This review provides an overview of the recent progress in organic electrosynthesis in Brazil, ranging from 2013 to 2023. By highlighting the principles, applications, and limitations of various electrosynthetic methodologies, this article aims to contribute to the understanding of basic principles and stimulate research in this field in Brazil. Moreover, the limitations and challenges associated with organic electrosynthesis are covered. Factors such as electrode material selection, solvent effects, and reaction optimization are discussed, highlighting the need for further research and development to overcome these obstacles. Finally, future prospects are outlined. Brazil 201 2023 applications methodologies Moreover covered selection effects discussed obstacles Finally outlined 20 202 2

In recent years, the field of coordination chemistry has experienced a surge in interest regarding the synthesis and characterization of coordination complexes for diverse applications. This study is dedicated to investigating coordination compounds resulting from the interaction of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) with metal ions. The study research places significant emphasis on understanding the stability and thermal behavior of these coordination compounds. The utilization of thermoanalytical techniques is crucial in achieving this goal. Thermal analysis and thermokinetics provide valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms, kinetics, and energetics of these reactions, thereby facilitating the optimization of synthesis procedures. The research employs concurrent techniques, namely thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), to explore the thermal stability and decomposition pathways of these coordination compounds. Thermokinetic models and optimization methodologies are subsequently applied to identify key reaction parameters. The primary aim of this research is to unveil the thermal behavior, stability, and reaction kinetics of aceclofenac coordination compounds, thus contributing significantly to the understanding of thermokinetics and thermal analysis in the domain of coordination chemistry. Specifically, this study is focused on aceclofenac coordination complexes involving lanthanum and gadolinium, with the ultimate goal of advancing the field of coordination chemistry. years applications antiinflammatory anti inflammatory NSAIDs (NSAIDs ions mechanisms reactions procedures TG (TG DSC, DSC , (DSC) parameters Specifically gadolinium (DSC

Cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum Schum.) is an Amazonian fruit rich in antioxidants potential due to its phenolic compounds. Its seeds produce cupulate, a chocolate-like product, and the residue remains rich in biocompounds. This study aimed to optimize and compare microwave-assisted (MAE) and high pressure/temperature extraction (HPTE) of polyphenolic and flavonoid compounds from cupuaçu seed by-products. A Box-Behnken 33 factorial design assessed the influence of extraction time, solid/liquid ratio, and ethanol concentration. Responses included total polyphenol content, total flavonoid content, and anti-radical power via the ABTS (2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) method. In optimum conditions, MAE had the highest total polyphenol content and HPTE for flavonoids. Optimal conditions for both methods were 65% (m/v) ethanol concentration, 45 min extraction time, and 0.03 g mL−1 solid/liquid ratio. MAE and HPTE achieved greater recovery of (−)-epicatechin and (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate compared to percolation. Both techniques proved viable for recovering polyphenols from cupuaçu seed by-products, in less time and with less solvent. Thus, cupuaçu by-products can be a sustainable and functional food source, with MAE and HPTE providing high yields and quality extracts rich in polyphenols. Theobroma Schum. Schum cupulate chocolatelike chocolate like product biocompounds microwaveassisted microwave assisted (MAE pressuretemperature pressure temperature (HPTE byproducts. byproducts by products. products BoxBehnken Box Behnken 3 solidliquid solid liquid ratio concentration antiradical anti radical 2,2azinobis3ethylbenzothiazoline6sulphonic 22azinobis3ethylbenzothiazoline6sulphonic azinobisethylbenzothiazolinesulphonic 2,2 azino bis ethylbenzothiazoline 6 sulphonic 2 acid method flavonoids 65 m/v mv m v (m/v 4 003 0 03 0.0 mL1 mL 1 mL− −epicatechin epicatechin − −epigallocatechin3gallate epigallocatechin3gallate epigallocatechingallate epigallocatechin gallate percolation byproducts, products, solvent Thus source 2azinobis3ethylbenzothiazoline6sulphonic azinobis 22 2, 00 0.

ABSTRACT Deformation intensity analysis for mechanical parts are very important data for machine design. For farm machines, these parameters present difficulties for determination due to its particularities. The Machinery industry searches for advanced technologies to determine the mechanical behavior of parts. This article shows the analysis of the reliability in the application of the laser triangulation technique (LTT) to determine the deformation of the mechanical elements of farm machines. A flat cutting disc with standardized dimension was selected as the object of study, as it is commonly used in farm machines, exhibiting a simple geometry made of steel, making the analysis procedure easier both for experimental execution and for data validation. Displacements of 1.0 mm to 10 mm were applied on the specimen. The theoretical behavior of specimen displacement was defined by finite element modelling with same condition of loading and dimension to compare the generated data by the experimental tests. Results indicated a displacement with maximum variation of 2.56% between experimental data and theoretical results and were considered satisfactory. LTT was able to determine deformation curve behavior of machine elements. It was concluded that Laser Triangulation Technique (LTT) was satisfactory to determine the deformation of a specimen. design machines particularities (LTT study steel validation 1 0 1. tests 256 2 56 2.56 25 5 2.5 2.

This study expands and shows the versatility of applications in hydrophilic interaction chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS/MS) using a FRULIC-N column to determine 31 phenolic compounds in beverage industry residues (coffee, apple juice, beer, and wine). Optimization, via Doehlert design, determined the acetonitrile proportion (50-90%) and pH (3.0-7.0) in the mobile phase (MP). A 22 factorial design assessed the concentration of ammonium acetate (10-110 mmol L-1) in the MP and column temperature (20-60 °C). Injection volume (5-45 µL) was univariately optimized. Separations at 60 °C reduced chromatographic run time to less than 11 min. Gradient elution (500 µL min-1) employed an MP comprising acetonitrile and ammonium acetate (110 mmol L-1, pH 7). Validation demonstrated average coefficient of determination (R2) 0.9707, limit of detection 0.001-0.503 mg L-1 and quantification 0.004-1.524 mg L-1, precision < 12.2%, recovery 92.4-110.8%. The method was applied to five residues, indicating its viability for determining phenolics in beverage production residues. HILICMS/MS HILICMSMS HILIC MS/MS MS (HILIC-MS/MS FRULICN FRULIC N 3 coffee, coffee (coffee juice beer wine. wine . wine) Optimization 5090% 5090 50 90% 90 (50-90% 3.07.0 3070 3.0 7.0 0 7 (3.0-7.0 MP. (MP) 2 10110 10 110 (10-11 L1 L 1 2060 20 (20-6 °C. C °C) 545 5 45 (5-4 optimized 6 min 500 (50 min1 min-1 (11 L1, 1, 7. 7) R2 R (R2 09707 9707 0.9707 0.0010.503 00010503 0.001 0.503 001 503 0.001-0.50 L- 0.0041.524 00041524 0.004 1.524 004 524 0.004-1.52 122 12 12.2% 92.4110.8%. 9241108 92.4 110.8%. 92 4 8 92.4-110.8% HILICMS MSMS 509 9 (50-90 07 3.07. 307 30 3. 70 (3.0-7. (MP 1011 (10-1 206 (20- 54 (5- (5 min- (1 (R 0970 970 0.970 0010 0.0010.50 0001050 0001 0.00 0503 0.50 00 0.001-0.5 0041 0.0041.52 0004152 0004 1524 1.52 52 0.004-1.5 12.2 4110 92.4110.8% 924110 924 92. 1108 110.8% 92.4-110.8 (50-9 3.07 (3.0-7 101 (10- (20 ( 097 97 0.97 0.0010.5 000105 000 0.0 050 0.5 0.001-0. 0.0041.5 000415 152 1.5 0.004-1. 12. 411 92.4110.8 92411 110.8 92.4-110. (50- (3.0- (10 (2 09 0.9 0.0010. 00010 0. 05 0.001-0 0.0041. 00041 15 1. 0.004-1 41 92.4110. 9241 110. 92.4-110 (3.0 0.0010 0.001- 0.0041 0.004- 92.4110 92.4-11 (3. 92.411 92.4-1 (3 92.41 92.4-

Resumo A produção de tintas utilizando resíduos de beneficiamento de granito e mármore é uma nova alternativa para contribuir com o desenvolvimento sustentável na construção civil. Entretanto, a carência de estudos sobre a composição e o desempenho dessas tintas inviabiliza a disseminação desse novo material de construção. Logo, este estudo tem como objetivo investigar a composição dessas tintas utilizando ferramentas estatísticas para obter produtos com desempenho compatível com regulamentações técnicas e tintas comerciais. As formulações de tintas foram definidas através de um planejamento de misturas quaternárias. O teor de sólidos, pH, viscosidade, poder de cobertura e resistência à abrasão foram determinados para todas as amostras. As tintas produzidas com resíduos de granito apresentaram melhor poder de cobertura e resistência à abrasão, pois o resíduo de granito apresenta granulometria mais fina, além de ser predominantemente composto por sílica. Por fim, as tintas produzidas neste estudo e as tintas comerciais apresentaram comportamento semelhante, o que corrobora com o aproveitamento do resíduo do processamento de rochas ornamentais na produção de tintas. civil Entretanto Logo quaternárias sólidos pH viscosidade amostras fina sílica fim semelhante

Abstract The production of paints using waste from granite and marble processing is a new alternative to contribute to sustainable development in civil construction. However, the lack of studies on the composition and performance of these paints makes the dissemination of this new construction material unfeasible. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the composition of these paints using statistical tools to obtain products with performance compatible with technical regulations and commercial paints. The paint formulations were defined through a quaternary mixture planning. The solids content, pH, viscosity, hiding power, and abrasion resistance were determined for all samples. The paints produced with granite waste showed better hiding power and abrasion resistance, as granite waste has a finer granulometry, in addition to being predominantly composed of silica. Finally, the paints produced in this study and the commercial paints showed similar behavior, which supports the use of waste from the processing of ornamental rocks in paint production. However unfeasible Therefore planning content pH viscosity samples granulometry silica Finally behavior

Abstract: This investigation proposes to develop a methodology based on the mean-variance mapping optimization (MVMO) algorithm to reduce the active power losses of the subtransmission system of the Electric Company Quito (EEQ), determining the best operating point of the system, considering the state of taps of the transformers, the capacitor banks and the contribution of reagents from the generation plants that the company currently has. EEQ. The same ones that, when operating in an adequate manner, lead to reducing the value of active power losses in the network, thus improving the operating conditions of the EEQ Electrical Power System.

Resumen: Esta investigación propone desarrollar una metodología basada en el algoritmo de optimización de mapeo media varianza (MVMO) para reducir las pérdidas de potencia activa del sistema de subtransmisión de la Empresa Eléctrica Quito (EEQ), determinando el mejor punto de operación del sistema, considerando el estado de tap’s de los transformadores, los bancos de capacitores y del aporte de reactivos de las centrales de generación con las que cuenta actualmente la EEQ. Los mismos que al operar de una manera adecuada llevan a reducir el valor de las pérdidas de potencia activa en la red, mejorando así las condiciones operativas del Sistema Eléctrico de Potencia de la EEQ.

Abstract The research analyzes the variables that influence the strengthening of business and tax culture through knowledge management. Methodologically, it is a study with a qualitative and analytical approach. The study highlights the importance of knowledge management as a catalyst for improving organizational culture and tax compliance in companies. Variables such as effective communication allow the organization to improve tax and administrative management through the individual knowledge of each employee. The acquisition of skills and knowledge through training and education strengthens the resilience of individuals to regulatory changes. Technology, used as a management and process optimization tool, reduces error variability while increasing efficiency and performance. Teamwork in the execution of tasks facilitates more efficient planning and optimal allocation of individual responsibilities. Finally, by implementing a risk management approach, it is possible to exercise greater diligence in the early detection of errors and minimize their impact on the ongoing business development context.

Resumen La investigación analiza las variables que influyen en el fortalecimiento de la cultura empresarial y tributaria a través de la gestión del conocimiento. A nivel metodológico es un estudio con enfoque cualitativo y analítico. El estudio destaca la importancia de la gestión del conocimiento como un catalizador para mejorar la cultura organizacional y el cumplimiento tributario en las empresas. Variables como la comunicación efectiva, permite en la organización el mejoramiento en la gestión tributaria y administrativa por medio del conocimiento individual de cada trabajador; la adquisición de habilidades y conocimientos a través de la formación y capacitación fortalece la resiliencia de los individuos ante las modificaciones regulatorias; la tecnología, utilizada como un instrumento para la gestión y optimización de los procesos, reduce la variabilidad de errores, al tiempo que aumenta la eficiencia y el rendimiento; el trabajo en equipo en la ejecución de tareas facilita una planificación más eficiente y una asignación óptima de las responsabilidades individuales; y finalmente, mediante la implementación de un enfoque de gestión de riesgos, es posible ejercer una mayor diligencia en la detección temprana de fallos y en la minimización de su impacto en el contexto del desarrollo del negocio en marcha.

Abstract: This work aims to establish reactive power compensation power element that works well together to reduce the proportion of harmonics in the radial distribution network. To improve the voltage and current affected when non-linear loads are integrated into the distribution network. The problem is reflected in growing energy demand, and harmonic disruptions caused by nonlinear loads that threaten energy quality. This method uses two types of filters one of them is the active power filter that is able to generate harmonics canceling signals, the next one is the passive filter which is less efficient in removing harmonics especially in wide frequency ranges. The analysis is carried out in a balanced radial distribution circuit in which a nonlinear charge is integrated into the 3rd bar of the distribution circle. In this case, the voltage and harmonic current are analyzed in bar 3 of the entire radial distribution network and in the load. The results obtained showed a significant reduction in the voltage and current harmonics in bar 3 of the system, decreasing from 3.63% THDv and 13.30% THDi to 0.86% THDV and 0.57% THDI as indicated by IEEE. 1159 and resolution No. ARCERNNR-017/2020.

Resumen: El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo es establecer elemento de potencia de compensación de potencia reactiva que funciona bien en conjunto para reducir la proporción de armónicos en la red de distribución radial. Para mejorar el voltaje y la corriente afectados cuando cargas que no son lineales se integran en la red de distribución. El problema se refleja en el crecimiento de la demanda energética, y las perturbaciones armónicas provocadas por cargas no lineales que amenazan la calidad energética. Este método emplea dos tipos de filtros uno de ellos es el filtro activo de potencia que es capaz de generar señales que cancelan armónicos, el siguiente es el filtro pasivo que es menos eficiente en la eliminación de armónicos especialmente en rangos de frecuencias amplios. Se realizo el análisis en un circuito de distribución radial balanceado en el cual se integra una carga no lineal en la 3ra barra del circuito de distribución. En este caso se analizó la tensión y la corriente armónica en la barra 3 de toda la red de distribución radial y en la carga. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron una reducción significativa de los armónicos de voltaje y corriente en la barra 3 del sistema disminuyendo del 3.63% THDv y 13.30% THDi al 0.86% THDv y 0.57% THDi como indica la norma IEEE. 1159 y la resolución Nro. ARCERNNR-017/2020.

Abstract: The purpose of this article is to achieve optimal coordination for timed overcurrent relays modeled in a test system. The traditional adjustment that is usually used in the field is taken as the base criterion to determine the improvements achieved with the implemented optimization methods. Optimal parameters are determined for two timed overcurrent relays modeled on the IEEE 13-node test system using PowerFactory software. The optimization algorithms are coded in Python. PowerFactory links with Python to generate interoperability between the algorithm and the electrical system. Satisfactory results are achieved from the COA and GSA algorithms with a reduction of more than 50% in relay operating times.

Resumen: El objeto de este artículo es conseguir la coordinación óptima para los relés de sobrecorriente temporizados, modelados en un sistema de prueba. El ajuste tradicional que se emplea usualmente en el campo se toma como criterio base para determinar las mejoras conseguidas con los métodos de optimización implementados. Se determinan parámetros óptimos para dos relés de sobrecorriente temporizados modelados en el sistema de prueba de 13 nodos de la IEEE mediante el software PowerFactory. Los algoritmos de optimización son codificados en Python. Gracias a la interfaz que presenta PowerFactoy con Python, cada algoritmo se ejecuta dentro del sistema eléctrico. Se consiguen resultados satisfactorios de los algoritmos COA y GSA con una reducción de más del 50 % en los tiempos de operación de los relés.

Resumen (Objetivo) El objetivo de este artículo es presentar los resultados de la implementación de un diseño instruccional de enseñanza de la derivada para estudiantes universitarios de la carrera de Ingeniería Comercial en Chile. (Metodología) Las personas participantes del estudio son noventa estudiantes de la asignatura de Cálculo Aplicado a los Negocios de una universidad chilena. El diseño metodológico, basado en las herramientas del Enfoque Ontosemiótico del Conocimiento e Instrucción Matemáticos, considera diversas configuraciones epistémicas en las situaciones-problemas sobre tangentes, el cálculo de derivadas a partir de reglas de derivación, aplicaciones de la derivada para el cálculo de máximos y mínimos y análisis de gráficas de funciones. Además, integra las TIC en las diversas tareas. (Resultados) Los resultados indican que la propuesta instruccional de enseñanza de la derivada supera algunas de las dificultades de aprendizaje de los y las estudiantes, evidenciadas en diversas investigaciones. En particular, las dificultades del estudiantado de Ingeniería Comercial en torno a la concepción euclidiana de la recta tangente; la interpretación de la función “derivada” y su representación geométrica, la optimización de funciones económicas y la aplicación de la derivada a funciones marginales. (Conclusiones) Se concluye que el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje es eficaz, en el sentido de que se consigue el aprendizaje del alumnado de una carrera de ingeniería específica mediante la incorporación, en la instrucción, de diferentes configuraciones epistémicas de la derivada interconectadas, sus diferentes campos de problemas y las aplicaciones contextuales en su profesión, junto al uso de recursos TIC.

Resumo (Objetivo) O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar os resultados da implementação de um desenho instrucional para o ensino da derivada para alunos de graduação em Engenharia de Negócios no Chile. (Metodologia) Os participantes do estudo são noventa alunos da disciplina de Cálculo Empresarial Aplicado de uma universidade chilena. O desenho metodológico, baseado nas ferramentas da Abordagem Ontossemiótica do Conhecimento e Instrução Matemática, considera diversas configurações epistêmicas nas situações-problemas sobre tangentes, cálculo de derivadas a partir de regras de derivadas, aplicações da derivada para o cálculo de máximos e mínimos e análise de gráficos de funções. Além disso, integra as TIC nas diversas tarefas. (Resultados) Os resultados indicam que a proposta instrucional para o ensino da derivada supera algumas das dificuldades de aprendizagem dos alunos, conforme evidenciado em várias pesquisa. Em particular, as dificuldades dos alunos de Engenharia de Negócios sobre a concepção euclidiana da reta tangente; sobre a interpretação da função “derivada” e sua representação geométrica, sobre a otimização de funções econômicas e a aplicação da derivada a funções marginais. (Conclusões) Conclui-se que o processo de ensino e aprendizagem é eficaz, no sentido de que a aprendizagem dos alunos em um curso de engenharia específico, é alcançada por meio da incorporação, na instrução, de diferentes configurações epistêmicas da derivada interconectadas, dos diferentes campos de problemas e das aplicações contextuais em sua profissão, juntamente ao uso de recursos de TIC.

Abstract (Objective) The objective of this article is to present the results of the implementation of an instructional design for the teaching of the derivative for undergraduate students of Business Engineering in Chile. (Methodology) The participants in the study were ninety students of Applied Business Calculus at a Chilean university. The methodological design, based on the tools of the Ontosemiotic Approach to Mathematical Cognition and Instruction, consider various epistemic configurations in situations-problems concerning tangents, the calculation of derivatives from the rules for derivation, applications of the derivative for the calculation of maxima and minima, and analysis of graphs of functions. In addition, it integrates ICT into various activities. (Results) The results indicate that the instructional proposal for teaching the derivative overcomes some of students’ learning difficulties, as shown in various research studies. In particular, these include the difficulties that Business Engineering students have with the Euclidean conception of the tangent line, the interpretation of the derivative function and its geometric representation, the optimization of economic functions, and the application of the derivative to marginal functions. (Conclusions) It is concluded that the teaching and learning process is effective, in the sense that student learning for a specific engineering career is achieved by instruction that incorporates different interconnected epistemic configurations of the derivative, its different fields of problems, and contextual applications in their profession, together with the use of ICT resources.

Abstract Background Recently, it was demonstrated that allopurinol, a xanthine oxidase inhibitor, has cardiovascular and anti-ischaemic properties and may be a metabolic antianginal agent option.Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the antianginal effect of allopurinol as a third drug for patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods This was a randomized clinical trial between 2018 and 2020 including patients with CAD who maintained angina despite initial optimization with beta-blockers and calcium channel blockers. The individuals were randomized 1:1 to 300 mg of allopurinol twice daily or 35 mg of trimetazidine twice daily. The main outcome was the difference in the angina frequency domain of the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ-AF). A probability (p) value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results A hundred and eight patients were included in the randomization phase, with 54 (50%) in the allopurinol group and 54 (50%) in the trimetazidine group. Six (5.6%) individuals, 3 from each group, were lost to follow-up for the primary outcome. In the allopurinol and trimetazidine groups, the median SAQ-AF scores were 50 (30.0 to 70.0) and 50 (21.3 to 78.3), respectively. In both groups, the SAQ-AF score improved, but the median of the difference compared to baseline was lower in the allopurinol group (10 [0 to 30] versus 20 [10 to 40]; p < 0.001), as was the mean of the difference in the total SAQ score (12.8 ± 17.8 versus 21.2 ± 15.9; p = 0.014). Conclusion Both allopurinol and trimetazidine improved the control of angina symptoms; however, trimetazidine presented a greater gain compared to baseline. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials - Registration Number RBR-5kh98y Recently inhibitor antiischaemic anti ischaemic option.Objective optionObjective option Objective CAD. . (CAD) 201 202 betablockers beta blockers 11 1 1: 30 SAQAF. SAQAF AF (SAQ-AF) (p 005 0 05 0.0 significant phase 5 50% (50% 5.6% 56 6 (5.6% followup follow up groups 30.0 (30. 70.0 700 70 21.3 213 21 (21. 78.3, 783 78.3 , 78 78.3) respectively 10 (1 [ 2 [1 40 40] 0.001, 0001 0.001 001 0.001) 12.8 128 12 8 (12. 178 17 17. 212 21. 15.9 159 15 9 0.014. 0014 0.014 014 0.014) symptoms however RBR5kh98y RBRkhy RBR 5kh98y kh y (CAD (SAQ-AF 00 0. (50 5.6 (5.6 30. (30 70. 7 (21 78. ( 4 000 0.00 12. (12 15. 0.01 01 khy (5 5. (5. (3 (2

Resumo Fundamento Recentemente, foi demonstrado que o alopurinol, um inibidor da xantina oxidase, possui propriedades cardiovasculares e anti-isquêmicas e pode ser uma opção de agente antianginoso metabólico. Objetivo O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito antianginoso do alopurinol como terceiro medicamento para pacientes com doença arterial coronariana (DAC) estável. Métodos Trata-se de um ensaio clínico randomizado entre 2018 e 2020 incluindo pacientes com DAC que mantiveram angina apesar da otimização inicial com betabloqueadores e bloqueadores dos canais de cálcio. Os indivíduos foram randomizados 1:1 para 300 mg de alopurinol 2 vezes ao dia ou 35 mg de trimetazidina 2 vezes ao dia. O desfecho principal foi a diferença no domínio da frequência da angina do Questionário de Angina de Seattle (QAS-FA). Foram considerados estatisticamente significativos valores de probabilidade (p) < 0,05. Resultados Foram incluídos 108 pacientes na fase de randomização, com 54 (50%) no grupo alopurinol e 54 (50%) no grupo trimetazidina. Seis (5,6%) indivíduos, 3 de cada grupo, foram perdidos no seguimento para o desfecho primário. Nos grupos de alopurinol e trimetazidina, as pontuações medianas do QAS-FA foram 50 (30,0 a 70,0) e 50 (21,3 a 78,3), respectivamente. Em ambos os grupos, a pontuação do QAS-FA melhorou, mas a mediana da diferença em relação à linha de base foi menor no grupo alopurinol (10 [0 a 30] versus 20 [10 a 40]; p < 0,001), assim como a média da diferença na pontuação total do QAS (12,8 ± 17,8 versus 21,2 ± 15,9; p = 0,014). Conclusão Tanto o alopurinol quanto a trimetazidina melhoraram o controle dos sintomas de angina; no entanto, a trimetazidina apresentou um ganho maior em relação à linha de base. Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos – Número de Registro RBR-5kh98y Recentemente oxidase antiisquêmicas anti isquêmicas metabólico (DAC estável Tratase Trata se 201 202 cálcio 11 1 1: 30 QASFA. QASFA FA . (QAS-FA) (p 005 0 05 0,05 10 randomização 5 50% (50% 5,6% 56 6 (5,6% primário 30,0 (30, 70,0 700 70 21,3 213 21 (21, 78,3, 783 78,3 , 78 78,3) respectivamente melhorou (1 [ [1 40 40] 0,001, 0001 0,001 001 0,001) 12,8 128 12 8 (12, 178 17 17, 212 21, 15,9 159 15 9 0,014. 0014 0,014 014 0,014) entanto RBR5kh98y RBRkhy RBR 5kh98y kh y (QAS-FA 00 0,0 (50 5,6 (5,6 30, (30 70, 7 (21 78, ( 4 000 0,00 12, (12 15, 0,01 01 khy 0, (5 5, (5, (3 (2

ABSTRACT Whey is a residue from the cheese industry whose use as a raw material in human food formulations has been studied, mainly due to its nutritional composition and the negative impact it has on the environment when discarded. The objective of the present investigation was to obtain a dairy dessert from whey proteins. The numerical optimization method was used through an I-Optimal response surface. The selected factors were: protein (cottage cheese), xanthan gum, starch and system water, the variations were subject to the maximum allowable of these components for the mixture. The variables appearance, texture, general acceptance and stability. The sensory characterization of the dessert was carried out with five tasters from the Science Department of the Food Industry Research Institute, who generated the descriptors using the controlled association method. The selected formulation presented a protein content (cottage cheese) of 33.21%; 0.158% xanthan gum, 4.43 starch, 46% water and 16.2% sugar. The sensory evaluation allowed to establish the descriptors, color, homogeneity, strawberry smell, milky note in the smell, strawberry flavor, milky flavor, sweet flavor, acid flavor, consistency and creaminess. The overall impression for the quality turned out to be excellent.

RESUMEN El lactosuero es un residuo de la industria quesera cuyo aprovechamiento como materia prima en formulaciones alimentarias para humanos ha sido estudiado, principalmente por su composición nutricional y por el impacto negativo que tiene sobre el medio ambiente cuando se desecha. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue obtener un postre lácteo a partir de proteínas del lactosuero. Se utilizó el método de optimización numérica a través de una superficie respuesta I-Óptimo. Los factores seleccionados fueron: proteína (requesón), goma xantana, almidón y agua del sistema, las variaciones estuvieron sujetas al máximo permisible de estos componentes para la mezcla. Se evaluaron las variables: apariencia, textura, aceptación general y estabilidad. La caracterización sensorial del postre se realizó con cinco catadores de la Dirección de Ciencias del Instituto de Investigaciones para la Industria Alimenticia, quienes generaron los descriptores mediante el método de asociación controlada. La formulación seleccionada presentó un contenido de proteína (requesón) de 33,21 %; 0,158 % de goma xantana, 4,43 de almidón, 46 % de agua y 16,2 % de azúcar. La evaluación sensorial permitió establecer los descriptores, color, homogeneidad, olor a fresa, nota láctea en el olor, sabor a fresa, sabor lácteo, sabor dulce, sabor ácido, consistencia y cremosidad. La impresión general para la calidad resultó ser excelente.

The selection of open-pit slope angles involves high-value decisions with small changes in slope angle, often representing significant changes in net present value. The existing methods used to define design acceptance criteria have evolved from factor of safety to probability of failure (P[F]) to risk consequence to risk frontiers, which represents current state of the art. Current design acceptance measures are based on references to published tables representing the experience and judgement of their authors, who did not specify the purpose of the measures contained therein. As the purpose of the published design acceptance criteria is not specified (i.e., definite stability, marginal stability, optimization, etc.), such tables cannot be used to achieve optimum slope angles that maximize profitability. This paper develops a design acceptance criterion that maximizes profitability by defining a formulation for optimum risk that balances expected risk and reward. The model developed is titled the Mining Risk Model (MRM), and is applied to open-pit slope angle selection through an equation for optimum probability of downside (P[£)]O) that balances the upside or opportunity, the P[F], and the downside impact. This formulation for optimum risk is unique, as many authors have presented objective functions for their risk models that can be optimized, but none of the sources reviewed contained a formulation for optimum risk. The MRM is sufficiently flexible to allow the design performance measure that drives P[F], and hence P[D] O, to be selected based on the intended goal. Furthermore, the essential information that must be known to quantify optimum risk is defined. This allows users to determine what information to collect for optimum risk decisions. A further benefit of the MRM is that slope angle decisions and pit shells can be ranked to select the best option, and a threshold is provided that separates acceptable from unacceptable decisions. Finally, the workflow and information required to determine optimum risk are presented.

The South African mineral resource royalty system, initiated in 2010, employs a hybrid ad valorem approach tied to profitability ratios. This rate is then applied to the total revenue from mineral sales. In this article we explore how the profitability ratio in the mineral resource royalty formulae interacts with the gold tax formula as applied to South African gold mines, devising a strategy for cut-off grade optimization. The study focuses on nine narrow, tabular-reef (Witwatersrand) gold mines. The approach involves a mixed-integer cut-off grade optimizer utilizing Excel Solver, incorporating relevant royalty and income tax formulae. Different mineral resource royalty cost scenarios were examined. Ignoring these costs in the break-even analysis lowers the cut-off grade but slightly boosts profits compared to considering expected costs. The developed optimizer model, recognizing the profitability aspect of the mineral resource royalty and income tax formulae, yielded a 6% lower cut-off grade than the base case. This is significant for increasing mine life. While the profit differences are marginal (0.2% compared to the break-even base case), substantial improvements were noted: a 6% increase in stope tons above cut-off grade, and a 4% rise in total revenue. Enhanced resource utilization (3% extra gold kilograms) reduces necessary development and overall costs, allowing for a reduction in the cut-off grade and ultimately, more profit.