ABSTRACT Introduction: the postgraduate educational climate (CE) in the hospital environment can determine the way in which resident physicians (MRs) adapt to their new stage, during which professional burnout syndrome (PAS) is highly likely to occur at some point. Objective: to determine the relationship between the educational climate and professional burnout in physicians in the medical residency programs of the National Hospital 2023-2024. Methodology: cross-sectional observational study of a sample of MR convenience of both sexes from all medical specialties of the National Hospital between November 2023 and January 2024, MR with external rotation and/or vacations were excluded. Sample calculation; 136 MR. An online form from Google was sent to the MR email requesting voluntary participation. The SAP was measured with the standard Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) method with subscales; emotional exhaustion (EA), depersonalization (DESP), personal fulfillment (PR), with PAS with high scores of AE, DESP and low RP. The EC was assessed with the measure of the hospital postgraduate educational environment (PHEEM) with subscales; perception of role autonomy (PAR), perception of teaching (PE), perception of social support (PSS), the higher the score, the better the EC. Demographic and academic variables, MBI and PHEEM scores were collected, and the SAP was considered dependent, as the main result was the predictive relationship of the PHEEM on the SAP. Data were compared with χ², t-test or Mann-Whitney U, ANOVA and linear regression (p-significant value =<0.05). Results: of 233 participants, the mean age was 28.75 (±2.20), 63.94 % (149) women, the general prevalence of PAS; 70.38 % (164/233), PAS in men 75 % (63/84) and women 67.78 % (101/149) p=0.0014, the first 2 years with the highest frequency of PAS; 65 (85.52 %), 59 (86.76 %) respectively p=0.0009, 63 (90 %) p=0.0071 surgical specialties. The subscales of the MBI, the AE; 79.82 % (186) with an average of 35.39 (± 11.61) points. The CE of MRs with SAP; 107.9 (19.6) dots and without PAS; 136.3 (12.1) dots 95 % CI 18.1-25.0 p= 0.0001. The PHEEM predicted the AE with R2=0.619, B= -0.18 (±0.009) p=0.001, and the DESP; R2= 0.385, B= -0.001(0.004) p=0.009, PSS being a significant predictor with inverse correlation in both. Conclusion: there is an inverse relationship between the educational climate and burnout syndrome in the population studied, with a high prevalence of burnout in male residents of surgical specialties, with the social support of the hospital educational environment being a significant predictor for the development of burnout syndrome.

RESUMEN Introducción: el clima educacional (CE) de posgrado en el ambiente hospitalario puede determinar la manera en como los médicos residentes (MR) se adaptan a su nueva etapa, durante el cual el sindrome agotamiento profesional (SAP) es altamente probable de producirse en algún momento. Objetivo: determinar la relación entre el clima educacional y el agotamiento profesional en médicos de los programas de residencias médicas del Hospital Nacional 2023-2024. Metodología: estudio observacional transversal de una muestra por conveniencia de MR de ambos sexos de todas las especialidades médicas del Hospital Nacional entre noviembre 2023 y enero 2024, se excluyeron MR con rotación externa y/o vacaciones. Calculo muestral; 136 MR. Se envío un formulario en línea de Google al correo electrónico del MR solicitando la participación voluntaria. El SAP fue medido con el método estándar Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) con subescalas; agotamiento emocional (AE), despersonalización (DESP), realización personal (RP), existiendo SAP con puntuaciones altas de AE, DESP y bajas de RP. El CE fue valorado con la medida del entorno educativo de posgrado hospitalario (PHEEM) con subescalas; percepción autonomía de roles (PAR), percepción enseñanza (PE), percepción soporte social (PSS), a mayor puntaje mejor CE. Se recopiló variables demográficos, académicos, puntajes del MBI y PHEEM, el SAP fue considerado dependiente, como resultado principal la relación predictiva del PHEEM sobre el SAP. Se compararon datos con χ², prueba t o U de Mann-Whitney, ANOVA y regresión lineal (p-valor significativo =<0,05). Resultados: de 233 participantes, la edad media fue de 28,75 (± 2,20), el 63,94 % (149) mujeres, la prevalencia general del SAP; 70,38 % (164/233), SAP en hombres 75 % (63/84) y mujeres 67,78 % (101/149) p=0,0014, los 2 primeros años con mayor frecuencia de SAP; 65 (85,52 %), 59 (86,76 %) repectivamente p=0,0009, de especialidades quirúrgicas 63 (90 %) p=0,0071. Las subescalas del MBI el AE;79,82 % (186) con un promedio de 35,39 (± 11,61) puntos. El PHEEM de los MR con SAP; 107,9(( 19,6) puntos y sin SAP; 136,3(( 12,1) puntos IC 95 % 18,1-25,0 p= 0,0001. El PHEEM predijo el AE con R2=0,619, PPS; B= -0,18 (±0,009) p=0,001, y la DESP; R2= 0,385, PPS; B= -0,001 (±0,004) p=0,009 siendo PSS predictor significativo con correlación inversa en ambas. Conclusión: existe relación inversa entre el clima educativo y el sindrome de agotamiento profesional en la población estudiada, con alta prevalencia de este en residentes hombres de especialidades quirúrgicas, siendo el soporte social del ambiente educativo hospitalario un predictor significativo para el desarrollo del sindrome de agotamiento profesional.

Resumen La autoevaluación de los programas de maestría impartidos total o parcialmente en entornos virtuales permite la mejora de estos y favorece la toma de decisiones basada en evidencias. La eficacia de la autoevaluación depende de los indicadores utilizados por lo que es indispensable determinar el valor de estos. El objetivo del trabajo fue implementar un instrumento de evaluación de los indicadores para la autoevaluación de la calidad de los programas virtuales de maestría. Se realizó la identificación y análisis de artículos científicos, guías de diseño y normas técnicas que abordan la evaluación de indicadores. Se empleó el motor de búsqueda de Google y Google Académico con las palabras clave: indicadores, sistemas de indicadores, evaluación de indicadores. Como resultado del análisis se identificaron seis criterios de calidad de los indicadores utilizados en la autoevaluación de los programas virtuales de maestría. Se elaboró un instrumento para medir estos seis criterios mediante una escala de Likert de cinco niveles. La prueba piloto del instrumento diseñado permitió su validación y mejorar los indicadores utilizados en la autoevaluación de los programas virtuales de maestría en la Cátedra de Calidad, Metrología y Normalización de la Universidad de La Habana.

Abstract Systematic self-assessment of master's programs taught totally or partially in virtual environments allows the improvement of these and favors evidence-based decision making. Self-assessment effectiveness is to a large extent due to indicators that are defined to carry it out. Value determination of these indicators for the self-assessment´s objectives achievement is the first step to the realization of this. Given the above, the objective of this work was to implement an instrument for evaluating the self-assessment´s indicators for quality of virtual programs master's. It was carried out identification and analysis of scientific articles, design guides and technical standards that address the evaluation of indicators. The Google and Google Scholar search engine was used with the keywords: indicators, indicator systems, indicator evaluation. As a result of the analysis, six indicators’ quality criteria used in the master's virtual programs self-assessment were identified. An instrument was developed to measure these six criteria through a five-level Likert scale. Pilot test of designed instrument allowed its validation and improve the indicators used in master's virtual programs self-assessment in the Chair of Quality, Metrology and Standardization of the University of Havana.

It has been noted that without learning, there can be no success. Furthermore, at the most basic level, essential success implies successful learning in the classroom. This was the sentiment of Tinto and Pusser (2006, 8) two decades ago when the global turn to Emergency Remote Teaching and Learning was inconceivable. However, the Novel Coronavirus appeared in Wuhan, China at the end of 2019, and in 2020 the World Health Organisation announced COVID-19 as a global pandemic (Discovery 2020; WHO 2020) that caused major disruptions in all sectors of society and led to the unprecedented transition from the face-to-face mode of teaching and learning to online platforms in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) worldwide (Turnbull, Chugh, and Luck 2021). It soon became clear to researchers that the support offered to students to assist them in attaining academic success had proven inadequate (Al-Maskari, Al-Riyami, and Kunjumuhammed 2022) and that the support systems used by HEIs needed to be revisited. This article examines student best practices during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond to ensure that students enjoy optimal benefits as they strive for academic success. The article further suggests a student support theory that can be employed by HEIs to better assist students in the quest for attaining a postgraduate qualification.

Abstract In this article, we present a case study that aims to analyze the curriculum of doctoral programs for the training of researchers, which presents distinctive pedagogical notes. This means training in a craft that has different characteristics depending on the disciplinary area. These particularities of the craft mean that training in it is a process of enculturation in a community of practice; in this case, the academic community. We conducted qualitative research of an interpretive nature, with a case study design. The data collection techniques were diverse: documentary analysis, interviews and focus groups. The results indicate that the curriculum is a collective construction based on the principle of interdisciplinary research on applied problems. For this, we propose pedagogical devices that promote joint work as a community of practice. Specifically, student participation in the design of course offerings, community-mediated monitoring (presenting one's own work in the research fellows meetings as a compulsory activity), and specialist-mediated monitoring (evaluation of the research project by an external researcher). The latter are formative evaluation mechanisms that promote accompaniment throughout the entire formative journey.

Resumo Neste artigo apresentamos um estudo de caso cujo objetivo foi analisar o currículo de programas de doutorado para formação de pesquisadores, que apresenta propostas pedagógicas diferenciadas. Trata-se de uma formação num ofício que tem características diversas dependendo da área disciplinar. Estas particularidades da profissão implicam que a formação nela seja um processo de enculturação em una comunidade de prática; neste caso, a comunidade acadêmica. Realizamos um estudo qualitativo, interpretativo, com desenho de estudo de caso. As técnicas de coleta de dados foram diversas: análise documental, entrevistas e grupos focais. Os resultados indicam que o currículo é uma construção coletiva baseada no princípio da pesquisa interdisciplinar sobre problemas aplicados. Para isso, são propostos dispositivos pedagógicos que potencializam o trabalho conjunto como comunidade de prática. Especificamente, a participação dos estudantes na concepção da oferta de cursos, o monitoramento mediado pela comunidade (apresentação do próprio trabalho en la jornada de bolsistas como atividade obrigatória) e monitoramento mediado por especialistas (avaliação do projeto de pesquisa por pesquisador externo). Estes últimos são mecanismos de avaliação formativa que promovem um acompanhamento ao longo de todo o percurso formativo.

Resumen En el presente artículo presentamos un estudio de caso cuyo objeto fue analizar el currículum de los programas doctorales para la formación de investigadores, que presenta notas pedagógicas distintivas. Esta implica la formación en un oficio que tiene características diversas según el área disciplinar. Dichas particularidades del oficio implican que la formación en este es un proceso de enculturación en una comunidad de práctica; en este caso, la comunidad académica. Realizamos un estudio cualitativo de corte interpretativo, con un diseño de estudio de caso. Las técnicas de recolección de datos fueron diversas: análisis documental, entrevistas y grupos focales. Los resultados indican que el currículum es una construcción colectiva a partir del principio de investigar interdisciplinariamente sobre problemas aplicados. Para ello, se proponen dispositivos pedagógicos que potencian el trabajo conjunto como comunidad de práctica. Específicamente, la participación de los estudiantes en el diseño de la oferta de cursos, el monitoreo mediado por la comunidad (presentación del trabajo propio en la jornada de becarios como actividad obligatoria) y el monitoreo mediado por especialistas (evaluación del proyecto de investigación por un investigador externo). Estos últimos son mecanismos de evaluación formativa que promueven un acompañamiento a lo largo de todo el trayecto formativo.

Introdução O estudo examina o comportamento de citação de pesquisadores de programas de pós-graduação brasileiros na área de Ciências Sociais, especificamente nas subáreas de Antropologia, Ciência Política, Relações Internacionais e Sociologia. O principal objetivo é entender os fatores que influenciam a seleção de referências e as práticas empregadas na busca e seleção de materiais bibliográficos. Métodos Os dados foram coletados por meio de um survey, onde os participantes forneceram percepções sobre os fatores que influenciam a escolha de referências e seus hábitos de busca e seleção bibliográfica. A amostra foi selecionada com o apoio de associações profissionais da área, resultando em 708 respostas completas. O survey capturou informações demográficas, incluindo subárea, status acadêmico, gênero, país de formação e unidade federativa de residência. Resultados A maioria dos respondentes era da área de Ciência Política, eram alunos, do sexo masculino, com formação em instituições brasileiras e residentes na região Sudeste, especialmente em São Paulo. As análises de regressão apresentaram valores de R² muito baixos, indicando que as características da amostra explicam muito pouco do comportamento de citação relatado. Em relação aos hábitos de busca de documentos, os respondentes predominantemente utilizavam o Google Scholar e recorriam a sites piratas quando os documentos não estavam acessíveis gratuitamente. A revisão sistemática foi o método de revisão da literatura mais conhecido entre os participantes. Discussão Os resultados sugerem que, apesar das diversas características demográficas dos respondentes, esses fatores têm poder explicativo mínimo sobre o comportamento de citação. A preferência pelo Google Scholar e o uso de sites piratas destacam questões de acessibilidade aos recursos acadêmicos. O conhecimento sobre revisões sistemáticas aponta para uma tendência crescente de métodos estruturados de revisão da literatura nas ciências sociais, mas isso deve ser visto com cautela. Conclusão Este estudo fornece um panorama do comportamento de citação entre pesquisadores de pós-graduação brasileiros nas ciências sociais. Pesquisas adicionais são necessárias para explorar as razões subjacentes a esses comportamentos e como eles podem influenciar a qualidade e a diversidade das citações acadêmicas nessas áreas.

Introduction The study examines the citation behavior of researchers from Brazilian postgraduate programs in the Social Sciences, specifically within the subfields of Anthropology, Political Science, International Relations, and Sociology. The primary objective is to understand the factors influencing reference selection and the practices employed in searching and selecting bibliographic materials. Methods Data were collected through a survey, where participants provided insights into the factors influencing their reference choices and their bibliographic search and selection habits. The sample was chosen with the support of professional associations in the field, resulting in 708 complete responses. The survey captured demographic information, including subfield, academic status, gender, country of education, and state of residence. Results The majority of respondents were from Political Science, were students, male, educated at Brazilian institutions, and resided in the Southeast region, particularly São Paulo. The regression analyses showed very low R² values, indicating that the sample characteristics explain very little of the reported citation behavior. Regarding document search habits, respondents predominantly used Google Scholar and resorted to pirate websites when documents were not freely accessible. The systematic review was the most well-known method of literature review among participants. Discussion The results suggest that despite the diverse demographic characteristics of the respondents, these factors have minimal explanatory power regarding citation behavior. The preference for Google Scholar and the use of pirate websites highlight accessibility issues within academic resources. The knowledge of systematic reviews points to a growing trend toward structured literature review methods in the social sciences, but this should be viewed with caution. Conclusion This study provides a snapshot of the citation behavior among Brazilian postgraduate researchers in the social sciences. Further research is needed to explore the underlying reasons behind these behaviors and how they might influence the quality and diversity of academic citations in these fields.

RESUMEN El texto se propone analizar la irrupción del kichwa en algunas universidades del Ecuador, mediante el paradigma cualitativo; considerando que la lengua kichwa ha sido, históricamente, excluida de las academias bajo el concepto de yanka shimi (lengua sin prestigio). Una lengua menospreciada por varios siglos; presentemente, tiene cabida en la Constitución Política del Ecuador y en algunas universidades del país, ya sea como asignatura, publicaciones en revistas científicas, creación de posgrados de manera esporádica, cursos de capacitaciones en las universidad públicas y privadas, publicaciones de libros y capítulos de libros. Por tanto, la operación del kichwa en los espacios universitarios no se mueve en un campo pacífico, sino de disputa constante. El método de investigación utilizado fue el hermenéutico debido a la interpretación multidisciplinaria de fuentes primarias y secundarias. Las conclusiones relevantes sugieren: a) La emergencia del kichwa en algunas universidades del país; b) la irrupción del kichwa en los espacios académicos no es un campo pacífico sino de lucha; c) no obstante el reconocimientos legal y académico del idioma, aún queda muchas acciones concretas, por ejemplo, creación de programas de doctorados para forjar investigaciones rigurosas y originales; d) el kichwa, históricamente, ha sido esgrimido como estrategia de insurgencia, pero también de múltiples diálogos.

ABSTRACT The text proposes to analyze the irruption of Kichwa in some universities of Ecuador, through the qualitative paradigm; considering that the Kichwa language has been historically excluded from the academies under the concept of yanka shimi (language without prestige). A language underestimated for several centuries; currently, it has a place in the Political Constitution of Ecuador and in some universities of the country, either as a subject, publications in scientific journals, creation of postgraduate courses sporadically, training courses in public and private universities, publications of books and book chapters. Therefore, the operation of kichwa in university spaces does not move in a peaceful field, but in a field of constant dispute. The research method used was hermeneutic due to the multidisciplinary interpretation of primary and secondary sources. The relevant conclusions suggest: a) the emergence of kichwa in some universities of the country; b) the irruption of kichwa in academic spaces is not a peaceful field but a field of struggle; c) despite the legal and academic recognition of the language, there are still many concrete actions, for example, the creation of doctoral programs to forge rigorous and original research; d) kichwa, historically, has been wielded as a strategy of insurgency, but also of multiple dialogues.

UCHILLACHISKA YUYAY Kay killkashkaka imashinalla, Ecuador mama llaktapi, kichwa shimi hatun yachana wasikunaman yaykurishkamantami willan yuyachinpash; ashtawantakka, umanarichin yuyarichin ñanta katishpa; willanpashmi, imashinalla kichwa shimi paypak kawsaypi kamishka, pakachishka karuyachishka kashka hatun yachana wasikunamanta, yanka shimillami kan nishpa. Kichwa shimika achka watakunata pampachishka washaka; kunan pachapika, mama llaktapak kamachikpi, hatun yachana wasikunapipash chaskishkami kashka, yachanapak, kamukunapi killkanapak, kamukunapi ñawirinapak, taripanapak, yachaykunapi rimanapakpish. Shinallatak, kichwa shimipakka hatun yachana wasikunapi purinaka mana hawallachu kashka, mana shamuylla nishkakunachu, sinchi makanakuypimi purín. Kay taripay katik ñanpika tawka killkashkakunatami hamutarka. Kay puchukay yuyaykunawanmi chayarka: a) imashinami kichwa shimi maykan hatun yachana wasikunaman chayarka; b) Amawtay wasikunan, kichwa shimipak chayanaka mana hawallachu kashka, sinchitami makanakushka; c) Hatun kamachikkunapi kichwa shimita tiyankimi nikpipash, acha ruraykuna illanrakmi, ashtawan killkashpa, taripashpa katinakapak; d) kichwa shimika watan watankunata makanakunapakpash chimpapura rimanakunapakpishmi alli kashka.

Resumo: Este manuscrito aborda a atribuição de valores na autoavaliação da pós-graduação, especificamente no Mestrado em Saúde Integral e Movimento Humano (MSIMH) da Universidade Nacional da Costa Rica com base nas diretrizes nacionais de acreditação. Destaca-se a importância de realizar este trabalho de forma sistemática e organizada, com uma fundamentação clara, para se conseguir uma análise objetiva dos aspectos que garantem a qualidade do curso. Diferentes agentes estiveram envolvidos no processo de autoavaliação, incluindo gestores, funcionários administrativos, professores, estudantes e tutores. Os resultados revelaram que as dimensões “Recursos” e “Processo Educativo” são centrais, com especial atenção para os componentes relativos a “Infraestruturas”, “Pesquisa” e “Corpo Docente”. Embora, componentes como a ementa e a metodologia de ensino e aprendizagem sejam relevantes, destaca-se também a importância da gestão académica e financeira para o desenvolvimento e sustentabilidade do curso. Em pesquisas futuras, recomenda-se contrastar os resultados da ponderação com os resultados da autoavaliação do MSIMH para identificar pontos fortes e áreas de melhoria em relação aos valores ponderados estabelecidos. Em síntese, este estudo salienta a importância da atribuição de valores adequados na autoavaliação da pós-graduação e promove a participação de múltiplos atores neste processo. Este documento serve de guia para novos processos de atribuição de valores nesta modalidade de acreditação.

Resumen: Este estudio, realizado en 2022, aborda la asignación de valores en la autoevaluación de posgrados, específicamente, en la Maestría en Salud Integral y Movimiento Humano (MSIMH) de la Universidad Nacional, con base en el Manual Oficial de Acreditación de carreras de Posgrado del Sistema Nacional de Acreditación (SINAES). Se destaca la importancia de realizar esta labor de manera sistemática y organizada, con un fundamento claro, para lograr un análisis objetivo de los aspectos que aseguran la calidad de la carrera. Además, se involucran diferentes agentes en el proceso de autoevaluación, incluyendo responsables, personal administrativo, docentes, estudiantes y tutores. Los resultados revelan que las dimensiones “Recursos” y “Proceso Educativo” son centrales, con una atención especial en los componentes “Infraestructura”, “Investigación” y “Personal académico”. Aunque componentes como el plan de estudio y la metodología de enseñanza y aprendizaje son relevantes, también se resalta la importancia de la gestión académica y financiera para el desarrollo y sostenibilidad de la carrera. En futuras investigaciones, se recomienda contrastar los resultados de la ponderación con los hallazgos de la autoevaluación de la MSIMH para identificar fortalezas y áreas de mejora en relación con los valores ponderados establecidos. En resumen, este estudio destaca la importancia de asignar valores adecuados en la autoevaluación de posgrados y promueve la participación de múltiples actores en este proceso. Por lo tanto, este documento sirve como guía para nuevos procesos de asignación de valores en este tipo de acreditaciones.

Abstract: This manuscript addresses value assignment in the self-evaluation of postgraduate programs, specifically in the Master’s Degree in Integrative Health and Human Movement (MSIMH) of the National University of Costa Rica, based on the national accreditation guidelines. It emphasizes the importance of carrying out this work in a systematic, organized, and clear manner to objectively analyze the aspects that guarantee the quality of the program. Different actors participated in the self-evaluation process, including managers, administrators, teachers, students, and tutors. The results showed that the dimensions “Resources” and “Educational Process” are fundamental, and that special attention should be given to the components “Infrastructure”, “Research” and “Academic Staff”. Although components such as curriculum and teaching and learning methodology are relevant, it also highlights the importance of academic and financial management for the development and sustainability of the program. It is recommended that future research should contrast the results of the weighting with the results of the MSIMH self-evaluation to identify strengths and areas for improvement in relation to the established weighted values. In short, this study highlights the importance of assigning appropriate values in the self-evaluation of postgraduate programs and encourages the participation of multiple stakeholders in this process. This document can be used as a guide for new processes of value assignment for this type of accreditation.

Abstract: The article presents the methodological design and the central results of a study whose objective was to analyze the degree of congruence between academic training and professional practice of urban and regional planners in Mexico. To collect the data, a mixed methodology was used that combined a qualitative analysis of the contents of the curricula of several graduate programs, with the application of a survey to planning professionals. The results show that graduate programs in planning incorporate more and more topics related to the collaborative planning paradigm. However, in the professional field, knowledge, skills and abilities (SHD) related to rational planning, and Euclidean space are more valued. The article closes with some reflections and recommendations to improve the curricula and syllabuses used in the training of planning professionals.

Resumen: El artículo presenta el diseño metodológico y los resultados centrales de un estudio cuyo objetivo fue analizar el grado de congruencia existente entre la formación académica y la práctica profesional de los planificadores urbanos y regionales en México. Para la recolección de los datos se empleó una metodología mixta que combinó un análisis cualitativo de los contenidos de los planes de estudio de varios posgrados, con la aplicación de una encuesta a profesionales de la planeación. Los resultados muestran que los posgrados en planeación incorporan cada vez más temas relacionados con el paradigma de la planeación colaborativa; sin embargo, en el campo profesional se valoran más los saberes, las habilidades y las destrezas (SHD) relacionados con la planeación racional y con el espacio euclidiano. El artículo cierra con algunas reflexiones y recomendaciones para mejorar los planes y programas de estudio utilizados en la formación de profesionales de la planeación.

Abstract. The objective of this article is to analyze the motivations and tensions experienced by indigenous students in Chiapas, during their postgraduate studies in social sciences. An approach to the cultural dimension contained in thirteen life stories, which reflect desires, dreams, resistance, and conflicts in their construction of the knowledge in the field of graduate programs is offered. We recognize to these programs as academic spaces that guide the construction of sciences knowledges, where phenomenon such as coloniality and racism are still in force. Located in critical sociology, we conclude that the negative and the hope carried by the students, configure them as makers of the future for their peoples.

Resumen. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar las motivaciones y tensiones vividas por estudiantes indígenas en Chiapas durante su formación de posgrado en ciencias sociales. Se ofrece un acercamiento a la dimensión cultural contenida en trece relatos de vida, que reflejan anhelos, sueños, resistencias y conflictos en su construcción de conocimientos en el ámbito de sus maestrías y doctorados. Reconocemos a los posgrados como espacios de formación académica que orientan hacia la construcción de conocimientos científicos, en la que fenómenos como la colonialidad y el racismo siguen vigentes. Ubicados en la sociología crítica, concluimos que la negatividad y la esperanza portadas por el estudiantado les configuran como hacedores de futuro para sus pueblos.

ABSTRACT The National University and, particularly, the graduate school, have the task of providing a quality service that generates satisfaction among its students. This is essential to improve the quality of graduate programs. This research aims to establish whether satisfaction with the quality of university service in postgraduate students is related. To achieve this, a non-experimental, correlational and transversal design was used with a sample of 180 students, to whom the questionnaire on quality of university service and the questionnaire on user satisfaction were administered. The results obtained allow us to conclude that there are significant relationships between the two study variables (r = 0.80), as well as between their dimensions that make up each variable.

RESUMO A Universidade Nacional e, particularmente, a pós-graduação, têm a missão de prestar um serviço de qualidade que gere satisfação aos seus alunos. Isso é essencial para melhorar a qualidade dos programas de pós-graduação. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo estabelecer se a satisfação com a qualidade do serviço universitário em estudantes de pós-graduação está relacionada. Para isso, utilizou-se um desenho não experimental, correlacional e transversal com uma amostra de 180 estudantes, aos quais foram aplicados o questionário sobre qualidade do serviço universitário e o questionário sobre satisfação do usuário. Os resultados obtidos permitem-nos concluir que existem relações significativas entre as duas variáveis do estudo (r = 0,80), bem como entre as suas dimensões que compõem cada variável.

RESUMEN La Universidad Nacional y, particularmente, la escuela de posgrado, tienen la tarea de brindar un servicio de calidad que genere satisfacción entre sus estudiantes. Esto es fundamental para mejorar la calidad de los programas de posgrado. La investigación tuvo como objetivo establecer la relación que existen entre la calidad del servicio universitario ofrecido con la satisfacción del usuario en estudiantes de posgrado de una Universidad Pública de Lima. Para lograrlo se utilizó un diseño no experimental, correlacional y transversal con una muestra de 180 estudiantes, a quienes se les administró el cuestionario sobre calidad del servicio universitario y el cuestionario sobre satisfacción del usuario. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron concluir que, existen relaciones significativas entre las dos variables de estudio (r = 0.80), así como entre sus dimensiones que componen cada variable.

Resumen Las Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones (TIC) han seguido una trayectoria de desarrollo sistemático y acelerado, marcando transformaciones en diversos sectores de la sociedad. En este contexto dinámico, las instituciones de educación superior enfrentan el imperativo de adaptarse y evolucionar de manera coherente y estratégica en respuesta al progreso tecnológico, científico-técnico y metodológico. Se exige del reconocimiento de niveles de integración en los procesos de formación de posgrado y estas tecnologías. Desde esta perspectiva se planteó como objetivo general, describir experiencias de avanzada en función de las vivencias pedagógicas en la Educación de Posgrado en la Facultad de Postgrado de la Universidad Técnica de Manabí (UTM). Se utilizó una metodología de tipo descriptiva, transversal y con diseño no experimental, con diversos métodos científicos, como el estudio documental, analítico-sintético, sistematización, entrevista no estructurada y estudio de caso. Se analizó la realidad de los programas de posgrado en la Facultad de Posgrado de la UTM, con el empleo de las TIC, y en correspondencia se expresó la emergencia de estrategias orientadas a la actualización de los docentes. Se consultaron diversos autores con estudios relacionados con el empleo de ambientes virtuales y la modalidad en línea en el 4to nivel, y se pudo apreciar, que la tendencia es al aumento de esta modalidad en los programas y así los hace más competitivos y con mayor demanda.

Abstract Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) have followed a trajectory of systematic and accelerated development, marking transformations in various sectors of society. In this dynamic context, higher education institutions face the imperative to adapt and evolve in a coherent and strategic manner in response to technological, scientific-technical and methodological progress. Recognition of levels of integration in postgraduate training processes and these technologies is required. From this perspective, the general objective was proposed to describe advanced experiences based on pedagogical experiences in Graduate Education at the Graduate Faculty of the Technical University of Manabí (UTM). A descriptive, transversal methodology with a non-experimental design was used, with various scientific methods, such as documentary, analytical-synthetic, systematization, unstructured interviews and case studies. The reality of the postgraduate programs in the Graduate Faculty of the UTM was analyzed, with the use of ICT, and in correspondence the emergence of strategies aimed at updating teachers was expressed. Various authors were consulted with studies related to the use of virtual environments and the online modality in the 4th level, and it was possible to see that the trend is to increase this modality in the programs and thus makes them more competitive and with greater demand.

O texto tem como objetivo analisar o surgimento do Kichwa em algumas universidades do Equador, através do paradigma qualitativo; considerando que a língua Kichwa foi historicamente excluída das academias sob o conceito de Yanka shimi (língua sem prestígio). Uma língua desprezada durante vários séculos; Atualmente, tem lugar na Constituição Política do Equador e em algumas universidades do país, seja como disciplina, publicações em revistas científicas, criação de cursos de pós-graduação esporadicamente, cursos de formação em universidades públicas e privadas, publicações de livros e capítulos de livros. Portanto, a atuação dos Kichwa nos espaços universitários não caminha em um campo pacífico, mas em constante disputa. O método de pesquisa utilizado foi o hermenêutico devido à interpretação multidisciplinar de fontes primárias e secundárias. As conclusões relevantes sugerem: a) O surgimento do Kichwa em algumas universidades do país; b) a emergência dos Kichwa nos espaços académicos não é um campo pacífico mas sim de luta; c) apesar do reconhecimento legal e acadêmico da língua, ainda existem muitas ações concretas, por exemplo, criação de programas de doutorado para forjar pesquisas rigorosas e originais; d) O Kichwa, historicamente, tem sido utilizado como estratégia de insurgência, mas também de múltiplos diálogos.

The text proposes to analyze the irruption of Kichwa in some universities of Ecuador, through the qualitative paradigm; considering that the Kichwa language has been historically excluded from the academies under the concept of yanka shimi (language without prestige). A language underestimated for several centuries; currently, it has a place in the Political Constitution of Ecuador and in some universities of the country, either as a subject, publications in scientific journals, creation of postgraduate courses sporadically, training courses in public and private universities, publications of books and book chapters. Therefore, the operation of kichwa in university spaces does not move in a peaceful field, but in a field of constant dispute. The research method used was hermeneutic due to the multidisciplinary interpretation of primary and secondary sources. The relevant conclusions suggest: a) the emergence of kichwa in some universities of the country; b) the irruption of kichwa in academic spaces is not a peaceful field but a field of struggle; c) despite the legal and academic recognition of the language, there are still many concrete actions, for example, the creation of doctoral programs to forge rigorous and original research; d) kichwa, historically, has been wielded as a strategy of insurgency, but also of multiple dialogues.

Kay killkashkaka imashinalla, Ecuador mama llaktapi, kichwa shimi hatun yachana wasikunaman yaykurishkamantami willan yuyachinpash; ashtawantakka, umanarichin yuyarichin ñanta katishpa; willanpashmi, imashinalla kichwa shimi paypak kawsaypi kamishka, pakachishka karuyachishka kashka hatun yachana wasikunamanta, yanka shimillami kan nishpa. Kichwa shimika achka watakunata pampachishka washaka; kunan pachapika, mama llaktapak kamachikpi, hatun yachana wasikunapipash chaskishkami kashka, yachanapak, kamukunapi killkanapak, kamukunapi ñawirinapak, taripanapak, yachaykunapi rimanapakpish. Shinallatak, kichwa shimipakka hatun yachana wasikunapi purinaka mana hawallachu kashka, mana shamuylla nishkakunachu, sinchi makanakuypimi purín. Kay taripay katik ñanpika tawka killkashkakunatami hamutarka. Kay puchukay yuyaykunawanmi chayarka: a) imashinami kichwa shimi maykan hatun yachana wasikunaman chayarka; b) Amawtay wasikunan, kichwa shimipak chayanaka mana hawallachu kashka, sinchitami makanakushka; c) Hatun kamachikkunapi kichwa shimita tiyankimi nikpipash, acha ruraykuna illanrakmi, ashtawan killkashpa, taripashpa katinakapak; d) kichwa shimika watan watankunata makanakunapakpash chimpapura rimanakunapakpishmi alli kashka.

Abstract Background: The Ignacio Chávez National Institute of Cardiology (NIC) has positioned itself as an international benchmark in cardiovascular medical education, standing out for its high academic standards and human quality. Objective: This study aims to identify the employment and academic profile of cardiology fellowship graduates from the National Institute of Cardiology of Mexico (NIC). Methods: A cross-sectional and retrospective study was conducted, involving 473 graduates from the period 2000-2015. Data was collected through an electronic survey. Results: A total of 221 graduates agreed to participate, accounting for 46.7% of the total number of graduates. Among the participants, 85.2% were male. The majority of graduates (82.4%) held Mexican nationality, while the remaining individuals represented various Latin-American nationalities. Following the completion of the cardiology fellowship, 89% of graduates pursued further postgraduate degrees. Within this group, 95.4% completed at least one additional fellowship, while 4.6% pursued a master’s or PhD program. The most popular fellowship program chosen was Interventional Cardiology. On average, NIC graduates dedicate 10.8 hours per day to their work, with 6.4 hours dedicated to cardiology and 4.3 hours to their other postgraduate degree. Those employed in both public and private health systems allocate 6.1 hours and 5.2 hours per day, respectively. Additionally, 75% of graduates are involved in teaching activities. Currently, 84% of graduates are employed in Mexico. Conclusion: The majority of NIC graduates are physicians who further their academic training by pursuing additional postgraduate programs. They work longer hours per day compared to the general Mexican population, with a significant focus on clinical cardiology. Graduates actively seek opportunities to share their expertise through various academic activities.

Resumen Antecedentes: El Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez (INC) se ha posicionado como un referente internacional en la educación médica cardiológica, destacándose por su alto nivel académico y calidad humana. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar el perfil laboral y académico actual de los egresados del Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez (INC). Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal y retrospectivo que incluyó a 473 egresados del INC graduados entre 2000 y 2015. Se utilizó una encuesta electrónica para recopilar los datos. Resultados: Un total de 221 egresados aceptaron participar en el estudio, lo que representa el 46.7% del total de egresados. El 85.2% de los participantes son hombres. La mayoría de los egresados son de nacionalidad mexicana (82.4%), mientras que el resto se distribuye en varios países de Latinoamérica. El 89% de los egresados completó otro posgrado después de cardiología. De este grupo, el 95.4% realizó al menos una alta especialidad, mientras que el 4.6% obtuvo una maestría o doctorado. La especialidad más comúnmente elegida fue Cardiología Intervencionista. Los egresados del INC trabajan en promedio 10.8 horas al día, de las cuales 6.4 horas se dedican a la cardiología clínica y 4.3 horas al otro posgrado. Aquellos que trabajan en el sector público y privado dedican 6.1 horas y 5.2 horas al día, respectivamente. Además, el 75% de los egresados desempeña actividades de enseñanza. El 84% de los egresados trabajan en México. Conclusión: En su mayoría, los egresados del INC son médicos especialistas que continúan su formación académica a través de la realización de otros posgrados. Trabajan más horas al día en comparación con el resto de la población mexicana, y dedican la mayor parte de su tiempo al ejercicio de la cardiología clínica. También buscan transmitir sus conocimientos a través de actividades académicas y de enseñanza.

Resumen Este artículo se deriva de la investigación «La Formación y el Perfil Profesional del Editor en Iberoamérica» y pretende estimular la reflexión sobre las lógicas de la formación en edición de publicaciones académicas mediante el análisis de algunos de los principales aspectos curriculares de los programas en esta categoría. Es un estudio cualitativo y descriptivo que consultó a 84 líderes editoriales y a 21 egresados de un programa de especialización; también analizó una muestra de 16 programas de diversos países. Los hallazgos confirman 1) el predominio de programas enfocados en la formación técnica especializada, adscritos, principalmente, a las ciencias sociales y humanas y, en particular, a disciplinas como la comunicación social y el diseño; y 2) los enfoques curriculares se orientan a la coordinación y ejecución de los procesos editoriales, así como a la gestión administrativa de los proyectos y empresas del sector, con una fuerte intención de generar productos editoriales digitales que complementen la oferta de formatos análogos.

Abstract This article is derived from the research «The Training and Professional Profile of the Editor in Ibero-America» and aims to stimulate reflection on the logic of training in publication editing by analyzing some of the main curricular aspects of academic programs. It is a qualitative and descriptive study that consulted 84 editorial leaders and 21 graduates of a specialization program; also analyzed a sample of 16 programs from various countries. The findings confirm 1) the predominance of programs focused on specialized technical training, attached mainly to the social and human sciences and, in particular, to disciplines such as social communication and design; and 2) the curricular approaches are oriented towards the coordination and execution of editorial processes, as well as the administrative management of projects and companies in the sector, with a strong intention of generating digital editorial products that complement the offer of analog formats.

Abstract Objective: The urology resident is involved in academic and extra-academic situations that can generate exhaustion, disinterest, self-sabotage, and doubts about the value of this own study methods; this context leads to burnout syndrome in an academic context. This syndrome can trigger dropout, low academic performance, low self-esteem, and personal frustration. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of academic burnout syndrome in urology residents in Colombia, and to propose strategies to avoid or reduce academic burnout syndrome in the Colombian context. Method: Cross-sectional study with convenience sampling in urology residents of all postgraduate academic programs of Colombia. The instrument applied was the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (MBI-SS) measurement scale. Results: The prevalence of academic burnout in urology residents in Colombia is 59.5% (IC95%: 59.4-59.6%). The areas of possible intervention are categorized into four dimensions: a) time management; b) training strategies; c) extracurricular activities management, and d) mental health care. Conclusions: Academic burnout syndrome affects 59.5% of urology residents in Colombia. Activities to prevent and treat academic burnout can be focused on: organization of time for academic activities, time reserved for research and extracurricular activities, development of emotional and academical support routes, promotion of university wellness activities.

Resumen Objetivo: El médico residente de urología está inmerso en situaciones académicas y extraacadémicas que pueden generar agotamiento, desinterés, autosabotaje frente a sus actividades y dudas acerca del valor del estudio, lo cual conduce al síndrome de burnout en un contexto académico. Este síndrome puede desencadenar deserción, bajo rendimiento académico, baja autoestima y frustración personal. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar la prevalencia del síndrome de burnout académico en los residentes de urología en Colombia y proponer estrategias que permitan evitar o disminuir el síndrome de burnout académico en el contexto colombiano. Método: Estudio de corte transversal, con muestreo por conveniencia en médicos residentes de urología de los diferentes programas académicos de posgrado en Colombia. El instrumento aplicado fue la escala de medición Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (MBI-SS). Resultados: La prevalencia de burnout académico en residentes de urología de Colombia es del 59,5% (IC95%: 59,4-59,6%). Se categorizan las áreas de posible intervención en cuatro dimensiones: a) administración de tiempo; b) estrategias de formación; c) actividades extracurriculares, y d) cuidados de salud mental. Conclusiones: El síndrome de burnout académico afecta al 59,5% de los residentes de urología de Colombia. Las actividades para prevenir y tratar el burnout académico se pueden enfocar en: organización del tiempo de las actividades académicas, tiempos reservados para investigación, actividades asistenciales y actividades extraacadémicas; desarrollo de rutas de apoyo emocionales/académicas; promoción sobre actividades de bienestar universitario.