ABSTRACT Knowledge of the complicated correlation between meteorological variables and crop yield is crucial for food security and agricultural sustainability. This study aimed to investigate how incident solar radiation has affected crop production in the Gadarif region of Sudan over the last 41 years. Using a predictive framework, trends in annual incident solar radiation and temporal variations during sorghum and sesame growing seasons were examined and machine learning (ML) with Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Boosted Regression Forest (BRF), and K-Nearest Neighbors (K-NN) was used to predict crop yield. Significant relationships between incident solar radiation indicators and crop yields were identified via detrending approaches and correlation analyses. Results indicate a significant inverse correlation between solar radiation and sorghum yield, and a positive correlation between sesame yield and solar radiation. For both sorghum and sesame yield, K-NN was the most accurate model, demonstrating the significance of incident solar radiation and temperature in predicting crop yield. These findings highlight the potential of ML to improve agricultural forecasting models and inform adaptive agricultural practices in the region. In general, this study provides valuable insights into the dynamic relationship between incident solar radiation and crop yield, emphasizing the importance of considering meteorological factors in agricultural planning and management. sustainability 4 years framework (ML XGBoost, XGBoost , (XGBoost) BRF, BRF (BRF) KNearest K Nearest KNN NN (K-NN analyses model general management (XGBoost (BRF

RESUMO O conhecimento da complicada correlação entre as variáveis meteorológicas e o rendimento das culturas é crucial para a segurança alimentar e a sustentabilidade agrícola. Este estudo está centrado na investigação de como a radiação solar incidente afetou a produção agrícola na região de Gadarif, no Sudão, nos últimos quarenta anos. Usando uma estrutura preditiva, a pesquisa avalia tendências recentes na radiação solar incidente anual, examina variações temporais durante as estações de cultivo de sorgo e gergelim e utiliza técnicas de aprendizado de máquina para prever o rendimento das culturas. Além disso, ML, incluindo Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Boosted Regression Forest (BRF) e K-Nearest Neighbours (K-NN), foram empregados para previsão de rendimento. Através de abordagens de redução de tendências e análises de correlação, foram identificadas relações significativas entre os indicadores de radiação solar incidente e o rendimento das culturas. Os resultados indicam uma correlação inversa substancial entre a radiação solar e a produção de sorgo, enquanto a produção de gergelim demonstra uma correlação positiva com a radiação solar. Tanto para o rendimento do sorgo como do gergelim, o K-NN surge como o modelo mais preciso, mostrando a importância da radiação solar incidente e da temperatura na previsão do rendimento das culturas. Estas descobertas destacam o potencial da aprendizagem de máquina para melhorar os modelos de previsão agrícola e informar as práticas agrícolas adaptativas na região. Em geral, este estudo fornece informações valiosas sobre a relação dinâmica entre a radiação solar incidente e o rendimento das culturas, enfatizando a importância de considerar fatores meteorológicos no planeamento e gestão agrícola. Gadarif Sudão anos preditiva anual disso ML XGBoost, XGBoost , (XGBoost) BRF (BRF KNearest K Nearest KNN, KNN NN (K-NN) preciso geral (XGBoost (K-NN

Abstract: The approach to the urban development plan by Brazilian architect Lucio Costa for the Alagados neighborhood (1972) emphasizes the dimension of social housing in its urban planning, highlighting the incorporations carried out in response to the revisions of the modern movement. The study contextualizes revisionist approaches in urban plans, focusing on housing clusters in superblocks and their relationship with public facilities, bringing out the organicist paradigm, aiming for flexibility in urban planning. An approach is taken that includes a specific architectural historiography and design theory, reviewing Lucio Costa's proposal through the analysis of documents, plans, and works. Given the disagreement between social housing policy based on utopian ideals and real estate interests, Lucio Costa's superblock proposal presents its adaptable morphology, concluding that the implementation of Lucio Costa's proposal could possibly have provided substantial positive results to Alagados.

Resumen: El enfoque del plan de desarrollo urbano del arquitecto brasileño Lucio Costa para el vecindario de Alagados (1972) enfatiza la dimensión de la vivienda social en su planificación urbana, destacando las incorporaciones llevadas a cabo en respuesta a las revisiones del movimiento moderno. El estudio contextualiza los enfoques revisionistas en los planes urbanos, centrándose en los grupos de viviendas en los superbloques y su relación con las instalaciones públicas, lo que resalta el paradigma orgánico, con el objetivo de flexibilidad en la planificación urbana. Se adopta un enfoque que incluye una teoría de historiografía y diseño arquitectónica específica, revisando la propuesta de Lucio Costa a través del análisis de documentos, planes y trabajos. Dado el desacuerdo entre la política de vivienda social basada en ideales utópicos e intereses inmobiliarios, la propuesta de superbloque de Lucio Costa presenta su morfología adaptable, concluyendo que posiblemente la implementación de la propuesta de Lucio Costa podría haber proporcionado resultados positivos sustanciales a los Alagados.

Although widely acknowledged for their significance, contemporary Teacher Professional Development (TPD) initiatives have faced growing criticism due to their failure to effectively foster the seamless incorporation of technology into educators' pedagogical practices. Educators depend on their informal Communities of Practice (CoPs) rather than TPD programmes to acquire the knowledge they need to both competently and meaningfully integrate technology into their pedagogical practices. This study investigates the innovative approaches educators employ in three (n=3) Western Cape public primary schools to create a hybrid CoP in their school to improve their collective technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge (TPACK). The criticism of TPD efforts extends beyond primary and secondary school contexts. This challenge substantially impacts teacher education and highlights the increasing necessity for developing digital literacy among the professoriate in this discipline. The theoretical basis for this study was Wenger's (1998) CoP social learning theory and Mishra and Koehler's (2006) TPACK model. The study employed a qualitative research approach involving a cohort of 12 educators who engaged in open-ended survey questionnaires, one-on-one semi-structured interviews, and observational sessions. Additionally, the research incorporated one (n=1) school principal and two (n=2) deputy principals who actively contributed to all data collection modalities except for the survey questionnaires. Document analysis, specifically from WhatsApp group chat screenshots, was conducted across all three (n=3) schools as part of the research approach. While the data set used in this study originates from a study involving school educators, it aims to extend the findings to determine their significance for teacher education. The results revealed that the sampled educators had established an informal hybrid CoP at their respective schools through innovative approaches, such as joint enterprise, mutual engagement, and shared repertoire. These educators gained TPACK from one another throughout this process. Universities and provincial governments might profit from the findings, the knowledge gained from which could assist in their structuring of TPD programmes in ways which would foster their organic development in educators' particular employment contexts.

Abstract: Manufacturing companies face demand fluctuations and must deliver the required quantity of parts to their customers within the required time; however, companies face different challenges in fulfilling them. One is technological advances, which make it impossible for them to compete with other countries, such as China, due to financial issues. Therefore, manufacturing companies use continuous improvement methodologies to achieve better performance in their processes. Six Sigma and Lean Manufacturing are some of the best-known approaches. This article briefly presents the application of a lean sigma approach oriented to solving problems. This research proposes a methodology based on Lean Sigma that contrasts what different authors currently do: continuous improvement projects that take up to 12 months to produce results and do not solve a problem. This implementation is conducted in a process that manufactures metal parts and fails to deliver them on time to its customers. Using tools such as the Single Minute Exchange of Die (SMED) in a production line, on-time deliveries were increased from 89 % to 96 %; at the same time, the model change times were reduced by approximately 60 %, which is required for the implementation of this methodology for only four weeks, unlike the traditional six-sigma approach that can take up to 12 months to improve the process.

Resumen: Las empresas manufactureras presentan fluctuaciones en sus demandas y no entregan a sus clientes la cantidad de partes en el tiempo requerido. Son diferentes los retos que enfrentan estas empresas, uno de ellos son los avances tecnológicos que, por cuestiones financieras, no es posible competir con otros países, tales como China. Es por esto, que las empresas manufactureras hacen uso de metodologías de mejora continua para lograr un mayor desempeño en sus procesos. Algunos de los enfoques más conocidos son Seis Sigma y Manufactura Esbelta. En este artículo se presenta una aplicación de un enfoque Lean-Sigma, el cual se orienta a resolver problemas en un corto periodo de tiempo. El propósito de esta investigación es proponer una metodología basada en Lean-Sigma que permita contrastar lo que hacen diferentes autores en la actualidad, que básicamente son proyectos de mejora continua que tardan hasta doce meses en dar resultados y que no resuelven un problema. Esta implementación se lleva a cabo en un proceso que fabrica partes metálicas, el cual está incumpliendo con su cliente en las entregas a tiempo. Utilizando la herramienta de cambios rápidos de modelo (SMED) se lograron incrementar las entregas a tiempo de un 89 % a un 96 %. A su vez, los tiempos de cambio de modelo se reducen aproximadamente un 60 %, siendo requeridas para la implementación de esta metodología solo cuatro semanas, a diferencia del enfoque tradicional de seis sigma que puede tomar hasta doce meses para mejorar un proceso.

RESUMEN En este artículo se presentan los principales autores que desarrollan modelos de estimación de la incertidumbre, en procesos de planeación estratégica de las organizaciones y su incidencia en los objetivos institucionales. En este orden de ideas, se ha realizado una revisión de la literatura con fundamento en enfoques y modelos que han sido utilizados a través del tiempo para manejar la incertidumbre empresarial y se presentan algunos casos aplicados para diferentes factores internos de una organización; así mismo dentro de este artículo se contemplan factores externos como medioambientales en los cuales se han hecho uso de los siguientes modelos: modelo de decisión, modelo de factores locales vs fuerzas conductoras, simulación Monte Carlo y Modelo Delphi; y finalmente para los factores sociopolíticos se ha implementado el enfoque heurístico para explorar las incertidumbres en la planificación. Por otro lado, se realiza un análisis de los tipos de planificación que manejan las organizaciones con sus respectivos modelos de incertidumbre. La principal conclusión obtenida, radica en el hecho de que no existen modelos que integren elementos tanto endógenos como exógenos capaces de reducir la incertidumbre para efectos de una adecuada planeación estratégica en las organizaciones y proyectos de inversión a su cargo.

ABSTRACT This article presents the main authors who develop uncertainty estimation models in strategic planning processes of organizations and their impact on institutional objectives. In this order of ideas, a review of the literature has been carried out based on approaches and models that have been used over time to manage business uncertainty and some cases applied to different internal factors of an organization are presented; Likewise, within this article, external and environmental factors are considered in which the following models have been used: decision model, local factors vs driving forces model, Monte Carlo simulation and Delphi Model; and finally for sociopolitical factors, the heuristic approach has been implemented to explore uncertainties in planning. On the other hand, an analysis is carried out of the types of planning that organizations manage with their respective uncertainty models. The main conclusion obtained lies in the fact that there are no models that integrate both endogenous and exogenous elements capable of reducing uncertainty for the purposes of adequate strategic planning in the organizations and investment projects under their charge.

RESUMEN Introducción: La carga mental en el trabajo se define sobre la discrepancia entre la capacidad del individuo y las demandas de la tarea. Se han desarrollado y estudiado diferentes enfoques para la valoración del trabajo mental entre los que se encuentran los indicadores fisiológicos. Objetivos: Describir los indicadores fisiológicos más utilizados según la revisión bibliográfica del tema en los últimos cinco años a través de un modelo de ficha de indicador propuesto. Métodos: La investigación fue de tipo descriptiva y recopilatoria. Se utilizó la metodología de revisión sistemática, a través de buscadores especializados en literatura académica. Se empleó como herramienta el software VOSviewer para el análisis bibliométrico y apoyo del gestor bibliográfico EndNote y software. Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos a partir de la búsqueda bibliográfica muestra a la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca, el electroencefalograma, los potenciales evocados, los infrarrojos y la resonancia magnética como los indicadores fisiológicos más reconocidos. Se evidenció que, a pesar de la fiabilidad y exactitud en la valoración de la carga mental de trabajo que ofrecen, su uso es limitado por las condiciones experimentales que necesita su aplicación, lo invasivo de sus procedimientos para el ser humano y lo costoso de los equipos y el nivel de capacitación requerido. Conclusiones: La investigación evidenció la necesidad de la aplicación de más de una técnica de evaluación de la carga mental de trabajo para la obtención de información fiable y exacta. Además, que el modelo de ficha de indicador presentado facilita su comprensión.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Mental workload is defined on the discrepancy between the individual's capacity and the demands of the task. Different approaches have been developed and studied for the assessment of mental workload, including physiological indicators. Objectives: To describe the most used physiological indicators according to the bibliographic review of the subject in the last five years through a proposed indicator card model. Methods: The research was descriptive and compilatory. The systematic review methodology was used, through search engines specialized in academic literature. The VOSviewer software was used as a tool for bibliometric analysis, with the support of the EndNote bibliographic manager and software. Results: The results obtained from the bibliographic search show heart rate variability, electroencephalogram, evoked potentials, infrared and magnetic resonance imaging as the most recognized physiological indicators. It was evidenced that in spite of the reliability and accuracy in the assessment of mental workload that they offer, their use is limited by the experimental conditions needed for their application, the invasiveness of their procedures for human beings and the cost of the equipment and the level of training required. Conclusions: The research evidenced the need for the application of more than one mental workload assessment technique in order to obtain reliable and accurate information. Furthermore, the indicator card model presented facilitates the understanding of the indicators.

Abstract Currently, socially responsible practice and the monitoring of the degree to which it is carried out is a condition for the sustainability of restaurants as enterprises. The contextual validation of research instruments and their theoretical and cultural bases is a prerequisite for the successful development of socially responsible management approaches in restaurants. The aim of the study was to verify the validity and reliability, in the field of restaurant companies, of a scale for the evaluation of corporate social responsibility from the customers' perspective. The research was quantitative and developed under a cross-sectional approach. A survey validated by other authors was used to evaluate Corporate Social Responsibility. The sample consisted of 420 customers of restaurants in an area of high tourist attraction in Lima, Peru. Confirmatory Factor Analysis was used to process the results. The results showed an adequate goodness of fit of the model and acceptable indexes of convergent validity, discriminant validity and reliability. The analysis also revealed the need to continue perfecting the wording of the instrument's items to meet the requirements for the evaluation of corporate social responsibility in the context of the restaurant industry.

Resumo Hoje em dia, a prática socialmente responsável e o monitoramento do grau em que ela é realizada é uma condição para a sustentabilidade dos restaurantes como empresas. A validação contextual de instrumentos de pesquisa, suas bases teóricas e culturais, é um pré-requisito para o desenvolvimento bem-sucedido de abordagens de gestão socialmente responsável em restaurantes. O objetivo do estudo foi verificar a validade e a confiabilidade de uma escala para a avaliação da responsabilidade social corporativa da perspectiva dos clientes no campo das empresas de restaurantes. A pesquisa é de natureza quantitativa e foi realizada por meio de uma abordagem de corte transversal. Uma pesquisa validada por outros autores foi usada para avaliar a responsabilidade social corporativa. A amostra foi composta por 420 clientes de restaurantes em uma área de grande atração turística em Lima, Peru. A análise fatorial confirmatória foi usada para processar os resultados. Os resultados mostraram uma adequação adequada do modelo e índices aceitáveis de validade convergente, validade discriminante e confiabilidade. A análise também revelou a necessidade de um maior refinamento da redação dos itens do instrumento, de acordo com as exigências da avaliação da responsabilidade social corporativa no contexto dos restaurantes.

Resumen En la actualidad, la práctica socialmente responsable y el monitoreo del grado en que se lleva a cabo constituyen una condición de sostenibilidad de los restaurantes como empresas. La validación contextual de instrumentos de investigación, de sus bases teóricas y culturales, constituye un requisito indispensable para el éxito en el desarrollo de enfoques de gestión socialmente responsables en restaurantes. El estudio tuvo como objetivo verificar la validez y fiabilidad, en el ámbito de las empresas de restaurantes, de una escala para la evaluación de la responsabilidad social empresarial desde la perspectiva de los clientes. La investigación posee un carácter cuantitativo y se desarrolló bajo un enfoque transversal. Se empleó una encuesta validada por otros autores para evaluar la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial. La muestra estuvo integrada por 420 clientes de restaurantes en una zona de alta atracción turística en Lima, Perú. Para el procesamiento de los resultados, se empleó el Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio. Los resultados mostraron una adecuada bondad de ajuste del modelo e índices aceptables de validez convergente, validez discriminante y fiabilidad. El análisis también reveló la necesidad de continuar perfeccionando la redacción de los ítems del instrumento con ajuste a los requerimientos de evaluación de la responsabilidad social empresarial en el contexto de la restauración.

Resumen: Durante la construcción, los recursos no controlados impactan el desempeño del proyecto. La Gestión del Valor Ganado (GVG) es un método ampliamente utilizado para la gestión de proyectos basado en el control de tiempos y costos. Los avances en las Tecnologías de la Información (TI) brindan opciones para mejorar el método GVG. El GVG es un método a nivel de proyecto que excluye detallar el comportamiento de los parámetros del proyecto a nivel de operaciones de construcción, se manejan en términos económicos agregados a lo largo del tiempo. Por lo tanto, este trabajo estudia la mejora del GVG utilizando TI para expresar el manejo de variables operativas. Este artículo utiliza un proyecto de construcción de carreteras como caso de estudio, para evaluar tres enfoques (es decir, Red Bayesiana (RB), Red Neuronal Artificial (RNA) y EVM-RNA Híbrida) como opciones de mejora para el método GVG. Se encontró que la RNA proporciona la mejor mejora de los resultados del GVG. El uso de la RNA y los parámetros del proyecto mejora el manejo del GVG. Al tener una mayor efectividad en los pronósticos, se espera que mejore la calidad y disponibilidad de los datos para la toma de decisiones, una condición que a su vez puede mejorar la agilidad y adaptabilidad de los resultados del proyecto tal como está construido. El modelo EVM-ANN utiliza parámetros que influyen en la finalización de la implementación del proyecto, lo que facilita la evaluación del desempeño del tiempo del proyecto en función de diversas condiciones en el campo para que el proyecto pueda obtener la mejor estrategia para garantizar su finalización a tiempo.

Abstract: During construction, uncontrolled resources impact project performance. Earned Value Management (EVM) is a widespread method used for project management based on time and cost control. Advances in Information Technology (IT) provide options to improve the EVM method. The EVM is a project-level method that excludes detailing the behavior of project parameters at the level of construction operations, they are handled in aggregated economic terms over time. Thus, this work studies the improvement of EVM using IT to express the handling of operational variables. This article uses a road construction project as a case study, to evaluate three approaches (i.e., Bayesian Network (BN), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), and Hybrid EVM-ANN) as improvement options for the EVM method. It was found that the ANN provides the best improvement of EVM results. The use of ANN and project parameters improves the handling of EVM. By mayor forecast effectiveness, is expected to improve the quality and availability of data for decision making, a condition which in turn may improve agility and adaptability of the project as-built outcomes. The model EVM-ANN uses parameters that influence project implementation completion, making it easier to assess project time performance based on various conditions in the field so that the project can obtain the best strategy to ensure project completion on time.

Abstract: The primary objectives of this research study are to provide a detailed description of machine learning (ML) technology when applied to assessing innovation and to design a model that allows predicting an institution’s degree of innovation. Machine learning technology lacks assumptions or preconceptions and is capable of processing a large amount of data and variables. After data processing, the ML model is built using variables associated with educational context, training is performed, and a web is built to predict the degree of innovation of an educational institution. This model provides an innovation accuracy prediction of 66% and allows assessing the influence of the variables analyzed when predicting the use of active methodologies at a given institution. In conclusion, this approach can open new data analysis techniques supported by ML that complement traditional statistically based approaches.

Resumen: Los principales objetivos de esta investigación son proporcionar una descripción detallada de la tecnología de aprendizaje automático (ML, por sus siglas en inglés) aplicada a la medición de la innovación y diseñar un modelo que permita predecir el grado de innovación en una determinada institución. La tecnología ML carece de suposiciones o preconcepciones y es capaz de procesar una gran cantidad de datos y variables. Tras procesar los datos, se construye el modelo ML empleando variables asociadas al contexto educativo, se realiza el entrenamiento y se construye una web para predecir el grado de innovación de una institución educativa. El modelo proporciona una precisión del 66% en la predicción de la innovación y permite discutir la influencia de las variables analizadas a la hora de predecir el uso de metodologías activas en una institución. En conclusión, este enfoque puede abrir nuevas técnicas de análisis de datos apoyadas en ML que complementen los enfoques tradicionales basados en la estadística.

Abstract Introduction: In the last few decades, strategic leadership has been identified as a global goal; however, nursing education does not always provide the content required for administration and management to prepare nurses for future leadership challenges. Objective: To explore concepts, theories, and learning programs in administration, management, and leadership in undergraduate nursing education. Methods: The review was conducted in April 2022, following the JBI methodology and PRISMA-ScR guidelines in MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycInfo databases via EBSCO, and Scopus through Elsevier. Gray literature and unpublished studies were also included through the RCAAP, Canadian Science Publishing, and Google Scholar. Articles in English, French, Spanish, and Portuguese, published and unpublished from 2012 to 2022, were included. Results: Thirty-one articles met the eligibility criteria for the review. An insightful picture of the key concepts and pedagogical strategies for learning leadership skills was found, as well as one learning program in undergraduate nursing education. Conclusion: The need to introduce all the concepts found supported by adapted and logical theories at the undergraduate level was confirmed. The Clinical Nurse Leadership program seems appropriate and can be a model of implementation, but more investigation is needed to produce an evidence-based clinical nursing leadership curriculum.

Resumo Introdução: Nas últimas décadas, a liderança estratégica tem sido identificada como um objetivo global; no entanto, a formação em enfermagem nem sempre fornece o conteúdo necessário em administração e gestão para preparar os enfermeiros aos desafios futuros de liderança. Objetivo: Explorar conceitos, teorias e programas de aprendizagem em administração, gestão e liderança na licenciatura em enfermagem. Métodos: A revisão foi realizada em abril de 2022, seguindo a metodologia JBI e as diretrizes PRISMA-ScR nas bases de dados MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycInfo via EBSCO, e Scopus via Elsevier. Literatura cinzenta e estudos não publicados também foram incluídos através do RCAAP, Canadian Science Publishing e Google Scholar. Foram incluídos artigos em inglês, francês, espanhol e português, publicados e não publicados de 2012 a 2022. Resultados: Trinta e um artigos responderam aos critérios de elegibilidade da revisão. Foram identificados uma serie de conceitos-chave e estratégias pedagógicas para a aprendizagem de habilidades de liderança assim como um programa específico de aprendizagem na licenciatura de enfermagem. Conclusão: Foi confirmada a necessidade de introduzir todos os conceitos encontrados, apoiados por teorias adaptadas e lógicas ao nível de graduação. O programa de Liderança Clínica em Enfermagem parece apropriado e pode ser um modelo de implementação, mas é necessária mais investigação para desenvolver um currículo de liderança clínica com base em evidências.

Resumen Introducción: En las últimas décadas, el liderazgo estratégico ha sido identificado como un objetivo global; sin embargo, la formación en enfermería no siempre proporciona el contenido necesario en administración y gestión para preparar la enfermería para los desafíos futuros del liderazgo. Objetivo: Explorar conceptos, teorías y programas pedagógicos en administración, gestión y liderazgo en el grado de enfermería. Métodos: La revisión se llevó a cabo en abril de 2022, siguiendo la metodología JBI y las pautas PRISMA-ScR en las bases de datos MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycInfo a través de EBSCO, y Scopus a través de Elsevier. También se incluyó literatura gris y estudios no publicados a través de RCAAP, Canadian Science Publishing y Google Scholar. Se incluyeron artículos en inglés, francés, español y portugués, publicados y no publicados desde 2012 hasta 2022. Resultados: Treinta y un artículos cumplieron con los criterios de elegibilidad para la revisión. Fueron identificados un conjunto de conceptos clave y estrategias pedagógicas para el aprendizaje de habilidades de liderazgo, así como un programa de aprendizaje en la formación graduada de enfermería. Conclusión: Se confirmó la necesidad de introducir todos los conceptos encontrados respaldados por teorías adaptadas y lógicas a nivel universitario. El programa de Liderazgo Clínico en Enfermería parece apropiado y puede ser un modelo de implementación, pero se necesita más investigación para producir un plan de estudios de liderazgo clínico basado en la evidencia.

Organisational agility is crucial for organisations to thrive in dynamic business environments. While the Information Systems (IS) discipline recognises the need for IS to support organisational agility, current IS research has not sufficiently explained how organisations achieve agility given their sociotechnical contexts. Some scholars and practitioners propose scaling agility-building approaches from small software development teams to the enterprise level, and others argue that agility is not a predetermined outcome of linear processes, but instead emerges from intricate organisational contexts. Previous research proposed a conceptual model that identified the structural components of agility in IS. However, this structural perspective does not address the dynamic aspects of agility. To address this gap, two systematic literature reviews (SLR) were conducted to develop a conceptual framework for agility in sociotechnical contexts, which is the contribution this research makes to the IS field. The first SLR investigated frameworks that enable organisational agility. Consequently, the Cynefin framework was adopted to explain the dynamics of contextualised decision-making and agility. The second SLR identified the influence of heuristics on decision-making and dynamic capabilities. The resulting framework integrates the structural and dynamic aspects of agility in IS and explains how heuristics could potentially be managed to improve sociotechnical agility. Categories · CCS ~ Social and professional topics, Professional topics, Management of computing and information systems

Abstract Social Health Organizations (SHOs) are private entities that receive resources from governments for the management of public healthcare services. With the history of market interest in public health and the high volume of resources transferred to SHOs, one must question if the market logic continues to be inserted in this management model. The understanding of the dynamics of providing healthcare services to the population in the different contracts may help to understand how possible changes in the contracted services may have an influence. This is a descriptive-exploratory study using quantitative and qualitative approaches. Documental research was conducted through the collection of data from management contracts and amendments. The State of São Paulo was chosen because of its economic representativeness and for being the pioneer state in the implementation of SUS services managed by SHO. Medical specialties were included in 184 renegotiations (6.14%) and excluded in 187 (6.24%), whereas non-medical services were included in 26 renegotiations (2.97%) and excluded in 144 (16.44%). Regarding examinations, 101 renegotiations (18.07%) had their goals increased and 60 (10.73%) reduced, while 6 renegotiations (1.07%) included exams and 12 (2.14%) excluded them. SHOs (SHOs model influence descriptiveexploratory descriptive exploratory approaches amendments SHO 18 6.14% 614 14 (6.14% 6.24%, 624 6.24% , 24 (6.24%) nonmedical non medical 2 2.97% 297 97 (2.97% 16.44%. 1644 16.44% . 16 44 (16.44%) examinations 10 18.07% 1807 07 (18.07% 10.73% 1073 73 (10.73% reduced 1.07% 107 1 (1.07% 2.14% 214 (2.14% them 6.14 61 (6.14 62 6.24 (6.24% 2.97 29 9 (2.97 164 16.44 4 (16.44% 18.07 180 0 (18.07 10.73 7 (10.73 1.07 (1.07 2.14 21 (2.14 6.1 (6.1 6.2 (6.24 2.9 (2.9 16.4 (16.44 18.0 (18.0 10.7 (10.7 1.0 (1.0 2.1 (2.1 6. (6. (6.2 2. (2. 16. (16.4 18. (18. 10. (10. 1. (1. (6 (2 (16. (18 (10 (1 ( (16

Resumo As organizações sociais de saúde (OSS) são entidades privadas que recebem repasses de governos para gestão de serviços públicos de saúde. Com o histórico de interesses mercadológicos na saúde pública e o aporte de vultosos recursos às OSS, questiona-se se a lógica de mercado permanece inserida nesse modelo de gestão. Conhecer a dinâmica da oferta de serviços à população ao longo das contratações pode ajudar a compreender como se comportam as possíveis alterações nos serviços contratados. Trata-se de estudo descritivo-exploratório com abordagens quanti e qualitativa. Realizou-se pesquisa documental com coleta de dados dos contratos de gestão e termos aditivos. A escolha pelo estado de São Paulo se deu por este ter sido pioneiro na implantação da gestão de serviços do SUS por OSS e pela sua representatividade econômica. Especialidades médicas foram incluídas em 184 repactuações (6,14%) e excluídas em 187 (6,24%), enquanto as não médicas foram incluídas em 26 repactuações (2,97%) e excluídas em 144 (16,44%). Quanto aos exames, 101 repactuações (18,07%) aumentaram metas e 60 (10,73%) reduziram, enquanto 6 repactuações (1,07%) incluíram exames e 12 (2,14%) excluíram. (OSS questionase questiona contratados Tratase Trata descritivoexploratório descritivo exploratório qualitativa Realizouse Realizou aditivos econômica 18 6,14% 614 14 (6,14% 6,24%, 624 6,24% , 24 (6,24%) 2 2,97% 297 97 (2,97% 16,44%. 1644 16,44% . 16 44 (16,44%) 10 18,07% 1807 07 (18,07% 10,73% 1073 73 (10,73% reduziram 1,07% 107 1 (1,07% 2,14% 214 (2,14% excluíram 6,14 61 (6,14 62 6,24 (6,24% 2,97 29 9 (2,97 164 16,44 4 (16,44% 18,07 180 0 (18,07 10,73 7 (10,73 1,07 (1,07 2,14 21 (2,14 6,1 (6,1 6,2 (6,24 2,9 (2,9 16,4 (16,44 18,0 (18,0 10,7 (10,7 1,0 (1,0 2,1 (2,1 6, (6, (6,2 2, (2, 16, (16,4 18, (18, 10, (10, 1, (1, (6 (2 (16, (18 (10 (1 ( (16

Resumo As organizações sociais de saúde (OSS) são entidades privadas que recebem repasses de governos para gestão de serviços públicos de saúde. Com o histórico de interesses mercadológicos na saúde pública e o aporte de vultosos recursos às OSS, questiona-se se a lógica de mercado permanece inserida nesse modelo de gestão. Conhecer a dinâmica da oferta de serviços à população ao longo das contratações pode ajudar a compreender como se comportam as possíveis alterações nos serviços contratados. Trata-se de estudo descritivo-exploratório com abordagens quanti e qualitativa. Realizou-se pesquisa documental com coleta de dados dos contratos de gestão e termos aditivos. A escolha pelo estado de São Paulo se deu por este ter sido pioneiro na implantação da gestão de serviços do SUS por OSS e pela sua representatividade econômica. Especialidades médicas foram incluídas em 184 repactuações (6,14%) e excluídas em 187 (6,24%), enquanto as não médicas foram incluídas em 26 repactuações (2,97%) e excluídas em 144 (16,44%). Quanto aos exames, 101 repactuações (18,07%) aumentaram metas e 60 (10,73%) reduziram, enquanto 6 repactuações (1,07%) incluíram exames e 12 (2,14%) excluíram.

Abstract Social Health Organizations (SHOs) are private entities that receive resources from governments for the management of public healthcare services. With the history of market interest in public health and the high volume of resources transferred to SHOs, one must question if the market logic continues to be inserted in this management model. The understanding of the dynamics of providing healthcare services to the population in the different contracts may help to understand how possible changes in the contracted services may have an influence. This is a descriptive-exploratory study using quantitative and qualitative approaches. Documental research was conducted through the collection of data from management contracts and amendments. The State of São Paulo was chosen because of its economic representativeness and for being the pioneer state in the implementation of SUS services managed by SHO. Medical specialties were included in 184 renegotiations (6.14%) and excluded in 187 (6.24%), whereas non-medical services were included in 26 renegotiations (2.97%) and excluded in 144 (16.44%). Regarding examinations, 101 renegotiations (18.07%) had their goals increased and 60 (10.73%) reduced, while 6 renegotiations (1.07%) included exams and 12 (2.14%) excluded them.

RESUMEN Introducción: la incidencia del síndrome de bajo gasto cardíaco postoperatorio es variable en las distintas series publicadas, desde un 4% hasta un 15%, con una mortalidad que se aproxima al 20%. Si bien en enfermos mayores de 70 años el síndrome puede estar presente hasta en un 63%, a pesar del desarrollo de mejores técnicas de cardioprotección y cuidados postoperatorios, la incidencia de este síndrome en poblaciones de alto riesgo no se ha modificado en una proporción significativa. Objetivo: construir un modelo predictivo de síndrome de bajo gasto cardíaco postoperatorio a través de factores de riesgo. Métodos: se realizó un estudio analítico de casos y controles en pacientes con síndrome de bajo gasto cardíaco postoperatorio atendidos en el Centro de Cardiología y Cirugía Cardiovascular del Hospital Provincial Docente “Saturnino Lora” de Santiago de Cuba, en un período de tres años; se empleó la regresión logística con ajustes para obtener el modelo. Resultados: los factores de riesgo predictores de mayor valor son: edad >65 años, la función sistólica del ventrículo derecho disminuida, el tiempo de pinzamiento aórtico y el sangrado postoperatorio, que fueron los que arrojó el modelo de regresión logística. Se realizó su validación interna por división de datos. Conclusiones: el modelo predictivo elaborado a partir de la regresión logística quedó compuesto por los predictores: edad >65 años, función sistólica del ventrículo derecho disminuida, el tiempo de pinzamiento aórtico >90 minutos y el sangrado postoperatorio prolongado; presentó buen ajuste y poder discriminante, sobre todo valor predictivo positivo.

ABSTRACT Introduction: the incidence of postoperative low cardiac output syndrome is variable in the different published series, from 4% to 15%, with a mortality that approaches 20%. Although in patients over 70 years of age the syndrome may be present in up to 63%, despite the development of better cardioprotection techniques and postoperative care, the incidence of this syndrome in high-risk populations has not changed in a significant proportion. Objective: build a predictive model of postoperative low cardiac output syndrome through risk factors. Methods: an analytical study of cases and controls was carried out in patients with postoperative low cardiac output syndrome treated at the Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery Center of the “Saturnino Lora” Provincial Teaching Hospital of Santiago de Cuba, in a period of three years; Logistic regression with adjustments was used to obtain the model. Results: the most valuable predictive risk factors are: age >65 years, decreased right ventricular systolic function, aortic cross-clamping time and postoperative bleeding, which were those shown by the logistic regression model. Its internal validation was carried out by data division. Conclusions: the predictive model developed from logistic regression was composed of the predictors: age >65 years, decreased right ventricular systolic function, aortic clamping time >90 minutes and prolonged postoperative bleeding; It presented good fit and discriminating power, especially positive predictive value.

Abstract (Introduction): Sustainable timber cultivation is losing ground to agricultural production and other land uses; To counteract this, it is necessary to understand how the farmer makes decisions. Therefore, management schemes must be designed that adjust to the way in which small farmers manage productive systems on a voluntary basis. (Objective): Identify the factors that influence the decision-making process of small farmers that must be considered for the promotion of timber cultivation. (Methodology): Surveys with open questions and single selection were applied to 100% of the farmers (N = 77) of two INDER settlements. Due to the complexity of the interactions between factors, the analysis was simplified into four approaches. The data trend was plotted from a local regression model (LOESS), in which the regression curve is generated and smoothed with the use of the geom_smooth function of the R statistical language. (Results): A total of 162 interactions between Indirect and Direct factors. They were classified into three groups according to the number of times the farmer changed the production system in short periods (5 years). Group A has a greater representation in the population with 67.5 %, followed by Group B with 24.7 % and Group C with 7.8 %. 67.5 % of the farmers did not agree to include the cultivation of wood. (Conclusions): It was possible to demonstrate the existence of decision factors that influence the way in which the farmers adopt the agricultural systems contrary to the cultivation of wood. Safe selling (VS) is one of them; therefore, until current forest management schemes are adjusted, the possibility of spontaneous adoption is minimal and will continue to require financial aid.

Resumen (Introducción): El cultivo de madera sostenible pierde terreno ante la producción agrícola y otros usos de la tierra; para contrarrestar esto, es necesario entender de qué manera el ente productor toma decisiones en la adopción voluntaria de sistemas agrícolas. Por consiguiente, deben diseñarse esquemas de manejo ajustados a cómo los pequeños productores gestionan los sistemas productivos de una forma voluntaria. (Objetivo): Identificar los factores que influyen en el proceso de toma de decisiones de los pequeños grupos productores que deben ser considerados para la promoción del cultivo de madera. (Metodología): Se aplicaron encuestas con preguntas abiertas y selección única al 100 % de los entes productores (N = 77) de dos asentamientos del INDER. Por la complejidad de las interacciones entre factores, se simplificó el análisis a cuatro enfoques. La tendencia de los datos se graficó a partir de un modelo de regresión local (LOESS), en el cual la curva de regresión se generó y suavizó con el uso de la función geom_smooth del lenguaje estadístico R. (Resultados): Se identificó un total de 162 interacciones entre factores indirectos y directos, estas mismas se clasificaron en tres grupos según las veces que el sujeto productor cambió de sistema de producción en periodos cortos (cinco años). Así, el Grupo A tuvo una mayor representación en la población con un 67.5 %, le siguieron el Grupo B con un 24.7 % y el Grupo C con un 7.8 %. El 67.5 % no se encontraba de acuerdo en incluir el cultivo de madera. (Conclusiones): Se demostró la existencia de factores de decisión que influyen en cómo el sujeto productor adopta los sistemas agrícolas contrarios al cultivo de madera. La venta segura (VS) es uno de ellos; por lo tanto, hasta que no se ajusten los esquemas de manejo forestal actuales, la posibilidad de una adopción espontánea es mínima y seguirá necesitando de ayudas financieras.