Abstract: Prehospital emergency healthcare employees are frequently faced with ethical problems. Moral intelligence, which is seen as a rising value in the field of health, is very important for prehospital emergency health employees to choose the best and right action ethically. This study aims to evaluate the moral intelligence of prehospital emergency healthcare employees and to determine whether moral intelligence parameters differ according to various socio-demographic characteristics. This study was conducted with 261 emergency medical personnel working in the ambulance service between November 2021 and February 2022. Participants showed high sensitivity to equality, empathy, moral intelligence, justice, tolerance, self-control, and kindness in the delivery of healthcare services. There were no significant differences between the groups in the scale dimensions in terms of gender, educational level, working hours, working systems, income level and having children. Single/widowed/divorced/separated participants had significantly higher levels of empathy (p=0.004), justice (p=0.039) and self-control (p=0.009) than married participants. The self-control levels of paramedics were found to be higher than those of health officers/nurses/midwives/others (p=0.015). The high sensitivity of employees towards moral intelligence parameters can play an effective role in solving both ethical issues and problems related to other moral intelligence parameters in the field of prehospital healthcare.

Resumen: Los empleados de sanidad prehospitalaria de urgencias se enfrentan con frecuencia a problemas éticos. La inteligencia moral, considerada un valor en alza en el ámbito de la salud, es muy importante para que los empleados sanitarios de urgencias prehospitalarias elijan, éticamente, la mejor y más correcta acción. Este estudio pretende evaluar la inteligencia moral de los empleados sanitarios de emergencias prehospitalarias y determinar si sus parámetros difieren en función de diversas características sociodemográficas. El estudio se realizó entre noviembre de 2021 y febrero de 2022, en conjunto con 261 miembros del personal médico de urgencias que trabajaban en el servicio de ambulancias. Los participantes mostraron una alta sensibilidad hacia la igualdad, la empatía, la inteligencia moral, la justicia, la tolerancia, el autocontrol y la amabilidad en la prestación de servicios sanitarios. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los grupos en las dimensiones de la escala en términos de género, nivel educativo, horas de trabajo, sistemas de trabajo, nivel de ingresos y tener hijos. Los participantes solteros/viudos/divorciados/separados tenían niveles significativamente más altos de empatía (p=0,004), justicia (p=0,039) y autocontrol (p=0,009) que los participantes casados. Se determinó que los niveles de autocontrol de los paramédicos eran superiores a los de los funcionarios sanitarios/enfermeros/parteras/otros (p=0,015). La elevada sensibilidad de los empleados hacia los parámetros de inteligencia moral desempeña un papel eficaz en la resolución tanto de cuestiones éticas como de problemas relacionados con otras referencias de inteligencia moral en el ámbito de la asistencia sanitaria prehospitalaria.

Resumo: Funcionários de cuidados à saúde de emergência pré-hospitalar são frequentemente confrontados com problemas éticos. Inteligência moral, que é vista como um valor crescente no campo da saúde, é muito importante para funcionários de cuidados à saúde de emergência pré-hospitalar escolherem a melhor e mais correta ação ética. Esse estudo objetiva avaliar a inteligência moral de funcionários de cuidados à saúde de emergência pré-hospitalar e determinar se parâmetros de inteligência moral diferem de acordo com várias características sócio-demográficas. Esse estudo foi realizado com 261 funcionários de emergência médica trabalhando no serviço de ambulâncias entre novembro de 2021 e fevereiro de 2022. Os participantes mostraram alta sensibilidade a igualdade, empatia, inteligência moral, justiça, tolerância, auto-controle e gentileza no fornecimento de serviços de cuidados à saúde. Não houve diferenças significativas entre os grupos nas dimensões das escalas em termos de gênero, nível educacional, horas de trabalho, sistemas de trabalho, nível de receita e ter filhos. Participantes solteiros/viúvos/divorciados/separados tiveram níveis significativamente mais altos de empatia (p=0.004), justiça (p=0.039) e auto-controle (p=0.009) que participantes casados. Os níveis de auto-controle de paramédicos foram mais altos que aqueles de agentes de saúde/enfermeiras/parteiras/outros (p=0.015). A alta sensibilidade de funcionários em relação aos parâmetros de inteligência moral pode desempenhar um papel eficaz na resolução tanto de questões éticas como de problemas relacionados com outros parâmetros de inteligência moral no domínio dos cuidados à saúde pré-hospitalares.

Abstract In January 2023, the Law for the Institutionalisation of Public Policy Evaluation in the General State Administration came into force in Spain. This law takes an important step by establishing the evaluation of public policies (EPP) as an instrument to improve the effective and efficient use of public resources and to make the decision-making process more transparent. This requires trained personnel to carry out evaluations. The aim of this article is to present how university education in EPP is structured in the public universities of Spain and how the various university degrees linked mainly to Political Science incorporate courses on public policy analysis and evaluation. Based on the observation and analysis of the presence of these courses in universities, this study shows in the development of political science studies, EPP is at an incipient stage, this being a relatively young approach in Spain within the realm of Political Science and partially limited to a few universities. The proportion of academic credits in public policy analysis and evaluation out of the overall volume of courses is marginal. This implies that in terms of the skillset attained at the end of university education and its transfer to the workplace, it vastly depends on certain universities and the completion of their coursework.

Resumen En enero de 2023 entró en vigor en España la Ley de Institucionalización de la Evaluación de Políticas Públicas en la Administración General del Estado. Esta ley da un paso importante al establecer la evaluación de políticas públicas (EPP) como elemento para mejorar el uso eficaz y eficiente de los recursos públicos y dotar de una mayor transparencia al proceso de toma de decisiones. Para ello es necesario contar con personal capacitado para realizar las evaluaciones. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar cómo se estructura la formación universitaria dentro de las universidades públicas españolas en EPP y cómo los diferentes grados universitarios vinculados mayoritariamente a la Ciencia Política introducen la formación en análisis y evaluación de políticas públicas. A partir de la observación y análisis de la presencia de estas formaciones en las universidades, este estudio muestra cómo la EPP se encuentra en una fase bastante incipiente en el desarrollo dentro de los estudios de ciencia política, siendo un enfoque relativamente joven en España dentro de la Ciencia Política y parcialmente limitado a unas cuantas universidades. El volumen de créditos formativos en análisis y evaluación de políticas públicas sobre el total de la formación es marginal. Esto significa que, en términos de competencias alcanzadas al final de la formación universitaria y de la transferencia de esos aprendizajes al puesto de trabajo, depende de la realización de la formación universitaria en determinadas universidades.

RESUMEN: La preparación militar depende en gran medida de la aptitud física y la capacidad operativa de su personal. Este estudio tiene como objetivo mejorar la eficacia de los protocolos de evaluación y clasificación de la composición corporal dentro del contexto militar. Se realizó una evaluación integral de 4.370 militares chilenos en servicio activo, centrándose en las características antropométricas, incluido el tejido adiposo, el tejido muscular y los índices antropométricos. El estudio observó diferencias significativas en la composición corporal entre sexos, con los hombres exhibiendo niveles más bajos de porcentaje de grasa corporal (hombres: 26,28 %; mujeres: 34,62 %) pero niveles más altos de masa muscular (hombres: 42,0 %; mujeres: 36,0 %;), índice de músculo esquelético (hombres: 11,81; mujeres: 9,31) e índice de masa magra (hombres: 19,92; mujeres: 18,45) en comparación con las mujeres. Se observaron altos niveles de tejido muscular en ambos grupos. Al integrar estos hallazgos en un protocolo de evaluación estandarizado, se logró una clasificación más precisa del personal militar, superando los métodos tradicionales utilizados en poblaciones obesas sedentarias. El estudio aboga por la adopción futura de un modelo de evaluación basado en algoritmos de inteligencia artificial (IA), que consideren la naturaleza multifacética de la composición corporal y su impacto en la capacidad operativa. Un modelo de este tipo permitiría a las fuerzas militares optimizar la aptitud física y la preparación de su personal, mejorando así su eficacia en las operaciones de despliegue.

SUMMARY: Military readiness relies heavily on the physical fitness and operational capability of its personnel. This study aims to enhance the effectiveness of body composition assessment and classification protocols within the military context. A comprehensive evaluation of 4370 active-duty Chilean military personnel was conducted, focusing on anthropometric characteristics, including adipose tissue, muscle tissue, and anthropometric indices. The study observed significant differences in body composition between genders, with men exhibiting lower levels of body fat percentage (men: 26.28 %; women: 34.62 %) but higher levels of muscle mass (men: 42.0 %; women: 36.0 %;), skeletal muscle index (men:11.81; women: 9.31), and fat-free mass index (men: 19.92; women: 18.45) compared to women. High levels of muscle tissue were observed in both groups. By integrating these findings into a standardized assessment protocol, a more accurate classification of military personnel was achieved, surpassing traditional methods used in sedentary obese populations. The study advocates the future adoption of an assessment model based on artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms, which consider the multifaceted nature of body composition and its impact on operational capability. Such a model would enable military forces to optimize their personnel's physical fitness and readiness, thus enhancing their effectiveness in deployment operations.

Abstract This article examines, from a gender perspective, the potential impacts on the labor market of the semiconductor industry in Mexico induced by its relocation policy, given the global semiconductor supply crisis. It considers the current gender gaps in employment between women and men by economic sector, as well as the regional disparities between the demand for specialized labor in the manufacturing industry and the educational supply. To achieve this, the current trends in personnel employed in semiconductor-related economic sectors are contrasted with enrollment and graduation rates in specialized fields of study among women and men, as well as among different regions of the country. It is observed that, although the policy aims to improve the semiconductor industry, create jobs, and promote economic growth, it has the potential to reinforce gender and regional disparities. Therefore, the need to consider these inequalities in the design and evaluation of Mexico's industrial policy is emphasized.

Resumen Este artículo examina desde la perspectiva de género y el desarrollo regional los posibles impactos en el mercado laboral de la industria de semiconductores en México inducidos por la política de relocalización de la misma, dada la crisis global de suministro de semiconductores. Considera las actuales brechas educativas y laborales entre mujeres y hombres, así como las disparidades regionales entre la demanda de trabajo especializado en la industria manufacturera y la oferta educativa. Para ello, se contrastan las tendencias actuales en el personal empleado en los sectores económicos orientados a los semiconductores con la matrícula y titulación en campos de formación especializados entre mujeres y hombres, así como entre las regiones del país. Se observa que, aunque la política busca mejorar la industria de semiconductores, crear empleos y promover el crecimiento económico, tiene el potencial de reforzar las disparidades de género y entre regiones. Por lo tanto, se enfatiza la necesidad de considerar estas desigualdades en el diseño y evaluación de la política industrial de México.

Resumen El presente artículo se enfoca en examinar el Sistema Integrado de Administración del Talento Humano en el Sector Público Ecuatoriano, con el propósito de analizar su evolución histórica y su estructura actual. Para llevar a cabo esta investigación, se realizaron actividades específicas. En primer lugar, se llevó a cabo una recopilación de información histórica relacionada con la gestión de recursos humanos en el servicio público ecuatoriano. Esto incluyó la revisión de documentos, registros y fuentes bibliográficas para comprender la evolución de esta gestión a lo largo del tiempo. Además, se realizó el levantamiento de literatura relacionada con la gestión de personal en el servicio público, explorando investigaciones previas y artículos académicos. También se realizó una revisión minuciosa de la legislación vigente relacionada a este sistema permitiendo identificar los marcos legales y regulaciones que rigen la gestión de recursos humanos en el sector público. Finalmente, se llevó a cabo un análisis detallado de los componentes que conforman el sistema, incluyendo la planificación del talento humano, la clasificación de los puestos, el reclutamiento y selección del personal, la capacitación y la formación profesional, la evaluación del desempeño y la salud ocupacional. Este estudio proporciona una comprensión completa del sistema de gestión de talento humano en el sector público ecuatoriano, desde sus antecedentes históricos hasta su estructura y componentes actuales. Estos hallazgos son fundamentales para entender la evolución y el funcionamiento de la gestión de recursos humanos en el contexto gubernamental ecuatoriano, lo que puede servir de base para investigaciones futuras y mejoras en este ámbito.

Abstract This article focuses on examining the Integrated Human Talent Management System in the Ecuadorian Public Sector, with the purpose of analyzing its historical evolution and its current structure. To carry out this research, specific activities were carried out. Firstly, a compilation of historical information related to human resources management in the Ecuadorian public service was carried out. This included the review of documents, records and bibliographic sources to understand the evolution of this management over time. In addition, a literature survey related to personnel management in the public service was carried out, exploring previous research and academic articles. A thorough review of the current legislation related to this system was also carried out, allowing the identification of the legal frameworks and regulations that govern human resources management in the public sector. Finally, a detailed analysis of the components that make up the system was carried out, including human talent planning, job classification, recruitment and selection of personnel, training and professional development, performance evaluation and occupational health. This study provides a complete understanding of the human talent management system in the Ecuadorian public sector, from its historical background to its current structure and components. These findings are fundamental to understand the evolution and functioning of human resources management in the Ecuadorian government context, which can serve as a basis for future research and improvements in this area.

Resumo A gestão de conflitos surge como uma alternativa viável para abordar as causas subjacentes quando surgem diferenças entre os membros de uma organização. Este artigo tem como objetivo propor um modelo de conciliação para gerir as causas de conflito entre os alunos de espanhol como segunda língua e o pessoal docente costa-riquenho de uma agência estrangeira, responsável pela preparação de candidatos voluntários em aspectos culturais, linguísticos e técnicos para o seu futuro emprego. Baseia-se nos resultados de uma investigação anterior que identificou as causas do conflito em ambos os grupos. O modelo de conciliação com uma abordagem colaborativa foi escolhido, uma vez que procura satisfazer todas as partes envolvidas através de uma estratégia em que todos ganham. Como resultado, foi concebido um modelo de conciliação em três fases, que inclui várias actividades presenciais e virtuais adaptadas ao período de formação limitado de três meses oferecido pela agência. Além disso, o modelo é apoiado por princípios de administração estratégica da educação, incluindo um ciclo de transformação e melhoria contínua que começa com a visão e a missão da entidade e continua com fases de planeamento, organização, avaliação e feedback

Résumé La gestion des conflits apparaît comme une alternative viable pour traiter les causes sous-jacentes lorsque des différences apparaissent entre les membres d’une organisation. Cet article vise à proposer un modèle de conciliation pour gérer les causes de conflit entre les apprenants d’espagnol en tant que deuxième langue et le personnel enseignant costaricien d’une agence étrangère, qui est chargée de préparer les candidats volontaires aux aspects culturels, linguistiques et techniques de leur futur emploi. Il est basé sur les résultats d’une recherche antérieure qui a identifié les causes du conflit dans les deux groupes. Le modèle de conciliation avec une approche collaborative a été choisi, car il cherche à satisfaire toutes les parties impliquées grâce à une stratégie gagnant-gagnant. En conséquence, un modèle de conciliation en trois étapes a été conçu, qui comprend diverses activités en personne et virtuelles adaptées à la période de formation limitée de trois mois offerte par l’agence. En outre, le modèle s’appuie sur les principes de l’administration stratégique de l’éducation, y compris un cycle de transformation et d’amélioration continue qui commence par la vision et la mission de l’entité et se poursuit par des étapes de planification, d’organisation, d’évaluation et de retour d’information.

Abstract Conflict management emerges as a viable alternative for addressing underlying causes when differences arise among members of an organization. This paper aims to propose a conciliation model to manage the causes of conflict between learners of spanish as a second language and costa rican teaching staff at a foreign agency, which is responsible for preparing volunteer candidates in cultural, linguistic, and technical aspects for their future job. It is based on the results of previous research that identified the causes of conflict in both groups. The conciliation model with a collaborative approach was chosen, as it seeks to satisfy all the parties involved through a win-win strategy. As a result, a three-stage conciliation model was designed, which includes various in-person and virtual activities tailored to the limited three-month training period offered by the agency. In addition, the model is supported by principles of strategic educational administration, including a cycle of transformation and continuous improvement that begins with the vision and mission of the entity and continues with stages of planning, organizing, evaluating, and providing feedback

Resumen La gestión de conflictos se presenta como una alternativa posible para resolver las causas subyacentes cuando emergen diferencias entre los miembros de una organización. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo proponer un modelo de conciliación para gestionar las causas de conflicto entre aprendientes del español como segunda lengua y el profesorado costarricense de una agencia extranjera, la cual está encargada de preparar a aspirantes a voluntariado en aspectos culturales, lingüísticos y técnicos para su futura labor. Se fundamentó en los resultados de una investigación previa que identificó las causas de conflicto en ambos grupos. Se seleccionó el modelo de conciliación por su enfoque colaborativo, que busca satisfacer a todas las partes involucradas mediante una estrategia de ganar-ganar. Como resultado, se diseñó un modelo de conciliación de tres etapas que incluye diversas actividades presenciales y virtuales, diseñadas para ajustarse al periodo limitado de tres meses de capacitación que ofrece la agencia. Además, el modelo se sustenta en principios de administración educativa estratégica, incluyendo un ciclo de transformación y mejora continua que comienza con la visión y misión de la entidad, y continúa con etapas de planificación, organización, evaluación y retroalimentación.

Resumen La atención a los fines del trabajo es una exigencia a la altura de los impedimentos contemporáneos para pensar y debatir esta cuestión. La intensificación y dispersión del trabajo, así como su precarización, fomentan la concentración en el presente en detrimento de la proyección temporal que implica la atención a sus finalidades. Las experiencias vitales revelan los conflictos de finalidad (intrapsíquicos, interpersonales, sociales, políticos) en el seno del trabajo. Estas experiencias de ruptura biográfica, como la crisis de salud y sus confinamientos, pueden conducir a una reevaluación del sentido de la vida y del trabajo. Permiten romper con la negación de la interdependencia de nuestras esferas vitales y reavivar la cuestión del sentido del trabajo. Las preguntas sobre los objetivos perseguidos, la utilidad social de las contribuciones individuales, la posibilidad de asociar el trabajo al desarrollo personal, territorial, social y medioambiental, y las cuestiones éticas y políticas asociadas, abren un vasto campo de debate que nos permitirá retirar el trabajo de la prioridad concedida al empleo.

Résumé L’attention portée aux finalités du travail est une exigence à la mesure des empêchements contemporains de penser et débattre de cette question. L’intensification et la dispersion du travail, mais aussi sa précarisation, favorisent une focalisation sur le présent au détriment de la projection temporelle que suppose l’attention portée à ses finalités. Des expériences de la vie constituent des révélateurs des conflits de visées (intrapsychiques, interpersonnels, sociaux, politiques...) au cœur du travail. Ces expériences de rupture biographique telle que la crise sanitaire et ses confinements peuvent conduisent à une réévaluation du sens de la vie et du travail. Elles nous permettre de rompre avec le déni des interdépendances de nos domaines de vie et de raviver la question du sens du travail. Les interrogations sur les objectifs poursuivis, s l’utilité sociale des contributions singulières, la possibilité d’associer travail et développement personnel, territorial, social, environnemental, les questions éthiques et politiques associées, ouvrent alors un vaste champ de débats permettant de désincarcérer le travail de cette priorité donnée à l’emploi.

Resumo A atenção aos propósitos do trabalho é uma exigência proporcional aos impedimentos contemporâneos para pensar e debater essa questão. A intensificação e a dispersão do trabalho, bem como sua casualização, incentivam o foco no presente em detrimento da projeção temporal implícita na atenção aos seus propósitos. As experiências de vida revelam os conflitos de propósitos (intrapsíquicos, interpessoais, sociais, políticos) no cerne do trabalho. Essas experiências de rutura biográfica, como a crise de saúde e seus confinamentos, podem levar a uma reavaliação do significado da vida e do trabalho. Elas nos permitem romper com a negação da interdependência de nossas esferas da vida e reavivar a questão do significado do trabalho. As perguntas sobre os objetivos perseguidos, a utilidade social das contribuições individuais, a possibilidade de associar o trabalho ao desenvolvimento pessoal, territorial, social e ambiental e as questões éticas e políticas associadas abrem um vasto campo de debate que nos permitirá retirar o trabalho da prioridade dada ao emprego.

Abstract Attention to the purposes of work is a requirement commensurate with the contemporary impediments to thinking about and debating this issue. The intensification and dispersion of work, as well as its casualization, encourage a focus on the present to the detriment of the temporal projection implied by attention to its purposes. Life experiences reveal the conflicts of purpose (intrapsychic, interpersonal, social, political) at the heart of work. These experiences of biographical rupture, such as the health crisis and its confinements, can lead to a re-evaluation of the meaning of life and work. They enable us to break with the denial of the interdependence of our spheres of life and to revive the question of the meaning of work. Questions about the objectives pursued, the social usefulness of individual contributions, the possibility of associating work with personal, territorial, social and environmental development, and the associated ethical and political issues, all open up a vast field of debate that will enable us to remove work from the priority given to employment.

Abstract This essay aims to systematize the characteristics of the process developed between 2017 - 2023 to build political advocacy towards a reform in Costa Rican technical vocational education and training (TVET), in the framework of the projects called: Link between education and the labor market: under what conditions can technical vocational education and training improve the economic income of the young population? and Thematic Observatory of Technical Vocational Education and Training (OBEFOTEP), from collaborative action research, as a conceptual and methodological approach. In this specific case, collaborative action research has been used as a strategy for accompanying the personnel responsible for making decisions and carrying out curricular and political changes in TVET in Costa Rica, as a mechanism for joint construction, critical comprehensive reflection and continuous improvement based on research evidence. It is based on the experience shared with the Department of Technical Education and Entrepreneurial Skills of the Ministry of Public Education (DETCE - MEP) and the curriculum design and evaluation teams of the National Learning Institute (INA) to carry out actions aimed at curricular transformation and the creation of synergies for joint work under the framework of the National System of Technical Vocational Education and Training (SINEFOTEP). Collaborative action research not only allows the appropriation of research processes by all participating social actors, but also the possibility of generating research evidence that allows for feedback and key information regarding the reforms, since the greatest contribution of this strategy is the trust and credibility shared in the process, which is fundamental for decision making.

Resumen Este ensayo tiene como objetivo presentar las características del proceso de acompañamiento a instituciones vinculadas con la educación y formación técnica profesional (EFTP) desarrollado entre el 2017-2023 para construir incidencia política hacia una reforma de la EFTP costarricense, en el marco de los proyectos denominados: Vínculo entre educación y el mercado laboral: ¿bajo cuáles condiciones puede la educación y formación técnica profesional mejorar el ingreso económico de la población joven? y Observatorio Temático de la Educación y Formación Técnica Profesional (OBEFOTEP), desde la investigación acción colaborativa, como enfoque conceptual y metodológico. En el caso específico se ha utilizado la investigación acción colaborativa como la estrategia de apoyo y seguimiento al personal responsable de tomar decisiones y de realizar los cambios tanto curriculares como políticos en la EFTP en Costa Rica, como un mecanismo de construcción conjunta, reflexión comprensiva crítica y de mejora continua basada en evidencia producto de la investigación. Se retoma en la experiencia compartida con el Departamento de Educación Técnica y Capacidades Emprendedoras del Ministerio de Educación Pública (DETCE - MEP) y los equipos de diseño curricular y evaluación del Instituto Nacional de Aprendizaje (INA) para realizar acciones con miras a la transformación curricular y creación de sinergias para el trabajo en conjunto bajo el marco del Sistema Nacional de Educación y Formación Técnica Profesional (SINEFOTEP). La investigación acción colaborativa, no solo permite la apropiación de procesos investigativos de todos los actores sociales participantes, sino también la posibilidad de generar evidencias de investigación que permitan realimentar las reformas y contar con información clave respecto a estas, ya que la mayor contribución de esta estrategia es la confianza y la credibilidad compartida en el proceso, pues es fundamental para la toma de decisiones.

ABSTRACT Occupational diseases are chronic conditions, directly caused by the exercise of the profession or occupation performed by the worker and as a result of exposure to risk factors. The objective of the research is to evaluate the ergonomic conditions and the prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries in the health personnel of the Pablo Jaramillo Foundation. To achieve this objective, analytical-synthetic methods were used to analyze the specialized literature, historical-logical methods to understand the evolution of ergonomic conditions in health personnel, and the inductive-deductive approach to examine the data in detail and decompose the variables before reintegrating them. The results revealed that the largest group in the evaluation was between 30 and 39 years old, with a female predominance. Musculoskeletal complaints were identified, with the most frequent being in the neck and shoulders. A total of 71.429% reported discomfort in the neck and 52.381% in the shoulder. The need for prevention strategies and awareness of healthy working conditions was highlighted.

RESUMEN Las enfermedades profesionales u ocupacionales, son afecciones crónicas, causadas de una manera directa por el ejercicio de la profesión u ocupación que realiza el trabajador y como resultado de la exposición a factores de riesgo. El objetivo de la investigación es evaluar las condiciones ergonómicas y las lesiones musculoesqueléticas en los profesionales de salud de la Fundación Pablo Jaramillo. Para lograr este objetivo, se emplearon métodos como el analítico-sintético para analizar la bibliografía especializada, el histórico-lógico para comprender la evolución de las condiciones ergonómicas en el personal de salud, y el enfoque inductivo-deductivo para examinar de manera detallada los datos y descomponer las variables antes de reintegrarlas. Los resultados revelaron que el grupo más numeroso en la evaluación tenía entre 30 y 39 años, con predominio femenino. Se identificaron molestias musculoesqueléticas, siendo las más frecuentes en el cuello y hombros. El 71.42% reportó molestias en el cuello, y el 52.38% en el hombro. Se destaca la necesidad de estrategias de prevención y concientización sobre condiciones laborales saludables.

ABSTRACT The purpose of this research was to evaluate the psychological effects of the pandemic confinement that occurred during 2020 in students, teachers, administrative and service personnel, belonging to the faculty of education, science, and technology of a public university in the north of Ecuador. The study took place after the mandatory confinement period was decreed in March 2020 by the Presidency of Ecuador, to protect the health of the population during the critical period of the pandemic caused by the covid-19 virus. In this exploratory cross-sectional study, a survey made up of demographic questions and a screening test called SPEC (Psychological Screening in Critical Events) was used. The sample was 1444 people, and it was implemented through electronic means distributed through the digital channels of the institution. The results showed that there is a high population with problems related to anxiety (19.7%), depression (11.7%), trauma (10.3%), aggressiveness (32.6%), and even suicide (8.9%) and that comorbidity is very common in many cases of the problems evaluated.

RESUMO O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar os efeitos psicológicos do confinamento pandémico ocorrido durante 2020 em estudantes, professores, pessoal administrativo e de serviço pertencentes à faculdade de educação, ciência e tecnologia de uma universidade pública no norte do Equador. O estudo ocorreu após o período de confinamento obrigatório decretado em março de 2020 pela Presidência do Equador, visando proteger a saúde da população durante o período crítico da pandemia causada pelo vírus covid-19. Neste estudo exploratório transversal, utilizou-se uma pesquisa composta por perguntas demográficas e um teste de triagem chamado SPEC (Avaliação Psicológica em Eventos Críticos). A amostra foi composta por 1444 pessoas e foi implementada por meio de meios eletrônicos distribuídos pelos canais digitais da instituição. Os resultados mostraram que há uma alta proporção da população com problemas relacionados à ansiedade (19,7%), depressão (11,7%), trauma (10,3%), agressividade (32,6%) e até mesmo suicídio (8,9%), e que a comorbidade é muito comum em muitos casos dos problemas avaliados.

RESUMEN El propósito de esta investigación fue evaluar los efectos psicológicos del confinamiento por pandemia acaecido durante 2020 en estudiantes, profesores, personal administrativo y de servicio de la facultad de educación, ciencia y tecnología de una universidad pública en el norte de Ecuador. El estudio tuvo lugar después de dicho período decretado por la Presidencia de Ecuador, para proteger la salud de la población durante el período crítico de la pandemia causada por el virus covid-19. En este estudio exploratorio transversal, se utilizó una encuesta compuesta por preguntas demográficas y una prueba de cribaje llamada SPEC (Evaluación Psicológica en Eventos Críticos). La muestra fue de 1444 personas y se implementó a través de medios electrónicos distribuidos por los canales digitales de la institución. Los resultados mostraron que existe una alta población con problemas relacionados con la ansiedad (19.7%), depresión (11.7%), trauma (10.3%), agresividad (32.6%) e incluso suicidio (8.9%), y que la comorbilidad es muy común en muchos casos de los problemas evaluados.

Resumen A través de metodología de carácter descriptivo, abordaje cualitativo y estrategia bibliográfica, se realizó el estudio de disertaciones, tesis y artículos científicos, sobre el Plan de Desarrollo Institucional (PDI), buscando responder a la pregunta: ¿Cuál es la producción académica y científica sobre PDI, en el período de 2012 a 2021, en el contexto de la Evaluación Institucional en las Instituciones Federales de Enseñanza Superior (Ifes)? El objetivo fue mapear, a través de consulta a las bases de datos de la Coordinación de Perfeccionamiento de Personal de Nivel Superior (Capes), de la Biblioteca Digital Brasileña de Tesis y Disertaciones (BDTD) y a la base de datos de la Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), tales publicaciones. Se constató una producción académica y científica muy pequeña, sobre Plan de Desarrollo Institucional, percibiéndose la carencia de publicaciones actualizadas, utilizando múltiples abordajes sobre el tema. descriptivo bibliográfica disertaciones científicos PDI , (PDI) pregunta Cuál 201 2021 Ifes (Ifes) mapear Capes, Capes (Capes) BDTD (BDTD SciELO, SciELO (SciELO) pequeña actualizadas tema (PDI 20 202 (Ifes (Capes (SciELO 2

Abstract Through a descriptive methodology, with a qualitative approach and using a bibliographic strategy, a survey of dissertations, theses and scientific articles was carried out about the Institutional Development Plan (PDI). The research sought to answer the question: What is the academic and scientific production on PDI, from 2012 to 2021, in the context of Institutional Assessment in Federal Institutions of Higher Education (Ifes)? The objective was to map, by consulting the databases of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (Capes), the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (BDTD) and the Scientific Electronic Library Online database (SciELO), such publications. It was found that there are few academic and scientific productions on the PDI, with no updated and multiapproach publications about the topic. methodology strategy dissertations PDI. PDI . (PDI) question 201 2021 Ifes (Ifes) map Capes, Capes , (Capes) BDTD (BDTD SciELO, SciELO (SciELO) topic (PDI 20 202 (Ifes (Capes (SciELO 2

Resumo Através de metodologia de caráter descritivo, abordagem qualitativa e estratégia bibliográfica, realizou-se o levantamento de dissertações, teses e artigos científicos, sobre o Plano de Desenvolvimento Institucional (PDI), buscando responder à pergunta: Qual a produção acadêmica e científica sobre PDI, no período de 2012 a 2021, no contexto da Avaliação Institucional nas Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior (Ifes)? O objetivo foi mapear, através de consulta aos bancos de dados da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes), da Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD) e à base de dados da Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), tais publicações. Constatou-se uma produção acadêmica e científica muito pequena, sobre PDI, percebendo-se a carência de publicações atualizadas, utilizando múltiplas abordagens sobre o tema. descritivo bibliográfica realizouse realizou se dissertações científicos PDI , (PDI) pergunta 201 2021 Ifes (Ifes) mapear Capes, Capes (Capes) BDTD (BDTD SciELO, SciELO (SciELO) Constatouse Constatou pequena percebendose percebendo atualizadas tema (PDI 20 202 (Ifes (Capes (SciELO 2

ABSTRACT Objective. To estimate the costs incurred in the control of Aedes aegypti in the Loreto region, during the years 2017 and 2018. Materials and methods. We conducted a partial retrospective economic evaluation of the costs of Aedes aegypti control of the Regional Health Directorate Loreto, during the implementation of the Regional Plan for Surveillance and Control of Aedes aegypti. Documentation such as plans, intervention reports and payment slips were reviewed, and interviews were conducted with professional personnel involved in vector control, on the costs of control interventions. Results. We found that the costs incurred in dengue vector control in the Loreto Region in the two years were: PEN 3,807,858 and PEN 4,066,380 during 2017 and 2018, respectively (USD 1,175,264 and USD 1,1210,232 at the 2017 and 2018 exchange rate). However, the effect of control activities is short-lived. Conclusions. The high cost involved in vector control with the methods currently used and the short duration of its effect make it unsustainable. Studies should be conducted in order to find other more efficient methods for dengue control.

RESUMEN Objetivo. Estimar los costos incurridos en el control del Aedes aegypti en la región Loreto, en los años 2017 y 2018. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó una evaluación económica retrospectiva parcial de los costos del control del Aedes aegypti de la Dirección Regional de Salud Loreto, durante la ejecución del Plan Regional de Vigilancia y Control de Aedes aegypti. Se revisó documentación como planes, informes de intervenciones y planillas de pago y se realizaron entrevistas al personal profesional implicado en el control vectorial, sobre los costos de las intervenciones de control. Resultados. Se halló, que los costos incurridos en el control del vector del dengue en la Región Loreto en los dos años estudiados ascienden a: 3,807,858 PEN y 4,066,380 PEN durante el 2017 y 2018, respectivamente (1´175,264 USD y 1´1210,232 USD al tipo de cambio del 2017 y 2018). Sin embargo, el efecto de las actividades de control es de corta duración. Conclusiones. El alto costo que implica el control vectorial con los métodos usados actualmente y la corta duración de su efecto lo hace insostenible. Se deben realizar estudios para hallar otros métodos más eficientes para el control del dengue.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between caregiver burden, family adaptation, partnership, growth, affection, and resolve score, anxiety levels, and the perceived social support of the relatives of patients who had open heart surgery. METHODS: Volunteers among the relatives of patients who had open heart surgery in our cardiovascular surgery clinic and were followed up in the first 3 months were included in the study. The cardiovascular surgeons recorded the sociodemographic data of the relatives of the patients and directed them to a psychiatry clinic for further evaluation. The caregiver burden scale, family adaptation, partnership, growth, affection, and resolve scale, anxiety level scale, and perceived social support scale were applied to the relatives of the patients who participated in the study. RESULTS: Within the scope of the study, a total of 51 individuals, 29.4% (n=15) men and 70.6% (n=36) women, were included in the evaluation. The participants’ ages ranged from 32 to 68 years, with an average age of 48 years. There was a statistically significant relationship between the caregiving burden scale score and the scale scores other than age (p<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in terms of caregiving burden scale score, working status, physical and psychological problems, changes in home life, and changes in family relationships (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The fact that the need for security and intimacy is related to anxiety and depression can be interpreted as the caregiving problems of the relatives of the patients who think that their patients are safe and feel closer to the intensive care personnel will decrease. Their depression and anxiety levels will also decrease. OBJECTIVE adaptation partnership growth affection METHODS evaluation RESULTS 5 individuals 294 29 4 29.4 n=15 n15 n 15 (n=15 706 70 6 70.6 n=36 n36 36 (n=36 women participants years p<0.05. p005 p p<0.05 . 0 05 (p<0.05) status life CONCLUSION decrease 2 29. n=1 n1 1 (n=1 7 70. n=3 n3 (n=3 p00 p<0.0 (p<0.05 n= (n= p0 p<0. (p<0.0 (n p<0 (p<0. p< (p<0 (p< (p

Abstract: The use of the ellipsoidal heights of a vessel for measuring the tide allows the diminution of uncertainties of sounding reduction in hydrographic surveys. In this article, the Precise Point Positioning (PPP) and Post-Processing Kinematic (PPK) methods were evaluated by comparing them with data from a tide gauge station while the boat remained moored nearby. When traversing sounding lines, the PPK solution was used as a reference to validate the PPP solution. In all, 12 different periods of surveys were analyzed, distributed throughout the year 2021, in the Guanabara and Ilha Grande Bays, in Rio de Janeiro. The results showed that in comparison with the tide station, when the vessel was moored, the PPK was able to fulfill the strictest criteria (Exclusive Order) of the IHO (International Hydrographic Organization) in 100% of the surveys, while the PPP in 50%. Regarding the use of the PPK as a reference, with the boat both moored and sailing, the PPP met these criteria in 67% for Exclusive Order, 25% for Order 1A and 8% for the 1B. Reducing the vertical uncertainties of hydrographic surveys in shallow waters is useful for all marine and coastal vertical positioning applications, such as integrating terrestrial and marine vertical references. Abstract article (PPP PostProcessing Post Processing (PPK nearby lines 1 analyzed 2021 Bays Janeiro International Organization 100 50 50% sailing 67 25 A 8 1B B applications references 202 10 5 6 2 20

Abstract The Amazon Rainforest is renowned for its extraordinary biodiversity and the ravages of pervasive deforestation. The removal of natural vegetation significantly affects Amazonian streams, leading to alterations in their environmental conditions. In the United States, the Environmental Protection Agency has devised a comprehensive protocol to monitor changes in the environmental quality of streams. Since 2011, the Sustainable Amazon Network has implemented this protocol in Amazonian streams. Our systematic review aimed to address the following questions: i) How widely has the protocol been employed in Amazonian streams?; ii) Is the utilization of this protocol well-distributed across the Amazon Basin?; iii) Which types of land use have been assessed using this protocol?; iv) Which components of the aquatic biota have been studied in conjunction with the protocol?; and, v) Which metrics of the protocol are most crucial for elucidating aquatic biota distribution? We conducted searches using the Web of Science and Google Scholar databases, identifying 34 studies that directly aligned with our objectives. It was observed that the Eastern Amazon had the highest number of streams evaluated. Additionally, aquatic insects emerged as an effective tool when utilized alongside the protocol for evaluating the impacts of changes in land use. Ultimately, the most important metrics for assessing impacts on aquatic biota were shelter availability in the channels, the preservation status of riparian forests, and water quality. We recommend developing a simplified version of this protocol to facilitate its application for research teams with limited personnel and financial resources available for fieldwork. deforestation conditions States 2011 questions i streams? ii welldistributed well distributed Basin Basin? iii protocol? iv v distribution databases 3 objectives evaluated Additionally Ultimately channels forests fieldwork 201 20 2

Resumo A Floresta Amazônica é renomada por sua extraordinária biodiversidade e pelo difundido desmatamento. A remoção da vegetação natural impacta significativamente os riachos amazônicos, levando a alterações em suas condições ambientais. Nos Estados Unidos, a Agência de Proteção Ambiental desenvolveu um protocolo abrangente para monitorar mudanças na qualidade ambiental dos rios. Desde 2011, a Rede Amazônica Sustentável implementou esse protocolo em riachos amazônicos. Nossa revisão sistemática teve como objetivo abordar as seguintes questões: i) Quão amplamente o protocolo foi utilizado em riachos amazônicos? ii) A utilização desse protocolo está bem distribuída na bacia amazônica? iii) Quais tipos de uso da terra foram avaliados com esse protocolo? iv) Quais componentes da biota aquática foram estudados em conjunto com o protocolo? v) Quais métricas do protocolo são mais cruciais para elucidar a distribuição da biota aquática? Conduzimos buscas nas bases de dados Web of Science e Google Scholar, identificando 34 estudos que se alinharam diretamente com nossos objetivos. Observou-se que a Amazônia Oriental teve o maior número de rios avaliados. Além disso, insetos aquáticos surgiram como uma ferramenta eficaz quando utilizados junto ao protocolo para avaliar os impactos das mudanças no uso da terra. Por fim, as métricas mais importantes para avaliar os impactos na biota aquática foram a disponibilidade de abrigo nos canais, o estado de preservação das florestas ripárias e a qualidade da água. Recomendamos o desenvolvimento de uma versão simplificada desse protocolo para facilitar sua aplicação em equipes de pesquisa com recursos financeiros limitados e um número restrito de pessoal disponível para trabalho de campo. desmatamento amazônicos ambientais Unidos 2011 questões i ii amazônica iii iv v Scholar 3 objetivos Observouse Observou disso fim canais água campo 201 20 2