, they attribute to the medical professional a relevant role in maintaining this self-care, disregarding the daily practices carried out autonomously. selfcare self care semistructured semi structured 1 selfdeclared declared Analysis conclusion important however selfcare, care, autonomously

Resumo Neste trabalho se buscou identificar as concepções de mulheres negras em vulnerabilidade socioeconômica de um bairro da Zona Noroeste do município de Santos sobre saúde e autocuidado em saúde reprodutiva. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa realizada por meio de entrevista semiestruturada com 19 mulheres autodeclaradas negras. Os dados qualitativos foram submetidos à Análise de Conteúdo. Os resultados revelaram concepções acerca da saúde e do autocuidado que envolvem não apenas o aspecto biomédico, mas também a percepção de saúde integral. Concluiu-se que as mulheres consideram a saúde e o autocuidado como algo de grande importância, entretanto, atribuem ao profissional de medicina papel relevante na manutenção desse autocuidado, desconsiderando as práticas diárias que realizam de forma autônoma. reprodutiva Tratase Trata 1 Conteúdo biomédico integral Concluiuse Concluiu importância entretanto autônoma

RESUMO Objetivo: Compreender as experiências e as vulnerabilidades para o cuidado transcultural de enfermagem à mulher imigrante na gestação e parto. Método: Pesquisa exploratória, qualitativa, à luz da Teoria da Diversidade e Universalidade do Cuidado Cultural, realizada em Foz do Iguaçu, Brasil, mediante entrevistas com oito puérperas e 18 enfermeiros,entre fevereiro e setembro de 2022. Adotou-se, para análise, a interpretação de sentidos. Resultados: Emergiram as categorias: Experiências, vulnerabilidades e aculturação da mulher imigrante na gestação e parto; Cuidado transcultural e vulnerabilidades experienciadas pela imigrante em serviços de saúde brasileiros. Vulnerabilidades foram identificadas nas Dimensões Culturais e de Estrutura Social expressas no acesso ao trabalho, baixas condições socioeconômicas, falta de suporte familiar, social e serviços específicos para essa população. As potencialidades experienciadas incluíram: bom atendimento nos serviços de saúde, qualidade da equipe multiprofissional e valorização do saber profissional; entretanto a compreensão das expectativas e dos aspectos culturais precisam ser aprofundados. Considerações finais: Compreendeu-se que as mulheres imigrantes experienciaram situações de vulnerabilidade na gestação e parto, no contexto brasileiro, principalmente relacionadas às dimensões sociais e programáticas. Contudo, potencialidades também foram experienciadas, evidenciadas pelos aspectos positivos no cuidado transcultural de enfermagem no Brasil. Objetivo parto Método exploratória qualitativa Cultural Iguaçu Brasil 1 enfermeirosentre enfermeiros entre 2022 Adotouse, Adotouse Adotou se, se Adotou-se análise sentidos Resultados categorias Experiências brasileiros trabalho socioeconômicas familiar população incluíram profissional aprofundados finais Compreendeuse Compreendeu brasileiro programáticas Contudo 202 20 2

RESUMEN Objetivo: Comprender las experiencias y vulnerabilidades de la atención de enfermería transcultural a mujeres inmigrantes durante el embarazo y parto. Método: Investigación cualitativa, exploratoria, basada en la Teoría de la Diversidad y Universalidad del Cuidado Cultural, realizada en Foz do Iguazú, Brasil, a través de entrevistas con ocho madres y 18 enfermeras, entre febrero/septiembre de 2022. Se adoptó la interpretación de significados para el análisis. Resultados: Emergieron las categorías de análisis: Experiencias, vulnerabilidades y aculturación de mujeres inmigrantes durante el embarazo y parto; Atención transcultural y vulnerabilidades vividas por inmigrantes en los servicios de salud brasileños. Se identificaron vulnerabilidades en las Dimensiones de Estructura Cultural y Social expresadas en acceso al trabajo, bajas condiciones socioeconómicas, falta de apoyo familiar y social y de servicios específicos para esta población. Las potencialidades vividas incluyeron: buena atención en los servicios de salud, calidad del equipo multidisciplinario y valoración del conocimiento profesional, sin embargo, es necesario profundizar la comprensión de las expectativas y los aspectos culturales. Consideraciones finales: Se entendió que las mujeres inmigrantes vivieron situaciones de vulnerabilidad durante el embarazo y el parto, en el contexto brasileño, principalmente relacionadas con dimensiones sociales y programáticas. Sin embargo, también se experimentaron potencialidades, evidenciadas por aspectos positivos en la atención de enfermería transcultural en Brasil. Objetivo parto Método cualitativa exploratoria Iguazú Brasil 1 enfermeras febreroseptiembre febrero septiembre 2022 análisis Resultados Experiencias brasileños trabajo socioeconómicas población incluyeron profesional embargo culturales finales brasileño programáticas 202 20 2

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the experiences and vulnerabilities for cross-cultural nursing care for immigrant women during pregnancy and delivery. Method: Exploratory, qualitative research, in the light of the Theory of Diversity and Universality of Cultural Care, in Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil, through interviews with eight postpartum woman and 18 nurses, between February and September 2022. The interpretation of meanings was adopted for analysis. Results: The categories of analysis emerged: Experiences, vulnerabilities and acculturation of immigrant women during pregnancy and delivery; Cross-cultural care and vulnerabilities experienced by immigrants in Brazilian health services. Vulnerabilities were identified in Cultural and Social Structure Dimensions expressed in access to work, low socioeconomic conditions, lack of family and social support and specific services for this population. The potentialities experienced included good care provided by health services, quality of the multidisciplinary team and appreciation of professional knowledge, however, the understanding of expectations and cultural aspects needs to be deepened. Final considerations: Understand that immigrant women experience situations of vulnerability in pregnancy and childbirth, in the Brazilian context, mainly related to social and programmatic dimensions. However, potentialities were also experienced, evidenced by positive aspects in cross-cultural nursing care in Brazil. Objective crosscultural cross delivery Method Exploratory research Care Iguaçu Brazil 1 nurses 2022 Results emerged Experiences Crosscultural Cross work conditions population knowledge however deepened considerations childbirth context dimensions However 202 20 2

Resumo Neste trabalho se buscou identificar as concepções de mulheres negras em vulnerabilidade socioeconômica de um bairro da Zona Noroeste do município de Santos sobre saúde e autocuidado em saúde reprodutiva. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa realizada por meio de entrevista semiestruturada com 19 mulheres autodeclaradas negras. Os dados qualitativos foram submetidos à Análise de Conteúdo. Os resultados revelaram concepções acerca da saúde e do autocuidado que envolvem não apenas o aspecto biomédico, mas também a percepção de saúde integral. Concluiu-se que as mulheres consideram a saúde e o autocuidado como algo de grande importância, entretanto, atribuem ao profissional de medicina papel relevante na manutenção desse autocuidado, desconsiderando as práticas diárias que realizam de forma autônoma.

Abstract This work sought to identify the conceptions of black women in socioeconomic vulnerability in a neighborhood in the Northwest Zone of the municipality of Santos about health and self-care in reproductive health. This is a qualitative research carried out via semi-structured interviews with 19 self-declared black women. Qualitative data were submitted to Content Analysis. The results revealed conceptions about health and self-care that involve the biomedical aspect and a perception of integral health. In conclusion, women consider health and self-care very important; however, they attribute to the medical professional a relevant role in maintaining this self-care, disregarding the daily practices carried out autonomously.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is a set of physical, mood, cognitive and behavioral changes which happens between the two weeks before menstruation, which can hinder a woman’s personal, academic, and professional performance. The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence of PMS in female nursing students. METHODS: A cross-sectional study using a virtual questionnaire on sociodemographic and gynecological characteristics and the Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool (PSST) questionnaire, which looks for physical and psychological symptoms of PMS, interference of symptoms in daily life and establishes a positive screening for PMS. RESULTS: A total of 114 students participated in the study. The most prevalent characteristics were being between 18 and 23 years old, single and in their 5th or 6th academic year. In addition, the majority went through the menarche between 11 and 13 years of age, with menstrual flow of 3-5 days. Of these, 40.4% used hormonal contraceptive methods and 37.7% did not use any type of contraceptive method. The prevalence of PMS was 61.4%. The most frequent symptoms were physical symptoms (93.9%), anger/irritation (91.2%), urge to cry/increased sensitivity (88.6%), anxiety/tension (86.8%) and decreased interest in social activities (85.1%). These symptoms interfere with relationships with family (81.6%), social life activities (80.7%), efficiency at work or college/productivity (79.8%), relationships with colleagues at work/college (77.2%) and responsibilities at home (75.4%). CONCLUSION: PMS is prevalent among female nursing students and its symptoms affect the daily lives of this population, interfering with their personal and social relationships as well as academic activities. OBJECTIVES (PMS mood menstruation womans woman s performance METHODS crosssectional cross sectional PSST (PSST RESULTS 1 2 old th year addition age 35 3 5 3- days these 404 40 4 40.4 377 37 7 37.7 method 614 61 61.4% 93.9%, 939 93.9% , 93 9 (93.9%) angerirritation anger irritation 91.2%, 912 91.2% 91 (91.2%) cryincreased cry increased 88.6%, 886 88.6% 88 6 (88.6%) anxietytension anxiety tension 86.8% 868 86 8 (86.8% 85.1%. 851 85.1% . 85 (85.1%) 81.6%, 816 81.6% 81 (81.6%) 80.7%, 807 80.7% 80 (80.7%) collegeproductivity college productivity 79.8%, 798 79.8% 79 (79.8%) workcollege 77.2% 772 77 (77.2% 75.4%. 754 75.4% 75 (75.4%) CONCLUSION population 40. 37. 61.4 93.9 (93.9% 91.2 (91.2% 88.6 (88.6% 86.8 (86.8 85.1 (85.1% 81.6 (81.6% 80.7 (80.7% 79.8 (79.8% 77.2 (77.2 75.4 (75.4% 61. 93. (93.9 91. (91.2 88. (88.6 86. (86. 85. (85.1 81. (81.6 80. (80.7 79. (79.8 77. (77. 75. (75.4 (93. (91. (88. (86 (85. (81. (80. (79. (77 (75. (93 (91 (88 (8 (85 (81 (80 (79 (7 (75 (9 (

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A síndrome pré-menstrual (SPM) é um conjunto de alterações físicas, de humor, cognitivas e comportamentais, iniciadas entre as duas semanas prévias a menstruação, que podem causar desgastes no rendimento pessoal, acadêmico e profissional da mulher. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a prevalência da SPM em acadêmicas do curso de enfermagem. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal realizado por meio de um questionário virtual sobre características sociodemográficas e ginecológicas e o questionário Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool (PSST), que busca sintomas físicos e psicológicos da SPM, interferência dos sintomas no cotidiano, e estabelece uma triagem positiva para SPM. RESULTADOS: Foram recrutadas 114 acadêmicas da graduação em enfermagem. As características mais prevalentes foram a faixa etária entre 18 e 23 anos, solteiras e cursando o 5° ou 6° período do curso. Ademais, a maioria com menarca entre 11 e 13 anos, com fluxo menstrual de 3 a 5 dias. Destas, 40,4% usavam métodos contraceptivos hormonais e 37,7% não usavam nenhum tipo de método contraceptivo. A prevalência encontrada de SPM foi de 61,4%. Os sintomas mais frequentes foram sintomas físicos (93,9%), raiva/irritação (91,2%), vontade de chorar/aumento da sensibilidade (88,6%), ansiedade/tensão (86,8%) e interesse diminuído nas atividades sociais (85,1%). Estes sintomas interferem no relacionamento com a família (81,6%), nas atividades de vida social (80,7%), na eficiência no trabalho ou faculdade/produtividade (79,8%), nos relacionamentos com os colegas de trabalho/faculdade (77,2%) e nas responsabilidades de casa (75,4%). CONCLUSÃO: A SPM é prevalente entre as acadêmicas do curso de enfermagem e seus sintomas afetam o cotidiano desta população, interferindo nos seus relacionamentos pessoais, sociais e atividades acadêmicas. OBJETIVOS prémenstrual pré (SPM físicas humor comportamentais menstruação pessoal mulher MÉTODOS PSST, PSST , (PSST) RESULTADOS 1 2 anos 6 Ademais dias Destas 404 40 4 40,4 377 37 7 37,7 contraceptivo 614 61 61,4% 93,9%, 939 93,9% 93 9 (93,9%) raivairritação raiva irritação 91,2%, 912 91,2% 91 (91,2%) choraraumento chorar aumento 88,6%, 886 88,6% 88 (88,6%) ansiedadetensão ansiedade tensão 86,8% 868 86 8 (86,8% 85,1%. 851 85,1% . 85 (85,1%) 81,6%, 816 81,6% 81 (81,6%) 80,7%, 807 80,7% 80 (80,7%) faculdadeprodutividade faculdade produtividade 79,8%, 798 79,8% 79 (79,8%) trabalhofaculdade 77,2% 772 77 (77,2% 75,4%. 754 75,4% 75 (75,4%) CONCLUSÃO população pessoais (PSST 40, 37, 61,4 93,9 (93,9% 91,2 (91,2% 88,6 (88,6% 86,8 (86,8 85,1 (85,1% 81,6 (81,6% 80,7 (80,7% 79,8 (79,8% 77,2 (77,2 75,4 (75,4% 61, 93, (93,9 91, (91,2 88, (88,6 86, (86, 85, (85,1 81, (81,6 80, (80,7 79, (79,8 77, (77, 75, (75,4 (93, (91, (88, (86 (85, (81, (80, (79, (77 (75, (93 (91 (88 (8 (85 (81 (80 (79 (7 (75 (9 (

ORIENTATION: Women leaders face significant challenges because of the multifaceted nature of their lives. They need support to maintain a healthy work-life balance RESEARCH PURPOSE: This study aimed to explore the role of leadership coaching to support women in leadership positions with work-life balance MOTIVATION FOR THE STUDY: Leadership coaching is an effective and powerful individual support and development intervention; however, the link between coaching and work-life balance for woman leaders has not been studied sufficiently RESEARCH APPROACH/DESIGN AND METHOD: Data were collected via in-depth interviews from (n = 10) women in leadership positions who experienced at least six leadership coaching sessions in the last 18 months. An interpretative phenomenological paradigm was utilised and thematic analysis was used to analyse collected data MAIN FINDINGS: Coaching supported women leaders on four fronts: increased self-awareness, designing work-life balance strategies, coping with gender-specific challenges and highlights the importance of organisational commitment to the coaching and support processes PRACTICAL/MANAGERIAL IMPLICATIONS: Coaches should ensure that coaching programmes integrate strategies and techniques to help women leaders manage emotional, labour and domestic responsibilities. Organisations should take steps to create an inclusive workplace that actively promotes the professional development and well-being of women leaders by recognising and addressing their challenges and providing support through coaching CONTRIBUTION/VALUE-ADD: This study provides empirical evidence that leadership coaching is a viable strategy to support women leaders with work-life balance

According to the Stiwanist theory, colonialism, oppressive traditional structures, and African men (sometimes women too) can all impede social reform and contribute to gender inequality in Africa. Various studies highlight the importance of formal education in contributing to the emancipation of women in contemporary societies, despite challenges brought by the aforementioned obstacles. The choice to discuss two highly esteemed African female novelists who are from different generations of writers is imperative in tracking the evolution of formal female education in lightening the patriarchal weight in black societies. Through a close reading and thematic analysis of Emecheta's Double Yoke and Adichie's Purple Hibiscus, this study shows that despite being confronted with sexist resistance in Nigeria between the 1970s and 1980s, black female university lecturers such as Miss Bulewao and Ifeoma serve as agents of socio-economic transformation cultivated by egalitarianism. In addition, the discussion on Obinze's mother in Adichie's Americanah highlights that while there are systems which are counter women's liberation stemming from society's sexist ideologies, the 21st century is showing an adjustment to the implications of the newly-educated African woman, especially as a professional and mother. CONTRIBUTION: Through the adoption of Stiwanism as a theoretical lens, this study contributes to the existing literary scholarship of African feminisms that advocate for a collective activism to combat gender disparity, with women as active participants. This is with particular attention to how sexism, as underpinned by neocolonialism and traditional ideologies, continues to oppress girls and women despite the influence of formalised education, which can also be attributed to women's economic dependence. Through the analysis of academic female characters in selected classical novels by Emecheta and Adichie as primary sources of data, the current article reveals the novelists' prophetic fictional narratives regarding the challenges and successes faced by higher education in addressing female marginalisation. This study is important for the present milieu because it emphasises the challenge of the continued exponential increase in gender bias against black female lecturers and scholars in and outside the academy, highlighting that women's access to and improved enrolment numbers in higher education institutions does not necessarily abolish gender inequality in education

RESUMEN Introducción: La rápida propagación de la COVID-19 a escala mundial ocasionó el colapso de los sistemas sanitarios, lo cual contribuyó a que el personal sanitario incrementara el agotamiento sufrido, tanto físico como mental. Objetivo: Determinar el impacto psicológico de la pandemia de la COVID-19 en el personal sanitario. Métodos: Estudio multicéntrico transversal, en 145 sujetos que se desempeñaron como personal sanitario en el periodo de enero a diciembre de 2021. La información se recopiló a través de un formulario online, precisando edad, sexo, antecedentes patológicos personales, institución, categoría laboral, acceso diario a información sobre la COVID-19, asistencia directa a pacientes infectados y muerte de personas cercanas. Se aplicó el Cuestionario de Salud General. Se utilizó la prueba de U de Mann-Whitney para buscar diferencias en la puntuación general reportada. Resultados: Presentaron un impacto psicológico alto el 62,1 % de los encuestados; el 70,0 % eran médicos y enfermeras; el 62,2 % accedía más de 2 h al día a información sobre la COVID; el 64,4 % participó directamente en la atención a pacientes infectados y el 35,6 % había perdido a personas cercanas por la pandemia. Ser mujer (p= 0,008), acceder a información sobre la COVID-19 más de 2 h al día (p= 0,026), asistir directamente a pacientes infectados (p= 0,033) y la muerte de personas cercanas (p= 0,018) tuvo diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el impacto psicológico. Conclusiones: La pandemia de la COVID-19 se asocia a un impacto psicológico alto en el personal sanitario.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The fast spread of COVID-19 around the world caused health systems collapse, which contributed to increase fatigue suffered by health workers, physical as well as mental. Objective: To determine psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on health professionals. Methods: A multicenter cross-sectional study was carried out in 145 subjects who worked as health professionals from January to December 2021. This information was collected in an online form. Age, sex, medical record, institution, work category, daily access to COVID-19 information, direct assistance to infected patients and close people death was considered parameters in the applied form. Mann-Whitney U test was applied to find differences in the overall reported score. Results: 62.1% of health workers presented a High Psychological Impact, 70.0% were medical and nursing staff; 62.2% accessed to information about COVID-19 for more than 2 hours daily, 64.4% assisted infected patients directly, and 35.6% experienced close people death due to the pandemic. Being a woman (p= 0,008), accessing information about COVID-19 for more than 2 hours daily (p= 0,026), directly assisting infected patients (p= 0,033), and the death of close people (p= 0,018) had statistically significant differences in psychological impact. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic is associated with a high psychological impact in health workers.

Resumen El discurso de odio contra las mujeres está ampliamente documentado en la literatura. Sin embargo, el impacto de las nuevas tecnologías de la comunicación y de la información desde una perspectiva de género es una cuestión que a menudo no se aborda. Este estudio analizó el acoso cibernético contra las mujeres en la plataforma Instagram con el objetivo de conocer los comportamientos de los usuarios (hombres, mujeres y cuentas falsas) en la red social objeto del estudio. De forma secundaria, se observaron las difamaciones más frecuentes realizadas en contra de las mujeres. Para desarrollar la búsqueda se escogieron en total 8 personalidades femeninas pertenecientes a cuatro categorías diferentes a nivel laboral: política, comunicación, deporte y empresa; se estudiaron todas sus publicaciones y comentarios en Instagram entre noviembre de 2021 y abril de 2022. Se recopilaron un total de 393 publicaciones y 61.703 comentarios. Instagram solo permitió leer el 89,33% del total de los comentarios. Según la categoría correspondiente a cada mujer, se visualizaron grandes diferencias en los insultos totales reunidos. En general se contabilizaron 1144 insultos y otras expresiones insidiosas, que suponen el 2,08% de los comentarios legibles. Se recogen dos formas para llevar a cabo el insulto: de forma directa (76,75%) e indirecta (23,25%). Existe una evidencia clara de la presencia del discurso de odio en Instagram. Por ello, se requiere realizar más investigación, con ensayos bien diseñados, para valorar el alcance del movimiento antifeminista en redes sociales.

Abstract The discourse of hate against women is widely documented in literature. However, the impact of new technologies of communication and information from a gender perspective is an issue that is often overlooked. This study analyzed cyberbullying against women on the Instagram platform in order to understand the behaviors of users (men, women and fake accounts) on the social network under study. Secondarily, the most frequent defamations carried out against women were observed. To develop the search, a total of 8 female personalities belonging to four different categories at the professional level were chosen: politics, communication, sports and business; all their publications and comments on Instagram were studied between November 2021 and April 2022. A total of 393 publications and 61,703 comments were compiled. Instagram only allowed reading 89.33% of the total comments. According to the corresponding category for each woman, large differences were observed in the total insults gathered. In general, 1,144 insults and other insidious expressions were counted, representing 2.08% of readable comments. Two ways of insulting are collected: directly (76.75%) and indirectly (23.25%). There is clear evidence of the presence of hate speech on Instagram. Therefore, further research is required, with well-designed trials, to assess the scope of the antifeminist movement on social media.

ABSTRACT The article explores the transformations of the ideal of the “own house” based on the account of a woman and a man who belong to two generational groups, residing in neighborhoods of Buenos Aires identified with the upper middle classes. The group of the first one is composed of adults who had their first home, becoming independent from their parents, in the last decades of the twentieth century. The second is part of a group of young people who have arrived at their first home in the last five years. It is a pivotal period between the decline of a capitalism focused on stability values attached to traditional institutions and the consolidation of a capitalism characterized by individualization and uncertainty. The article poses the following dilemma: is the weakening of the ideal of the “own house” the result of a process of greater reflexivity and autonomy that gives way to a mobile lifestyle or is it an adaptation to a precarious and changing world?

RESUMEN El artículo explora las transformaciones del ideal del “techo propio” a partir del relato de una mujer y un varón pertenecientes a dos grupos generacionales, residentes en barrios de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires identificados con las clases medias altas. El grupo de la mujer está compuesto por personas adultas que tuvieron su primera vivienda, independizándose de sus padres, en las últimas décadas del siglo pasado. El grupo del varón corresponde a jóvenes que han llegado a la primera vivienda en los últimos cinco años. Se trata de un periodo bisagra entre el ocaso de un capitalismo centrado en valores de estabilidad, con apego a las instituciones tradicionales y el afianzamiento de un capitalismo caracterizado por la individualización e incertidumbre. El artículo plantea el siguiente dilema: ¿el debilitamiento del ideal del techo propio resulta de un proceso de mayor reflexividad y autonomía que da paso a un estilo de vida móvil o resulta una adaptación a un mundo precario y cambiante?

Resumen En el ámbito laboral, algunas condiciones basadas en estereotipos sociales promueven la obstaculización para que una mujer trabajadora acceda a las mismas oportunidades de desarrollo profesional; por ello, el objetivo de este estudio fue crear y validar la Escala Techo de Cristal. Se realizó un estudio empírico instrumental con una muestra no probabilística de 203 mujeres mexicanas, que trabajaban durante la pandemia por COVID-19. El Análisis Factorial Exploratorio y Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio arrojaron valores de índice de ajuste aceptables (NFI = .832, TLI = .900, CFI = .918, y RMSEA = .62) y con un coeficiente de confiabilidad de α = .816. La escala quedó conformada por 15 reactivos en tres factores: Sobrecarga, Techo de Cristal y Balance Familia-Trabajo, siendo el modelo de tres factores la estructura idónea para medir el constructo. Los resultados brindan evidencia de que el instrumento cuenta con las propiedades psicométricas para ser utilizado en la población de estudio y con ello generar diagnósticos confiables que deriven en estrategias organizacionales para visibilizar y de ser posible erradicar este fenómeno.

Abstract In the workplace, some conditions based on social stereotypes hinder a working woman from accessing the same professional development opportunities as a male; therefore, the purpose of this research paper was to create and validate the Glass Ceiling Scale. An instrumental empirical study was carried out with a non-probabilistic sample of 203 Mexican women who worked during the Covid-19 pandemic. The Exploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis yielded acceptable fit index values (NFI = .832, TLI = .900, CFI = .918, and RMSEA= .62) and with a reliability coefficient of α = .816. The scale was made up of 15 items in three factors: Overload, Glass Ceiling and Family-Work Balance, with the three-factor model being the ideal structure to measure the construct. Results show evidence that the scale has the due psychometric properties for use in the study population and thereby generate reliable diagnoses that lead to organizational strategies to make visible and eradicate this phenomenon.

Resumo Quando Campbell fala sobre o caminho do herói, ele o faz no masculino. É natural que esse topos seja ocupado por um herói e não uma heroína. O "trajeto" encontra uma estrutura, uma série de "momentos" que se repetem no caminho de todo herói. Vemos essa estrutura repetida várias vezes na maioria das histórias que nos são contadas desde o início da humanidade até os dias atuais. O interessante da proposta de Campbell e que essa estrutura se repita no nível do inconsciente quando fazemos a passagem entre a infância e a vida adulta. É por isso que todas essas histórias, mitos, que são repetidos de geração em geração, penetram tão profundamente em todos os humanos que compartilham a mesma cultura. Todos nós passamos por esforços e, muitas vezes, com dor, na fase em que buscamos nossa identidade, na qual nos transformamos em um adulto que vai ocupar um lugar na sociedade. Neste trabalho, investigaremos o trabalho de uma cineasta argentina do século XX, María Luisa Bemberg, que através de seu trabalho e prática como roteirista e diretora de cinema questionou alguns valores culturais naturalizados sobre o que é ser mulher. Ele fez isso no assunto de seus filmes, mas também em sua prática profissional. Ela é conhecida como a primeira diretora de cinema argentina. Ela conseguiu ser reconhecida por seu trabalho em um ambiente com uma alta porcentagem de trabalhadores do sexo masculino e, na maioria de seus projetos, apoiouse na produção de outra mulher: Lita Stantic, um lugar que não era comum para uma mulher ocupar. Para isso, trabalharemos em alguns dos estereótipos femininos discutidos em sua filmografia, historizando sua construção.

Resumen Cuando Campbell habla del camino del héroe, lo hace en masculino. Está naturalizado que ese topos esté ocupado por un héroe y no una heroína. El “trayecto” cumple con una estructura, una serie de “momentos” que se repiten en el camino de todo héroe. Esa estructura la vemos repetirse una y otra vez en la mayoría de las historias que se nos narran desde los comienzos de la humanidad a la actualidad. Lo interesante del planteo de Campbell es que esa estructura se repite a nivel del inconsciente cuando hacemos el pasaje entre la niñez y nuestra vida adulta. Es por esto que todas esas historias, mitos, que son repetidos de generación en generación calan tan profundo en todos los humanos que comparten una misma cultura. Todos atravesamos con esfuerzo y muchas veces con dolor esa etapa en la que buscamos nuestra identidad, en que nos transformamos en un adulto que va a ocupar un lugar en la sociedad. En este trabajo vamos indagar sobre el trabajo de una cineasta argentina del siglo XX, María Luisa Bemberg, quien a través de su obra y de su práctica como guionista y directora cinematográfica puso en cuestión algunos valores culturales naturalizados respecto a qué es ser mujer. Lo hizo en la temática de sus films pero también en su práctica profesional. Se la conoce como la primera directora cinematográfica argentina. Logró ser reconocida por su trabajo en un entorno con un alto porcentaje de trabajadores varones y en la mayoría de sus proyectos se apoyó en la producción de otra mujer: Lita Stantic, lugar que tampoco era común que fuera ocupado por una mujer. Para esto vamos a trabajar algunos de los estereotipos femeninos que se discuten en su filmografía, historizando la construcción de los mismos.

Abstract When Campbell talks about the hero's path, he does it in masculine. It is naturalized that this place is occupied by a hero and not a heroine. The "path" means a structure, a series of "moments" that are repeated for every hero. We see this structure repeated over and over again in most of the stories that are told to us from the very beginning of humankind to the present. What`s interesting about Campbell's approach is that this structure is repeated at the level of the unconscious when we make the passage between childhood and our adult life. This is why all those stories, myths, that are told from one generation to another, are so deep in the consciousness of the humans that share the same culture. It´s a path full of effort and sometimes pain to seek identity, and become an adult who is usefull to society. In this paper we will investigate the work of an Argentine filmmaker of the twentieth century, María Luisa Bemberg, who through her work and her practice as a screenwriter and film director called into question some naturalized cultural values regarding what it is to be a woman. She did it in the subject of his films but also in her professional practice. She is known as the first Argentine film director. She managed to be recognized for her work in an environment with a high percentage of male workers and in most of her projects she relied on the production of another woman: Lita Stantic, a place that wasn´t either occupied by women. We are also going to work on some of the female stereotypes that are discussed in her filmography, historizing and contextualizing their construction.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to understand the experience of access to oral health initiatives and services of homeless women in the city of Teresina, Piauí. A qualitative research, guided by the interpretative paradigm, was conducted with homeless women who were under the care of specialized institutions. The data were obtained using semi-structured interviews, which were recorded and transcribed. The analyses of the interviews were based on the hermeneutics of Hans-Georg Gadamer (2015), combined with the contributions of Paul Ricoeur (1976). Thirteen interviews were conducted, identifying two units of meaning: Being-woman and homeless; and Access to oral health initiatives and services. Poor oral health conditions and difficulty in accessing oral health initiatives and services were reported by the participants. Those problems were aggravated by the status of being a woman. The existing health policies should be put into practice and should, additionally, take into account female peculiarities. Although the public health system is available for the oral health care of homeless people, the Street Clinic service would benefit from the participation of an oral health professional. Teresina Piauí research paradigm institutions semistructured semi structured transcribed HansGeorg Hans Georg 2015, 2015 , (2015) 1976. 1976 . (1976) meaning Beingwoman Being woman participants additionally peculiarities people professional 201 (2015 197 (1976 20 (201 19 (197 2 (20 1 (19 (2 (1 (

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender a experiência de acesso a ações e serviços de saúde bucal de mulheres em situação de rua na cidade de Teresina, Piauí. Pesquisa qualitativa, norteada pelo paradigma interpretativo, desenvolvida com mulheres em situação de rua acompanhadas por instituições de referência. Os dados foram obtidos mediante entrevistas semiestruturadas, gravadas e transcritas. As análises foram baseadas na hermenêutica de Hans-Georg Gadamer (2015) associada às contribuições de Paul Ricoeur (1976). Foram realizadas 13 entrevistas, identificando-se duas unidades de significado: Sermulher em situação de rua; e Acesso a ações e serviços de saúde bucal. Diversas problemáticas cruzam as vidas das mulheres em situação de rua, sendo agravadas pela condição de gênero. Precárias condições de saúde bucal e dificuldade de acesso a ações e serviços de saúde bucal foram indicadas nas narrativas. É imperativo que as políticas existentes sejam postas em prática e contemplem as peculiaridades femininas. Apesar de todos os cirurgiões-dentistas da rede serem responsáveis pela atenção à saúde bucal das pessoas em situação de rua, a presença de um membro da saúde bucal dentro da equipe de consultório da rua foi apontada como necessária. Teresina Piauí qualitativa interpretativo referência semiestruturadas transcritas HansGeorg Hans Georg 2015 (2015 1976. 1976 . (1976) 1 identificandose identificando se significado gênero narrativas femininas cirurgiõesdentistas cirurgiões dentistas necessária 201 (201 197 (1976 20 (20 19 (197 2 (2 (19 ( (1