Abstract Parvovirus B19 congenital infection is vertically transmitted after maternal infection. Fetal disease may be serious with anemia, hydrops or death. An IUT may be indicated. It has been described a great increase in number and severity in Europe and USA in 2023-2024. In our Centre we have also noticed this situation which correlates with a much higher number of IUT performed. So, it’s from the uttermost importance to alert health professionals to identify and counsel high risk pregnant women in order to promote primary prevention and early detection of the maternal/fetal infection allowing a quick referral to specialized centres.

Resumo A infeção congénita por PB19 ocorre por transmissão vertical após infeção materna. O efeito fetal pode ser grave com anemia, hidrópsia ou morte e indicada a transfusão intrauterina (TIU). Tem sido descrito um grande aumento da sua incidência e gravidade na Europa e EUA em 2023-2024. Também constatámos essa alteração que se traduziu num aumento do número de TIU realizadas em 2024 no nosso Centro. Pretendemos continuar a sensibilizar profissionais de saúde recomendando medidas que identifiquem grávidas em risco, promovendo a prevenção primária, a deteção precoce da infeção materna e fetal e uma rápida referenciação aos centros especializados.

Resumo Introdução: A epidemic intelligence (EI) assegura a deteção precoce, a avaliação e a comunicação das ameaças para a saúde pública para definir prioridades e mobilizar recursos para a investigação, vigilância, prevenção e controlo. Em Portugal, a Direção-Geral da Saúde (DGS) é responsável pela EI e publica semanalmente um relatório de ameaças para a saúde pública (RONDA) que é partilhado com a rede de autoridades de saúde, instituições e profissionais de saúde pública. As alterações nas ameaças comunicadas em relatórios periódicos de ameaças desde a COVID-19 não foram descritas anteriormente. Métodos: Comparámos as ameaças reportadas na RONDA entre 2016 a 2022 em três períodos sequenciais: antes da COVID-19 (janeiro de 2016 - março de 2020), P2 durante as restrições (abril de 2020 - fevereiro de 2022) e P3 na fase pós-aguda da COVID-19 (fevereiro de 2022 - setembro de 2022). Comparamos a frequência média mensal de ameaças não COVID-19 relatadas entre todas as ameaças relatadas nesses períodos, considerando diferentes categorias dentro do grupo de doenças, foco geográfico e fontes de informação. Resultados: As ameaças não-COVID-19 tiveram uma diminuição na frequência média mensal de reporte no Período2 (14,7 vs. 2,3 p < 0.001) em comparação com o Período1, antes da COVID-19. Houve um retorno ao padrão pré-pandêmico de notificação no Período 3 (14,67 vs. 17,63 p < 0.208) para ameaças não COVID-19 com um aumento nas doenças virais emergentes (2,20 vs. 7,62 p < 0.001). O ECDC e a OMS são as fontes de informação mais frequentes, seguidas das fontes nacionais de saúde pública. Conclusões: Durante a COVID-19, houve alterações no reporte de ameaças em Portugal. A COVID-19 possivelmente afetou a EI e os relatórios de ameaças epidémicas globais, possivelmente desviando a atenção e os recursos de outras ameaças para a pandemia. No entanto, a quantidade de ameaças que justificam o acompanhamento e a comunicação pode estar a aumentar. É necessária investigação em comunicação de ameaças detetadas no âmbito da EI a fim de assegurar que todas as ameaças relevantes são avaliadas e comunicadas de acordo com os objetivos da EI, garantindo simultaneamente o investimento em recursos e a preparação para a prevenção e resposta.

Abstract Background: Epidemic intelligence (EI) ensures early detection, assessment, and communication of public health threats. Threat reporting defines priorities and mobilize resources for surveillance, prevention, and control. In Portugal, the Directorate-General of Health (DGS) is responsible for EI and publishes a weekly public health threat report (RONDA). Changes in threats in regular threat reports since COVID-19 have not been previously described. We analysed changes in non-COVID threat reporting in the weekly threat report. Methods: Using the DGS Emergency Operations Centre’s threat reporting database, we compared threats reported in RONDAs from 2016 to 2022 in three sequential periods: P1 before COVID-19 (January 2016-March 2020), P2 during acute COVID-19 restrictions (April 2020-February 2022), and P3 in post-acute COVID-19 phase (February 2022-September 2022). We described the monthly average frequency of reports on non-COVID-19 threats in those periods considering different disease groups, geographical focus, and information sources. We estimated expected non-COVID-19 reports on threats using a forecast model fitted to the time series until March 2020 and compared observed and expected values. Results: Non-COVID-19 threats had a decrease in the monthly average frequency of reporting in period 2 (14,7 vs. 2,3 p < 0.001) compared to period 1. Using the forecast methods, there were 114 fewer non-COVID threats than the 162 expected (−70%) in period 2. In period 3, there were 105 more threats than expected (+256%). The ECDC and the WHO were the most frequent sources of information followed by national Public Health sources. Conclusions: During COVID-19, there was a decrease in reports on non-COVID threats in Portugal. COVID-19 possibly affected global EI, by shifting attention and resources from other threats to the pandemic. However, the number of threats that warrant follow-up and communication is increasing. Further research is necessary to inform the EI research and development agenda, to ensure that all relevant threats are detected, accessed, and communicated according to evolving EI objectives and priorities while resources and preparedness are guaranteed.

The resurgence of monkeypox, subsequent to its designation as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern by the World Health Organization in 2022, underscores the critical need for rigorous infection control protocols within dental settings. Due to the inherent nature of dental procedures, that involve working in close proximity to patients and potential exposure to infectious bodily fluids, the dental profession faces significant challenges in mitigating the transmission of mpox. This update provides a comprehensive review of the virological characteristics, transmission pathways, and clinical presentation of mpox, with particular emphasis on its oral manifestations and the implications for dental practitioners. It delineates both standard and enhanced infection control measures, including the application of personal protective equipment, stringent hand hygiene practices, meticulous environmental disinfection, and the prudent management of aerosol-generating procedures. Additionally, is addresses the importance of patient screening, isolation of suspected cases, and the education of both dental staff and patients regarding the transmission and prevention of mpox. The necessity for dental professionals to maintain vigilance, remain current with evolving guidelines, and implement comprehensive infection control strategies is emphasized, highlighting the pivotal role of dental practices in the early detection and control of mpox transmission during the ongoing outbreak.

Resumo O objetivo do trabalho consiste em avaliar o desempenho de serviços de atenção primária à saúde (APS) do estado de São Paulo para prevenção, detecção e assistência à deficiência. Realizou-se uma pesquisa avaliativa em 2.739 serviços de saúde em 514 municípios com 128 indicadores da qualidade organizacional do instrumento QualiAB referentes à dimensão avaliativa “Atenção à deficiência em serviços de atenção primária à saúde”. Foram utilizadas medidas de desempenho e associações entre os escores de cada domínio e variáveis independentes sobre planejamento, avaliação em saúde e rede de apoio, por meio de regressão linear múltipla. O percentual de desempenho para a dimensão foi de 61,6%, para o domínio estrutura (insumos e recursos humanos), 73,6%, para qualificação da atenção ao pré-natal, 68,7%, qualificação da atenção à saúde da criança, 56,1%, prevenção de incapacidades relacionadas a condições crônicas, 55,8%, e atenção à pessoa com deficiência e ao cuidador, 53,9%. Houve associação significativa com variáveis relacionadas ao tipo de serviço e de participação em avaliações de serviços. Os serviços de APS ainda realizam ações incipientes para prevenção, vigilância e diagnóstico das deficiências, assim como para a atenção integral a pessoas com deficiência.

Abstract The objective of this study was to assess the performance of primary health care (PHC) services for disability prevention, detection and assistance in the state of São Paulo. The study included 2739 health services, from 514 municipalities. 128 organizational quality indicators of the QualiAB instrument referring to the evaluative dimension “Attention to disability in primary health care services”. The association of health care performance score of each domain with independent variables, health assessment, and support network were tested using of multiple linear regression. The performance percentage was 61.6% for all domains, 73.6% for structure (inputs and human resources), 68.7% for qualification of prenatal care, 56.1% for qualification of child health care, 55.8% for prevention of disabilities related to chronic conditions, and 53.9% for attention to people with disabilities and caregivers. There was a significant association with variables related to the type of service and participation in service evaluations. PHC services still perform incipient actions for the prevention, surveillance and diagnosis of disabilities as well as for comprehensive care for people with disabilities.

Resumo O objetivo do trabalho consiste em avaliar o desempenho de serviços de atenção primária à saúde (APS) do estado de São Paulo para prevenção, detecção e assistência à deficiência. Realizou-se uma pesquisa avaliativa em 2.739 serviços de saúde em 514 municípios com 128 indicadores da qualidade organizacional do instrumento QualiAB referentes à dimensão avaliativa “Atenção à deficiência em serviços de atenção primária à saúde”. Foram utilizadas medidas de desempenho e associações entre os escores de cada domínio e variáveis independentes sobre planejamento, avaliação em saúde e rede de apoio, por meio de regressão linear múltipla. O percentual de desempenho para a dimensão foi de 61,6%, para o domínio estrutura (insumos e recursos humanos), 73,6%, para qualificação da atenção ao pré-natal, 68,7%, qualificação da atenção à saúde da criança, 56,1%, prevenção de incapacidades relacionadas a condições crônicas, 55,8%, e atenção à pessoa com deficiência e ao cuidador, 53,9%. Houve associação significativa com variáveis relacionadas ao tipo de serviço e de participação em avaliações de serviços. Os serviços de APS ainda realizam ações incipientes para prevenção, vigilância e diagnóstico das deficiências, assim como para a atenção integral a pessoas com deficiência. (APS Realizouse Realizou se 2739 2 739 2.73 51 12 Atenção saúde. . saúde” planejamento apoio múltipla 616 61 6 61,6% insumos humanos, humanos , humanos) 736 73 73,6% prénatal, prénatal pré natal, natal pré-natal 687 68 7 68,7% criança 561 56 1 56,1% crônicas 558 55 8 55,8% cuidador 539 53 9 53,9% deficiências 273 2.7 5 61,6 73,6 68,7 56,1 55,8 53,9 27 2. 61, 73, 68, 56, 55, 53,

Abstract The objective of this study was to assess the performance of primary health care (PHC) services for disability prevention, detection and assistance in the state of São Paulo. The study included 2739 health services, from 514 municipalities. 128 organizational quality indicators of the QualiAB instrument referring to the evaluative dimension “Attention to disability in primary health care services”. The association of health care performance score of each domain with independent variables, health assessment, and support network were tested using of multiple linear regression. The performance percentage was 61.6% for all domains, 73.6% for structure (inputs and human resources), 68.7% for qualification of prenatal care, 56.1% for qualification of child health care, 55.8% for prevention of disabilities related to chronic conditions, and 53.9% for attention to people with disabilities and caregivers. There was a significant association with variables related to the type of service and participation in service evaluations. PHC services still perform incipient actions for the prevention, surveillance and diagnosis of disabilities as well as for comprehensive care for people with disabilities. (PHC Paulo 273 51 municipalities 12 Attention services. . services” assessment regression 616 61 6 61.6 domains 736 73 73.6 inputs resources, resources , resources) 687 68 7 68.7 561 56 1 56.1 558 55 8 55.8 conditions 539 53 9 53.9 caregivers evaluations 27 5 61. 73. 68. 56. 55. 53. 2

HIV/AIDS remains one of the world's most significant public health and economic challenges, with approximately 36 million people currently living with the disease. Considerable progress has been made to reduce the impact of HIV/AIDS in the past years through successful multiple HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment interventions. However, barriers such as lack of engagement, limited availability of early HIV-infection detection tools, high rates of HIV/sexually transmitted infections (STIs), barriers to access antiretroviral therapy, lack of innovative resource optimisation and distribution strategies, and poor prevention services for vulnerable populations still exist and substantially affect the attainment of the UNAIDS 95-95-95 targets. A rapid review was conducted from 24 October 2022 to 5 November 2022. Literature searches were conducted in different prominent and reputable electronic database repositories including PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, and Springer. The study used various search keywords to search for relevant publications. From a list of collected publications, researchers used inclusion and exclusion criteria to screen and select relevant papers for inclusion in this review. This study unpacks emerging opportunities that can be explored by applying machine learning techniques to further knowledge and understanding about HIV service design, prediction, implementation, and evaluation. Therefore, there is a need to explore innovative and more effective analytic strategies including machine learning approaches to understand and improve HIV service design, planning, implementation, and evaluation to strengthen HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment, and awareness strategies.

Abstract Syphilis is a systemic disease with an increasing incidence in adolescents and young adults. Clinical manifestations can be variable and diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion, as syphilis can mimic other systemic diseases. Condylomata lata is a highly infectious manifestation of secondary syphilis, reported in 9-44% of cases. Here is reported the case of an adolescent girl who presented with inguinal lymphadenopathies, urinary and constitutional symptoms, and a history of unprotected sex with her boyfriend, who had been previously diagnosed with a genital ulcer. A complete physical examination was performed, and the detection of an anal lesion raised the hypothesis of perianal condylomata lata as a manifestation of secondary syphilis. All signs and symptoms of infection resolved with treatment. Early detection, appropriate treatment, and prevention of transmission are essential to reduce the burden of the disease.

Resumo A sífilis é uma doença sistémica com incidência crescente em adolescentes e jovens adultos. As manifestações clínicas são variáveis e o diagnóstico requer um elevado índice de suspeição, uma vez que a sífilis pode ser confundida com outras doenças sistémicas. O condiloma lata é uma manifestação de sífilis secundária, altamente infeciosa, reportada em 9-44% dos casos. É descrito o caso de uma adolescente que se apresentou com adenopatias, sintomas urinários e constitucionais e uma história de relações sexuais desprotegidas com o namorado, que tinha sido previamente diagnosticado com úlcera genital. Foi realizado um exame físico completo, que conduziu à deteção de uma lesão anal que motivou a suspeita de condiloma lata perianal como manifestação de sífilis secundária. Todos os sinais e sintomas da infeção resolveram-se com o tratamento. Identificação precoce, tratamento adequado e prevenção da transmissão são medidas essenciais para minimizar o ónus da doença.

RESUMEN El cáncer cérvico-uterino, o carcinoma del cuello uterino, es una enfermedad que ha provocado gran impacto en todas las esferas sociales contribuyendo a las altas tasas de morbilidad y mortalidad en el mundo entero, incluye las neoplasias malignas que se desarrollan en la porción fibromuscular inferior del útero. Es una enfermedad que es prevenible si las mujeres se realizan los chequeos oportunos. La parte más importante de un chequeo ginecológico es la prevención que nos permite dar tratamientos oportunos y tener manejos profilácticos para evitar lesiones malignas causadas por el virus de papiloma humano. En este sentido, la colposcopia continúa siendo importante en la detección oportuna de factores de riesgo y de lesiones que pudieran malignizarse. El propósito de este trabajo es reflexionar sobre la importancia de la colposcopia y mostrar algunos resultados de esta prueba en mujeres del municipio de Cumanayagua, en la provincia de Cienfuegos, Cuba.

ABSTRACT Cervical cancer, or carcinoma of the cervix, is a disease that has caused great impact in all social spheres, contributing to the high rates of morbidity and mortality throughout the world, including malignant neoplasms that develop in the lower fibromuscular portion of the uterus. It is a disease that is preventable if women undergo timely check-ups. The most important part of a gynecological check-up is prevention, which allows us to give timely treatments and have prophylactic management to avoid malignant lesions caused by the human papillomavirus. In this sense, colposcopy continues to be important in the timely detection of risk factors and lesions that could become malignant. The purpose of this work is to reflect on the importance of colposcopy and show some results of this test in women from the municipality of Cumanayagua, in the province of Cienfuegos, Cuba.

Abstract Objective: To identify the scientific evidence related to the influence of self-esteem on adolescent cannabis use. Materials and method: During the period of february-april 2022, an integrative review of the scientific literature published in the last ten years (2012-2022) was carried out. The sixstep methodology proposed by Toronto and Remington was used in the BVS, PubMed, TRIP and Dialnet search engines, as well as in the Redalyc, Cochrane, EBSCOhost, Web of Science and CUIDEN databases. A total of 1,491 articles were found, when applying inclusion and elimination criteria, a total of ten quantitative studies were considered in the final sample. Results: It was found that adolescents with low self-esteem are prone to influences that encourage the initiation of cannabis use. When considered as a positive attitude of the person towards himself, it favors the feeling of security and regulates behavior through a process of self-evaluation, so that it enables adolescents to adapt to their environment. In this sense, three main categories were observed: moderator variable in cannabis use; predictor variable of cannabis use; and intervention component. Conclusions: The protective and predictive role of self-esteem for cannabis use in adolescents was demonstrated, likewise, early detection and interventions aimed at improving skills for the regulation of emotions influenced by cognitive factors are effective in the promotion and prevention of cannabis use in adolescents.

Resumen Objetivo: Identificar la evidencia científica relacionada con la influencia que tiene la autoestima en el consumo de cannabis de los adolescentes. Materiales y método: Durante el periodo de febrero-abril de 2022 se realizó una revisión integrativa de la literatura científica publicada en los últimos diez años (2012-2022). Se utilizó la metodología de seis pasos propuesta por Toronto y Remington en los motores de búsqueda de la BVS, PubMed, TRIP y Dialnet, así como, en las bases de datos de Redalyc, Cochrane, EBSCOhost, Web of Science y CUIDEN. Se encontraron un total de 1,491 artículos, al aplicar criterios de inclusión y eliminación se contemplaron un total de diez estudios cuantitativos en la muestra final. Resultados: Se encontró que los adolescentes con baja autoestima están propensos a influencias que fomentan el inicio de consumo de cannabis. Al considerarse como una actitud positiva de la persona hacia sí misma, favorece el sentimiento de seguridad y regula la conducta mediante un proceso de autoevaluación, de modo que posibilita la adecuación de los adolescentes a su entorno. En este sentido se observaron tres categorías principales: variable moderadora en el consumo de cannabis; variable predictora del consumo de cannabis; y componente de intervención. Conclusiones: Se demostró el papel protector y predictivo de la autoestima para el consumo de cannabis en los adolescentes, asimismo, la detección temprana y las intervenciones dirigidas a mejorar las habilidades para la regulación de emociones influenciadas por factores cognitivos son efectivas en la promoción y prevención de consumo de cannabis en el adolescente.

ABSTRACT Carrying out a process of quality educational inclusion in today's societies constitutes a challenge that starts from fighting discriminatory ways of exclusion in different contexts and for dissimilar causes, in which risk factors concur in parallel, the lack of preparation of those involved in the search for solutions and the assimilation of the students before the aid. In this sense the article presents a study about the preparation of provincial education methodologists for the care of students in vulnerable situations from an inclusive approach. Theoretical methods such as historical-logical analysis, induction-deduction and analysis-synthesis were used in its elaboration; empirical methods such as documentary analysis, interview and observation of methodological activities; and statistical techniques such as percentage analysis. Among the main limitations found were the insufficiencies in the projection of inclusive socio-educational practices from the methodological work system of the Provincial Directorate of Education; currently, there is no harmoniously designed system that allows converting educational systems in response to the diversity of learners and making the right to education with equal opportunities truly practical, especially those who are sometimes excluded due to being in a situation of vulnerability. It was possible to conclude that methodologists play a fundamental role in directing the process of prevention, detection, stimulation, diagnosis/evaluation and early intervention of students with barriers to learning and social participation.

RESUMEN Llevar a cabo un proceso de inclusión educativa de calidad en las sociedades actuales constituye un reto que parte de pugnar maneras discriminatorias de exclusión en diferentes contextos y por disímiles causas, en las que concurren paralelamente los factores de riesgos, la falta de preparación de los implicados en la búsqueda de soluciones y la asimilación de los educandos ante la ayuda. En tal sentido, el artículo presenta un estudio acerca de la preparación de los metodólogos provinciales de educación para la atención a educandos en situación de vulnerabilidad desde un enfoque inclusivo. Se emplearon en su elaboración métodos teóricos como el análisis histórico-lógico, la inducción-deducción y el análisis-síntesis; métodos empíricos como el análisis documental, la entrevista y la observación a actividades metodológicas; y técnicas estadísticas como el análisis porcentual. Entre las principales limitaciones encontradas estuvieron las insuficiencias en la proyección de prácticas socioeducativas inclusivas desde el sistema de trabajo metodológico de la Dirección Provincial de Educación. Actualmente, no existe un sistema armónicamente diseñado que permita convertir los sistemas educativos en respuesta a la diversidad de educandos y hacer verdaderamente práctico el derecho a la educación con igualdad de oportunidades, en especial para aquellos que por estar en situación de vulnerabilidad en ocasiones son excluidos. Se pudo concluir que los metodólogos juegan un papel fundamental en la dirección del proceso de prevención, detección, estimulación, diagnóstico/evaluación e intervención temprana de educandos con barreras para el aprendizaje y la participación social.

RESUMO Levar a cabo um processo de inclusão educativa de qualidade nas sociedades atuais constitui um desafio que parte do combate às formas discriminatórias de exclusão em contextos diversos e por causas díspares, em que concorrem em paralelo fatores de risco, a falta de preparação dos envolvidos na procura de soluções e a assimilação dos alunos perante a ajuda. Nesse sentido, o artigo apresenta um estudo sobre a preparação de metodólogos provinciais de educação para a atenção de alunos em situação de vulnerabilidade a partir de um enfoque inclusivo. Métodos teóricos como análise histórico-lógica, indução-dedução e análise-síntese foram utilizados em sua elaboração; métodos empíricos como análise documental, entrevistas e observação de atividades metodológicas; e técnicas estatísticas, como análise de porcentagem. Entre as principais limitações encontradas encontram-se as insuficiências na projeção de práticas socioeducativas inclusivas a partir do sistema metodológico de trabalho da Direcção Provincial de Educação; atualmente, não existe um sistema pensado harmoniosamente que permita converter os sistemas educativos em resposta à diversidade dos educandos e tornar verdadeiramente prático o direito à educação com igualdade de oportunidades, especialmente aqueles que por vezes são excluídos por se encontrarem em situação de vulnerabilidade. Foi possível concluir que os metodólogos desempenham um papel fundamental no direcionamento do processo de prevenção, detecção, estimulação, diagnóstico/avaliação e intervenção precoce de alunos com barreiras à aprendizagem e à participação social.

Abstract Introduction Pregnancy, being a situation of vulnerability and with its inherent changes, places women at a great risk of depression. In Mexico, the prevalence of probable depression in pregnant women treated at the Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, was 17.8%, assessed using the Edinburgh Perinatal Depression Scale (EPDS). To date, there are no data regarding this issue in Sonora. Objective To determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms in pregnant women treated at the Hospital Infantil del Estado de Sonora (México). Method An observational, descriptive, transversal, and prospective study was conducted in 2021, applying the EPDS in 168 2nd/3rd trimester pregnant women, selected by non-probabilistic sampling by consecutive cases. Sociodemographic variables, pathological/non-pathological, gynecological, and obstetrical personal history were explored. The analysis was performed using measures of central tendency and dispersion for quantitative variables; for qualitative variables, frequency and percentage; χ2 test to assess differences in distribution of depressive symptomatology by age and the rest of variables. Results A global prevalence of “probable depression” of 14.3% was determined. The majority, within 20-29 age group, with a partner and a planned/desired pregnancy. High school educational level, 50%. History of intimate partner violence, 54.2%. Almost 40%, primigravida. Substance use, denied. Overweight/obesity, in 70%. Discussion and conclusion There is a high prevalence of depressive symptoms during pregnancy, going unnoticed for reasons such as insufficient knowledge (patient/health care providers), since there is no routine screening. It is imperative to work on prevention, detection and treatment, since it entails multiple consequences at a binomial, family, and social level.

Resumen Introducción El embarazo, al ser una situación de vulnerabilidad y los cambios que conlleva, ubica a las mujeres en mayor riesgo de padecer depresión. En México, la prevalencia de probable depresión en embarazadas en el Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, fue del 17.8%, mediante la Escala de Depresión Perinatal de Edimburgo (EPDS). Hasta hoy, no se cuenta con datos en Sonora sobre este problema. Objetivo Determinar la prevalencia de sintomatología depresiva en embarazadas atendidas en el Hospital Infantil del Estado de Sonora (México). Método Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal y prospectivo en 2021, utilizando la EPDS en 168 embarazadas cursando 2o/3er trimestre, seleccionadas por muestreo no probabilístico por casos consecutivos. Se exploraron variables sociodemográficas, antecedentes patológicos/no patológicos y ginecoobstétricos. El análisis se realizó mediante medidas de tendencia central y dispersión para variables cuantitativas; para cualitativas, frecuencia y porcentaje; prueba de χ2 para evaluar diferencias en distribución de sintomatología depresiva por edad y resto de variables. Resultados Se determinó prevalencia global de “probable depresión” de 14.3%. La mayoría, grupo etario 20-29 años, con pareja y embarazo planeado/deseado. Escolaridad preparatoria, 50%. Antecedente de violencia de pareja, 54.2%. Casi 40%, primigestas. Consumo de sustancias, negado. Sobrepeso/obesidad, en 70%. Discusión y conclusión Existe una alta prevalencia de sintomatología depresiva durante el embarazo, pasando desapercibida por motivos como conocimiento insuficiente (paciente y proveedores de salud), pues no se cuenta con un tamizaje rutinario. Es apremiante trabajar en prevención, detección y tratamiento, ya que conlleva múltiples consecuencias a nivel binomio, familiar y social.

Abstract Gomphrena celosioides, popularly known as perpétua, perpétua brava, bachelor´s button and prostate globe amarahth, is used for the treatment of urinary tract disorders, kidney stones, for skin diseases, infectious diseases, gastrointestinal and respiratory conditions. Rich in phenolic acids and flavonoids, this plant has therefore a potential for use in cancer prevention. Given the above, the present research aimed to evaluate the carcinogenic effect of the ethanolic extract of G. celosioides (EEGc) in an alternative model of Drosophila melanogaster and the genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects in Swiss mice. The larval survival test and the detection of epithelial tumor clones were performed in D. melanogaster. The tested EEGc concentrations were 0.96, 1.92, 3.85 and 7.70 mg/mL. In Swiss mice, the genotoxicity and antigenotoxicity of doses of 100, 1,000 and 2,000 mg/Kg were evaluated. The results showed that EEGc at a concentration of 7.70 mg/mL reduced (p<0.05) larval survival. However, EEGc was not carcinogenic, and the lowest concentration (0.96 mg/mL) prevented (p<0.05) the basal occurrence of epithelial tumors. In mice, EEGc at the highest dose (2,000mg/Kg) increased the frequency of genomic lesions (p<0.05). Yet, none of the doses caused chromosomal lesions (p>0.05). When associated with cyclophosphamide, EEGc was antigenotoxic (p<0.05). The percentages of reduction of genomic damage ranged from 33.39 to 63.23% and of chromosomal damage from 20.00 to 77.19%. In view of the above, it is suggested that EEGc is not carcinogenic, has an antigenotoxic effect and chemopreventive properties. brava bachelors bachelor s amarahth disorders stones diseases conditions flavonoids prevention above G (EEGc mice D 096 0 96 0.96 192 1 92 1.92 385 3 85 3.8 770 7 70 7.7 mgmL mg mL 100 1000 000 1,00 2000 2 2,00 mgKg Kg evaluated p<0.05 p005 p 05 (p<0.05 However (0.9 tumors 2,000mg/Kg 2000mgKg 000mg (2,000mg/Kg p<0.05. . Yet p>0.05. p>0.05 (p>0.05) cyclophosphamide 3339 33 39 33.3 6323 63 23 63.23 20 00 20.0 7719 77 19 77.19% properties 09 9 0.9 1.9 38 8 3. 7. 10 1,0 200 2,0 p<0.0 p00 (p<0.0 (0. p>0.0 (p>0.05 333 33. 632 6 63.2 20. 771 77.19 0. 1. 1, 2, p<0. p0 (p<0. (0 p>0. (p>0.0 63. 77.1 p<0 (p<0 ( p>0 (p>0. 77. p< (p< p> (p>0 (p (p>

Resumo Gomphrena celosioides, conhecida popularmente por perpétua, perpétua brava, bachelor´s button e prostate globe amarahth, é utilizada na medicina popular para o tratamento de distúrbios do trato urinário e pedra nos rins e para doenças de pele, infecciosas, gastrointestinais e respiratórias. Essa planta é rica em ácidos fenólicos e flavonóides e, portanto, tem potencial para uso na prevenção de câncer. Frente ao exposto, a presente pesquisa teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito carcinogênico do extrato etanólico de G. celosioides (EEGc) em modelo alternativo de Drosophila melanogaster e os efeitos genotóxicos e antigenotóxicos em camundongos Swiss. Em D. melanogaster foi realizado o teste de sobrevivência larval e para a detecção de clones de tumores epiteliais. As concentrações testadas do EEGc foram de 0,96, 1,92, 3,85 e 7,70 mg/mL. Em camundongos Swiss avaliou-se a genotoxicidade e antigenotoxicidade das doses de 100, 1.000 e 2.000 mg/Kg. Os resultados demonstraram que o EEGc na concentração de 7,70 mg/mL reduziu (p<0,05) a sobrevivência larval. No entanto, o EEGc não é carcinogênico e a menor concentração (0,96 mg/mL) preveniu (p<0,05) a ocorrência basal de tumores epiteliais. Nos camundongos o EEGc na maior dose (2.000mg/Kg) aumentou a frequência de lesões genômicas (p<0,05). Porém, nenhuma das doses causou lesões cromossômicas (p>0,05). Quando associado à ciclofosfamida o EEGc foi antigenotóxico (p<0,05). As porcentagens de redução de danos genômicos variaram de 33,39 a 63,23% e de danos cromossômicos de 20,00 a 77,19%. Frente ao exposto, sugere-se que o EEGc não é carcinogênico, tem efeito antigenotóxico e propriedade quimiopreventiva. brava bachelors bachelor s amarahth pele infecciosas respiratórias portanto câncer exposto G (EEGc D epiteliais 096 0 96 0,96 192 1 92 1,92 385 3 85 3,8 770 7 70 7,7 mgmL mg mL avaliouse avaliou se 100 1000 000 1.00 2000 2 2.00 mgKg Kg mg/Kg p<0,05 p005 p 05 (p<0,05 entanto (0,9 2.000mg/Kg 2000mgKg 000mg (2.000mg/Kg p<0,05. . Porém p>0,05. p>0,05 (p>0,05) 3339 33 39 33,3 6323 63 23 63,23 20 00 20,0 7719 77 19 77,19% sugerese sugere quimiopreventiva 09 9 0,9 1,9 38 8 3, 7, 10 1.0 200 2.0 p<0,0 p00 (p<0,0 (0, p>0,0 (p>0,05 333 33, 632 6 63,2 20, 771 77,19 0, 1, 1. 2. p<0, p0 (p<0, (0 p>0, (p>0,0 63, 77,1 p<0 (p<0 ( p>0 (p>0, 77, p< (p< p> (p>0 (p (p>

Resumen Introducción : Es fundamental poner en práctica ac ciones preventivas y de diagnóstico poblacional precoz para detectar a las personas en riesgo de desarrollar Diabetes tipo 2 (DT2). El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar el desempeño del score FINDRISC como método de cri bado para detectar prediabetes y DT2 sin diagnostico en trabajadores municipales. Métodos : Estudio epidemiológico, descriptivo de corte transversal desde 10/21 al 3/22. Ingresaron voluntarios mayores a 18 años sin diagnóstico previo de DT2, se excluyó quienes padecían una enfermedad aguda, emba razadas o que realizaban tratamiento con medicamentos que modifiquen la glucemia. Los participantes comple taron el FINDRISC y realizaron una Prueba Oral de Tole rancia a la Glucosa (POTG). El desempeño se determinó mediante el cálculo de la sensibilidad (S), especificidad (E), y el área bajo la curva (AUC-ROC). Se utilizó un índice de Youden para definir el punto de corte óptimo. Resultados : Ingresaron 148 personas, entre 18-67 años, con media de edad 42.9 ± 11.8 años, el 68.9% de sexo masculino. La frecuencia de DT2 sin diagnóstico fue del 3.3% (n = 5) y de prediabetes del 12.2% (n = 18). El promedio de puntos de FINDRISC fue de 10.0 ± 4.8. El punto de corte optimo fue ≥ 13 (S = 65.2% y E = 74.4%) y el AUC-ROC 0.76 (IC95%: 0.66-0.86). Conclusión : El FINDRISC demostró ser un método eficaz para identificar personas con DT2 y prediabetes con punto de corte 13 en la población, lugar y periodo de estudio.

Abstract Introduction : It is fundamental to put into practice preventive and early population diagnosis actions to detect people at risk for developing Type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of this study was to evaluate the FINDRISC score performance as screening method to detect prediabetes and unknown T2D in municipal workers. Methods : descriptive epidemiological and cross-sectional study from 10/21 to 03/22. People suffering from a severe illness, pregnant or were already receiv ing drugs that modify blood glucose, were excluded. Participants completed the FINDRISC and performed an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The performance of the FINDRISC was determined by calculating sensitiv ity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC-ROC). The Youden’s J statistic index was used to define the optimal cutoff point. Results : 148 subjects between the ages of 18-65 were admitted, with a mean age of 42,9 ± 11,8, the 69% being males. The frequency of unknown T2D was of 3.3% (n = 5) and frequency of prediabetes was of 12.2% (n = 18). The mean of FINDRISC score was of 10.0 ± 4.8. The optimal cutoff point was ≥ 13 (sensitiv ity = 65.2%, Specificity = 74.4%) and the AUC-ROC 0.76 (IC95%: 0.66-0.86). Conclusion : The FINDRISC proved to be an effective method for identifying people with undiagnosed T2D and prediabetes with a cut-off point of 13 in the popula tion, place, and study period.

Abstract Background: Arboviral diseases are a group of infectious diseases caused by viruses transmitted by arthropods, mainly mosquitoes. These diseases, such as those caused by the dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV), chikungunya (CHIKV), and yellow fever (YFV) viruses, have a significant impact worldwide. In this context, entomological surveillance plays a crucial role in the control and prevention of arboviruses by providing essential information on the presence, distribution, and activity of vector mosquitoes. Based on entomological surveillance, transovarian transmission provides information regarding the maintenance and dissemination of arboviruses. The objective of this study was to detect these arboviruses in Goiânia, Goiás, and analyze the occurrence of transovarian transmission. Methods: Aedes aegypti eggs were collected from different regions of Goiânia and cultivated under controlled laboratory conditions until the emergence of adult mosquitoes. Adult females were grouped into pools containing their heads and thoraxes. These pools were subsequently evaluated using reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assay. Results: A total of 157 pools (N=1570) were analyzed, with two pools testing positive for CHIKV and one pool testing positive for ZIKV, indicating that the offspring resulting from transovarian transmission are potentially infectious. Conclusions: In summary, the demonstration of the vertical transmission mechanisms of CHIKV and ZIKV in A. aegypti serves as an alert to health authorities, as these diseases are still underreported, and their primary urban vector has likely acquired this capacity, contributing to the dissemination of these infections. Background arthropods mosquitoes DENV, DENV , (DENV) (ZIKV) CHIKV, (CHIKV) YFV (YFV worldwide context presence distribution Goiás Methods thoraxes reversetranscription reverse transcription RTqPCR RT qPCR (RT-qPCR assay Results 15 N=1570 N1570 N 1570 (N=1570 analyzed Conclusions summary authorities underreported capacity infections (DENV (ZIKV (CHIKV 1 N=157 N157 (N=157 N=15 N15 (N=15 N=1 N1 (N=1 N= (N= (N

Abstract Background Entrapment is the feeling of wanting to leave an unbearable situation but believing that there are no options to do so. An Arabic entrapment Scale will assist healthcare professionals in the region in the prevention of suicide as the tool is tailored to the specific sociocultural context, which would enhance entrapment detection. Objective In the current study, we aim to evaluate the psychometric properties of a translated Arabic version of the Entrapment Scale Short Form (E-SF). Methods Three hundred eighty-nine Lebanese citizens were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Results The mean age of participants was 23.03 years (SD = 2.93), 69.4% being women. To examine the factor structure of the entrapment scale, we used an exploratory-to-confirmatory factor analysis (EFA-to-CFA) strategy. EFA and CFA results indicated that the fit of the unidimensional model of the Arabic Entrapment Scale (A-ES) was generally acceptable. Composite reliability of scores was adequate in the total sample (ω = .87). All indices suggested that configural, metric, and scalar invariance was supported across genders. Entrapment was positively and significantly correlated with suicidal ideation, alcohol use disorder, psychological distress, and orthorexia nervosa, suggesting convergent and divergent validity. Conclusion The A-ES was found to be a valid and reliable tool to assess the degree of entrapment in Lebanese young adults. The A-ES will assist healthcare professionals in the region in the prevention of suicide as the tool is tailored to the specific sociocultural context, which would enhance entrapment detection. so context detection study ESF. ESF E SF . (E-SF) eightynine eighty nine crosssectional cross sectional 2303 23 03 23.0 SD 2.93, 293 2.93 , 2 93 2.93) 694 69 4 69.4 women scale exploratorytoconfirmatory exploratory confirmatory EFAtoCFA (EFA-to-CFA strategy AES A ES (A-ES acceptable ω .87. 87 .87 .87) configural metric genders ideation disorder distress nervosa validity adults (E-SF 230 0 23. 29 2.9 9 6 69. 8 .8 2.