Abstract Background The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism (rs4340) is associated with the pathogenesis of heart failure (HF). This polymorphism may contribute to a greater propensity for severe HF and excess weight. Objective To evaluate adiposity, cardiac function, and their association with ACE I/D polymorphism in HF patients. Methods Cross-sectional study with ambulatory individuals ≥18 years diagnosed with HF. Genetic analysis was performed using polymerase chain reaction followed by agarose gel electrophoresis. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was determined by echocardiography. Nutritional status was assessed using body mass index, while adiposity was analyzed using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and waist-to-height ratio. The adopted significance level was 5% (p < 0.05). Results Seventy-one individuals were included, with a mean age of 55.8 ± 13.0 years, predominantly male (66.2%), with functional class I and II (90.9%), and a median LVEF of 30% (24-40). The prevalence of overweight was 38%, class I obesity was 23.9%, and class II and III obesity was 12.7%, with 50.7% exhibiting excess adiposity as assessed by BIA. A total of 88 D alleles and 54 I alleles of the ACE gene were identified. Regarding ACE genotypes, 38.1% were DD, 47.8% were ID, and 14.1% were II. In the multivariate analysis, the D allele (DD + ID genotypes versus II) was associated with LVEF (PR 0.995; 95% CI 0.991–1.000; p = 0.048) and with the etiology of HF (dilated cardiomyopathy: PR 1.283; 95% CI 1.039–1.583; p = 0.021). No independent association was found with adiposity. Conclusion The presence of the D allele of the ACE polymorphism is associated with LVEF and HF etiology. Despite overweight being prevalent in the sample, no independent associations were found.

Resumo Fundamento O polimorfismo de Inserção/Deleção (I/D) da enzima conversora de angiotensina (ECA) (rs4340) está associado à patogênese da insuficiência cardíaca (IC). Esse polimorfismo pode contribuir para uma maior propensão à IC grave e ao excesso de peso. Objetivo Avaliar a adiposidade, a função cardíaca e sua associação com o polimorfismo I/D da ECA em pacientes com IC. Métodos Estudo transversal com indivíduos ambulatoriais com idade ≥18 anos diagnosticados com IC. A análise genética foi realizada por reação em cadeia da polimerase seguida de eletroforese em gel de agarose. A fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo (FEVE) foi determinada por ecocardiografia. O estado nutricional foi avaliado pelo índice de massa corporal, enquanto a adiposidade foi avaliada pela análise de Bioimpedância elétrica (BIA), circunferência da cintura, razão cintura-quadril e razão cintura-estatura. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5% (p < 0,05). Resultados Setenta e um indivíduos foram incluídos, com média de idade de 55,8 ± 13,0 anos, predominantemente do sexo masculino (66,2%), com classe funcional I e II (90,9%) e FEVE mediana de 30% (24-40). A prevalência de sobrepeso foi de 38%, obesidade classe I foi de 23,9% e obesidade classe II e III foi de 12,7%, com 50,7% apresentando excesso de adiposidade conforme avaliado pela BIA. Um total de 88 alelos D e 54 alelos I do gene da ECA foram identificados. Em relação aos genótipos da ECA, 38,1% eram DD, 47,8% eram ID e 14,1% eram II. Na análise multivariada, o alelo D (genótipos DD+ID versus II) foi associado à FEVE (RP de 0,995; IC de 95% 0,991–1,000; p = 0,048) e à etiologia da IC (cardiomiopatia dilatada: RP 1,283; IC de 95% 1,039–1,583; p = 0,021). Nenhuma associação independente foi encontrada com a adiposidade. Conclusão A presença do alelo D do polimorfismo da ECA está associada à FEVE e à etiologia da IC. Apesar da prevalência do sobrepeso na amostra, não foram encontradas associações independentes.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a associação entre a combinação da adiposidade corporal (AC) e da aptidão física cardiorrespiratória (ApFCR) com fatores de risco cardiometabólico em crianças (7–10 anos). Métodos: Estudo transversal com amostra de 251 crianças cadastradas em Unidades Saúde da Família. Dados sociodemográficos, de hábitos de vida, antropométricos, bioquímicos, de pressão arterial (PA) e ApFCR foram coletados. Fatores de risco cardiometabólico avaliados: colesterol total, HDL-c, LDL-c, triglicerídeos (TG), glicemia de jejum e pressão arterial (PA). A ApFCR foi avaliada pelo teste de corrida/caminhada de 6 minutos e classificada nos grupos “fisicamente inapto” e “fisicamente apto”. O estado nutricional foi avaliado pelo índice de massa corporal (IMC)/idade e categorizado em grupos de AC: “sem excesso de peso [≤z-score+1]” e “com excesso de peso [>z-score+1]”. AC e ApFCR foram combinados e as crianças foram categorizadas em: “sem excesso de peso+aptidão física”, “sem excesso de peso+inaptidão física”, “excesso de peso+aptidão física” e “excesso de peso+inaptidão física”. Análises bivariadas foram realizadas e modelos de regressão de Poisson testados, utilizado o software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) versão 21.0, adotando-se p<0,05. Resultados: Cerca de 65% da amostra apresentou baixa ApFCR e 59% excesso de peso. Foram observadas maiores ocorrências de HDL-colesterol alterado, TG alterado e da presença de ≥3 fatores cardiometabólicos agrupados em crianças com excesso de peso + inaptidão física. Conclusões: A prevalência de HDL e TG alterado e de ≥3 fatores cardiometabólicos agrupados foi significativamente maior entre as crianças com excesso de peso e que também apresentavam inaptidão física.

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the association between the combination of corporal adiposity (CA) and cardiorespiratory physical fitness (CRF) with cardiometabolic risk factors in children aged 7–10 years. Methods: Cross-sectional observational study with a sample of 251 children registered in Family Health Units. Sociodemographic, lifestyle, anthropometric, biochemical, blood pressure, and CRF data were collected. Cardiometabolic risk factors assessed: total cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c, triglycerides (TG), fasting glucose and blood pressure. CRF was assessed by the 6-minute run/walk test and classified into: “physically unfit” and “physically fit”. Nutritional status was assessed by body mass index (BMI)/age and categorized into CA groups: “no excess weight [≤ z-score+1]” and “excess weight [> z-score+1]”. CRF and CA were combined, and the children were classified as “no excess weight + physically fit”, “no excess weight + physically unfit”, “excess weight + physically fit” and “excess weight + physically unfit”. Bivariate analyses were performed, and Poisson regression models were tested. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0 software was used, adopting p<0.05. Results: Around 65% of the children had low CRF and 59% had excess weight (overweight+obesity). After adjustment, there was a greater occurrence of having altered HDL-c, TG and presence of ≥ 3 grouped cardiometabolic factors among those who had excess weight + physically unfit. Conclusions: The prevalence of altered HDL and TG and of ≥3 grouped cardiometabolic risk factors was significantly higher among children who had excess weight and were physically unfit.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the predictive validity and cut-off point of heart rate and blood pressure on heart rate variability (HRV) changes in children with and without obesity. Methods: This study included 125 children, of whom 41 were normal weight and 84 were obese. Anthropometry, blood pressure, heart rate, and HRV were measured using an electronic scale and stadiometer, a sphygmomanometer, and HRV monitor. In addition, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was obtained by statistical analysis of the data. Results: Heart rate proved to be a good predictor for changes in the square root of the mean of the square of the differences between consecutive NN intervals (RMSSD) parameter in students of both sexes for the normal-weight group (ROC 0.89; 95%CI 0.77–1.00) and obesity (ROC 0.90; 95%CI 0.83–0.97). In addition, the heart rate cut-off point for alterations in the RMSSD parameter for normal-weight boys was 93 bpm (sensitivity 100.00% and specificity 87.50%) and for boys with obesity, the established cut-off point was 91 bpm (sensitivity 94.74% and specificity 63.64%). Heart rate also proved to be a good predictor considering low-frequency/high-frequency ratio (LF/HF) and standard deviation of long-term continuous NN intervals /standard deviation of the instantaneous variability of continuous NN intervals in the Poincaré graph ratio (SD2/SD1). Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were good predictors in more specific stratifications and, therefore, can be used in some cases. Conclusions: The predictive validity of heart rate was shown to be at a good level, with high sensitivity and acceptable specificity for the cut-off points according to the different analyses stratified by gender and nutritional status. In this sense, health professionals will be able to use heart rate to estimate cardiovascular risk in children of different sexes and nutritional status. Objective cutoff cut off (HRV Methods 12 4 8 obese Anthropometry stadiometer sphygmomanometer monitor addition ROC data Results (RMSSD normalweight 0.89 089 0 89 95CI CI 95 0.77–1.00 077100 77 1 00 0.90 090 90 0.83–0.97. 083097 0.83–0.97 . 83 97 0.83–0.97) 9 10000 100 100.00 87.50% 8750 87 50 9474 94 74 94.74 63.64%. 6364 63.64% 63 64 63.64%) lowfrequency/highfrequency lowfrequencyhighfrequency low frequency/high frequency LF/HF LFHF LF HF (LF/HF longterm long term SD2/SD1. SD2SD1 SDSD SD2/SD1 SD2 SD1 SD (SD2/SD1) therefore cases Conclusions level status sense 0.8 08 0.77–1.0 07710 7 0.9 09 08309 0.83–0.9 1000 10 100.0 87.50 875 5 947 94.7 636 63.64 6 lowfrequency highfrequency frequencyhigh SD2SD SD2/SD (SD2/SD1 0. 0.77–1. 0771 0830 0.83–0. 100. 87.5 94. 63.6 (SD2/SD 0.77–1 077 083 0.83–0 87. 63. 0.77– 07 0.83– 0.77 0.83 0.7

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a validade preditiva e o ponto de corte da frequência cardíaca e da pressão arterial nas alterações da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) em crianças com e sem obesidade. Métodos: Foram incluídas 125 crianças neste estudo, sendo 41 com peso normal e 84 com obesidade. Antropometria, pressão arterial, frequência cardíaca e VFC foram medidas por meio de balança eletrônica e estadiômetro, esfigmomanômetro e monitor de VFC. Além disso, a curva característica de operação do receptor (ROC) foi obtida pela análise estatística dos dados. Resultados: A frequência cardíaca mostrou-se um bom preditor de alterações no parâmetro de raiz quadrada da média do quadrado das diferenças entre os intervalos NN consecutivos (RMSSD) em escolares de ambos os sexos para o grupo de peso normal (ROC 0,89; IC95% 0,77–1,00) e obesidade (ROC 0,90; IC95% 0,83–0,97). Além disso, o ponto de corte da frequência cardíaca para alterações no parâmetro RMSSD para meninos com peso normal foi de 93 bpm (sensibilidade 100,00% e especificidade 87,50%), e para meninos com obesidade, o ponto de corte estabelecido foi de 91 bpm (sensibilidade 94,74% e especificidade 63,64%). A frequência cardíaca também se mostrou um bom preditor considerando os índices da relação baixa frequência/alta frequência (LF/HF) e razão desvio padrão de intervalos NN contínuos de longo prazo/desvio padrão da variabilidade instantânea de intervalos NN contínuos na relação gráfica de Poincaré (SD2/SD1). As pressões arteriais sistólicas e diastólicas foram bons preditores em estratificações mais específicas e, portanto, podem ser utilizadas em alguns casos. Conclusões: A validade preditiva da frequência cardíaca mostrou-se em bom nível, com alta sensibilidade e especificidade aceitável para os pontos de corte, conforme as diferentes análises estratificadas por sexo e estado nutricional. Desta forma, os profissionais de saúde poderão utilizar a frequência cardíaca para estimar o risco cardiovascular em crianças de diferentes sexos e estado nutricional. Objetivo (VFC Métodos 12 estudo 4 8 Antropometria estadiômetro disso ROC dados Resultados mostrouse (RMSSD 0,89 089 0 89 IC95 IC 0,77–1,00 077100 77 1 00 0,90 090 90 0,83–0,97. 083097 0,83–0,97 . 83 97 0,83–0,97) 9 10000 100 100,00 87,50%, 8750 87,50% , 87 50 87,50%) 9474 94 74 94,74 63,64%. 6364 63,64% 63 64 63,64%) frequênciaalta LF/HF LFHF LF HF (LF/HF prazodesvio prazo SD2/SD1. SD2SD1 SDSD SD2/SD1 SD2 SD1 SD (SD2/SD1) portanto casos Conclusões nível nutricional forma 0,8 08 IC9 0,77–1,0 07710 7 0,9 09 08309 0,83–0,9 1000 10 100,0 875 87,50 5 947 94,7 636 63,64 6 SD2SD SD2/SD (SD2/SD1 0, 0,77–1, 0771 0830 0,83–0, 100, 87,5 94, 63,6 (SD2/SD 0,77–1 077 083 0,83–0 87, 63, 0,77– 07 0,83– 0,77 0,83 0,7

BACKGROUND: A high-quality meal is essential to patients' food enjoyment and nutritional value. Patients' health and nutritional status depend on the quality of meals provided by the hospital food service providers. Equally, patients are largely inactive and could experience energy imbalances if the 'energy in' exceeds the 'energy out', increasing the chances of the inception of obesity and obesity-related illnesses. AIM: This study assessed the nutrient content of meals served in selected public hospitals in the North West province, South Africa. SETTING: The normal diet meals of four district hospitals and one regional hospital in the North West province were collected for this study. METHODS: Regular adult meals for breakfast, lunch and supper including all snacks for the day were collected from five hospitals. Each edible food item was weighed and recorded on the weighed food records for later nutrient analysis using the South African-based Food Finder 3 software. RESULTS: Meals in one hospital met Recommended Dietary Intake (RDI) (6829KJ) requirements for total energy, while in three hospitals, the requirements were exceeded, and in one hospital, meals were below RDI (5734KJ) requirements. CONCLUSION: Strict adherence to nutritionally adequate meals for hospitalised patients could positively influence and encourage patients to sustain healthy eating habits after discharge to prevent malnutrition. CONTRIBUTION: This study provides relevant information that hospital managers can use to improve processes and procedures for dietary planning and ensure that hospital meals are nutritionally adequate.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre a participação em exercícios físicos relacionados ao fitness (EFRF) e a insatisfação com a imagem corporal (IIC) em adolescentes e avaliar a interação entre os exercícios físicos e o estado nutricional nesta associação. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado em 2015 com 799 adolescentes (10 a 16 anos) de 14 escolas públicas de Curitiba (PR), Brasil. A IIC foi avaliada por meio do Body Shape Questionnaire e da Escala de Silhuetas. A participação em EFRF foi avaliada pelo Questionário de Atividade Física para Adolescentes e classificada em “não pratica”, “pratica ≤300 minutos/semana” e “pratica >300 minutos/semana”. As regressões de Poisson e logística multinomial, ajustadas por sexo, maturação sexual e estado nutricional, analisaram a associação entre EFRF e IIC. Resultados: A prevalência de IIC foi de 28,3%; 52,4% dos adolescentes queriam reduzir a silhueta e 48,7% não praticavam a EFRF. Adolescentes que praticavam EFRF >300 minutos/semana tiveram prevalência 28% maior para algum nível de IIC (razão de prevalência — RP 1,28; intervalo de confiança de 95% — IC95% 1,08–1,52) e chance 46% menor de querer reduzir silhuetas (OR 0,54; 95IC% 0,35–0,82), comparados aos não praticantes. Não houve interação entre os EFRF e o estado nutricional na associação com IIC. Conclusões: Os adolescentes que praticam EFRF >300 minutos/semana estão mais propensos a apresentar algum nível de IIC e têm menores chances de reportar o desejo de aumentar silhuetas, independentemente do estado nutricional. Objetivo (EFRF (IIC Métodos 201 79 10 (1 1 anos PR, PR , (PR) Brasil Silhuetas pratica, pratica pratica” 300 ≤30 minutossemana minutos semana >30 minutos/semana. . multinomial sexo Resultados 28,3% 283 28 3 524 52 4 52,4 487 48 7 48,7 razão 1,28 128 95 IC95 IC 1,08–1,52 108152 08 46 OR 0,54 054 0 54 95IC 0,35–0,82, 035082 0,35–0,82 35 82 0,35–0,82) praticantes Conclusões 20 ( (PR 30 ≤3 >3 28,3 2 5 52, 48, 1,2 12 9 IC9 1,08–1,5 10815 0,5 05 03508 0,35–0,8 8 ≤ > 28, 1, 1,08–1, 1081 0, 0350 0,35–0, 1,08–1 108 035 0,35–0 1,08– 03 0,35– 1,08 0,35 1,0 0,3

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the association between participation in fitness-related exercises (FRE) and body image dissatisfaction (BID) in adolescents and evaluate the interaction between physical exercise and nutritional status in this association. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015 involving 799 adolescents (10–16 years old) from 14 public schools in Curitiba (PR), Brazil. BID was assessed using the Body Shape Questionnaire and the Silhouette Scale. The FRE was classified as “does not practice,” “practices ≤300 min/week,” and “practices >300 min/week” by the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents. Poisson and multinomial logistic regressions, adjusted for sex, sexual maturation, and nutritional status analyzed the association of FRE and BID. Results: The BID prevalence was 28.3%; 52.4% of the adolescents wanted to reduce their silhouettes; and 48.7% did not practice FRE. Adolescents who practiced FRE >300 min/week had a 28% higher prevalence for some level of BID (PR 1.28; 95%CI 1.08–1.52) and a 46% lower chance of wanting to reduce silhouettes (OR 0.54; 95%CI 0.35–0.82), compared to nonpractitioners. There was no interaction between FRE and nutritional status in association with BID. Conclusions: The adolescents who practice FRE >300 min/week are likely to have some level of BID and are less likely to report the desire to increase their silhouettes, regardless of their nutritional status. Objective fitnessrelated fitness related (FRE (BID Methods crosssectional cross sectional 201 79 10–16 1016 10 16 (10–1 old 1 PR, PR , (PR) Brazil Scale does practice, practices 300 ≤30 min/week, minweek min week >30 regressions sex maturation Results 28.3% 283 28 3 524 52 4 52.4 487 48 7 48.7 1.28 128 95CI CI 95 1.08–1.52 108152 08 46 OR 0.54 054 0 54 0.35–0.82, 035082 0.35–0.82 35 82 0.35–0.82) nonpractitioners Conclusions 20 10–1 101 (10– 30 ≤3 >3 28.3 2 5 52. 48. 1.2 12 9 1.08–1.5 10815 0.5 05 03508 0.35–0.8 8 10– (10 ≤ > 28. 1. 1.08–1. 1081 0. 0350 0.35–0. (1 1.08–1 108 035 0.35–0 ( 1.08– 03 0.35– 1.08 0.35 1.0 0.3

RESUMO: A mastite bovina é a doença mais impactante na indústria de laticínios e é caracterizada por uma complexidade de agentes causais, os quais têm revelado uma variação geográfica entre regiões e países. Os patógenos relacionados à mastite têm sido tradicionalmente classificados como contagiosos ou ambientais, com base na fonte de infecção ou origem e nas vias de transmissão. Além disso, a gravidade das infecções mamárias tem sido associada à virulência dos patógenos, e ao estado imunológico e nutricional dos animais. Considerando esse cenário, investigamos os agentes etiológicos, os escores de gravidade clínica e os dados de dias em lactação (DEL) em 4.273 casos clínicos de mastite bovina em dez fazendas de grande porte, quatro localizadas no sudoeste do estado de São Paulo e seis no sul do Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Streptococcus dysgalactiae (283/4.273 = 6,6%), Escherichia coli (190/4.273 = 4,4%), Prototheca spp. (112/4.273 = 2,6%) e Streptococcus uberis (95/4.273 = 2,2%) foram os patógenos predominantes isolados. Entre os 4.273 casos clínicos, a pontuação de gravidade clínica estava disponível em 43,8% (1.871/4.273) dos animais. Desses, 69,8% (1.306/1.871), 27,3% (510/1.871) e 2,9% (55/1.871) foram classificados como leves, moderados e graves, respectivamente. Os patógenos foram observados principalmente em amostras obtidas durante os primeiros 100 dias em lactação, e a gravidade clínica foi principalmente classificada como leve. Nossos resultados contribuem para a identificação etiológica, a pontuação de gravidade clínica e os aspectos de ordenha de vacas com mastite em fazendas leiteiras com histórico de infecções mamárias clínicas. RESUMO causais países ambientais transmissão disso animais cenário etiológicos DEL (DEL 4273 4 273 4.27 porte Gerais Brasil 283/4.273 2834273 283 (283/4.27 6,6%, 66 6,6% , 6 6,6%) 190/4.273 1904273 190 (190/4.27 4,4%, 44 4,4% 4,4%) spp 112/4.273 1124273 112 (112/4.27 2,6% 26 2 95/4.273 954273 95 (95/4.27 2,2% 22 isolados 438 43 8 43,8 1.871/4.273 18714273 1 871 (1.871/4.273 Desses 698 69 69,8 1.306/1.871, 13061871 1.306/1.871 306 (1.306/1.871) 27 3 27,3 510/1.871 5101871 510 (510/1.871 29 9 2,9 55/1.871 551871 55 (55/1.871 leves graves respectivamente 10 leve etiológica clínicas 427 4.2 283/4.27 283427 28 (283/4.2 6,6 190/4.27 190427 19 (190/4.2 4,4 112/4.27 112427 11 (112/4.2 2,6 95/4.27 95427 (95/4.2 2,2 43, 1.871/4.27 1871427 87 (1.871/4.27 69, 1306187 1.306/1.87 30 (1.306/1.871 27, 510/1.87 510187 51 (510/1.87 2, 55/1.87 55187 5 (55/1.87 42 4. 283/4.2 28342 (283/4. 6, 190/4.2 19042 (190/4. 4, 112/4.2 11242 (112/4. 95/4.2 9542 (95/4. 1.871/4.2 187142 (1.871/4.2 130618 1.306/1.8 (1.306/1.87 510/1.8 51018 (510/1.8 55/1.8 5518 (55/1.8 283/4. 2834 (283/4 190/4. 1904 (190/4 112/4. 1124 (112/4 95/4. 954 (95/4 1.871/4. 18714 (1.871/4. 13061 1.306/1. (1.306/1.8 510/1. 5101 (510/1. 55/1. 551 (55/1. 283/4 (283/ 190/4 (190/ 112/4 (112/ 95/4 (95/ 1.871/4 1871 (1.871/4 1306 1.306/1 (1.306/1. 510/1 (510/1 55/1 (55/1 283/ (283 190/ (190 112/ (112 95/ (95 1.871/ 187 (1.871/ 130 1.306/ (1.306/1 510/ (510/ 55/ (55/ (28 (19 (11 (9 1.871 18 (1.871 13 1.306 (1.306/ (510 (55 (2 (1 ( 1.87 (1.87 1.30 (1.306 (51 (5 1.8 (1.8 1.3 (1.30 1. (1. (1.3

ABSTRACT: Bovine mastitis is the most impacting disease of dairy industry, and it is characterized by a complexity of causal agents, which have revealed a geographical variation among regions and countries. The mastitis-related pathogens have been traditionally classified as contagious or environmental, based on habits of the microorganisms and transmission routes. Besides, the severity of mammary infections has been associated with the virulence of the pathogens, and immune and nutritional status of the hosts. Considering this scenario, we investigated the etiological pattern, clinical severity scores, and days in milk (DIM) data in 4,273 clinical cases of bovine mastitis among ten large-dairy farms located in Brazil. Streptococcus dysgalactiae (283/4,273 = 6.6%), Escherichia coli (190/4,273 = 4.4%), Prototheca spp. (112/4,273 = 2.6%), and Streptococcus uberis (95/4,273 = 2.2%) were the predominant pathogens isolated. Among 4,273 clinical cases, clinical severity score was available in 43.8% (1,871/4,273) animals. From these, 69.8% (1,306/1,871), 27.3% (510/1,871), and 2.9% (55/1,871) were scored as mild, moderate, and severe, respectively. Pathogens were observed mainly in samples obtained during the first 100 days in milk, and clinical severity scored mainly as mild. Our results contributed to the etiological identification, clinical severity scoring, and milking aspects of mastitic cows in dairy farms with a history of clinical mammary infections. ABSTRACT industry agents countries mastitisrelated related environmental routes Besides hosts scenario pattern scores DIM (DIM 4273 4 273 4,27 largedairy large Brazil 283/4,273 2834273 283 (283/4,27 6.6%, 66 6.6% , 6 6.6%) 190/4,273 1904273 190 (190/4,27 4.4%, 44 4.4% 4.4%) spp 112/4,273 1124273 112 (112/4,27 2.6%, 26 2.6% 2 2.6%) 95/4,273 954273 95 (95/4,27 2.2% 22 isolated 438 43 8 43.8 1,871/4,273 18714273 1 871 (1,871/4,273 animals these 698 69 69.8 1,306/1,871, 13061871 1,306/1,871 306 (1,306/1,871) 27 3 27.3 510/1,871, 5101871 510/1,871 510 (510/1,871) 29 9 2.9 55/1,871 551871 55 (55/1,871 mild moderate severe respectively 10 identification scoring 427 4,2 283/4,27 283427 28 (283/4,2 6.6 190/4,27 190427 19 (190/4,2 4.4 112/4,27 112427 11 (112/4,2 2.6 95/4,27 95427 (95/4,2 2.2 43. 1,871/4,27 1871427 87 (1,871/4,27 69. 1306187 1,306/1,87 30 (1,306/1,871 27. 510187 510/1,87 51 (510/1,871 2. 55/1,87 55187 5 (55/1,87 42 4, 283/4,2 28342 (283/4, 6. 190/4,2 19042 (190/4, 4. 112/4,2 11242 (112/4, 95/4,2 9542 (95/4, 1,871/4,2 187142 (1,871/4,2 130618 1,306/1,8 (1,306/1,87 51018 510/1,8 (510/1,87 55/1,8 5518 (55/1,8 283/4, 2834 (283/4 190/4, 1904 (190/4 112/4, 1124 (112/4 95/4, 954 (95/4 1,871/4, 18714 (1,871/4, 13061 1,306/1, (1,306/1,8 5101 510/1, (510/1,8 55/1, 551 (55/1, 283/4 (283/ 190/4 (190/ 112/4 (112/ 95/4 (95/ 1,871/4 1871 (1,871/4 1306 1,306/1 (1,306/1, 510/1 (510/1, 55/1 (55/1 283/ (283 190/ (190 112/ (112 95/ (95 1,871/ 187 (1,871/ 130 1,306/ (1,306/1 510/ (510/1 55/ (55/ (28 (19 (11 (9 1,871 18 (1,871 13 1,306 (1,306/ (510/ (55 (2 (1 ( 1,87 (1,87 1,30 (1,306 (510 (5 1,8 (1,8 1,3 (1,30 (51 1, (1, (1,3

ABSTRACT A bibliometric study was undertaken to analyze the spatiotemporal distribution of works related to managing boron (B) in Eucalyptus spp. from 1970 to 2022. This analysis was based on the Web of Science and Scopus databases, and 121 documents were retrieved. The eight main aspects analyzed were (1) annual scientific production, (2) most relevant research sources, (3) world scientific production, (4) association between countries, (5) most relevant affiliations, (6) indexed terms, (7) most relevant authors, and (8) most cited documents. The results indicated that publications of studies about B in eucalyptus have increased significantly over the last decade (2010-2020). Brazil has produced the most studies relating to the nutritional management of B in eucalyptus, as is mainly reflected in the numbers of researchers, research institutions, and journals that have published on the subject. Our study found that most works have been developed regionally, with little international collaboration between countries although researchers from the United States are the most frequent partners in international collaborations. The majority of the articles analyzed focused on studying the influence of B doses on the growth and rooting of eucalyptus seedlings. Finally, one significant gap in the literature is the need for studies on sources of B via soil and leaves, and new studies on this subject should be commissioned. Thus, the bibliometric review was an efficient approach for observing the main advances in managing B in eucalyptus in recent decades and identifying the leading research groups and future opportunities for scientific advances in this area. (B spp 197 2022 databases 12 retrieved 1 (1 production 2 (2 3 (3 4 (4 5 (5 affiliations 6 (6 terms 7 (7 authors 8 (8 20102020. 20102020 2010 2020 . (2010-2020) institutions regionally collaborations seedlings Finally leaves commissioned Thus area 19 202 ( 2010202 201 (2010-2020 20 201020 (2010-202 20102 (2010-20 (2010-2 (2010- (2010 (201 (20

Resumo O objetivo é avaliar a tendência temporal da cobertura de avaliação do estado nutricional entre crianças quilombolas no Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional (SISVAN). Estudo ecológico de série temporal sobre a cobertura do SISVAN entre crianças quilombolas menores de cinco anos de idade nos municípios brasileiros entre 2008 e 2019. Realizou-se regressão de Prais-Winsten para analisar a tendência e a variação percentual anual (VPA) média da cobertura, segundo variáveis demográficas, socioeconômicas e assistência à saúde. A cobertura nacional variou de 0,1% em 2008 para 2,8% em 2013, decrescendo para 0,3% em 2019. A VPA da cobertura nacional foi de 11% entre 2008 e 2019, correspondente a tendência estacionária (p=0,68). Todas os estados apresentaram aumento na cobertura de 2008 para 2013, seguida de uma redução até 2019. Os estados do Mato Grosso do Sul e Sergipe apresentaram tendência crescente, enquanto o Acre demonstrou tendência decrescente. Os demais estados demonstraram tendência estacionária. Nenhuma variação temporal foi observada na cobertura segundo as variáveis de interesse. Baixas coberturas do SISVAN foram encontradas entre crianças quilombolas, com tendência temporal estacionária na maioria dos estados brasileiros.

Resumen El objetivo es evaluar la tendencia temporal en la cobertura de la evaluación del estado nutricional de los niños quilombolas en el Sistema de Vigilancia Alimentaria y Nutricional (SISVAN). Estudio ecológico de series temporales sobre la cobertura del SISVAN en niños quilombolas menores de cinco años en municipios brasileños entre 2008 y 2019. Se realizó una regresión de Prais-Winsten para analizar la tendencia y la variación porcentual anual promedio (VPA) de la cobertura, según variables demográficas, socioeconómicas y atención de salud. La cobertura nacional varió de 0,1% en 2008 a 2,8% en 2013, disminuyendo a 0,3% en 2019. El VPA de la cobertura nacional fue de 11% entre 2008 y 2019, correspondiente a una tendencia estacionaria (p=0,68). Todos los estados mostraron un aumento en la cobertura entre 2008 y 2013, seguido de una reducción hasta 2019. Los estados de Mato Grosso do Sul y Sergipe mostraron una tendencia creciente, mientras que Acre mostró una tendencia decreciente. Los estados restantes mostraron una tendencia estacionaria. No se observó variación temporal en la cobertura según las variables de interés. Se encontró baja cobertura del SISVAN entre los niños quilombolas, con una tendencia temporal estacionaria en la mayoría de los estados brasileños.

Absctract The study objective was to evaluate the temporal trend of nutritional status assessment coverage among Quilombola children in the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (SISVAN). An ecological time-series study was conducted on the coverage of SISVAN data among Quilombola children under five years of age in Brazilian municipalities between 2008 and 2019. Prais-Winsten regression was performed to analyze the trend and the average annual percentage change (APC) of coverage, in accordance with demographic, socioeconomic and healthcare variables. The results revealed that national coverage varied from 0.1% in 2008 to 2.8% in 2013, decreasing to 0.3% in 2019. The national APC coverage was 11% from 2008 to 2019, corresponding to a stationary trend (p=0.68). All states showed an increase in coverage from 2008 to 2013, followed by a decrease through to 2019. The States of Mato Grosso do Sul and Sergipe showed an increasing trend, while Acre had a decreasing trend. The other states revealed a stationary trend. No temporal variation was observed in coverage according to the variables of interest. The conclusion drawn was that low SISVAN coverage was found among Quilombola children, with a steady temporal trend in most Brazilian states.

Resumo Descrever a evolução temporal das principais causas de mortalidade em Minas Gerais (MG), Brasil, e verificar a associação com indicadores socioeconômicos. Estudo ecológico misto em que foram calculadas taxas de mortalidade padronizadas por idade, por 100 mil habitantes, por doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT), doenças transmissíveis, neonatais e nutricionais (TNN) e causas externas (CE), para 853 municípios de MG, segundo dados do estudo Carga Global de Doenças (GBD), nos triênios 2000 a 2002 (T1), 2009 a 2011 (T2) e 2016 a 2018 (T3). Entre T1 e T3 predominou a mortalidade por DCNT; houve decréscimo de 22,4% das taxas por DCNT (553,6 para 429,9) e de 29% da s taxas por TNN (83 para 58,9), e acréscimo de 3,5% por CE (62,2 para 64,4). Os coeficientes de correlação foram positivos (R > 0,70; p < 0,05) e foram encontrados taxas mais elevadas de mortalidade em áreas de pior status socioeconômico.

Resumen Describir la evolución temporal de las principales causas de mortalidad en Minas Gerais (MG), Brasil, y verificar la asociación con indicadores socioeconómicos. Estudio ecológico mixto en el que se calcularon las tasas de mortalidad estandarizadas por edad, por 100.000 habitantes, por enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles (ENT), enfermedades transmisibles, neonatales y nutricionales (ENN) y causas externas (CE), para 853 municipios de MG, según datos del estudio Carga Global de Enfermedad (GBD), en los trienios 2000 a 2002 (T1), 2009 a 2011 (T2) y 2016 a 2018 (T3). Entre T1 y T3 predominó la mortalidad por ENT; Se observó una disminución del 22,4% en las tasas de ENT (553,6 a 429,9) y una disminución del 29% en las tasas de TNC (83 a 58,9), y un aumento del 3,5% en las de EC (62,2 a 64,4). Los coeficientes de correlación fueron positivos (R > 0,70; p < 0,05) y se encontraron tasas de mortalidad más altas en zonas de peor nivel socioeconómico.

Abstract To describe the temporal evolution of the main causes of mortality in Minas Gerais (MG), Brazil, and to verify the association with socioeconomic indicators. This is a mixed ecological study in which age-standardized mortality rates were calculated per 100,000 inhabitants due to noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), communicable, neonatal and nutritional diseases (NNDs) and external causes (ECs) for 853 municipalities in MG, according to data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study, in the three-year periods 2000 to 2002 (T1), 2009 to 2011 (T2) and 2016 to 2018 (T3). Between T1 and T3, mortality due to NCDs predominated; there was a 22.4% decrease in the rates for NCDs (553.6 to 429.9) and a 29% decrease in the rates for NCDs (83 to 58.9), and a 3.5% increase in EC (62.2 to 64.4). The correlation coefficients were positive (R > 0.70; p < 0.05) and higher mortality rates were found in areas with worse socioeconomic status.

Resumen Introducción: los embalses deben ser concebidos como un conjunto de interacciones, donde la inestabilidad física, química y biológica determinan cambios en la densidad de las comunidades planctónicas. Objetivo: Evaluar la inestabilidad del fitoplancton y zooplancton y su interacción con factores ambientales en cuatro embalses tropicales andinos con diferente estado trófico. Métodos: Se analizaron datos de variables físicas y químicas y de las densidades del fitoplancton y del zooplancton, medidas entre 2010-2018, en los embalses oligotróficos Punchiná y San Lorenzo y, entre 2013 y 2015, en el embalse hipereutrófico Porce II y en el embalse eutrófico Porce III (total N = 248). Se empleó el Factor Shaping Community Assemblages (FCA), para calcular la inestabilidad biótica y ambiental y la interacción entre estas. Resultados: En los embalses estudiados hubo una alta inestabilidad ambiental y biológica. El pH, la saturación de oxígeno, el nitrógeno total, la temperatura del agua, los nitritos, el fósforo total (solo para el zooplancton) y los sólidos totales, son las variables abióticas con mayor aporte a la inestabilidad planctónica, independientemente del estado trófico. Particularmente, Cryptomonas sp., Aulacoseira sp., Cyclotella sp., Dinobryon sp., Nephrocytium sp., Tetraëdron caudatum y Oscillatoria sp., tuvieron mayor influencia sobre la inestabilidad de diferentes taxones de rotíferos y de algunos copépodos. Conclusión: Independiente del estado trófico, la dinámica del pH, la disponibilidad de nutrientes, la cantidad de sólidos suspendidos y la disponibilidad de gases como el oxígeno disuelto determinaron principalmente la inestabilidad del fitoplancton, y en menor medida la del zooplancton. En los embalses oligotróficos la inestabilidad del zooplancton es influenciada principalmente por algas altamente apetecibles con toxicidad nula, y en embalses altamente enriquecidos la inestabilidad fue influenciada por algas con baja calidad nutricional y de difícil ingestión y manipulación.

Abstract Introduction: Reservoirs are conceived as a set of interactions in which physical, chemical, and biological instability determines changes in the density of planktonic communities. Objective: To evaluate the instability of phytoplankton and zooplankton, and their interactions with environmental factors in four tropical Andean reservoirs with different trophic status. Methods: Physical and chemical variables and phytoplankton and zooplankton densities were measured between 2010-2018 in the oligotrophic reservoirs Punchiná and San Lorenzo and between 2013 and 2015 in the hypereutrophic reservoir Porce II and in the eutrophic Porce III reservoir (total N = 248). The Factor Shaping Community Assemblages (FCA) was used to calculate environmental and biotic instability as well as their interaction. Results: High environmental and biological instability was observed in the studied reservoirs. Oxygen saturation, pH, total nitrogen, water temperature, nitrites, total phosphorus (only for zooplankton), and total solids were the abiotic variables with the greatest contribution to planktonic instability, regardless of trophic state. Particularly, Cryptomonas sp., Aulacoseira sp., Cyclotella sp., Dinobryon sp., Nephrocytium sp., Tetraëdron caudatum and Oscillatoria sp. had the greatest influence on the instability of various rotifer taxa and some copepods. Conclusions: Regardless of trophic state, pH dynamics, nutrients availability, amount of suspended solids and the availability of gases, such as dissolved oxygen, mainly determined the instability of phytoplankton and to a lesser extent that of zooplankton. In the oligotrophic reservoirs, zooplankton instability was mainly influenced by highly palatable algae with no toxicity, and in reservoirs highly enriched, the instability was influenced by algae with low nutritional quality and difficult to ingest and manipulate.

RESUMEN Introducción: Los estudiantes de nutrición, debido a las exigencias del ambiente forman parte de un grupo de riesgo en lo que refiere a enfermedades del comportamiento alimentario, por lo que pueden presentar alteraciones en su estilo de vida e impactar en su estado nutricional. Objetivo: Identificar el riesgo de trastornos de la conducta alimentaria, el estilo de vida y el estado nutricional de estudiantes de la carrera de Nutrición de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción en los meses de noviembre y diciembre del año 2021. Métodos: Estudio observacional descriptivo transversal realizado en 55 estudiantes, a través de un muestreo no probabilístico de casos consecutivos; el riesgo de trastornos de la conducta alimentaria fue valorado mediante el Eating Attitudes Test - 26, el estilo de vida a través del cuestionario de Perfil del Estilo de Vida Promotor de la Salud II y, el estado nutricional a partir de datos antropométricos de peso y talla y el posterior cálculo del Índice de Masa Corporal. Resultados: El 76% de la muestra correspondió al sexo femenino, con edad promedio de 21,8±2,1 años; el 20% de los estudiantes se encontraba con riesgo de trastornos de la conducta alimentaria. Según el Perfil del Estilo de Vida Promotor de la Salud II, el 76,36% presentó un estilo de vida regular; según el Índice de Masa Corporal, 70,91% de los estudiantes se encontraba con peso normal y 25,45% con sobrepeso. Conclusión: Los estudiantes de nutrición presentaron riesgo de trastornos de la conducta alimentaria en menor proporción, pero en concordancia con estudios que muestran mayor prevalencia en futuros nutricionistas que en estudiantes de carreras no relacionadas a la salud; junto con un estado nutricional normal y estilo de vida regular en su mayor parte.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Nutrition students, due to the demands of the environment, are part of a risk group in terms of eating behavior diseases, so they may present alterations in their lifestyle and impact on their nutritional status. Objective: to identify the risk of eating behavior disorders (ED), lifestyle and nutritional status of students of the Nutrition career from the Chemistry School of the National University of Asunción during the months of November and December of 2021. Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive observational study conducted in 55 students, through a non-probabilistic sampling of consecutive cases; the risk of eating disorders was assessed through the Eating Attitudes Test - 26 (EAT-26), the lifestyle through the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II) questionnaire and, the nutritional status from anthropometric data of weight and height and the subsequent calculation of the Body Mass Index (BMI). Results: 76% of the sample corresponded to the female sex, with an average age of 21.8±2.1 years; 20% of the students were at risk of eating behavior disorders. According to the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II, 76.36% presented a regular lifestyle; according to the Body Mass Index, 70.91% of the students were of normal weight and 25.45% were overweight. Conclusion: Nutrition students presented risk of eating disorders in lower proportion, but in agreement with studies that show higher prevalence in future nutritionists than in students of non-health related careers, together with a normal nutritional status and regular lifestyle for the most part.

RESUMEN Introducción: El cáncer infantil afecta cada año a 400.000 niños y adolescentes en el mundo, siendo esta la segunda causa de mortalidad infantil; se estima que hasta el 70 % de los pacientes pediátricos con neoplasias malignas padecen desnutrición. El objetivo de esta revisión narrativa es mapear la literatura existente sobre el manejo nutricional en pacientes pediátricos con cáncer, identificar brechas en investigación y proporcionar una visión general de las prácticas actuales y áreas que requieren mayor estudio. Materiales y Métodos: Revisión siguiendo metodología PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews), la cual incluye un proceso sistemático para la búsqueda, selección y síntesis de la literatura relevante. Se utilizaron criterios de inclusión y exclusión específicos para garantizar una cobertura exhaustiva del tema. Se consultaron las bases de datos PubMed, CINAHL, Lilacs y Cochrane plus y en el buscador Google Académico, se incluyeron publicaciones en español e inglés en el período comprendido entre 2000 y 2023. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 36 artículos relacionados con evaluación y alteraciones del estado nutricional, efectos adversos al momento y durante la respuesta al tratamiento y supervivencia. Conclusiones: La literatura encontrada hace referencia a un manejo nutricional y oportuno que incluya una evaluación nutricional de rutina durante y después del tratamiento del cáncer que permita establecer el manejo nutricional necesario para garantizar el crecimiento y desarrollo normales y evitar el desarrollo de morbilidades a largo y corto plazo.

RESUMEN Introducción: Existe un importante aumento de niños y adolescentes con sobrepeso y obesidad, los cuales son considerados como los principales factores de riesgo para desarrollar la hipertensión arterial Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia y factores de riesgo asociados a la hipertensión arterial sistémica en una población de 10 a 18 años de un Centro Educativo del Departamento Central en el año 2023. Materiales y Métodos: El presente trabajo se basó en un diseño observacional, analítico y de corte transversal. Por medio de un muestreo no probabilístico a conveniencia, de una población N=1230 estudiantes matriculados en los turnos mañana y tarde de la institución tomada como población de estudio, n=446 cumplan con criterios de inclusión. Resultados: La mediana de a edad fue 14 años con P25 12 y p75 15. El 62% fue del sexo femenino. En cuanto al estado nutricional de la población de estudio el 46.4 eran normo pesos, 37.7% tenían sobrepeso y el 15.9% obesidad. La mediana de la presión arterial de toda la población sistólica fue 116 P25-75 (67-78), y la diastólica 73 P25-75 (67-78). Se obtuvo que el 10% de los pacientes presentaban HTA. En cuanto a la asociación entre el estado nutricional en los grupos con y sin HTA, en el primer grupo el 95.7% eran obesos frente al 6.8% en el grupo de sin HTA p=0.0001. Conclusión: La frecuencia de hipertensión arterial encontrada en este estudio fue de 10%, con predominio del sexo femenino y edad mediana de 14 años. El 15.9 % eran obesos y la hipertensión arterial estuvo asociada a esa condición nutricional.

ABSTRACT Introduction: There is a significant increase in overweight and obese children and adolescents, these conditions are risk factors for developing arterial hypertension. Objective: To determine the frequency and risk factors associated with systemic arterial hypertension in a population aged 10 to 18 years of an Educational Center in the Central Department in 2023. Materials and Methods: The study design was observational, analytical and cross-sectional. Using non-probabilistic convenience sampling, from a population N=1230 students, we enrolled subjects from the morning and afternoon shifts of the institution. 446 met the inclusion criteria. Results: The median age was 14 years with P25 12 and p75 15. 62% were female. Regarding the nutritional status of the study population, 46.4 were of normal weight, 37.7% were overweight and 15.9% obese. The median blood pressure of the entire population was a systolic of 116 P25-75 (67-78), and a diastolic of 73 P25-75 (67-78). It was found that 10% of the patients had hypertension. Regarding the association between nutritional status in the groups with and without hypertension, in the first group, 95.7% were obese versus 6.8% in the group without hypertension, p=0.0001. Conclusion: The frequency of arterial hypertension found in this study was 10%, with a predominance of the female sex and a median age of 14 years. 15.9% were obese and high blood pressure was associated with this nutritional condition.

Resumen La transición nutricional genera gran impacto en la salud de las personas, especialmente en los países más pobres. La globalización, la industrialización y otros factores socioambientales han cambiado las dietas y los patrones alimentarios, lo que ha conllevado a un aumento en las enfermedades crónicas y de malnutrición en poblaciones vulnerables como las comunidades indígenas, afectando principalmente a los niños. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la alimentación actual y su impacto en el estado nutricional de los niños menores de cinco años pertenecientes a las comunidades Embera Katio del resguardo indígena Gito Dokabú. Se evaluó el estado nutricional de estos menores utilizando los índices antropométricos de peso para la talla según los estándares de la Organización Mundial de la Salud [OMS] (2006). Se indagó, a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas realizadas a los padres de los menores, sobre la frecuencia de consumo de los diferentes grupos de alimentos según las Guías Alimentarias colombianas. La investigación contó con la aprobación del Comité de Ética de la Universidad de Caldas y el consentimiento de los padres. Como resultado, se observó una baja prevalencia de desnutrición (1,74%) pero un alto riesgo de sobrepeso (21%). Se destaca el alto consumo de alimentos del grupo 1 (arroz, plátano y maíz) y la baja ingesta de alimentos del grupo 2 (frutas y verduras). La introducción de alimentos exógenos y el cambio en las preferencias hacia alimentos menos saludables son factores que afectan la alimentación de las comunidades indígenas del resguardo Gito Dokabú. Rev Arg Antrop Biol 26(2), 087, 2024. https://doi.org/10.24215/18536387e087

Abstract The nutritional transition has a significant impact on people's health, especially in the poorest countries. Globalization, industrialization, and other socio-environmental factors have changed diets and eating patterns, leading to an increase in chronic diseases and malnutrition in vulnerable populations, such as indigenous communities, with children being the most affected. The objective of this research is to analyze the current diet and its impact on the nutritional status of children under five years of age belonging to the Embera Katío communities of the Gito Dokabú indigenous reservation. The nutritional status of these children was evaluated using anthropometric indices of weight for height according to the standards of the World Health Organization [WHO] (2006). The frequency of consumption of the different food groups determined by Colombian Dietary Guidelines was investigated through semi-structured interviews with the parents of the minors. The research had the approval of the Ethics Committee of the University of Caldas and the consent of the parents. As a result, a low prevalence of malnutrition (1.74%) but a high risk of being overweight (21%) was observed. A high consumption of foods from group 1 (rice, plantain, and corn) and the low intake of foods from group 2 (fruits and vegetables) is observed. The introduction of exogenous foods and the change in preferences towards less healthy foods are factors that affect the diet of the indigenous communities of the Gito Dokabú reservation. Rev Arg Antrop Biol 26(2), 087, 2024. https://doi.org/10.24215/18536387e087

Resumen La lactancia materna es la forma óptima de alimentación en las etapas tempranas de la vida. La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) recomienda su práctica continua hasta los 6 meses, preferiblemente exclusiva, y prolongada hasta los 2 años, acompañando a una alimentación complementaria adecuada. Cuba posee una guía alimentaria para el niño menor de 2 años, que indica los momentos oportunos para introducir diferentes alimentos. El objetivo fue describir la alimentación complementaria en infantes lactados a pecho, valorar la seguridad alimentaria y determinar las asociaciones con el estado nutricional mediante indicadores antropométricos del crecimiento y composición corporal. Se realizaron encuestas de seguridad alimentaria y consumo de alimentos en 73 infantes entre 6 y 23 meses de vida, que mantuvieron lactancia materna exclusiva o predominante. El estado nutricional se evaluó por los patrones de la OMS, a partir de mediciones antropométricas, y la estimación de la composición corporal por isótopos estables, con las referencias del Organismo Internacional de Energía Atómica. Se realizó el procesamiento estadístico del total de la muestra y por grupos de edad. A pesar de observar inseguridad alimentaria leve en el 46,6% de los infantes, la alimentación fue variada en la mayoría, con un consumo diario de cereales, viandas, pan, lácteos y carnes. Se destacó la adición de aceites en las comidas, consumo de jugos envasados, pero poca representación de frutas y vegetales en su dieta habitual. El estado nutricional fue adecuado en más del 80% de los casos, pero no se asoció con el consumo de alimentos. Rev Arg Antrop Biol 26(2), 089, 2024. https://doi.org/10.24215/18536387e089

Abstract Breastfeeding is the optimal way of feeding during the early stages of life. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends continuous breastfeeding up to 6 months, preferably on an exclusive basis, and prolonged up to 2 years, accompanied by adequate complementary feeding. Cuba has a food guide for children under 2 years of age, which indicates the appropriate times in which to introduce different foods. The objective of this study was to describe complementary feeding in breastfed infants, assess food security, and determine associations with nutritional status through anthropometric indicators of growth and body composition. Surveys on food security and food consumption were conducted in 73 infants between 6 and 23 months of age, who were exclusively or mainly breastfed. Nutritional status was evaluated by WHO standards, based on anthropometric measurements, and the estimation of body composition by stable isotopes, with references from the InternationalAtomic Energy Agency. Statistical processing was carried out for the total sample and by age groups. Despite observing mild food insecurity in 46.6% of the infants, the diet was varied in the majority, with daily consumption of cereal, root vegetables, bread, dairy products and meat. The addition of oil to meals, the consumption of processed juice, and a low representation of fruits and vegetables in their usual diet stood out. Nutritional status was adequate in more than 80% of the cases, but was not associated with food consumption. Rev Arg Antrop Biol 26(2), 089, 2024. https://doi.org/10.24215/18536387e089