In this work, using the PM3 semi-empirical method, the oxidation of the single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) was studied by sulfuric and nitric acid for the incorporation of carbonyl (C=O), phenol (OH) and carboxylic (COOH) groups in the C=C bonds present on the surface of the nanotube. Subsequently, the crosslinking of the oxidized SWCNT (SWCNTox) and chitosan (Q) was observed through hydrogen bonds of the C=O and OH bonds with 2.34 Å, the process was endothermic and soluble in polar solvents due to the presence of OH and NH groups in the structure of SWCNTox/Q. The Monte Carlo modeling allowed to study the adsorption of pesticides in the SWCNTox/Q at different temperatures, where the QSAR (quantitative structure activity relationship) properties allowed predicting the behavior of the pesticides, that is, the degree of hydrophobicity (log P) and accessible surface area (ASA) were important parameters in the evaluation of SWCNTox/Q as an adsorbent and surface interacting with pesticides respectively. Finally, the adsorption was a physisorption process due to the electronegativity of the CO, OH, NH2, NH and C=O bonds. work PM semiempirical semi empirical method singlewalled single walled (SWCNT C=O, CO , C O (C=O) (OH COOH (COOH CC Subsequently SWCNTox (SWCNTox Q (Q 234 2 34 2.3 Å SWCNToxQ temperatures quantitative relationship is log P ASA (ASA respectively Finally NH2 (C=O 23 3 2.

SUMMARY: Seeds of Pinus cembroides lose vigor and viability owing to the effects of high humidity and high temperature, which damage the cell membranes. The objective of this study is to evaluate the vigor of Pinus cembroides seeds using an aging test. Seeds were collected from the municipalities of Galeana, Nuevo León, and Jalacingo, Veracruz, Mexico. In the aging test, the seeds were exposed to temperatures of 19, 40, 42, and 45 °C for 24, 48, 72, and 96 h. In the control, the seeds were not subjected to any treatment. In the germination test, the seeds were placed in a randomized block design with a factorial arrangement. Significant differences (P < 0.05) were found between provenances, temperatures, and periods for the percentage of germination and aging index. The percentage of germination varied between 0 % for seeds from Jalacingo exposed to 19 °C and 40 °C and 31 % for seeds in the control. The percentage of germination varied from 1 % to 84 % for Galeana seeds at 45 °C and the control, respectively. The aging index varied between 0 for seeds from both provenances in the control treatment and 1 for seeds from Jalacingo exposed to 19 °C and 40 °C. Deterioration of Pinus cembroides seeds might be due to damage to the cell membrane. The vigor of Pinus cembroides seeds was reduced because of high temperature and aging periods, which was reflected in low percentages of seed germination.

RESUMEN: Las semillas de Pinus cembroides pierden vigor y viabilidad por efecto de los altos contenidos de humedad y temperaturas altas que dañan las membranas celulares. En la presente investigación, el objetivo es evaluar el vigor de semillas de Pinus cembroides mediante una prueba de envejecimiento. Se recolectaron las semillas en los municipios de Galeana, Nuevo León y Jalacingo, Veracruz, México. En la prueba de envejecimiento, se expusieron las semillas a 19, 40, 42 y 45 °C y periodos de 24, 48, 72 y 96 horas. En el testigo, las semillas no se sometieron a algún tratamiento. En la prueba de germinación, se colocaron las semillas en un diseño en bloques al azar con arreglo factorial. Se encontraron diferencias significativas (P < 0,05) entre procedencias, temperaturas y periodos para porcentaje de germinación e índice de envejecimiento. El porcentaje de germinación varió entre 0 % para semillas de Jalacingo expuestas a 19 y 40 oC, y 31 % para semillas en el testigo. El porcentaje de germinación varió entre 1 y 84 % para semillas de Galeana en los 45 oC y testigo, respectivamente. El índice de envejecimiento varió entre 0 para semillas de ambas procedencias en el testigo y 1 para semillas de Jalacingo expuestas a 19 y 40 oC. El deterioro de las semillas de Pinus cembroides pudo ser por daños ocasionados en la membrana celular. Se disminuyó el vigor de las semillas de Pinus cembroides por efecto de las temperaturas altas y periodos de envejecimiento, y se reflejó en porcentajes bajos de germinación de las semillas.

RESUMO Introdução: A Diabetes mellitus é um problema de Saúde Pública que afeta um número crescente de trabalhadores. Pode ser considerada uma doença agravada pelo trabalho com um elevado custo social, económico e pessoal. O tipo de trabalho realizado e as exposições a riscos laborais em contexto hospitalar, podem contribuir para a sua progressão, segundo alguns autores. Este trabalho pretende abordar o impacto desta patologia no trabalho e o papel da Saúde Ocupacional na evicção da exposição a fatores de risco laborais, em ambiente hospitalar, que contribuem para o descontrolo metabólico da Diabetes Melitus tipo I. Pretende-se identificar as exposições laborais que podem constituir fatores de risco modificáveis, interferem com a aptidão para o trabalho, podem aumentar a frequência de acidentes laborais e acelerar a progressão crónica da doença. Metodologia: Na metodologia de pesquisa e seleção de estudos utilizou as bases de dados PubMed, Science Direct e Google Scholar, com as palavras-chave “diabetes mellitus, occupational medicine, risk factors, occupational health”. Aplicaram-se filtros de revisão e revisão sistemática, considerando publicações de 2010 a 2024, totalizando 463 trabalhos. Critérios de exclusão incidiram em doenças não relacionadas à diabetes, exclusividade na tipo II e abordagens não ocupacionais. Foram ainda considerados os artigos sobre diabetes e saúde e segurança no trabalho publicados na Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Ocupacional, num total de cinco estudos. Incluíram-se a Norma de Orientação Clínica da DGS, um estudo epidemiológico nacional e um caderno técnico sobre diabetes no local de trabalho, totalizando 30 fontes na discussão. Descrição dos casos: Os autores reportam dois casos de profissionais de saúde de uma unidade hospitalar, ambos com diagnóstico de Diabetes tipo I aos cinco anos de idade. Caso 1: Uma auxiliar de ação médica de 35 anos, com antecedentes pessoais de síndrome depressivo e diagnóstico recente de retinopatia diabética. Caso 2: Uma enfermeira de 57 anos com retinopatia e nefropatia diabética, neuropatia, em tratamento para uma osteomielite do 1º dedo do pé direito, sem alterações cardiovasculares. Ambas trabalham ou trabalharam por turnos, com trabalho noturno e com tarefas fisicamente exigentes. Discussão/Conclusão: A diabetes é uma doença crónica que requer cuidados médicos contínuos e educação do doente, juntamente com apoio na prevenção de complicações agudas e redução do risco de complicações crónicas. A incidência de novos casos de Dm tipo I é maior entre os 12-14 anos. Na transição para a idade adulta e entrada no mercado laboral, os doentes podem ser sujeitos ao estigma da doença, ter dificuldade na gestão do tratamento e/ou desafios psicossociais relacionados com o trabalho. A instituição de medidas preventivas e monitorização destes trabalhadores deverá ajudar a reduzir o absentismo laboral, a perda de produtividade e a perda de rendimento para o trabalhador.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a public health issue affecting an increasing number of workers, representing a disease exacerbated by work with a high social, economic, and personal cost. The nature of the work performed, coupled with occupational risks in a hospital setting, significantly contribute to the disease's progression. This study aims to address the impact of this disease on work and the role of Occupational Health in the prevention of exposure to occupational risk factors in the hospital environment, which can contribute to the metabolic imbalance of type I diabetes mellitus. Methodology: The methodology included search in PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases, using keywords such as "diabetes mellitus, occupational medicine, risk factors and occupational health”. Filters were applied, considering publications from 2010 to 2024, totaling 463 works. Exclusion criteria focused on non-diabetes-related diseases, exclusive focus on Type II, and non-occupational approaches. Articles on diabetes and occupational health and safety published in Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Ocupacional were also considered, in a total of five studies. Sources also included Direção Geral de Saúde Clinical Guidance, a national epidemiological study, and a technical manual on workplace diabetes, totaling 30 references in the discussion. Results: The authors report two cases of healthcare professionals from a hospital unit, both diagnosed with Type I Diabetes at the age of five. Case 1: A 35-year-old healthcare assistant with a history of depressive syndrome and recent diabetic retinopathy diagnosis. Case 2: A 57-year-old nurse with diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, undergoing treatment for osteomyelitis of the right big toe, without cardiovascular changes. In both they work or have worked in shifts, including night shifts, engaging in physically demanding tasks. Discussion/Conclusion: Diabetes is a chronic disease requiring continuous medical care and patient education, alongside support in preventing acute complications and reducing the risk of chronic complications. The incidence of new Type I Dm cases is higher between 12-14 years. During the transition to adulthood and entry into the job market, patients face disease stigma, treatment management challenges, and psychosocial workplace-related issues. Implementing preventive measures and monitoring these workers should help reduce work absenteeism, productivity loss, and income loss for the worker.

Resumen Objetivo. Obtener evidencias de validez empírica y de precisión del Cuestionario de Emociones Positivas para niños. Método. Se realizaron dos estudios. El primero evalúa la estructura subyacente de cinco dimensiones con análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE) y consistencia interna. Tuvo una muestra de 395 participantes de 10 a 13 años de edad (M = 10.96, DT = .72). El segundo pone a prueba el modelo con cuatro y cinco factores mediante el análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC). Este analiza la validez convergente entre afecto positivo y resiliencia, y divergente entre afecto negativo y estresores cotidianos. Resultados. Se confirma la estructura de cinco factores (X2/df = 3.26, p < .001, CFI = .913, RMR = .069, TLI, = .900, RMSEA = .069) con alta confiabilidad, invarianza factorial y la validez convergente y divergente. Se reportan diferencias entre niños y niñas. Se recomienda continuar con mayor refinamiento del modelo para contar con instrumentos sensibles y relevantes sobre la experiencia emocional positiva en la infancia.

Abstract Objective. The aim of this study was to obtain evidence of empirical validity and accuracy of the Positive Emotions Questionnaire for Children. Method. The first aspect evaluates the underlying structure of five dimensions with exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and internal consistency, with 395 participants aged 10 to 13 years (M = 10.96, SD = .72). The second aspect tests the model with four and five factors with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) in another sample of 467 participants (M = 11.19, SD = .76). It analyzes the convergent validity between positive affect and resilience, and divergent validity between negative affect and everyday stressors. Results. The five-factor structure (X²/df = 3.26, p < .001, CFI= .913, RMR= .069, TLI, =.900, RMSEA=.069) is confirmed with high reliability, factorial invariance, and convergent and divergent validity. Differences between boys and girls are reported. Further refinement of the model is recommended to have accurate instruments that measure the positive emotional experience in childhood.

Resumen: La nanotecnología (NT) puede modernizar la agricultura con nuevas herramientas que permitan cultivos mejor nutridos y protegidos. El óxido de grafeno (GO) es un nuevo tipo de nanomaterial basado en carbono con propiedades estructurales y fisicoquímicas únicas, muy útil para muchas aplicaciones agrícolas. El GO son nanopartículas de carbono bidimensionales, que han atraído una atención cada vez mayor en los últimos años porque contienen grandes cantidades de grupos funcionales de oxígeno, por lo tanto, podrían usarse como portadores de fertilizantes para reducir la velocidad de liberación y mejorar la eficiencia de utilización de nutrientes, lo cual hace que este material sea adecuado para el desarrollo de nuevos nanofertilizantes de liberación lenta. En el presente estudio, se evaluó la aplicación de nanopartículas de GO (GONPs) y micropartículas de grafito (MG), como potenciales promotores de la germinación de semillas y el crecimiento de plántulas de tomate. Se aplicaron concentraciones de 0, 50, 100, 200 y 500 mg L-1, utilizando como controles agua destilada y micrografito. Los tratamientos GO mejoraron el crecimiento de las raíces de manera dependiente de la dosis, al aumentar el vigor de las semillas, revelando diferencias significativas (P ≤ 0.05) entre los tratamientos aplicados, lo anterior fue acompañado por un incremento en la actividad de las enzimas antioxidantes. Al utilizar la dosis de 200 mg L-1 de GONPs se estimuló la longitud de la radícula (31%) con respecto a las plántulas testigo. Las MG se desempeñaron mejor que el control en todas las variables; sin embargo, fueron superadas por los tratamientos con GONPs.

Abstract: Nanotechnology (NT) can modernize agriculture with new tools that allow better nourished and protected crops. Graphene oxide (GO) is a new kind of carbon-based nanomaterial with unique structural and physicochemical properties, which is very useful for many agricultural applications. GO, the two- dimensional carbon nanoparticles, have attracted increasing attention in the last few years because these contain large amounts of functional oxygen groups; therefore, they could be used as a fertilizer carrier to slow the release rate and improve the nutrients use efficiency, which makes this material suitable for developing new slow-release fertilizers. In this study, the application of GO nanoparticles (NPs) and graphite microparticles were compared as potential promoters of tomato seed germination and seedlings growth. Concentrations of 0, 50, 100, 200, and 500 mg L-1 were applied, using distilled water and micro-size graphite as controls. GO treatments improved root growth dose-dependently by increasing the seed vigor and showing significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) between treatments applied, increasing antioxidant enzymes activities. When using the dose of 200 mg L-1 GONPs, the radicle length was stimulated (31%) compared to the control seedlings. The graphite NPs performed better than the control in all variables; however, they were surpassed by the treatments with GONPs.

Resumen Pinus hartwegii crece aproximadamente entre 3000 y 4200 msnm en el límite de la vegetación arbórea en las montañas de México y América Central. Es importante analizar el hábito de crecimiento de los árboles y la posibilidad para adaptarse a los cambios ambientales. De acuerdo con lo anterior, el objetivo del presente estudio fue comparar el crecimiento del brote apical de plantas de P. hartwegii en unidades de muestreo en tres altitudes en la montaña Tláloc por un año. Se establecieron tres unidades de muestreo de 1000 m2 a 3629, 3824 y 4012 msnm en esta montaña en Texcoco, Estado de México. Se midieron el diámetro y longitud de los brotes apicales de las plantas menores de 2.5 m de altura cada 30 días. Se registró el crecimiento del brote entre mayo de 2021 y mayo de 2022. Se detectaron diferencias significativas (P ≤ 0.05) entre altitudes para las características estudiadas. Los diámetros promedio de los brotes variaron entre 15.14 ± 0.59 y 22.65 ± 0.73 mm. Las longitudes promedio de los brotes fueron de 10.87 ± 0.93 a 19.53 ± 2.37 cm. Los brotes apicales iniciaron el crecimiento, en promedio, entre los 74 ± 2.20 y 101 ± 6.60 días del año, y finalizaron, en promedio, entre los 214 ± 6.57 y 263 ± 9.71 días del año. El periodo de crecimiento varió en promedio entre 125 ± 13.86 y 177 ± 9.80 días. La correlación entre el diámetro del brote y la precipitación media anual fue moderada (r = 0.605, P ≤ 0.0001). La longitud promedio y diámetro promedio del brote fueron mayores a los 4021 msnm. El brote apical inició el crecimiento primero en las plantas a los 3629 msnm y finalizó el crecimiento al último en las plantas a los 4021 msnm donde el periodo de crecimiento fue mayor.

Summary Pinus hartwegii grows approximately between 3000 and 4200 masl at the limit of tree vegetation in the mountains of Mexico and Central America. It is important to analyze growth habits of trees and the possibility to adapt to environmental changes. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to compare the growth of the apical shoot of P. hartwegii plants in sampled units at three altitudes in the Tlaloc Mountain for one year. Three sampling units of 1000 m2 were established at 3629, 3824 and 4021 masl in this mountain, in Texcoco, State of Mexico, Mexico. Diameter and length of apical shoots of plants less than 2.5 m tall were measured every 30 days. Shoot growth was recorded between May 2021 and May 2022. Significative differences (P ≤ 0.05) were detected between altitudes for the studied traits. Average diameter of shoots varied between 15.14 ± 0.59 and 22.65 ± 0.73 mm. Average shoot length ranged from 10.87 ± 0.93 to 19.53 ± 2.37 cm. The apical shoots started growing, on average, between the 74 ±2.20 and 101 ± 6.60 days of the year and ended, on average, from the 214 ± 6.57 y 263 ± 9.71 days of the year. The length of the growth period varied on average from 125 ± 13.86 to 177 ± 9.80 days. The correlation between the shoot diameter and mean annual rainfall was moderate (r = 0.605 P ≤ 0.0001). The average length and diameter of the shoot were the largest at 4021 masl. The apical shoot began growing first in plants at 3629 masl and lastly in plants at 4021 masl where the growth period was greater.

RESUMEN Objetivo: El objetivo principal de este estudio fue comparar los niveles de estrés y ansiedad en niños sometidos a procedimientos quirúrgicos con o sin presencia de los padres en la inducción de la anestesia mediante la medición de los niveles de cortisol salival y la aplicación del mYPAS. Método: Ensayo cuasi-aleatorio con niños de 5 a 12 años, con estado físico ASA I, II o III, sometidos a cirugía electiva. Según la disposición de los padres, se definieron como grupo acompañado o no acompañado. Se utilizaron pruebas de chi-cuadrado, exacta de Fisher, t de Student, Mann-Whitney, Hodges-Lehman y Spearman para los análisis estadísticos. Resultados: Se incluyeron 46 niños; el 63% eran niños en edad preescolar, en su mayoría acompañados por sus madres (80%). La puntuación mYPAS mediana fue de 37,5 (rango intercuartílico, 23,4–51,6) en niños no acompañados y de 55,0 (rango intercuartílico, 27,9–65,0) en niños acompañados, con una diferencia mediana estimada de +11,8 (IC del 95% de 0 a 23,4; p = 0,044). No hubo diferencias significativas en los niveles medios de cortisol salival. Conclusión: El nivel de ansiedad fue mayor en los niños acompañados. No hubo diferencias en los niveles de cortisol salival entre ambos grupos. Registro Brasileño de Ensayos Clínicos (ReBEC):RBR-9wj4qvy.

RESUMO Objetivo: O principal objetivo deste estudo foi comparar os níveis de estresse e ansiedade em crianças submetidas a procedimentos cirúrgicos com ou sem presença dos pais na indução da anestesia, medindo os níveis de cortisol salivar e aplicando o mYPAS. Método: Ensaio quaserandomizado com crianças de 5 a 12 anos, com estado físico ASA I, II ou III, submetidas a cirurgia eletiva. De acordo com a disposição dos pais, o par foi definido como grupo acompanhado ou não acompanhado. Foram utilizados testes de qui-quadrado, exato de Fisher, t de Student, Mann-Whitney, Hodges-Lehman e Spearman para as análises estatísticas. Resultados: Foram incluídas 46 crianças; 63% delas em idade préescolar, principalmente acompanhadas por suas mães (80%). A pontuação mYPAS mediana foi de 37,5 (intervalo interquartil, 23,4–51,6) em crianças não acompanhadas e de 55,0 (intervalo interquartil, 27,9–65,0) em crianças acompanhadas, com uma diferença mediana estimada de +11,8 (IC de 95% de 0 a 23,4; p = 0,044). Não houve diferenças significativas nos níveis médios de cortisol salivar. Conclusão: O nível de ansiedade foi maior em crianças acompanhadas. Não houve diferenças nos níveis de cortisol salivar entre os dois grupos. Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos (ReBEC):RBR-9wj4qvy.

ABSTRACT Objective: The main objective of this study was to compare stress and anxiety levels in children undergoing surgical procedures with or without parental presence at induction of anesthesia by measuring salivary cortisol levels and applying the mYPAS. Method: Quasi-randomized trial with children aged 5–12 year, with ASA physical status I, II, or III, undergoing elective surgery. According to parents’ willingness, the pair were defined as accompanied or unaccompanied group. Chi-square, Fisher’s exact tests, Student’s t test, Mann-Whitney, Hodges-Lehman and Spearman’s tests were used for statistical analyzes. Results: We included 46 children; 63% were preschool children mostly accompanied by their mothers (80%). The median mYPAS score was 37.5 (quartile range, 23.4–51.6) in unaccompanied children, and 55.0 (quartile range, 27.9–65.0) in accompanied children, with an estimated median difference of +11.8 (95% CI of 0 to 23.4; p = 0.044). There were no significant differences in the mean salivary cortisol levels. Conclusion: The level of anxiety was higher in accompanied children. There were no differences in salivary cortisol levels between both groups. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC):RBR-9wj4qvy.

Abstract Background There are few studies related to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the prevalence and nature of pain symptoms after hospital discharge, especially in individuals who develop moderate to severe disease forms. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the presence of chronic pain in patients discharged after hospitalization for COVID-19, and the relationship between the presence of chronic pain and intensive care stay, demographics, and risk factors for the worst Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outcome. Methods A cross-sectional observational study was carried out on patients with COVID-19 who recovered after hospitalization. Patients were recruited at the least 3 months after discharge and their hospital's health files were prospected. The variables evaluated were demographics, the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection (considering the need for intensive care), and the presence of chronic pain. The results were shown in a descriptive manner, and multivariate analysis expressed as Odds Ratios (ORs) and respective Confidence Intervals (CIs) for the outcomes studied. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results Of 242 individuals included, 77 (31.8%) reported chronic pain related to COVID-19, with no correlation with the severity of infection. Female sex and obesity were associated with a higher risk for chronic pain with ORs of 2.69 (Confidence Interval [95% CI 1.4 to 5.0]) and 3.02 (95% CI 1.5 to 5.9). The limbs were the most affected areas of the body. Conclusion Chronic pain is common among COVID-19 survivors treated in hospital environments. Female sex and obesity are risk factors for its occurrence. 201 COVID19 COVID 19 (COVID-19 forms Therefore COVID19, 19, stay demographics SARSCoV2 SARSCoV SARS CoV (SARS-CoV-2 outcome crosssectional cross sectional COVID-1 hospitals s prospected SARS-CoV- considering care, , care) manner (ORs CIs (CIs studied 005 0 05 0.05 24 included 7 31.8% 318 31 8 (31.8% 269 69 2.6 95% 95 [95 14 1 4 1. 5.0 50 5 5.0] 302 02 3.0 (95 15 5.9. 59 5.9 . 9 5.9) body environments occurrence 20 COVID1 (COVID-1 (SARS-CoV- COVID- SARS-CoV 00 0.0 31.8 (31.8 26 6 2. [9 5. 30 3. (9 (COVID- (SARS-CoV 0. 31. (31. [ ( (COVID (31 (3

Abstract Machine translation has become more popular in recent years and is now widely used by a broader public, such as laypeople, professional translators or those who need to produce academic texts in a language they do not master (Bowker & Buitrago Ciro, 2019). Even with the advances in technology, it is still necessary to proofread (or post-edit) machine-translated texts. However, this should not require more effort than producing texts directly in the target language. This study aimed to analyze the length of time to complete three different tasks involving L1 Brazilian Portuguese and L2 English: writing in the first language (EL1), writing in the additional language (EL2) and post-editing in the additional language (PEL2). The processes of these textual productions carried out by three PhD candidates in the field of education (P01, P02 and P03), who performed these tasks in different orders, were analyzed. Data was collected with a prospective questionnaire, Translog©-II program, Tobii Studio Eye Tracking Software©, OBS Studio, a smartwatch, and guided retrospective protocols. Results have shown that EL2 required more time from the participants, possibly due to their intermediate L2 proficiency level. Nevertheless, the time spent on this task was inversely proportional to its position in the order of the tasks. It has also been observed that machine translation has a facilitating effect on PEL2, requiring less time than EL2. Finally, it has been noticed that the temporal effort of EL1 and PEL2 altogether was inferior to that of EL2. Although post-editing is not performed very often in academia and requires more effort for more complex texts, results have suggested that it may be a more efficient form of writing in L2 when writing in L1 and post-editing in L2 require less time than writing in L2. public laypeople Bowker Ciro 2019. 2019 . 2019) technology postedit post edit post-edit machinetranslated translated However L English EL1, EL , (EL1) (EL2 postediting editing PEL2. PEL (PEL2) P01, P01 P (P01 P0 P03, P03 P03) orders analyzed questionnaire Translog©II TranslogII Translog© II Translog program Software Software© smartwatch protocols participants level Nevertheless Finally 201 (EL1 (EL (PEL2 (P0 20 (PEL (P 2

Resumo A tradução automática tornou-se mais popular nos últimos anos, sendo largamente utilizada por diversos usuários, sejam eles leigos, tradutores profissionais ou aqueles que precisam produzir textos acadêmicos em uma língua que não dominam (Bowker & Buitrago Ciro, 2019). Mesmo com os recentes avanços tecnológicos, ainda é necessária a correção, ou pós-edição, dos textos traduzidos automaticamente, o que não deveria demandar mais esforço que a produção de textos diretamente na língua-alvo. Nessa perspectiva, este estudo visou analisar o esforço temporal despendido para realizar três tarefas distintas envolvendo o português brasileiro (L1) e o inglês (L2): escrita na primeira língua (EL1), escrita na língua adicional (EL2) e pós-edição na língua adicional (PEL2). Foram analisados os processos dessas produções textuais realizadas por três participantes (P01, P02 e P03), doutorandos da área de Educação, que executaram essas tarefas em ordens diferentes. Para a coleta, utilizaram-se um questionário prospectivo, o programa Translog©-II, o Tobii Studio Eye Tracking Software©, o OBS Studio, um relógio de pulso do tipo smartwatch e protocolos retrospectivos guiados. Os resultados apontaram que a EL2 demandou mais tempo dos participantes, possivelmente devido à média linguística intermediária na L2. Contudo, o tempo despendido nessa tarefa foi inversamente proporcional à sua posição na ordem das tarefas. Observou-se, também, que a tradução automática tem efeito facilitador sobre a PEL2, demandando menos tempo que a EL2. Finalmente, constatou-se que o esforço temporal combinado entre EL1 e PEL2 foi menor que o da EL2. Apesar de a pós-edição não ser realizada com muita frequência no meio acadêmico e demandar mais esforço para textos mais complexos, os resultados sugerem que esta pode ser uma forma mais eficiente de produção textual na L2, quando a escrita na L1 e a pós-edição em L2 demandarem menos tempo do que a escrita em L2. tornouse tornou se anos usuários leigos Bowker Ciro 2019. 2019 . 2019) tecnológicos correção pósedição, pósedição pós edição, edição automaticamente línguaalvo. línguaalvo alvo. alvo língua-alvo perspectiva L (L1 (L2) EL1, EL , (EL1) (EL2 PEL2. PEL (PEL2) P01, P01 P (P01 P0 P03, P03 P03) Educação diferentes coleta utilizaramse utilizaram prospectivo Translog©II, TranslogII Translog© II, Translog II Translog©-II Software Software© guiados Contudo Observouse, Observouse Observou se, Observou-se também Finalmente constatouse constatou complexos 201 (L (L2 (EL1 (EL (PEL2 (P0 Translog©II 20 (PEL (P 2

Abstract Objectives To assess the hearing thresholds in acute otitis media, otitis media with effusion and chronic otitis media (non-suppurative, non-cholesteatomatous suppurative and cholesteatomatous) and to compare the hearing outcomes with non-diseased ears (in bilateral cases) or contralateral healthy ears (in unilateral cases), since hearing loss is the most frequent sequel of otitis media and there is no previous study comparing the audiometric thresholds among the different forms of otitis media. Methods Cross sectional, controlled study. We performed conventional audiometry (500-8000 Hz) and tympanometry in patients with otitis media and healthy individuals (control group). Hearing loss was considered when the hearing thresholds were > 25 dBHL. Results Of the 112 patients diagnosed with otitis media (151 ears), 48 were men (42.86%) and 64 were women (57.14%). The average age was 42.72 years. Of those, 25 (22.32%) were diagnosed as AOM, 15 (13.39%) were diagnosed with OME and the remaining 72 (63.28%) were diagnosed with COM (non-suppurative COM, n = 31; suppurative COM, n = 18; cholesteatomatous COM, n = 23). As compared with controls, all forms of otitis media had significantly higher bone-conduction thresholds (500-4000 Hz). Conductive hearing loss was the most frequent type of hearing loss (58.94%). However, the number of patients with mixed hearing loss was also relevant (39.07%). We noted that the presence of sensorioneural component occurred more frequently in 1) Higher frequencies; and 2) In groups of otitis media that were more active or severe in the inflammatory/infective standpoint (AOM, suppurative COM and cholesteatomatous COM). Conclusion All types of otitis media, even those with infrequent episodes of inflammation and otorrhea, had worse bone conduction thresholds as compared with nondiseased ears (p < 0.01). We observed worse hearing outcomes in ears with recurrent episodes of otorrhea and in ears with AOM, especially in high frequencies. nonsuppurative, nonsuppurative non suppurative, noncholesteatomatous diseased cases cases, , sectional 5008000 500 8000 (500-800 Hz control group. group . group) 2 dBHL 11 151 (15 ears, ears) 4 42.86% 4286 42 86 (42.86% 6 57.14%. 5714 57.14% 57 14 (57.14%) 4272 42.7 years 22.32% 2232 22 32 (22.32% AOM 1 13.39% 1339 13 39 (13.39% 7 63.28% 6328 63 28 (63.28% 31 18 23. 23 23) controls boneconduction 5004000 4000 (500-400 Hz. 58.94%. 5894 58.94% 58 94 (58.94%) However 39.07%. 3907 39.07% 07 (39.07%) frequencies inflammatoryinfective inflammatory infective (AOM COM. COM) p 0.01. 001 0.01 0 01 0.01) 500800 50 800 (500-80 (1 42.86 428 8 (42.86 571 57.14 5 (57.14% 427 42. 22.32 223 3 (22.32 13.39 133 (13.39 63.28 632 (63.28 500400 400 (500-40 589 58.94 9 (58.94% 390 39.07 (39.07% 00 0.0 50080 80 (500-8 ( 42.8 (42.8 57.1 (57.14 22.3 (22.3 13.3 (13.3 63.2 (63.2 50040 40 (500-4 58.9 (58.94 39.0 (39.07 0. 5008 (500- (42. 57. (57.1 22. (22. 13. (13. 63. (63. 5004 58. (58.9 39. (39.0 (500 (42 (57. (22 (13 (63 (58. (39. (50 (4 (57 (2 (6 (58 (39 (5 (3

RESUMO Objetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo caso-controle prospectivo foi avaliar a agradabilidade facial de pacientes com fissura labiopalatina completa e unilateral ao final da reabilitação interdisciplinar, submetidos a preenchimentos faciais à base de ácido hialurônico. Métodos: O grupo de estudo foi composto por 18 indivíduos com fissura labiopalatina unilateral completa, com idade entre 18 e 40 anos (média de 29 anos), de ambos os sexos. Os pacientes apresentavam perfil côncavo com deficiência maxilar leve a moderada, com tratamento ortodôntico concluído e realizado por meio de compensações dentoalveolares sem cirurgia ortognática. Os participantes foram submetidos a procedimentos de preenchimento facial com ácido hialurônico (AH) no terço médio da face, implantado por um único operador. Fotografias padrão em norma frontal em repouso, perfil direito em repouso e perfil esquerdo em repouso foram obtidas de cada paciente nos seguintes tempos operatórios: (T1) pré-preenchimento e (T2) um mês pós-preenchimento. As fotografias em T1 e T2 foram inseridas aleatoriamente em uma página de um álbum virtual. Uma escala Likert de 5 pontos foi utilizada para avaliar a agradabilidade facial. As fotografias foram avaliadas por dois grupos de avaliadores formados por 18 indivíduos com fissura labiopalatina (GFLP=18) e 18 ortodontistas com experiência no tratamento de fissuras (GO=18). Para comparação entre as fases T1 e T2, e entre avaliadores com fissura labiopalatina e ortodontistas, foi utilizado o teste de Wilcoxon (p<0,05). Resultados: As pessoas com fissura labiopalatina avaliaram seu rosto como mais agradável após o preenchimento do terço médio da face. Já na percepção do ortodontista, a agradabilidade facial permaneceu semelhante após o procedimento de preenchimento facial. Conclusões: O preenchimento do terço médio da face em pacientes com fissura labiopalatina tratados sem cirurgia ortognática aumentou a agradabilidade da face na opinião dos leigos com fissura labiopalatina. Objetivo casocontrole caso controle interdisciplinar Métodos 1 4 média 2 anos, , anos) sexos moderada AH (AH operador operatórios T (T1 prépreenchimento pré (T2 póspreenchimento. póspreenchimento pós preenchimento. pós-preenchimento virtual GFLP=18 GFLP18 GFLP (GFLP=18 GO=18. GO18 GO GO=18 . (GO=18) p<0,05. p005 p p<0,05 0 05 (p<0,05) Resultados ortodontista Conclusões (T GFLP=1 GFLP1 (GFLP=1 GO1 GO=1 (GO=18 p00 p<0,0 (p<0,05 GFLP= (GFLP= GO= (GO=1 p0 p<0, (p<0,0 (GFLP (GO= p<0 (p<0, (GO p< (p<0 (p< (p

ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of the present prospective case control study was to evaluate the facial pleasantness of patients with complete and unilateral cleft lip and palate at the end of interdisciplinary rehabilitation, submitted to facial fillers based on hyaluronic acid. Methods: The study group consisted of 18 individuals with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate, aged between 18 and 40 years (mean age 29 years) of both sexes. The patients presented a concave profile with mild to moderate maxillary deficiency, with completed orthodontic treatment and conducted by means of dentoalveolar compensations without orthognathic surgery. Participants underwent facial filling procedures with hyaluronic acid (HA) in the midface, inserted by a single operator. Standard photographs in frontal norm at rest, right profile at rest, and left profile at rest were obtained from each patient at the following operative times: (T1) pre-filler and (T2) and one-month post-filler. The photographs in T1 and T2 were randomly placed on a page of a virtual album. A 5-point Likert scale was used to assess facial pleasantness. The photographs were evaluated by two groups of evaluators consisting of 18 individuals with cleft lip and palate (CLPG=18) and 18 orthodontists with experience in the treatment of clefts (OG=18). For comparison between phases T1 and T2, and between evaluators with orofacial clefts and orthodontists, the Wilcoxon test was used (p<0,05). Results: People with cleft lip and palate rated their face as more pleasant after the midface filling procedure. In the perception of the orthodontists, on the other hand, the facial pleasantness remained similar after the facial filling procedure. Conclusions: The filling of the middle third of the face in patients with cleft lip and palate treated without orthognathic surgery increased the pleasantness of the face in the opinion of laypeople with cleft lip and palate. Objective rehabilitation Methods 1 4 mean 2 sexes deficiency HA (HA operator times T (T1 prefiller pre filler (T2 onemonth one month postfiller. postfiller post filler. post-filler album 5point point 5 CLPG=18 CLPG18 CLPG (CLPG=18 OG=18. OG18 OG OG=18 . (OG=18) p<0,05. p005 p p<0,05 0 05 (p<0,05) Results procedure hand Conclusions (T CLPG=1 CLPG1 (CLPG=1 OG1 OG=1 (OG=18 p00 p<0,0 (p<0,05 CLPG= (CLPG= OG= (OG=1 p0 p<0, (p<0,0 (CLPG (OG= p<0 (p<0, (OG p< (p<0 (p< (p

RESUMO Objetivo: O principal objetivo deste estudo foi comparar os níveis de estresse e ansiedade em crianças submetidas a procedimentos cirúrgicos com ou sem presença dos pais na indução da anestesia, medindo os níveis de cortisol salivar e aplicando o mYPAS. Método: Ensaio quaserandomizado com crianças de 5 a 12 anos, com estado físico ASA I, II ou III, submetidas a cirurgia eletiva. De acordo com a disposição dos pais, o par foi definido como grupo acompanhado ou não acompanhado. Foram utilizados testes de qui-quadrado, exato de Fisher, t de Student, Mann-Whitney, Hodges-Lehman e Spearman para as análises estatísticas. Resultados: Foram incluídas 46 crianças; 63% delas em idade préescolar, principalmente acompanhadas por suas mães (80%). A pontuação mYPAS mediana foi de 37,5 (intervalo interquartil, 23,4–51,6) em crianças não acompanhadas e de 55,0 (intervalo interquartil, 27,9–65,0) em crianças acompanhadas, com uma diferença mediana estimada de +11,8 (IC de 95% de 0 a 23,4; p = 0,044). Não houve diferenças significativas nos níveis médios de cortisol salivar. Conclusão: O nível de ansiedade foi maior em crianças acompanhadas. Não houve diferenças nos níveis de cortisol salivar entre os dois grupos. Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos (ReBEC):RBR-9wj4qvy. Objetivo anestesia Método 1 anos I III eletiva quiquadrado, quiquadrado qui quadrado, quadrado qui-quadrado Fisher Student MannWhitney, MannWhitney Mann Whitney, Whitney Mann-Whitney HodgesLehman Hodges Lehman estatísticas Resultados 4 63 préescolar 80%. 80 80% . (80%) 375 37 37, intervalo interquartil 23,4–51,6 234516 23 51 6 550 55 55, 27,9–65,0 279650 27 9 65 118 11 8 +11, IC 95 23,4 234 0,044. 0044 0,044 044 0,044) Conclusão grupos ReBECRBR9wj4qvy. ReBECRBR9wj4qvy ReBECRBRwjqvy ReBEC RBR 9wj4qvy. 9wj4qvy wj qvy (ReBEC):RBR-9wj4qvy (80% 3 23,4–51, 23451 2 27,9–65, 27965 +11 23, 004 0,04 04 ReBECRBR wjqvy (80 23,4–51 2345 27,9–65 2796 +1 00 0,0 (8 23,4–5 27,9–6 279 + 0, ( 23,4– 27,9– 27,9 27,

ABSTRACT Objective: The main objective of this study was to compare stress and anxiety levels in children undergoing surgical procedures with or without parental presence at induction of anesthesia by measuring salivary cortisol levels and applying the mYPAS. Method: Quasi-randomized trial with children aged 5–12 year, with ASA physical status I, II, or III, undergoing elective surgery. According to parents’ willingness, the pair were defined as accompanied or unaccompanied group. Chi-square, Fisher’s exact tests, Student’s t test, Mann-Whitney, Hodges-Lehman and Spearman’s tests were used for statistical analyzes. Results: We included 46 children; 63% were preschool children mostly accompanied by their mothers (80%). The median mYPAS score was 37.5 (quartile range, 23.4–51.6) in unaccompanied children, and 55.0 (quartile range, 27.9–65.0) in accompanied children, with an estimated median difference of +11.8 (95% CI of 0 to 23.4; p = 0.044). There were no significant differences in the mean salivary cortisol levels. Conclusion: The level of anxiety was higher in accompanied children. There were no differences in salivary cortisol levels between both groups. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC):RBR-9wj4qvy. Objective Method Quasirandomized Quasi randomized 512 5 12 5–1 year I II III surgery parents willingness group Chisquare, Chisquare Chi square, square Chi-square Fishers Fisher s Students Student test MannWhitney, MannWhitney Mann Whitney, Whitney Mann-Whitney HodgesLehman Hodges Lehman Spearmans Spearman analyzes Results 4 63 80%. 80 80% . (80%) 375 37 37. quartile range 23.4–51.6 234516 23 51 6 550 55 55. 27.9–65.0 279650 27 9 65 118 11 8 +11. 95% 95 (95 23.4 234 0.044. 0044 0.044 044 0.044) Conclusion groups ReBECRBR9wj4qvy. ReBECRBR9wj4qvy ReBECRBRwjqvy ReBEC RBR 9wj4qvy. 9wj4qvy wj qvy (ReBEC):RBR-9wj4qvy 1 5– (80% 3 23.4–51. 23451 2 27.9–65. 27965 +11 (9 23. 004 0.04 04 ReBECRBR wjqvy (80 23.4–51 2345 27.9–65 2796 +1 ( 00 0.0 (8 23.4–5 27.9–6 279 + 0. 23.4– 27.9– 27.9 27.

RESUMEN Objetivo: El objetivo principal de este estudio fue comparar los niveles de estrés y ansiedad en niños sometidos a procedimientos quirúrgicos con o sin presencia de los padres en la inducción de la anestesia mediante la medición de los niveles de cortisol salival y la aplicación del mYPAS. Método: Ensayo cuasi-aleatorio con niños de 5 a 12 años, con estado físico ASA I, II o III, sometidos a cirugía electiva. Según la disposición de los padres, se definieron como grupo acompañado o no acompañado. Se utilizaron pruebas de chi-cuadrado, exacta de Fisher, t de Student, Mann-Whitney, Hodges-Lehman y Spearman para los análisis estadísticos. Resultados: Se incluyeron 46 niños; el 63% eran niños en edad preescolar, en su mayoría acompañados por sus madres (80%). La puntuación mYPAS mediana fue de 37,5 (rango intercuartílico, 23,4–51,6) en niños no acompañados y de 55,0 (rango intercuartílico, 27,9–65,0) en niños acompañados, con una diferencia mediana estimada de +11,8 (IC del 95% de 0 a 23,4; p = 0,044). No hubo diferencias significativas en los niveles medios de cortisol salival. Conclusión: El nivel de ansiedad fue mayor en los niños acompañados. No hubo diferencias en los niveles de cortisol salival entre ambos grupos. Registro Brasileño de Ensayos Clínicos (ReBEC):RBR-9wj4qvy. Objetivo Método cuasialeatorio cuasi aleatorio 1 años I III electiva chicuadrado, chicuadrado chi cuadrado, cuadrado chi-cuadrado Fisher Student MannWhitney, MannWhitney Mann Whitney, Whitney Mann-Whitney HodgesLehman Hodges Lehman estadísticos Resultados 4 63 preescolar 80%. 80 80% . (80%) 375 37 37, rango intercuartílico 23,4–51,6 234516 23 51 6 550 55 55, 27,9–65,0 279650 27 9 65 118 11 8 +11, IC 95 23,4 234 0,044. 0044 0,044 044 0,044) Conclusión grupos ReBECRBR9wj4qvy. ReBECRBR9wj4qvy ReBECRBRwjqvy ReBEC RBR 9wj4qvy. 9wj4qvy wj qvy (ReBEC):RBR-9wj4qvy (80% 3 23,4–51, 23451 2 27,9–65, 27965 +11 23, 004 0,04 04 ReBECRBR wjqvy (80 23,4–51 2345 27,9–65 2796 +1 00 0,0 (8 23,4–5 27,9–6 279 + 0, ( 23,4– 27,9– 27,9 27,

RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar os parâmetros de câmara anterior obtidos através da tomografia de coerência óptica de segmento anterior antes e após a iridectomia periférica a laser. Métodos: Quatorze pacientes com fechamento angular primário e seis com glaucoma primário de ângulo fechado foram prospectivamente avaliados neste estudo. Gonioscopia e tomografia de coerência óptica de segmento anterior com DRI OCT Triton® foram realizadas antes e após a iridectomia periférica a laser. Os seguintes parâmetros de tomografia de coerência óptica de segmento anterior, baseados na localização do esporão escleral, foram avaliados: ângulo de abertura angular a 250 µm, 500 µm e 750 µm, área do espaço entre a íris e o trabeculado a 500 µm, ângulo entre a íris e o trabeculado, extensão do contato entre a íris e o trabeculado e curvatura da íris. Resultados: A tomografia de coerência óptica de segmento anterior identificou 61% dos indivíduos com dois ou mais quadrantes fechados. A gonioscopia identificou mais quadrantes com ângulo fechado do que tomografia de coerência óptica de segmento anterior antes da iridectomia periférica a laser. Quanto aos parâmetros angulares, apenas ângulo de abertura angular a 250 µm no quadrante nasal não aumentou significativamente após a iridectomia periférica a laser. A curvatura da íris e a extensão do contato entre a íris e o trabeculado apresentaram redução significativa induzida pelo procedimento a laser. Mesmo nos olhos em que a gonioscopia não identificou aumento da amplitude angular após iridectomia periférica a laser (n=7), ângulo de abertura angular a 750 µm aumentou (nasal: 0,15 ± 0,10 mm para 0,27 ± 0,16 mm, p=0,01; temporal: 0,14 ± 0,11 mm para 0,25 ± 0,12 mm, p=0,001), e ICURVE diminuiu (nasal: 0,25 ± 0,04 mm vs. 0,11 ± 0,07 mm, p=0,02; temporal: 0,25 ± 0,07 mm vs. 0,14 ± 0,08 mm, p=0,007). Conclusões: As alterações na câmara anterior induzidas pelo iridectomia periférica a laser puderam ser avaliadas quantitativamente e documentadas pelo DRI OCT Triton®. Objetivo Métodos estudo Triton escleral 25 50 75 Resultados 61 fechados angulares n=7, n7 n n=7 , 7 (n=7) (nasal 015 0 15 0,1 010 10 027 27 0,2 016 16 p=0,01 p001 p 01 temporal 014 14 011 11 025 012 12 p=0,001, p0001 p=0,001 001 p=0,001) 004 04 0,0 vs 007 07 p=0,02 p002 02 008 08 p=0,007. p0007 p=0,007 . p=0,007) Conclusões 2 5 6 n= (n=7 1 0, p=0,0 p00 p000 p=0,00 00 (n= p=0, p0 (n p=0 p=

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study aimed to compare an teriorchamber parameters acquired by a swept-source anteriorsegment optical coherence tomography before and after laser peripheral iridotomy. Methods: This study prospectively evaluated 14 patients with primary-angle closure and six patients with primary-angle closure glaucoma. Gonioscopy and anterior-segment optical coherence tomography using the DRI OCT Triton® were performed before and after laser peripheral iridotomy. Anterior-segment optical coherence tomography parameters were studied using scleral spur as reference: angle opening distance at 250, 500, and 750 µm, trabecular-iris space at 500 µm, trabecular-iris angle, trabecular-iris contact length, and iris curvature. Results: Anterior-segment optical coherence tomography identified 61% of the patients with two or more quadrants closed. Gonioscopy identified more closed angles than anterior-segment optical coherence tomography before laser peripheral iridotomy. In angle parameters, only the angle opening distance of 250 µm at the nasal quadrant was not significantly increased after laser peripheral iridotomy. The iris curvature and trabecular-iris contact length showed a significant reduction induced by the laser procedure. Even in eyes in which gonioscopy did not identify angular widening after laser peripheral iridotomy (n=7), the angle opening distance of 750 µm increased (nasal, 0.15 ± 0.10 mm to 0.27 ± 0.16 mm, p=0.01; temporal, 0.14 ± 0.11 mm to 0.25 ± 0.12 mm, p=0.001) and the iris curvature decreased (nasal, 0.25 ± 0.04 mm vs. 0.11 ± 0.07 mm, p=0.02; temporal, 0.25 ± 0.07 mm vs. 0.14 ± 0.08 mm, p=0.007). Conclusions: Anterior-chamber changes induced by laser peripheral iridotomy could be quantitatively evaluated and documented by DRI OCT Triton® Purpose sweptsource swept source Methods 1 primaryangle primary glaucoma anterior segment Triton Anteriorsegment Anterior reference 75 trabeculariris trabecular 50 Results 61 25 procedure n=7, n7 n n=7 , 7 (n=7) nasal, (nasal 015 0 15 0.1 010 10 027 27 0.2 016 16 p=0.01 p001 p 01 temporal 014 011 11 025 012 12 p=0.001 p0001 001 004 04 0.0 vs 007 07 p=0.02 p002 02 008 08 p=0.007. p0007 p=0.007 . p=0.007) Conclusions Anteriorchamber chamber 5 6 2 n= (n=7 0. p=0.0 p00 p=0.00 p000 00 (n= p=0. p0 (n p=0 p=

Abstract Background: Postoperative sore throat is one of the main postoperative complaints in patients undergoing tonsillectomy. As the primary outcome, we aimed to determine whether endotracheal tube cuffs filled with alkalinized lidocaine are associated with a lower incidence of postoperative sore throat and anesthesia emergence phenomena in children undergoing tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy. We also assessed the potential additional benefits of IV dexamethasone in reducing postoperative laryngotracheal morbidity. Methods: This is a clinical prospective, randomized, controlled trial. Patients were randomly allocated to one of four groups, as follows: air – endotracheal tube cuff filled with air; air/dex – endotracheal tube cuff filled with air and intravenous dexamethasone; lido – endotracheal tube cuff filled with alkalinized lidocaine; and lido/dex – endotracheal tube cuff filled with alkalinized lidocaine and intravenous dexamethasone. Perioperative hemodynamic parameters and the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting, coughing and hoarseness were recorded. Postoperative sore throat was assessed in the postanesthetic care unit and 24 hours post tracheal extubation. Results: In total, 154 children aged 4–12 years, ASA physical status I or II, undergoing general anesthesia for elective tonsillectomy and adenotonsillectomy, were assessed for postoperative sore throat in this study. The incidence of postoperative sore throat 24 hours after tracheal extubation was significantly lower in the lido/dex group compared to groups air and air/dex (p = 0.01). However, no additional reduction in these symptoms was observed from the intravenous administration of dexamethasone when comparing the lido and lido/dex groups. Similarly, there were no differences among groups regarding perioperative hemodynamic variables or postoperative nausea and vomiting, coughing, and hoarseness during the study period. Conclusion: Intracuff alkalinized lidocaine, associated with intravenous dexamethasone, might be effective in reducing sore throat 24 hours post-tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy in children when compared to the use of air as the cuff insufflation media. Background outcome morbidity Methods prospective randomized trial follows airdex dex lidodex vomiting recorded 2 Results total 15 412 4 12 4–1 years II p 0.01. 001 0.01 . 0 01 0.01) However Similarly period Conclusion posttonsillectomy media 1 41 4– 00 0.0 0.

Resumo Os óleos essenciais são objeto de estudo devido à heterogeneidade de seus componentes, que variam de acordo com o gênero e espécie do material vegetal. O objetivo deste estudo foi a caracterização físico-química e dos componentes bioativos do óleo essencial (OE) extraído das ervas silvestres punamuña (Satureja boliviana) e runtuhuayra (Clinopodium weberbaueri (Mansf.) Govaerts) das áreas alto-andinas do sul do Peru. A extração do OE de ambas as espécies foi realizada usando a técnica de destilação a vapor, a caracterização da densidade por métodos gravimétricos e a acidez, índice de peróxido e refração, por métodos analíticos recomendados pela norma técnica peruana (NTP). Os compostos bioativos foram quantificados por cromatografia gasosa acoplada a um detector de espectrometria de massa (GC-MS). Um melhor desempenho de OE foi obtido com punañuna 0,38% (m/m) em comparação com runtuhuayra 0,28% (m/m); Em ambas as amostras, a densidade e o índice de refração apresentaram valores semelhantes (0,93-0,94) g/mL e (1,528-1,520) (p>0,05), respectivamente. Porém, o índice de acidez e o peróxido apresentaram diferença significativa entre as amostras estudadas (p<0,05). Foram identificados 37 compostos bioativos sintetizados como metabólitos secundários no OE de Satureja boliviana, sendo a maioria monoterpenos (62%), com destaque para mentona, L-mentona, pulegona e 3-ciclohexeno-1-ona. Também foram encontrados 2-isopropil-5-metil, linalol, α-cadineno e α-cadinol. Enquanto isso, no OE de Clinopodium weberbaueri, foram detectados e quantificados 28 compostos, nos quais predominam os monoterpenos (61%) constituídos por pulegona (45,67%); isomentol (13,85%); mentona (6,05%), carvacrol (5,39%), e também D-limoneno, o-cimeno; 3-octanol; β-pineno e α-terpineol, sucessivamente. Esta recente caracterização do OE das amostras citadas revela uma nova alternativa de aditivo ou ingrediente para a indústria devido ao seu valor biológico associado a atividades antioxidantes, antimicrobianas, anti-inflamatórias e psicoterapêuticas. vegetal físicoquímica físico química (OE boliviana Mansf. Mansf (Mansf. Govaerts altoandinas alto andinas Peru vapor NTP. NTP . (NTP) GCMS. GCMS GC MS (GC-MS) 038 0 38 0,38 m/m mm m (m/m 028 0,28 0,930,94 093094 0,93 0,94 93 94 (0,93-0,94 gmL g mL 1,5281,520 15281520 1,528 1,520 1 528 520 (1,528-1,520 p>0,05, p005 p p>0,05 , 05 (p>0,05) respectivamente Porém p<0,05. p<0,05 (p<0,05) 3 62%, 62 62% (62%) Lmentona, Lmentona L L-mentona 3ciclohexeno1ona. 3ciclohexeno1ona ciclohexenoona ciclohexeno ona. ona 3-ciclohexeno-1-ona 2isopropil5metil, 2isopropil5metil isopropilmetil 2 isopropil 5 metil, metil 2-isopropil-5-metil linalol αcadineno α cadineno αcadinol. αcadinol cadinol. cadinol α-cadinol isso 61% 61 (61% 45,67% 4567 45 67 (45,67%) 13,85% 1385 13 85 (13,85%) 6,05%, 605 6,05% 6 (6,05%) 5,39%, 539 5,39% 39 (5,39%) Dlimoneno, Dlimoneno D limoneno, limoneno D-limoneno ocimeno cimeno o-cimeno 3octanol octanol 3-octanol βpineno β pineno αterpineol, αterpineol terpineol, terpineol α-terpineol sucessivamente antioxidantes antimicrobianas antiinflamatórias anti inflamatórias psicoterapêuticas (Mansf (NTP (GC-MS 03 0,3 02 0,2 930 0,930,9 09309 093 0,9 094 9 (0,93-0,9 5281 1,5281,52 1528152 1528 1,52 1520 52 (1,528-1,52 p00 p>0,0 (p>0,05 p<0,0 (p<0,05 (62% (61 45,67 456 4 (45,67% 13,85 138 8 (13,85% 60 6,05 (6,05% 53 5,39 (5,39% 0, 0,930, 0930 09 (0,93-0, 1,5281,5 152815 152 1,5 (1,528-1,5 p0 p>0, (p>0,0 p<0, (p<0,0 (62 (6 45,6 (45,67 13,8 (13,85 6,0 (6,05 5,3 (5,39 0,930 (0,93-0 1,5281, 15281 15 1, (1,528-1, p>0 (p>0, p<0 (p<0, ( 45, (45,6 13, (13,8 6, (6,0 5, (5,3 (0,93- 1,5281 (1,528-1 p> (p>0 p< (p<0 (45, (13, (6, (5, (0,93 (1,528- (p> (p< (45 (13 (5 (0,9 (1,528 (p (4 (1 (0, (1,52 (0 (1,5 (1,

Abstract Essential oils are a subject of study due to the heterogeneity of their components, which vary according to the genus and species of the plant material. The objective of this study was the physicochemical characterization and bioactive components of the essential oil (EO) extracted from wild punamuña (Satureja Boliviana) and runtuhuayra (Clinopodium Weberbaueri (Mansf.) Govaerts) herbs from high Andean areas of southern Peru. The extraction of the EO from both species was carried out using the steam distillation technique, the density characterization using gravimetric methods and the acidity, peroxide index and refraction by analytical methods recommended by the Norma Tecnica Peruana (NTP). The bioactive compounds were quantified using gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometry detector (GC-MS). A better EO performance was obtained from punañuna 0.38% (w/w) compared to runtuhuayra 0.28% (w/w); In both samples, the density and refractive index were similar values (0.93-0.94) g/mL and (1.528-1.520) (p>0.05) respectively; However, the acid and peroxide index showed a significant difference between the samples studied (p<0.05). 37 bioactive compounds synthesized as secondary metabolites in Satureja Boliviana EO were identified, with the majority being monoterpenes (62%) highlighted by menthone, L-menthone, pulegone and 3-cyclohexen-1-one. 2-isopropyl-5-methyl, linalool, α-cadinene and α-cadinol; Meanwhile, in the EO of Clinopodium Weberbaueri, 28 compounds were detected and quantified, in which monoterpenes predominate (61%) made up of pulegone (45.67%); isomenthol (13.85%), menthone (6.05%), carvacrol (5.39%), and also D-limonene; o-cymene; 3-octanol; β-pinene and α-terpineol successively. This characterization of the EO of the aforementioned samples reveals recent a new additive or ingredient alternative for the industry due to its biological value associated with antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory activities and psychotherapeutics. material (EO Mansf. Mansf (Mansf. Govaerts Peru technique acidity NTP. NTP . (NTP) GCMS. GCMS GC MS (GC-MS) 038 0 38 0.38 w/w ww w (w/w 028 0.28 0.930.94 093094 0.93 0.94 93 94 (0.93-0.94 gmL g mL 1.5281.520 15281520 1.528 1.520 1 528 520 (1.528-1.520 p>0.05 p005 p 05 (p>0.05 respectively However p<0.05. p<0.05 (p<0.05) 3 identified 62% 62 (62% Lmenthone, Lmenthone L L-menthone 3cyclohexen1one. 3cyclohexen1one cyclohexenone cyclohexen one. one 3-cyclohexen-1-one 2isopropyl5methyl, 2isopropyl5methyl isopropylmethyl 2 isopropyl 5 methyl, methyl 2-isopropyl-5-methyl linalool αcadinene α cadinene αcadinol cadinol α-cadinol Meanwhile 61% 61 (61% 45.67% 4567 45 67 (45.67%) 13.85%, 1385 13.85% , 13 85 (13.85%) 6.05%, 605 6.05% 6 (6.05%) 5.39%, 539 5.39% 39 (5.39%) Dlimonene D limonene D-limonene ocymene o cymene o-cymene 3octanol octanol 3-octanol βpinene β pinene αterpineol terpineol successively antioxidant antimicrobial antiinflammatory anti inflammatory psychotherapeutics (Mansf (NTP (GC-MS 03 0.3 02 0.2 930 0.930.9 09309 093 0.9 094 9 (0.93-0.9 5281 1.5281.52 1528152 1528 1.52 1520 52 (1.528-1.52 p>0.0 p00 (p>0.0 p<0.0 (p<0.05 (62 (61 45.67 456 4 (45.67% 138 13.85 8 (13.85% 60 6.05 (6.05% 53 5.39 (5.39% 0. 0.930. 0930 09 (0.93-0. 1.5281.5 152815 152 1.5 (1.528-1.5 p>0. p0 (p>0. p<0. (p<0.0 (6 45.6 (45.67 13.8 (13.85 6.0 (6.05 5.3 (5.39 0.930 (0.93-0 1.5281. 15281 15 1. (1.528-1. p>0 (p>0 p<0 (p<0. ( 45. (45.6 13. (13.8 6. (6.0 5. (5.3 (0.93- 1.5281 (1.528-1 p> (p> p< (p<0 (45. (13. (6. (5. (0.93 (1.528- (p (p< (45 (13 (5 (0.9 (1.528 (4 (1 (0. (1.52 (0 (1.5 (1.