Resumen Introducción : Actualmente se define al paciente como adulto mayor (AM) si su edad es al menos de 60 años. Dada la expectativa de vida prolongada resulta intere sante evaluar si todos los AM con infarto agudo de mio cardio (IAM) son iguales. Los objetivos fueron conocer la prevalencia de AM en el IAM y dentro de ellos, la de los ≥75 años y analizar características, tratamientos de reperfusión y mortalidad intrahospitalaria de acuerdo a si son < o ≥ 75 años. Métodos : Se analizaron los pacientes AM ingresados en el Registro Nacional de Infarto con supra desnivel del segmento ST (ARGEN-IAM-ST). Se los dividió en grupo 1: 60-74 años y grupo 2: ≥ 75 años y se compararon entre sí. Resultados : AM 3626, 75.92% del Grupo 1, el resto del Grupo 2. En el grupo 2 hubo más mujeres, hipertensos y con antecedentes coronarios. Hubo similar porcentaje de diabetes y dislipidemia, pero menos de tabaquistas. En el Grupo 2 se empleó menos tratamiento de reperfusión (aunque más angioplastia primaria), con similar tiempo puerta-balón. Los pacientes del Grupo 2 recibieron me nos medicamentos de probada eficacia y en la evolución hospitalaria, más sangrado (aunque no mayor), más insuficiencia cardíaca y más mortalidad: 18.3% vs 9.4%, p<0.001. La edad ≥75 años fue predictor independiente de mortalidad. Conclusiones : Uno de cada cuatro AM con IAM tiene más de 75 años; estos pacientes reciben menos reper fusión, presentan más insuficiencia cardíaca y sangrado y tienen el doble de mortalidad que los pacientes de entre 60 y 74 años.

Abstract Introduction : Currently the patient is defined as an older adult (OA) when the age is at least 60 years. Given the long life expectancy, it is interesting to evaluate whether all OAs with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are equal. The objectives were to know the prevalence of OA in AMI and within them, that of those ≥75 years of age and to analyze characteristics, reperfusion treat ments and in-hospital mortality according to whether they are < or ≥ 75 years of age. Methods : OA patients admitted to the National Reg istry of Infarction with ST segment elevation (ARGEN-IAM-ST) were analyzed. They were divided into group 1: 60-74 years old and group 2: ≥ 75 years old and compared with each other. Results : 3626 AM, 75.9% from Group 1, the rest from Group 2. In group 2 there were more women, hyperten sive and with a history of coronary arteries. There was a similar percentage of diabetes and dyslipidemia, but fewer of smokers. In Group 2, less reperfusion treat ment was used (although more primary angioplasty), with similar door-to-balloon time. Patients in Group 2 received fewer medications of proven efficacy and in the hospital course, they had more bleeding (although not major), more heart failure and more mortality: 18.3% vs. 9.4%, p<0.001. Age ≥75 years was an independent predictor of mortality. Conclusions : one in four patients with AMI is over 75 years old; they receive less reperfusion, have more heart failure, bleeding and twice the mortality rate than patients between 60 and 74 years.

INTRODUCTION: Outreach activities (OAs) are structured learning experiences, combining intentional learning goals with services to underserved communities. Oral health students participated on the Phelophepa Train (PT) and school-based programmes (SBPs) as part of their OAs. AIM AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the self-reported experiences of OA amongst undergraduate oral health students. DESIGN: Cross-sectional which included final year dental (N=62) and oral hygiene students (N= 13) registered in 2019. METHODS: Information was obtained using a modified, self-administered questionnaire which included the number and type of procedures performed; work-related limitations, personal work benefits, academic development and civic responsibility RESULTS: The response rate was 93% (N=65) and students performed more procedures on the train compared to the SBP. Most common procedures undertaken by dental students were screening (64%) and restorations (56%) for oral hygiene students it was screenings (92%) and examinations, Assure sealants and screenings 39% on the train and 31% at SBPs. The most common challenges on both the train and SBPs were inadequate materials (74%) and (41%), poor infection control (15%) and (41% and defective equipment (31%) and (38%) respectively. CONCLUSION: Although students performed a variety of clinical services they reported to have faced a number of challenges. The majority of students reported that OAs exposed them to the needs of the communities and encouraged them to improve their independence and accountability towards patients

Abstract We hypothesized that the hCG modulates the expression of IFNT-pathway and ISGs in bovine endometrium during early pregnancy. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the effect of hCG on IFNT-pathway signals and ISGs expression in endometrial cells. For this, 29 non-lactating cross-bread cows were used in the study and submitted to a 9-day fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) protocol. The day of the AI was considered Day 0 (D0), and five days (D5) after the FTAI, the cows were allocated into two groups: Control and hCG group, when a hCG group received a single dose of 2.500UI of hCG. On day 18 after FTAI (D18) cows were slaughtered and endometrial tissue samples were collected. There was no difference between the embryo recovery rate of the cows in C compared to the hCG. The hCG group increased the accessory corpus luteum formation rate. The hCG resulted in greater serum progesterone concentration in the hCG group compared to the C on Day 14. Only the expression of IFNAR2 and STAT1 were upregulated on pregnant cows of the hCG group compared to the C group. The pathway genes (JAK1, STAT2, and IRF9) were not regulated. The mRNA abundance of ISG15, MX1, MX2, and OAS1 was upregulated in pregnant cows for hCG group, compared to C group. The results show that the administration of hCG, 5 days after AI, in addition to increasing the serum progesterone, modulates the expression of IFNT-pathway and ISGs on bovine endometrium on Day 18 of pregnancy. IFNTpathway IFNT pregnancy cells this 2 nonlactating non lactating crossbread cross bread 9day 9 fixedtime fixed time (FTAI protocol D0, D0 D , (D0) D5 (D5 groups 2500UI UI 500UI 1 D18 (D18 collected 14 IFNAR STAT JAK1, JAK1 JAK (JAK1 STAT2 IRF9 IRF regulated ISG15 ISG MX1 MX MX2 OAS (D0 (D D1 (D1 (JAK ISG1

El estudio buscó comprender la influencia de la estrategia Pay for Performance (P4P), por medio del Programa de Mejora del Acceso y Calidad de la Atención Básica (Pmaq-AB), en la actuación de los trabajadores y las trabajadoras. Se trata de un estudio de caso, cualitativo, realizado con los trabajadores y las trabajadoras de las Estrategias de Salud de la Familia. El análisis se realizó mediante la construcción de narrativas. Se constató que el P4P contribuyó para la calificación del proceso de trabajo, al mismo tiempo que incentivó competencia y conflicto entre los equipos, haciendo aflorar los sentimientos de culpa e injusticia y, debido a la precarización del trabajo, el incentivo financiero se descaracteriza pasando a ser complemento salarial. Problemas macroestructurales afectan las condiciones de trabajo y la motivación de los trabajadores y de las trabajadoras, de modo que los modelos de incentivo económico, aisladamente, no son suficientes para revertir ese escenario. P4P, PP , P (P4P) PmaqAB, PmaqAB Pmaq AB (Pmaq-AB) caso cualitativo Familia narrativas equipos salarial económico aisladamente escenario (P4P (Pmaq-AB

This study sought to understand the influence of pay-for-performance (P4P) on worker performance using data from the National Program for Improving Primary Care Access and Quality (PMAQ-AB). We conducted a qualitative case study with professionals working in family health strategy teams. The data were analyzed using the narrative construction technique. The findings show that P4P contributed to the improvement of work processes, while at the same time stimulating competition and conflict between the teams, causing feelings of guilt and injustice. However, the original purpose of the financial incentive is defeated due to poor working terms and conditions, becoming akin to a salary supplement. Macrostructural problems affect working conditions and worker motivation, showing that financial incentive models alone are not sufficient to reverse this situation. payforperformance pay PP P (P4P PMAQAB. PMAQAB PMAQ AB . (PMAQ-AB) teams technique processes injustice However supplement motivation situation (PMAQ-AB

O estudo buscou compreender a influência da estratégia do Pay for Performance (P4P), por meio do Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e Qualidade da Atenção Básica (PMAQ-AB), na atuação do(a)s trabalhadore(a)s. Trata-se de um estudo de caso qualitativo realizado com o(a)s trabalhadore(a)s das Estratégias de Saúde da Família. A análise foi realizada mediante a técnica de construção de narrativas. Constatou-se que o P4P contribuiu para qualificação do processo de trabalho, ao mesmo tempo que estimulou competição e conflito entre as equipes, aflorando sentimentos de culpa e injustiça e, devido à precarização do trabalho, o estímulo financeiro se descaracteriza, tornando-se complemento salarial. Problemas macroestruturais afetam as condições de trabalho e a motivação do(a)s trabalhadore(a)s, de modo que modelos de incentivo financeiro, isoladamente, não são suficientes para reverter tal cenário. P4P, PP , P (P4P) PMAQAB, PMAQAB PMAQ AB (PMAQ-AB) doas s trabalhadoreas. trabalhadoreas trabalhadore s. Tratase Trata oas Família narrativas Constatouse Constatou equipes descaracteriza tornandose tornando salarial trabalhadoreas, s, isoladamente cenário (P4P (PMAQ-AB

This study sought to understand the influence of pay-for-performance (P4P) on worker performance using data from the National Program for Improving Primary Care Access and Quality (PMAQ-AB). We conducted a qualitative case study with professionals working in family health strategy teams. The data were analyzed using the narrative construction technique. The findings show that P4P contributed to the improvement of work processes, while at the same time stimulating competition and conflict between the teams, causing feelings of guilt and injustice. However, the original purpose of the financial incentive is defeated due to poor working terms and conditions, becoming akin to a salary supplement. Macrostructural problems affect working conditions and worker motivation, showing that financial incentive models alone are not sufficient to reverse this situation.

O estudo buscou compreender a influência da estratégia do Pay for Performance (P4P), por meio do Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e Qualidade da Atenção Básica (PMAQ-AB), na atuação do(a)s trabalhadore(a)s. Trata-se de um estudo de caso qualitativo realizado com o(a)s trabalhadore(a)s das Estratégias de Saúde da Família. A análise foi realizada mediante a técnica de construção de narrativas. Constatou-se que o P4P contribuiu para qualificação do processo de trabalho, ao mesmo tempo que estimulou competição e conflito entre as equipes, aflorando sentimentos de culpa e injustiça e, devido à precarização do trabalho, o estímulo financeiro se descaracteriza, tornando-se complemento salarial. Problemas macroestruturais afetam as condições de trabalho e a motivação do(a)s trabalhadore(a)s, de modo que modelos de incentivo financeiro, isoladamente, não são suficientes para reverter tal cenário.

El estudio buscó comprender la influencia de la estrategia Pay for Performance (P4P), por medio del Programa de Mejora del Acceso y Calidad de la Atención Básica (Pmaq-AB), en la actuación de los trabajadores y las trabajadoras. Se trata de un estudio de caso, cualitativo, realizado con los trabajadores y las trabajadoras de las Estrategias de Salud de la Familia. El análisis se realizó mediante la construcción de narrativas. Se constató que el P4P contribuyó para la calificación del proceso de trabajo, al mismo tiempo que incentivó competencia y conflicto entre los equipos, haciendo aflorar los sentimientos de culpa e injusticia y, debido a la precarización del trabajo, el incentivo financiero se descaracteriza pasando a ser complemento salarial. Problemas macroestructurales afectan las condiciones de trabajo y la motivación de los trabajadores y de las trabajadoras, de modo que los modelos de incentivo económico, aisladamente, no son suficientes para revertir ese escenario.

Resumen El término “Organización Alternativa” (OA) se ha utilizado a menudo de forma poco sistemática, remitiendo a concepciones intuitivas y de sentido común. Al mismo tiempo, los autores que lo utilizan aspiran a incorporar la crítica como elemento distintivo de las prácticas organizativas. Este ensayo pretende problematizar el concepto de OA, buscando en la literatura elementos que permitan concebir la crítica como un componente de las prácticas organizativas. Para ello, fue necesario situar la confrontación de los problemas de la realidad social, sin caer en concepciones dogmáticas o relegar la OA a una posición de subordinación. Con el fin de contribuir a la discusión, este ensayo presenta el conjunto de perspectivas críticas encontradas en la literatura que aborda la OA, añadiendo el enfoque relativamente reciente de la crítica inmanente, tal como la concibe Rahel Jaeggi (2018). Se trata de una perspectiva dialéctica no esencialista que toma como punto de partida las reivindicaciones y condiciones planteadas en la realidad social, respondiendo a los problemas y crisis que surgen en el contexto. A partir de ahí, el potencial transformador recae sobre las propias prácticas de organización, buscando transformarlas. Esta perspectiva apunta a un concepto de organización mediadora de soluciones parciales a los problemas que surgen de las contradicciones de la realidad social. Organización Alternativa (OA sistemática común tiempo organizativas ello social subordinación discusión inmanente 2018. 2018 . (2018) contexto ahí transformarlas 201 (2018 20 (201 2 (20 (2 (

Resumo O termo “organização alternativa” (OA) tem sido, frequentemente, utilizado de forma assistemática, remetendo a concepções intuitivas e de senso comum. Ao mesmo tempo, autores que o utilizam aspiram incorporar a crítica como elemento distintivo de práticas organizativas. O presente ensaio objetiva problematizar a concepção de OA, buscando na literatura elementos que permitam conceber a crítica como componente das práticas de organizar. Para tanto, foi necessário situar o enfrentamento dos problemas da realidade social, sem cair em concepções dogmáticas ou relegar as OAs a uma posição de subordinação. No intuito de contribuir com a discussão, este ensaio apresenta uma compilação de perspectivas críticas encontradas na literatura que trata da OA, acrescida da abordagem relativamente recente da crítica imanente (CI), conforme concebida por Rahel Jaeggi (2018). Trata-se de uma perspectiva dialética não essencialista, que toma como ponto de partida as reivindicações e condições postas na realidade social, para responder aos problemas e às crises que se colocam em contexto. Portanto seu potencial transformador centra-se nas próprias práticas de organizar, procurando transformá-las. Essa perspectiva aponta para uma concepção de organização como mediadora na solução parcial de problemas decorrentes das contradições da realidade social. alternativa OA (OA sido frequentemente assistemática comum tempo organizativas organizar tanto social subordinação discussão CI, CI , (CI) 2018. 2018 . (2018) Tratase Trata essencialista contexto centrase centra transformálas. transformálas transformá las. las transformá-las (CI 201 (2018 20 (201 2 (20 (2 (

Abstract The term “alternative organization” (AO) has often been used unsystematically, referring to intuitive and common-sense notions. At the same time, authors who use it strive to incorporate critique as a distinctive element of organizational practice. This essay aims to problematize the concept of open access by searching the literature for elements that allow critique to be conceived as a component of organizing practices. It was necessary to situate the confrontation with the problems of social reality without falling into dogmatic conceptions or relegating OA to a position of subordination. This essay contributes to the debate by presenting a set of critical perspectives found in the literature dealing with OA, adding the relatively recent approach of immanent criticism, as conceived by Rahel Jaeggi (2018). This is a non-essentialist, dialectical perspective that takes the claims and conditions posed in social reality as its starting point, responding to the problems and crises that arise in the context. From there, the transformative potential falls on the practices of organizing themselves and seeks to transform them. This perspective points to a concept of organization that mediates partial solutions to problems arising from the contradictions of social reality. alternative AO (AO unsystematically commonsense common sense notions time practice subordination criticism 2018. 2018 . (2018) nonessentialist, nonessentialist non essentialist, essentialist non-essentialist point context there them 201 (2018 20 (201 2 (20 (2 (

ABSTRACT Introduction: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), can have a significant impact on the mental health of older adults (OAs), patients on dialysis. The high incidence of mental pathologies in dialysis patients may be conditioned by the emotional and physical impact of CKD, the changes in body image that this condition generates and the chemical and hormonal effects that this disease implies. The relevance of the problem in our country is unknown. Objectives: Determine the prevalence of Depression in OAs in patients on hemodialysis at the Angol Hospital. Method: Application of the Yesavage test to detect depression in OAs and the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System Revised Renal (ESAS-r), a test for evaluating the burden of physical and psychosocial symptoms. Results: 100% of the unit's OAs were studied (n:27), average age of 69.85 years (SD+/- 6.22) and an average stay on dialysis of 26 months. The prevalence of depression was 56%, with 60% mild cases and 40% severe. An ESAS-r ≥ 22 points (maximum test score 110) carried an OR 13.75 (95% CI 1.6-162.8, p: 0.0034) for depression. In this test, the sub-items pain, fatigue, dyspnea, general malaise and sadness reached statistical significance (p < 0.05), to correlate with the diagnosis of depression. Conclusions: The prevalence of depression in OAs on chronic dialysis is higher than that described in the literature, is related to a global deterioration in quality of life measured by ESAS-r and seems to be linked to a strong organic basis derived from the symptoms themselves of the CKD.

Resumen Introducción: La Enfermedad Renal Crónica (ERCR), puede tener un impacto significativo en la salud mental de los pacientes adultos mayores (AM), en diálisis, lo que hace que el diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno de la depresión sea un aspecto crucial para considerar en este grupo etario. La alta incidencia de patologías mentales en los pacientes en diálisis puede condicionarse por la alta carga emocional y física de la ERCR, los cambios en la imagen corporal que genera esta condición, además de los efectos químicos y hormonales que implica esta enfermedad. La depresión no solo afecta el bienestar emocional, sino que también puede tener un impacto negativo en la adherencia al tratamiento de diálisis y en la toma de decisiones de salud. Un estudio reciente realizado en Brasil, demostró una prevalencia de depresión del 22.5% en AM en diálisis. Actualmente resulta desconocida la relevancia del problema en nuestro medio. Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia de Depresión en AM y sus factores asociados en pacientes en hemodiálisis en el Hospital de Angol. Población: AM en diálisis que aceptaron ingresar al estudio. Método: Aplicación de test de Yesavage para detección de depresión en AM y del Edmonton Symptom Assessment System Revised Renal (ESAS-r), un método validado de autorreporte de 11 ítems destinados a evaluar la carga de síntomas físicos y psicosociales en pacientes en terapia dialítica. Además, se tomó registro de los parámetros biodemográficos y de laboratorio asociados a la positividad del test de Yesavage. Resultados: Se estudió al 100% de los AM de la unidad (n:27), edad promedio de 69,85 años (DE+/- 6,22), y una permanencia promedio en diálisis de 26 meses. El 52% de los participantes fueron de sexo femenino (Tabla 1). La prevalencia de depresión fue de un 56%, siendo un 60% de los casos leves y un 40% severos. Un ESAS-r ≥ 22 puntos (Puntaje máximo del test 110), conllevó un OR 13.75 (95% IC 1.6-162.8, p: 0.0034), para depresión. En este último test, los sub-ítems dolor, cansancio, disnea, malestar general y tristeza alcanzaron significación estadística (p < 0.05), para correlacionarse con el diagnóstico de depresión (Tabla 2). Conclusiones: La prevalencia de depresión en AM en diálisis crónica es superior a la descrita en la literatura, guarda relación con un deterioro global de la calidad de vida medida por ESAS-r y parece estar vinculada a una fuerte base orgánica derivada de la sintomatología propia de la ERCR.

Abstract In Experiment 1, PBMC were isolated from cows considered healthy or with SCE (n=6/group) on Days 0 (estrus) and 7 (diestrus) of a synchronized estrous cycle. In Experiment 2, on D21 (D0 was defined as the day of Fixed Timed Artificial Insemination (FTAI), cows were evaluated by ultrasonography to assess luteal blood perfusion and PBMC were isolated. On D32, cows were classified into: healthy pregnant (n=7), pregnant with SCE (n=4), healthy non-pregnant (n=8), and non-pregnant with SCE (n=10). Gene expression of ISGs (ISG15, OAS1, MX1 and IFI6) and proinflammatory cytokines (IL1-β, TNF-α and IFN-γ) were determined. Expression of ISG15, MX1, IFI6, TNF-α and IFN-γ did not differ between SCE and healthy cows and between Days 0 and 7. Expression of OAS1 and IL1-β were higher (P=0.02) on Day 7 than Day 0, regardlees of the SCE presence. In Exp.2, ISG15 abundance was 2.5-fold greater (P=0.0008), TNF-α was 2.2-fold greater (P=0.05), and IL1-β tended (P=0.06) to be 2.4-fold higher in pregnant than non-pregnant cows. Luteal blood perfusion was greater (P=0.01) in pregnant animals. In conclusion, OAS1 and IL1-β are transcripts upregulated in PBMC at diestrus, regardless of SCE occurrence. Proinflammatory cytokines are not affected by SCE occurrence, but IL1-β and TNF-α are upregulated in pregnant animals on D21 of pregnancy. ISG15 abundance is a good pregnancy predictor, regardless SCE presence. 1 n=6/group n6group ngroup n 6 group (n=6/group estrus (estrus diestrus (diestrus cycle 2 D D2 D0 (D FTAI, FTAI , (FTAI) D32 into n=7, n7 n=7 (n=7) n=4, n4 n=4 4 (n=4) nonpregnant non n=8, n8 n=8 8 (n=8) n=10. n10 n=10 . 10 (n=10) ISG (ISG15 OAS MX IFI6 IFI IL1β, IL1β ILβ IL1 β, β IL (IL1-β TNFα TNF α IFNγ IFN γ determined P=0.02 P002 P 02 (P=0.02 presence Exp2 Exp Exp.2 ISG1 2.5fold 25fold fold 2.5 5 P=0.0008, P00008 P=0.0008 0008 (P=0.0008) 2.2fold 22fold 2.2 P=0.05, P005 P=0.05 05 (P=0.05) P=0.06 P006 06 (P=0.06 2.4fold 24fold 2.4 P=0.01 P001 01 (P=0.01 conclusion occurrence predictor (FTAI D3 n= (n=7 (n=4 (n=8 n1 n=1 (n=10 (ISG1 P=0.0 P00 (P=0.0 Exp. 5fold 25 2. P0000 P=0.000 000 (P=0.0008 2fold 22 (P=0.05 4fold 24 (n= (n=1 (ISG P=0. P0 (P=0. P000 P=0.00 00 (P=0.000 (n P=0 (P=0 (P=0.00 P= (P= (P

Abstract The pollen-food allergy syndrome, also known as oral allergy syndrome, is characterized by local reactions inthe mouth and throat after consuming certain raw plant foods in individuals sensitized to pollen from grass, weeds, and trees. Birch-apple is the prototype of this syndrome, with apple, pear, and plum being the most commonly associated foods. Symptoms are usually limited to the oral cavity but can include systemic reactions, including anaphylaxis. Sensitization to pollen allergens, such as lipid transfer proteins, profilin, and PR-10 proteins, triggers this syndrome. Its prevalence varies by geographic region and the predominant pollen type, affecting between 30% and 60% of food allergies. Diagnosis involves a clinical history, skin tests, and, in ambiguous cases, double-blind, placebo-controlled oral food challenges. Treatment primarily involves avoiding trigger foods.

Resumen El síndrome de alergia a alimentos y pólenes, también conocido como síndrome polen-alimento o síndrome de alergia oral, se caracteriza por una reacción local en la boca y faringe después de ingerir ciertos alimentos vegetales crudos, en individuos sensibilizados al polen de hierbas, malezas y árboles. El abedul-manzana es el prototipo de este síndrome, siendo la manzana, pera y ciruela los alimentos más comúnmente asociados. Los síntomas suelen limitarse a la cavidad oral, pero pueden incluir reacciones sistémicas, incluida la anafilaxia. La sensibilización a alérgenos de polen, como las proteínas de transferencia de lípidos, profilina y proteínas PR-10, desencadena este síndrome. Su prevalencia varía según la región geográfica y el tipo de polen predominante, afectando entre el 30% y el 60% de las alergias alimentarias. El diagnóstico implica historia clínica,pruebas cutáneas y, en casos ambiguos, pruebas de provocación alimentaria oral. El tratamiento consiste principalmente en evitar los alimentos desencadenantes.

Resumen: El presente trabajo desarrollará algunas indagaciones en torno a la participación de organizaciones evangélicas dentro de redes de sociedad civil en el marco del Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos (SIDH), a través de lo que denominamos como Redes Políticas Evangélicas (RPE), identificando algunas transformaciones en los modos de incidencia de estos colectivos, desde instancias multilaterales hacia anclajes locales, y viceversa. El objetivo es dar cuenta de las nuevas dinámicas transnacionales y multilaterales que operan en espacios ligados al campo evangélico latinoamericano, examinando la participación de Coaliciones Evangélicas en el Diálogo de Sociedad Civil de la Organización de Estados Americanos (OEA) y su impacto en el impulso de narrativas político-morales dentro del llamado neoconservadurismo religioso, para luego analizar cómo estas instancias son instrumentalizadas y operativizadas por agentes locales chilenos. Resumen SIDH, SIDH , (SIDH) RPE, RPE (RPE) colectivos viceversa latinoamericano OEA (OEA políticomorales político morales religioso chilenos (SIDH (RPE

Resumo: Este artigo desenvolverá algumas indagações sobre a participação de organizações evangélicas em redes da sociedade civil no âmbito do Sistema Interamericano de Direitos Humanos (SIDH), por meio do que chamamos de Redes Políticas Evangélicas (RPE), identificando algumas transformações nos modos de incidência desses grupos, de instâncias multilaterais a âncoras locais, e vice-versa. O objetivo é dar conta das novas dinâmicas transnacionais e multilaterais que operam em espaços vinculados ao campo evangélico latino-americano, examinando a participação das Coalizões Evangélicas no Diálogo da Sociedade Civil da Organização dos Estados Americanos (OEA) e seu impacto na promoção de narrativas político-morais dentro do chamado neoconservadorismo religioso, para depois analisar como essas instâncias são instrumentalizadas e operacionalizadas por agentes locais chilenos. Resumo SIDH, SIDH , (SIDH) RPE, RPE (RPE) grupos viceversa. viceversa vice versa. versa vice-versa latinoamericano, latinoamericano latino americano, americano latino-americano OEA (OEA políticomorais político morais religioso chilenos (SIDH (RPE

Abstract: This paper will develop some inquiries about the participation of evangelical organizations within civil society networks within the framework of the Inter-American Human Rights System (SIDH), through what we call Evangelical Political Networks (RPE), identifying some transformations in the modes of incidence of these groups, from multilateral instances to local anchors, and vice versa. The objective is to account for the new transnational and multilateral dynamics that operate in spaces linked to the Latin American evangelical field, examining the participation of Evangelical Coalitions in the Civil Society Dialogue of the Organization of American States (OAS) and its impact on the promotion of political-moral narratives within the so-called religious neoconservatism, to later analyze how these instances are instrumentalized and operationalized by local Chilean agents. Abstract InterAmerican Inter SIDH, SIDH , (SIDH) RPE, RPE (RPE) groups anchors versa field OAS (OAS politicalmoral political moral socalled so called neoconservatism agents (SIDH (RPE

Abstract Objective: to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of occupational accident (OA) indicators and other agribusiness-related health issues in Mato Grosso, Brazil, from 2008 to 2017. Methods: ecological study using trend analysis and correlation calculation between agricultural, forestry, mineral production and OA indicators. Results: slaughtering and meat production (16.9%) and agriculture (12.3%) were the agribusiness activities with the highest contribution to OA. Municipalities considered the largest agricultural producers (Paratininga, Barra do Garças, Alta Floresta and Sorriso) showed the highest OA rates. Of the OA registered in the state, 58.4% were agribusiness-related. Gross value added presented a positive and significant correlation with the incidence rate (r = 0.303; p < 0.001), mortality (r = 0.368; p < 0.001) and lethality (r = 0.390; p < 0.001) by OA. Analysis showed an increasing trend in the annual percentage variation of 7.3% (95%CI: 6.1;8.6) in productive effort (hectare/inhabitant), 6.2% (95%CI: 5.2;7.3) in productive effort (pesticide exposure/inhabitant), and 6.2% (95%CI: 4.1;8.3) in hospitalizations for neoplasms, as well as the growth of agricultural production, agricultural inputs, and health problems. Conclusion: most OAs were related to agribusiness, mainly in meatpacking plants and agriculture. There was a positive correlation between indicators of agricultural production and occupational-related accidents and deaths. Objective (OA agribusinessrelated Grosso Brazil 200 2017 Methods forestry Results 16.9% 169 16 9 (16.9% 12.3% 123 12 3 (12.3% Paratininga, Paratininga (Paratininga Garças Sorriso rates state 584 58 4 58.4 agribusinessrelated. related. r 0.303 0303 0 303 0.001, 0001 0.001 , 001 0.368 0368 368 0.390 0390 390 73 7 7.3 95%CI 95CI CI 95 (95%CI 6.18.6 6186 6.1 8.6 6 1 8 6.1;8.6 hectare/inhabitant, hectareinhabitant hectare/inhabitant hectare inhabitant (hectare/inhabitant) 62 2 6.2 5.27.3 5273 5.2 5 5.2;7.3 pesticide exposure/inhabitant, exposureinhabitant exposure/inhabitant exposure exposure/inhabitant) 4.18.3 4183 4.1 8.3 4.1;8.3 neoplasms inputs problems Conclusion occupationalrelated deaths 20 201 16.9 (16.9 12.3 (12.3 58. 0.30 030 30 000 0.00 00 0.36 036 36 0.39 039 39 7. 18 6.18. 618 61 6. 86 8. 6.1;8. (hectare/inhabitant 27 5.27. 527 52 5. 5.2;7. 4.18. 418 41 4. 83 4.1;8. 16. (16. 12. (12. 0.3 03 0.0 6.18 6.1;8 5.27 5.2;7 4.18 4.1;8 (16 (12 0. 6.1; 5.2; 4.1; (1 (

Resumo Objetivo: analisar a distribuição espacial e temporal dos indicadores de acidentes de trabalho (AT) e de outros agravos à saúde relacionados à produção agropecuária de Mato Grosso, no período de 2008 a 2017. Métodos: trata-se de estudo ecológico, com análise de tendência e correlação entre indicadores de produção agropecuária, florestal, mineral e AT. Resultados: as atividades econômicas do agronegócio com maior contribuição aos AT foram: abate e fabricação de produtos de carnes (16,9%) e agricultura (12,3%). Taxas de AT mais elevadas foram observadas nos municípios considerados os maiores produtores agropecuários (Paranatinga, Barra do Garças, Alta Floresta e Sorriso). Evidenciou-se que 58,4% dos AT no estado foram relacionados ao agronegócio. Foi encontrada correlação positiva e significativa entre o valor adicionado bruto e a taxa de incidência (r = 0,303; p < 0,001), mortalidade (r = 0,368; p < 0,001) e letalidade (r = 0,390; p < 0,001) por AT. Identificou-se tendência crescente na variação percentual anual de 7,3% (IC95%: 6,1;8,6) do esforço produtivo (hectare/habitante), de 6,2% (IC95%: 5,2;7,3) do esforço produtivo (exposição agrotóxico/habitante) e de 6,2% (IC95%: 4,1;8,3) das internações por neoplasias, bem como do crescimento da produção agrícola, dos insumos agrícolas e dos agravos à saúde. Conclusão: a maioria dos AT foram relacionados ao agronegócio, predominantemente nas atividades de frigoríficos e agricultura. Houve correlação positiva entre indicadores de produção agropecuária e de ocorrências e mortes por AT. Objetivo (AT Grosso 200 2017 Métodos tratase trata se ecológico florestal Resultados 16,9% 169 16 9 (16,9% 12,3%. 123 12,3% . 12 3 (12,3%) Paranatinga, Paranatinga (Paranatinga Garças Sorriso. Sorriso Sorriso) Evidenciouse Evidenciou 584 58 4 58,4 r 0,303 0303 0 303 0,001, 0001 0,001 , 001 0,368 0368 368 0,390 0390 390 Identificouse Identificou 73 7 7,3 IC95% IC95 IC (IC95% 6,18,6 6186 6,1 8,6 6 1 8 6,1;8,6 hectare/habitante, hectarehabitante hectare/habitante hectare habitante (hectare/habitante) 62 2 6,2 5,27,3 5273 5,2 5 5,2;7,3 exposição agrotóxico/habitante agrotóxicohabitante agrotóxico 4,18,3 4183 4,1 8,3 4,1;8,3 neoplasias agrícola Conclusão 20 201 16,9 (16,9 12,3 (12,3% 58, 0,30 030 30 000 0,00 00 0,36 036 36 0,39 039 39 7, IC9 (IC95 18 6,18, 618 61 6, 86 8, 6,1;8, (hectare/habitante 27 5,27, 527 52 5, 5,2;7, 4,18, 418 41 4, 83 4,1;8, 16, (16, 12, (12,3 0,3 03 0,0 (IC9 6,18 6,1;8 5,27 5,2;7 4,18 4,1;8 (16 (12, 0, (IC 6,1; 5,2; 4,1; (1 (12 (

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes and can cause significant pathogenicity in humans. Moreover, its importance has increased in the Americas since 2013. The primary vectors for viral delivery are the mosquito species Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Several factors, including host genetic variations and immune response against CHIKV, influence the outcomes of Chikungunya disease. This work aimed to gather information about different single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes that influence the host immune response during an infection by CHIKV. The viral characteristics, disease epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and immune response against CHIKV are also addressed. The main immune molecules related to this arboviral disease elucidated in this review are TLR3/7/8, DC-SIGN, HLA-DRB1/HLA-DQB1, TNF, IL1RN, OAS2/3, and CRP. Advances in knowledge about the genetic basis of the immune response during CHIKV infection are essential for expanding the understanding of disease pathophysiology, providing new genetic markers for prognosis, and identifying molecular targets for the development of new drug treatments. (CHIKV humans Moreover 2013 albopictus factors SNPs (SNPs characteristics epidemiology manifestations addressed TLR378 TLR TLR3 7 8 TLR3/7/8 DCSIGN, DCSIGN DC SIGN, SIGN DC-SIGN HLADRB1/HLADQB1, HLADRB1HLADQB1 HLADRBHLADQB HLA DRB1/HLA DQB1, DRB1 DQB1 DRB DQB HLA-DRB1/HLA-DQB1 TNF IL1RN ILRN IL RN OAS23 OAS OAS2 3 OAS2/3 CRP pathophysiology prognosis treatments 201 TLR37 TLR3/7/ HLADRB1 HLADQB1 HLADRB HLADQB HLADRB1/HLADQB1 HLADRB1HLADQB DRB1HLA DRBHLA HLA-DRB1/HLA-DQB OAS2/ 20 TLR3/7 HLADRB1/HLADQB 2 TLR3/

Abstract Latin American regionalism is in a phase of reconfiguration caused by its intergovernmental and interpresidential character. With the changes of governments in Mexico and Argentina in 2018 and 2019, a new dynamic has been unleashed. CELAC was resurrected, Prosur was weakened, the Lima Group disappeared, and the OAS lost its leading role. The current political situation opens new perspectives for regional cooperation and the revitalization of regional organizations and forums. But after a surge during the pink tide, as the election of several left-leaning presidents in the first decade of the 21st century -and the beginning of the second decade- was then called, came the decline of organizations and regional forums. UNASUR disintegrated and CELAC was paralyzed. The article reassesses the dynamic cycle of regionalism during the pink tide and asks what lessons can be learned from the subsequent decline of regional organizations and forums for the new phase of regionalism in Latin America.

Resumen El regionalismo latinoamericano está en una fase de reconfiguración causada por su carácter intergubernamental e interpresidencial. Con los cambios de gobierno en México y Argentina en 2018 y 2019 se ha desatado una nueva dinámica. Resucitó CELAC, se debilitó Prosur, desapareció el Grupo de Lima, y la OEA perdió protagonismo. La coyuntura política actual abre nuevas perspectivas para la cooperación regional y la revitalización de las organizaciones y foros regionales. Pero tras un auge durante la marea rosa, como se denominó entonces la elección de varios presidentes con una orientación de izquierda en la primera década del siglo XXI y al principio de la segunda década, se produjo el declive de las organizaciones y foros regionales. UNASUR se desintegró y CELAC se paralizó. El artículo hace una reevaluación del ciclo dinámico del regionalismo durante la marea rosa y pregunta qué lecciones se pueden aprender del posterior declive de las organizaciones y foros regionales para la nueva etapa del regionalismo en América Latina.

Resumen Objetivo: Presentamos el caso de un paciente con antecedente de carcinoma de células escamosas tratado mediante cirugía y radioterapia, que presentó pérdida de visión en su ojo derecho por oclusión vascular. Dos semanas después sufrió una ptosis derecha completa y oftalmoplejía. El diagnóstico de sospecha, un síndrome del ápex orbitario (SAO), fue descartado en un principio mediante técnicas de imagen, pero se confirmó un mes más tarde por la evolución clínica y una segunda resonancia magnética. Resultados: El carcinoma de células escamosas tiene capacidad de infiltración local y diseminación a distancia. El SAO se caracteriza por el daño de las estructuras que atraviesan la fisura orbitaria superior y el canal óptico Conclusiones: El diagnóstico de SAO se basa en la sospecha clínica y la confirmación por las técnicas de imagen; sin embargo, en los casos con signos clínicos claros e imágenes normales, un tratamiento temprano puede mejorar el pronóstico y la calidad de vida del paciente.

Abstract Objective: This is the case of a male with a past medical history of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) treated with surgery and radiotherapy who had loss of vision in his right eye due to vascular occlusion. Two weeks later he suffered from complete right ptosis and ophthalmoplegia. The suspected diagnosis—orbital apex syndrome (OAS)—was first ruled out by the imaging modalities, yet confirmed 1 month later by the disease clinical progression and a second magnetic resonance imaging. Results: The SCC has the capacity of local infiltration and distance dissemination. The OAS is characterized by the damage it causes to the structures that pass through the upper orbital fissure and optical channel Conclusions: The diagnosis of OAS is based on clinical suspicion and confirmation through imaging modalities. However, in cases with clear clinical signs and initial normal analytics and image findings, early treatment may improve the patient’s prognosis and quality of life.

BACKGROUND: The study aimed to compare the outcomes of paediatric laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) with open appendectomy (OA) for complicated appendicitis (CA). All trainees could perform OA without supervisionMETHODS: This is a single-centre, retrospective, non-randomised review of children 4-12 years of age, who had either an OA or LA for CA. The data was collected from August 2012 to June 2016. Nineteen surgical trainees were initially supervised by a consultant until deemed able to perform LA safely. The on-call surgeon decided on operative approach. Intra- and postoperative complications were analysed. Primary endpoint was comparison of infection rates between groups, simultaneous differences between the two procedures performed by surgical trainees and consultants were evaluatedRESULTS: One hundred and fifty-five patients had appendicectomy for CA during the study period. Fourteen patients with incomplete information were excluded. Ninety had OAs and 51 LAs. Both groups were well matched demographically. Postoperative infective complications occurred in 13/51 (25.5%) of the LAs, and in 23/90 (25.6%) of the OA (p = 0.159). Fourteen trainees performed 27 LAs without consultant supervision by the conclusion of the study. The mean duration of LA surgery for surgical trainees was 110.35 minutes (IQR 22.5) and for consultants 93.87 minutes (IQR 35, p = 0.497CONCLUSION: There is no difference in intra- and postoperative complications between LA and OA for CA. Duration of surgery between surgical trainees and consultants were comparable. This indicates that surgical trainees acquire LA skill over a short period of time and that LA as a laparoscopic teaching procedure merits consideration