Abstract: The notion of authorship in architecture has been connected to the prominence of drawing as an autographic record of the design process since the Renaissance. The conditions and limits considering the co-authorship of a work are analyzed and a classification is proposed in relation to the different ways of considering authorship within the complex process of architectural production when several actors are involved. The role of creativity in this process is also studied regarding the context of the disciplinary past. Finally, we analyze the progressive fading of authorship concerning this graphic record of the process with the emergence of new technologies or the progressive transdisciplinary specialization that spurs the consideration of other kinds of non-graphic relationships between author and work.

Resumen: La noción de autoría en la arquitectura ha estado ligada al protagonismo del dibujo como registro autógrafo del proceso de proyecto desde el Renacimiento. Se analizan las condiciones y los límites para valorar la coautoría de una obra y se propone una clasificación en relación con los diferentes modos de consideración de la autoría en el complejo proceso de producción arquitectónica en el caso de varios actores. También se estudia cuál es el papel de la creatividad en este proceso dentro del contexto del pasado disciplinar. Finalmente, se esboza el progresivo desvanecimiento de la autoría en relación con el registro gráfico del proceso y la aparición de las nuevas tecnologías o la progresiva especialización transdisciplinar que conduce a considerar otro tipo de relaciones no gráficas entre el autor y la obra.

Abstract Introduction: Sticholecitha serpentis is a poorly studied parasite of the snakes’ esophagus, with an unclear taxonomy. Currently, there are few records of S. serpentis in snakes in Brazil. Although it has been recorded in snakes of the family Viperidae, it has not yet been reported in Bothrops atrox. Objectives: To present new morphological characters, as well as ecological and parasitic relationships of S. serpentis with B. atrox. Methods: The samples were obtained in a dryland area in the Tapajós National Forest, Pará State, Brazil. Ten specimens of B. atrox were examined manually with the aid of tweezers, and three were positive for trematodes identified as S. serpentis in the oral cavity. Results: We provide scanning electron microscopy images, with detailed images of the S. serpentis tegument and its spines, as well as details of the dorsal keel using light microscopy methods. Moreover, we report the first record of S. serpentis parasitizing an Amazonian viperid, with infection frequency data of 30 %. Conclusion: We emphasize that the new morphological data presented in this manuscript provide additional information to facilitate the identification of this trematode in future studies.

Resumen Introducción: Sticholecitha serpentis es un parásito del esófago de serpientes poco estudiado y su sistemática no está clara. Actualmente, existen pocos registros del parásito en serpientes en Brasil. Aunque ha sido registrada en serpientes de la familia Viperidae, aún no ha sido reportada en Bothrops atrox. Objetivos: Presentar novedades en aspectos morfológicos, relaciones ecológicas y parasitarias de S. serpentis, parásito encontrado por primera vez en la cavidad bucal de B. atrox. Métodos: Las muestras provienen de un área seca en la Floresta Nacional de Tapajós, Estado de Pará, Brasil. Diez especímenes de B. atrox fueron examinados manualmente con la ayuda de pinzas. De estos individuos tres fueron positivos para trematodos compatibles con S. serpentis en la cavidad oral. Resultados: Se proporcionan imágenes de microscopía electrónica de barrido, con imágenes del tegumento de S. serpentis y sus espinas, y detalles de la quilla dorsal mediante métodos de microscopía óptica. Además, se reporta el primer registro de parasitismo por S. serpentis en un vipérido amazónico, con datos de frecuencia de infección del 30 %. Conclusión: Los nuevos datos morfológicos presentados en este manuscrito proporcionan información adicional para facilitar la identificación de este tremátodo en futuros estudios.

Abstract Introduction: The Aedes vittatus mosquito is an important vector of yellow fever in Africa, with vectorial competence for dengue, chikungunya and Zika. Its presence has been reported in some places in Africa, Asia, Europe, and -recently- America. However, information on its distribution is fragmented, with limited descriptions of the specific characteristics of its habitats. Objective: To compile records of its occurrence, describe the ecological characteristics of its habitat and estimate its current and future global potential invasion. Methods: We employed both first-record data and global occurrence records to describe its habitat. Additionally, we used an ecological niche model, specifically the MaxEnt algorithm, with bioclimatic variable layers to estimate potential invasion areas. Since the native range of A. vittatus is unknown, we calibrated accessible areas using two hypotheses, Africa and Asia, based on available genetic information. Results: Regardless of its native area, A. vittatus appears to be distributed in tropical and subtropical areas in all continents with potential to reach even currently colder climates as global climate change. It is found mainly in tropical and urban areas, likely through transcontinental and terrestrial passive transport. Conclusions: The mosquito can be found on all continents, ranging from sea level to 2 500 m.a.s.l., at temperatures between 15 and 30 °C, and has the potential for further expansion.

Resumen Introducción: El mosquito Aedes vittatus es un importante vector de la fiebre amarilla en África, con competencia vectorial para el dengue, la chikungunya y el Zika. Se ha informado de su presencia en algunas áreas de África, Asia, Europa y, recientemente, América. Sin embargo, la información sobre su distribución es fragmentada, con descripciones limitadas de las características específicas de sus hábitats. Objetivo: Recopilar registros de su presencia, describir las características ecológicas de su hábitat y estimar su potencial de invasión actual y futuro a nivel mundial. Métodos: Utilizamos datos de primeros registros y registros de presencia a nivel global para describir su hábitat. Además, empleamos un modelo de nicho ecológico, específicamente el algoritmo MaxEnt, con capas de variables bioclimáticas para estimar las áreas de potencial invasión. Dado que se desconoce el área nativa de A. vittatus, calibramos áreas accesibles bajo dos hipótesis, África y Asia, basadas en la información genética disponible. Resultados: Independientemente de su área nativa, A. vittatus parece distribuirse en regiones tropicales y subtropicales en todos los continentes, con el potencial de expandirse incluso hacia climas actualmente más fríos debido al cambio climático global. Se encuentra principalmente en áreas tropicales y urbanas, posiblemente a través del transporte pasivo transcontinental y terrestre. Conclusiones: El mosquito se puede encontrar en todos los continentes, desde el nivel del mar hasta altitudes de 2 500 m.s.n.m., a temperaturas que oscilan entre 15 y 30 °C, y presenta el potencial para una mayor expansión geográfica.

This technical note presents a comparative analysis between the heavy rainfall that occurred in Rio Grande do Sul, between April and May 2024, with the heaviest rainfall events ever observed in Brazil, between 1961 and 2022. The comparative analysis was performed using the Depth Area Duration technique, suitable for the analysis of heavy rainfall on a large spatial and temporal scale. We concluded that following our analysis, the rainfall that occurred in Rio Grande do Sul largely exceeded the most intense large-scale precipitation events historically observed in Brazil, from 1961 to 2022, at least for areas from 2,000 to 100,000 km2 and rainfall durations of 3 to 14 days. In some cases (3-day rainfall in 10,000 km2) the 2024 rainfall was 47% higher than the previous record rainfall. Considering that we cannot rule out that similar events occur in any other basin, at least in South Brazil, it may be necessary to review the original design and operation rules of high-risk hydraulic structures and flood defense systems throughout the Southern region of the country.

Esta nota técnica apresenta uma análise comparativa entre as chuvas intensas ocorridas no Rio Grande do Sul, entre abril e maio de 2024, com os maiores eventos de chuva já observados no Brasil, entre 1961 e 2022. A análise comparativa foi realizada utilizando a técnica Depth Area Duration, que é adequada para a análise de chuvas intensas em grande escala espacial e temporal. Concluímos que as chuvas ocorridas no Rio Grande do Sul superaram amplamente os eventos de precipitação de larga escala mais intensos historicamente observados no Brasil, de 1961 a 2022, pelo menos para áreas de 2.000 a 100.000 km2 e durações de chuva de 3 a 14 dias. Em alguns casos (chuva de 3 dias em 10.000 km2), a precipitação de 2024 foi 47% maior que o recorde anterior de precipitação. Considerando que não podemos descartar que eventos semelhantes ocorram em nenhuma outra bacia, pelo menos no Sul do Brasil, pode ser necessário rever as regras originais de projeto e operação de estruturas hidráulicas de alto risco e sistemas de defesa contra inundações em toda a região Sul do país.

ABSTRACT. Size-frequency, length-weight, and length-length relationships for Hemiramphus brasiliensis (Linnaeus, 1978) and Hyporhamphus unifasciatus (Ranzani, 1841) from the north coast of the Yucatan peninsula in the Gulf of Mexico were studied. All specimens were collected from the artisanal fishery of halfbeaks, which is under an exploratory fishery license. Five thousand two hundred-one individuals (5,134 H. brasiliensis and 67 H. unifasciatus) were sampled and analyzed. The size-frequency analysis showed that individuals of H. brasiliensis among 31.5 to 34.5 cm of total length (TL) class dominated the fishery samples; however, the separation index (≥2) detected two modes in the last months of the year, identifying a cohort with a length below the average (24.5 to 26.5 cm TL). The isometric growth pattern was found in females and pooled sex in H. unifasciatus, and positive allometric growth was found in males and H. brasiliensis. The TL was 9 and 4.5% greater than the fork length for H. brasiliensis and H. unifasciatus, respectively. The size of H. brasiliensis (45.5 cm TL) exceeds the reported in previous studies from the Gulf of Mexico and the Mexican Caribbean Sea, and a new record of maximum length for H. unifasciatus (31cm TL) was reported to the FishBase database.

ABSTRACT. The order Ingolfiellida (Crustacea, Peracarida) represents a small group of peracarid crustaceans, usually less than 3 mm long and comprising 53 species in several ecosystems worldwide. Previously, eight ingolfiellid species had been documented from the Intra-Americans Sea: one from the Gulf of Mexico and eastern Florida and seven from the Caribbean Sea, including the Bahamas. A new deep-sea species of Ingolfiella is described based on material collected from bathyal soft bottoms (2650 m depth) offshore Veracruz State, southern Gulf of Mexico. The new species can be differentiated as follows: accessory flagellum 2-articulate; antenna 2 flagellum 4-articulate; pereopods 5-6 with long curved seta on dactylus; rami of uropod 1 subequal in length; uropod 3 ramus longer than peduncle, unarticulated; pleopods 1-3 as long as pleonal segments; maxilla 1 inner plate with one tiny seta distally; mandible without palp; molar poorly developed; pleopods reduced; telson as a fleshy ovoidal lobe with two slender dorsal setae. A table and a map featuring the nine ingolfiellids recorded in the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean Sea, and eastern Florida are also provided. The new species increases the number of Ingolfiella species to 35 worldwide, representing the second record of ingolfiellids from the Gulf of Mexico.

Resumen Antecedentes: Las Gesneriaceae tienen una gran diversidad de colores y de formas florales, así como un extraordinario y gran potencial ornamental. Preguntas: ¿Cuántas y cuáles especies (silvestres y cultivadas) de Gesneriaceae se presentan en el estado de Morelos? ¿Cuál es la distribución geográfica de los taxones silvestres y en dónde habitan? ¿Cómo es la morfología de las gesneriáceas silvestres? Sitio de estudio y periodo de investigación: Estado de Morelos, México. Durante los años 2021 y 2022. Métodos: Se revisó literatura, colecciones de herbarios y bases de datos, se actualizó la nomenclatura, se elaboró una base de datos, se hicieron colectas botánicas y disecciones florales. Resultados: Se reportan tres géneros y 11 especies silvestres de Gesneriaceae; de las cuales, Achimenes erecta (Lam.) H.P. Fuchs es un nuevo registro para el estado de Morelos, y se registran gesneriáceas en localidades distintas a las previamente conocidas. Los taxones resultantes en Morelos representan el 10 % del total reportado para el país. Además, se enlistan seis géneros, ocho especies y cuatro híbridos de plantas ornamentales. Conclusiones: Se actualizó la lista de géneros y especies presentes en Morelos, y por primera vez se reportan especies cultivadas. Es el segundo estudio de la familia a nivel estatal en México. Achimenes skinneri Gordon & Lindl. ha reaparecido después de varias décadas como resultado del esfuerzo de recolecta. La perturbación de muchas localidades en la entidad ha afectado la permanencia de las especies silvestres de Gesneriaceae, tal es el caso de Smithiantha zebrina que no fue localizada.

Abstract Background: The Gesneriads have a great diversity of colors and floral shapes, as well as an extraordinary morphology and great ornamental potential. Questions: How many and which species (wild and ornamental) of Gesneriaceae occur in the state of Morelos? How are geographically distribute the wild taxa and where they occur? How is the morphology of wild Gesneriads? Study site: State of Morelos, Mexico. During the years 2021 and 2022. Methods: Literature, herbarium collections and databases were reviewed, the nomenclature was updated, a database was developed, botanical collections and floral dissections were made. Results: Three genera and eleven wild species of Gesneriaceae are reported; of which Achimenes erecta (Lam.) H.P. Fuchs is a new record for the state of Morelos and Gesneriaceae are recorded in other localities than those previously known. The taxa resulting in Morelos represents 10% of the total reported for the country. Additionally, for the first time, six genera, eight species and four hybrids of ornamental plants are reported. Conclusions: The list of genera and species that occur in Morelos is updated, and cultivated species are recorded for the first time. This is the second family-specific study at the state level in Mexico. Achimenes skinneri Gordon & Lindl. has reappeared after several decades because the botanical collection effort. Disturbance of many localities in the State affected the permanence of wild species of Gesneriaceae, such is the case of Smithiantha zebrina (Regel) Kuntze, which was not located.

Brejos Nordestinos (northeastern highland wet forests) is a unique ecosystem within the Northeastern Atlantic Forest. This area encompasses a mosaic of humid forests above 600 meters in the semi-arid region, forming an ecotone area. These environmental conditions create an optimal ecosystem for the diversification of plants, including ferns. Pico do Jabre in Paraíba state, with an elevation of 1,208 meters above sea level, is an example of Brejo Nordestino. This study reports the occurrence of Pleopeltis pleopeltidis in the Northeastern Atlantic Forest, particularly at Pico do Jabre, a new record of P. pleopeltifolia for Paraíba state, and the local fern flora. Additional records of P. pleopeltidis were found in the municipalities of Triunfo, and Floresta, in Pernambuco state, which are also classified as Brejos Nordestinos with elevations exceeding 1,000 meters above sea level. These findings extend the species' known extent of occurrence by approximately 40%. The conservation status of P. pleopeltidis is suggested as Vulnerable (VU) across its entire range and Endangered (EN) in Northeast Brazil. The distance between populations in the Northeastern Atlantic Forest and the nearest populations in Bahia state ranges from 763-931 km, indicating a potential disjunction. Although the species occurs in three relatively close Brejos Nordestinos, the fragmented nature of the Northeastern Atlantic Forest results in isolated populations on these biogeographical islands, surrounded by a Caatinga (seasonally dry tropical forest) matrix.

Los Brejos Nordestinos (bosques húmedos de tierras altas del noreste) son un ecosistema único dentro del Bosque Atlántico del Nordeste. Esta área abarca un mosaico de bosques húmedos por encima de los 600 metros en la región semiárida, formando una zona de ecotono. Estas condiciones ambientales crean un ecosistema óptimo para la diversificación de plantas, incluidos los helechos. El Pico do Jabre, en el estado de Paraíba, con una altitud de 1208 metros sobre el nivel del mar, es un ejemplo de Brejo Nordestino. Este estudio reporta la ocurrencia de Pleopeltis pleopeltidis en el Bosque Atlántico del Nordeste, particularmente en el Pico do Jabre, un nuevo registro de P. pleopeltifolia para el estado de Paraíba, y en la flora local de helechos. Se encontraron registros adicionales de P. pleopeltidis en los municipios de Triunfo y Floresta, en el estado de Pernambuco, que también están clasificados como Brejos Nordestinos con elevaciones superiores a los 1000 metros sobre el nivel del mar. Estos hallazgos amplían la extensión conocida de ocurrencia de la especie en aproximadamente un 40%. Se sugiere que el estado de conservación de P. pleopeltidis sea vulnerable (VU) en toda su área de distribución y en peligro (EN) en el noreste de Brasil. La distancia entre las poblaciones del Bosque Atlántico del Nordeste y las poblaciones más cercanas en el estado de Bahía varía entre 763 y 931 km, lo que indica una posible disyunción. Aunque la especie ocurre en tres Brejos Nordestinos relativamente cercanos, la naturaleza fragmentada del Bosque Atlántico del Nordeste da como resultado poblaciones aisladas en estas islas biogeográficas, rodeadas por una matriz de Caatinga (bosque tropical seco estacionalmente).

O artigo apresenta os principais resultados de uma pesquisa sobre linchamentos em três metrópoles brasileiras de três regiões distintas: Manaus, Grande São Luís e Grande Vitória. Por meio da análise de reportagens, obteve-se frequência de casos, proporção de mortes, motivações, instrumentos, perfil de vítimas, atuação policial e uma análise sobre a natureza do registro jornalístico. Em comparação com estudos semelhantes e anteriores, os resultados mostram diferenças no agenciamento de linchamentos e sustentam uma teoria que retoma, em nova chave, a relação entre essa prática, as violências de estado e o racismo. distintas Manaus Vitória reportagens obtevese obteve se casos mortes motivações instrumentos vítimas jornalístico anteriores retoma chave prática racismo

This article presents the main results of a research conducted on lynchings in three Brazilian metropolis from three distinct regions: Manaus, Greater São Luís, and Greater Vitória. By analyzing newspapers articles, we obtained the frequency of cases, the proportion of deaths, motivations, instruments used, the profile of the victims, police action, and an analysis of the nature of the journalistic record. Compared to similar previous studies, the results show the differences in lynching assemblage and support a theory that recovers, in a new perspective, the relationship between this practice, state violence, and racism. regions Manaus Luís Vitória articles cases deaths motivations used victims action record studies recovers perspective practice violence racism

Abstract Background: Encyclia, is a genus with more than 200 species in the Neotropics, eight of which have been previously reported from Peru. During the evaluation of the orchid flora in the forests of the Sicchez district, a small population of an Encyclia species was found that could not be unequivocally matched to any previously known species in the country. Questions: Will the recent explorations of Northern Peru result in the reporting of new taxa for the country? Studied species: Orchidaceae, Laeliinae, Encyclia Hook, Encyclia naranjapatensis Dodson Study site and dates: Sicchez District, Ayabaca Province, Piura Department, Peru, 2022-2023. Methods: Specimens were collected and determined by consulting botanical collections available online, taxonomic treatments, checklists, and specialized literature. The conservation status was assessed according to IUCN methodology. Results: We report a novelty for Peru, Encyclia naranjapatensis, and an updated description including morphological information on relevant structures that will be used to diagnose this entity. In addition, E. naranjapatensis is part of a basal clade referred to as the E. diurna species group. The conservation status assessment results in Endangered and the species is linked to the Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest, an endangered ecosystem throughout the Neotropics. Conclusions: The recent entity located in Peru correspond to Encyclia naranjapatensis. This discovery allows us to investigate the geographical limits, discuss the phylogenetic and ecological affinities, update the original description, and evaluate its conservation status.

Resumen Antecedentes: Encyclia, es un género con más de 200 especies en el Neotrópico, ocho de las cuales han sido reportadas previamente del Perú. Durante la evaluación de la flora de orquídeas en los bosques del distrito de Sicchez, se encontró una pequeña población de una especie de Encyclia que no pudo ser emparejada inequívocamente con ninguna especie conocida previamente en el país. Preguntas: ¿Las recientes exploraciones del norte de Perú resultarán en el descubrimiento de nuevos taxones para el país? Especies de estudio: Orchidaceae, Laeliinae, Encyclia Hook, Encyclia naranjapatensis Dodson. Sitio y años de estudio: Distrito de Sicchez, Provincia de Ayabaca, Departamento de Piura, Perú, 2022-2023. Métodos: Los especímenes se recolectaron y determinaron mediante la consulta de colecciones botánicas disponibles en línea, tratamientos taxonómicos, listas de control y bibliografía especializada. El estado de conservación se evaluó según la metodología de la UICN. Resultados: Reportamos una novedad para Perú, Encyclia naranjapatensis, y una descripción actualizada para incluyendo información morfológica sobre estructuras relevantes que serán utilizada para diagnosticar esta entidad. E. naranjapatensis forma parte de un clado basal denominado como Grupo de especies de E. diurna. La evaluación del estado de conservación resulta en En Peligro y la especie está ligada al Bosque Tropical Estacionalmente Seco, un ecosistema en peligro en el Neotrópico. Conclusiones: La reciente entidad localizada en Perú corresponde a Encyclia naranjapatensis. Este descubrimiento nos permite investigar los límites geográficos, discutir las afinidades filogenéticas y ecológicas, actualizar la descripción original y evaluar su estado de conservación.

Summary:Trichiliais one of the most diverse genera of the family Meliaceae, currently with five species for the argentine flora, includingTrichilia pallens, whichis reported for the first time. A morphological description of the species is presented as well as field pictures, its geographic distribution, habitat, phenology, vernacular names, uses, conservation status, diagnostic characters, and the first key for to the species ofTrichiliain Argentina. In addition, lectotypes are designated forTrichilia brachythyrsus,T. petiolulata,T. glabriramea,andT. puberulanthera, including nomenclatural notes.

Resumen:Trichiliaes uno de losgéneros más diversos de la familia Meliaceae, actualmente con cinco especies para la flora argentina, donde se incluye aTrichilia pallens,que es citada por primera vez. Se presenta una descripción morfológica de la especie, fotografías de campo, su distribución geográfica, hábitat, fenología, nombres vernáculos, usos, estado de conservación, caracteres diagnósticos y, por primera vez, una clave taxonómica de las especies deTrichiliapresentes en la Argentina. Además, se designan lectotipos paraTrichilia brachythyrsus,T. petiolulata,T. glabrirameayT. puberulanthera, incluyendo notas nomenclaturales.

Summary: The speciesSida cerradoensisKrapov. is reported for the first time for the Colombian flora, expanding its distribution to the northernmost limit known so far. This species can be recognized by the presence of: long, and retrorse-barbaded mericarp spines, purplish-red sepal lobes margin, irregularly dentate and purplish-red leafs margins, (9-)10-11 mericarps and verrucous stems. It is compared with other species of sect.Cordifoliaeocurring in the country. Additionally, the presence ofMelochia melissifoliaBenth. is clarified in the flora of Colombia, and the distribution in the country of the speciesMelochia siphonandra(Turcz.) Dorr is extended to the biogeographic regions of the Amazon, Orinoquia and Biogeographic Chocó. These records show the importance of resuming studies on this subfamily in the country and increase the level of exploration of certain botanical groups traditionally not included in floristic studies.

Resumen: Se reporta por primera vez la especieSida cerradoensisKrapov. para la flora de Colombia, ampliando su distribución al límite más norte conocido hasta el momento. Esta especie se reconoce por la presencia de: espinas del mericarpo largas y retrorso-barbadas, margen del cáliz de color rojo purpúreo, margen de las hojas irregularmente dentado y de color rojo purpúreo, (9-)10-11 mericarpos y tallos verrucosos. Se compara con otras especies de la secc.Cordifoliaepresentes en el país. Adicionalmente se esclarece la presencia deMelochia melissifoliaBenth. en la flora de Colombia y se amplía la distribución en el país de la especieMelochia siphonandra(Turcz.) Dorr a las regiones biogeográficas de la Amazonia, Orinoquia y Chocó Biogeográfico. Estos registros muestran la importancia de retomar los estudios sobre estas subfamilias en el país y aumentar el nivel de exploración de ciertos grupos botánicos tradicionalmente no incluidos en los estudios florísticos.

Abstract: Within the schools of the binational region of Tijuana-San Diego, a new and growing minority of students is identified, who are demanding their right to learn through equitable, inclusive, and quality education. Transnational students are minors who, regardless of their origin or nationality, have a proven track record in two or more federal education systems. The general objective of this research is to diagnose and compare, through the analysis of statistical data, the self-perception of this category of students attending secondary schools in Tijuana, Baja California, and San Diego, California, on some developments related to the experience of inclusion to a new educational system. Based on this, some recommendations are issued to move gradually towards a cross-border education policy that facilitates the transfer and incorporation of transnational children and adolescents.

Resumen: Al interior de las escuelas de la región binacional Tijuana-San Diego se identifica una nueva y creciente minoría de estudiantes que reclama su derecho de aprender por medio de una educación equitativa, inclusiva y de calidad. Son los estudiantes trasnacionales, aquellos menores de edad que, sin considerar su origen o nacionalidad, tienen una trayectoria escolar comprobada en dos o más sistemas educativos federales. El objetivo general de esta investigación consiste en diagnosticar y comparar, por medio del análisis de datos estadísticos, la autopercepción de esta categoría de alumnos que asisten a escuelas de enseñanza secundaria en Tijuana, Baja California y San Diego, California, sobre algunos acontecimientos relacionados con la experiencia de inclusión a un nuevo sistema educativo. Con base en ello, se emiten algunas recomendaciones para transitar gradualmente hacia una política de educación transfronteriza que facilite la transferencia y la incorporación de las niñas, niños y adolescentes trasnacionales.

ABSTRACT The ecology, distribution, and taxonomy of bopyrid isopod species are often omitted from studies not systematically addressed to crustaceans. From a wider study of zooplankton in coastal and reef waters of the Mexican Caribbean Sea, two bopyrid species were collected, Probopyrinella latreuticola, attached to the branchial chamber of Latreutes fucorum andProbopyrus pandalicola parasitizing the branchial chamber of Palaemon northropi. For both parasite-host associations, these records represent a new locality and the southernmost record in the Mexican Caribbean. A map and a list of the bopyrid species belonging to Bopyridae recorded in the Mexican Caribbean are provided.

Abstract The genus Isonychia groups mayflies with large nymphs present in lotic ecosystems. This genus has a very wide distribution, despite of this, in Mexico the records are very scarce and these do not refer to the environmental characteristics of the sites where they were found. The objective of this work is to report for the first time the genus Isonychia in Durango state, as well as to characterize some physicochemical parameters of water associated with its distribution. A total of 19 Isonychia nymphs, which probably correspond to the species I. sicca, were recorded in seven sites within the Nazas River basin. This extends the distribution range of the genus Isonychia for Mexico. The specimens were recorded in environments with moderate current speed and an acceptable water quality compared to other riparian systems, in terms of dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, pH, temperature and ammonium.

Resumen El género Isonychia agrupa efímeras con ninfas de gran tamaño presentes en ecosistemas lóticos. Este género tiene una distribución muy amplia, a pesar de ello, en México los registros son muy escasos y éstas no refieren las características ambientales de los sitios donde fueron encontradas. El objetivo de este trabajo es reportar por primera vez el género Isonychia en el estado de Durango, así como caracterizar algunos parámetros fisicoquímicos del agua asociados a su distribución. Se registraron 19 ninfas de Isonychia, que probablemente corresponden a la especie I. sicca, en siete sitios dentro de la cuenca del río Nazas. Esto amplía el rango de distribución del género Isonychia para México. Los ejemplares se registraron en ambientes con velocidad de corriente moderada y una calidad del agua aceptable en comparación con otros sistemas riparios, en términos de oxígeno disuelto, conductividad eléctrica, sólidos disueltos totales, pH, temperatura y amonio.