Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo descrever e analisar o processo de preservação e de refuncionalização do patrimônio industrial do Vale do Ruhr a partir de uma pesquisa de campo realizada na região entre outubro de 2023 e julho de 2024. Para tal finalidade, iniciaremos contextualizando o processo de industrialização e de desindustrialização ocorridos nos últimos 150 anos, no Vale do Ruhr, demonstrando suas conexões com a urbanização da área, bem como com a construção de uma identidade coletiva local fundamentada na memória do passado mineiro e industrial. Em seguida, demonstraremos como ocorreu o processo político e econômico que levou à formação da Rota do Patrimônio Industrial do Ruhr, um conjunto de espaços industriais de interesse histórico agora protegidos e reconvertidos a novas finalidades. 202 2024 finalidade 15 anos área seguida finalidades 20 1 2

Abstract This article aims to describe and analyze the process of preservation and repurposing of industrial heritage in the Ruhr Valley based on field research conducted in the region between October 2023 and July 2024. To achieve this, we will begin by contextualizing the industrialization and deindustrialization process that has been occurring over the last century and a half in the Ruhr Valley. We will demonstrate its connections with the urbanization of the area and the construction of a local collective identity grounded on the memory of the mining and industrial past. Then, we will explore the political and economic processes that led to the formation of the Ruhr Industrial Heritage Route, a collection of industrial sites of historical interest now protected and repurposed. 202 2024 this past Then Route repurposed 20 2

RESUMO: Este estudo adota uma perspectiva mais macroscópica para focar na questão da pobreza rural na China. Ao selecionar indicadores que refletem vários níveis de recorrência da pobreza, considerando factores de risco em múltiplas dimensões e empregando métodos avançados, construímos um novo indice de risco de recorrência da pobreza rural na China. Utilizamos um modelo de mudança de Markov para aprofundar os mecanismos de recorrência da pobreza. Com base nisso, desenvolvemos um sistema avançado de alerta precoce de risco de recorrência de pobreza usando um modelo de memória de longo e curto prazo de rede neural convolucional (CNN-LSTM). O sistema é optimizado através de previsões baseadas em mecanismos para melhor captar as mudanças dinâmicas na recorrência da pobreza. Os resultados empíricos demonstram que o sistema integrado de monitorização dinâmica e de alerta precoce tem resultados significativamente eficazes na abordagem da recorrência da pobreza rural. RESUMO China avançados nisso CNNLSTM. CNNLSTM CNN LSTM . (CNN-LSTM) (CNN-LSTM

ABSTRACT: This study adopted a more macroscopic perspective to focus on the issue of rural poverty in China. By selecting indicators reflecting various levels of poverty recurrence, considering risk factors across multiple dimensions, and employing advanced methods, we constructed a novel China Rural Poverty Recurrence Risk Index. We utilized a Markov switching model to delve into the mechanisms of poverty recurrence. Building upon this foundation, we developed an advanced poverty recurrence risk early warning system using a convolutional neural network-long short-term memory (CNN-LSTM) model. The system is optimized through mechanism-based predictions to better capture the dynamic changes in poverty recurrence. Empirical results demonstrated that the integrated dynamic monitoring and early warning system have significantly effective outcomes in addressing the recurrence of rural poverty. ABSTRACT dimensions methods Index foundation networklong network long shortterm short term CNNLSTM CNN LSTM (CNN-LSTM mechanismbased mechanism based

ABSTRACT Purpose: Although Brazil has a high prevalence of retinoblastoma, there is a lack of epidemiological data on the disease. Thus, in this study, we aimed to evaluate the epidemiological profile of patients diagnosed with retinoblastoma in the ophthalmology department of a pediatric tertiary referral hospital in Ceara, Brazil. Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted by retrospectively analyzing the clinical and socioeconomic data from the medical records of pediatric patients followed-up at the hospital between 2007 and 2021. Retinoblastoma was diagnosed on the basis of a fundoscopic or histopathologic examination. Results: The data of 105 patients were included in the study, and the mean patient age at the time of diagnosis was 1.7 years. Most of the patients were women (50.5%) and hailed from rural areas (57.4%), which was associated with a higher tumor stage. Of the 150 patients, 57.1% initially presented with leukocoria. Ocular hyperemia was associated with more advanced stages of retinoblastoma (p=0.004). Bilateral involvement was observed in 25.7% of the patients and at a significantly younger age (p=0.009). The presence of retinal detachment, vascularized lesions, and vitreous seeds significantly increased the likelihood of requiring enucleation. Discussion: This study presents an epidemiological description of retinoblastoma in Brazil, which highlights the significance of early detection. Delayed diagnosis is associated with a poorer visual prognosis and higher mortality rate, particularly in patients with unilateral disease. Risk factors for a more severe disease were retinal detachment, vascularized lesions, and vitreous seeds. The correlation between histopathological features and clinical outcomes was limited. Conclusion: Further studies are required to assess the influence of ocular hyperemia, fundoscopic assessment, and histopathologic findings on the prognosis of retinoblastoma. Moreover, it is critical to devise interventions to reduce the time-to-diagnosis in rural areas. Purpose Thus Ceara Methods crosssectional cross sectional followedup followed up 200 2021 examination Results 10 17 1 7 1. years 50.5% 505 50 5 (50.5% 57.4%, 574 57.4% , 57 4 (57.4%) stage 15 571 57.1 leukocoria p=0.004. p0004 p p=0.004 . 0 004 (p=0.004) 257 25 25.7 p=0.009. p0009 p=0.009 009 (p=0.009) detachment lesions enucleation Discussion detection rate limited Conclusion assessment Moreover timetodiagnosis 20 202 50.5 (50.5 57.4 (57.4% 57. p000 p=0.00 00 (p=0.004 2 25. (p=0.009 50. (50. (57.4 p00 p=0.0 (p=0.00 (50 (57. p0 p=0. (p=0.0 (5 (57 p=0 (p=0. ( p= (p=0 (p= (p

Resumo Este artigo trata da repressão política exercida no Conselho Nacional de Pesquisas Científicas e Técnicas (CONICET) durante a última ditadura militar na Argentina e da primeira experiência de reparação dos arquivos de pessoal assassinado e/ou desaparecido que o CONICET iniciou recentemente. Além da revisão bibliográfica e documental, realizamos entrevistas com informantes-chave e construímos uma matriz com dados primários sobre as vítimas da repressão na organização com base em uma revisão detalhada de mais de 8.000 resoluções institucionais entre 1973 e 1983. A matriz chegou a um total de 2.843 casos, 78% dos quais corresponderam a expulsões forçadas (demissões em massa e pedidos de licença) e 21% a exonerações pela organização (exonerações, demissões e outras medidas). Os resultados obtidos nos permitem medir o impacto da ditadura na principal organização científica da Argentina, algo que não havia sido estudado anteriormente. (CONICET eou ou recentemente documental informanteschave informantes chave 8000 8 000 8.00 197 1983 2843 2 843 2.84 casos 78 licença 21 exonerações, (exonerações medidas. medidas . medidas) anteriormente 800 00 8.0 19 198 284 84 2.8 7 80 0 8. 1 28 2.

Résumé Cet article traite de la répression politique exercée au Conseil national de la recherche scientifique et technique (CONICET) lors de la dernière dictature militaire en Argentine et de la première expérience de réparation des archives du personnel assassiné et/ou disparu que le CONICET a récemment entamée. En plus de la révision bibliographique et documentaire, nous avons mené des entretiens avec des informateurs clés et construit une matrice avec des données primaires sur les victimes de la répression dans l’organisation sur la base d’une révision détaillée de plus de 8000 résolutions institutionnelles entre 1973 et 1983. La matrice a atteint un total de 2.843 cas, dont 78% ont été des expulsions forcées (licenciements massifs et demandes de congé) et 21% d’exemptions par l’organisation (révocation, licenciements et autres mesures). Les résultats obtenus nous permettent de mesurer l’impact de la dictature sur la principale organisation scientifique en Argentine, ce qui n’avait pas été étudié auparavant. (CONICET etou ou entamée documentaire lorganisation l dune d 800 197 1983 2843 2 843 2.84 cas 78 congé 21 dexemptions exemptions révocation, révocation (révocation mesures. mesures . mesures) limpact impact navait n avait auparavant 80 19 198 284 84 2.8 7 8 1 28 2.

Abstract This paper deals with the political repression carried out at the National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET) during the last military dictatorship in Argentina and the first experience to repair the files of murdered and/or disappeared people that CONICET began recently. In addition to the bibliographic and documental review, we interviewed key informants and built a matrix with primary data on the repression victims in the organization based on a detailed review of over 8,000 institutional resolutions between 1973 and 1983. The matrix arrived at a total of 2,843 cases, 78% of which corresponded to forced evictions (mass layoffs and license requests) and 21% to dismissals by the organization (dismissals, layoffs and other measures). The results obtained allow us to measure the impact of the dictatorship on Argentina’s main scientific organization, which had not been studied before. (CONICET andor or recently 8000 8 000 8,00 197 1983 2843 2 843 2,84 cases 78 mass requests 21 dismissals, (dismissals measures. measures . measures) Argentinas s before 800 00 8,0 19 198 284 84 2,8 7 80 0 8, 1 28 2,

Resumen Este trabajo aborda la represión política ejercida en el Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) durante la última Dictadura militar argentina y la primera experiencia de reparación de legajos del personal asesinado y/o desaparecido que el CONICET inició recientemente. Además de la revisión bibliográfica y documental; realizamos entrevistas a informantes claves y construimos una matriz con datos primarios sobre las víctimas de la represión en el organismo a partir de la revisión pormenorizada de más de 8000 resoluciones institucionales entre 1973 y 1983. La matriz alcanzó un total de 2843 casos, de los cuales el 78% corresponde a expulsiones forzadas (renuncias masivas y pedidos de licencias) y el 21% a exoneraciones por parte del organismo (bajas, cesantías y otras medidas). Los resultados obtenidos permiten dimensionar el impacto de la dictadura en el principal organismo científico argentino, algo que no había sido estudiado previamente. (CONICET yo o recientemente documental 800 197 1983 284 casos 78 renuncias licencias 21 bajas, bajas (bajas medidas. medidas . medidas) argentino previamente 80 19 198 28 7 2 8 1

ABSTRACT Introduction/framework/objectives: Training in Occupational Health and Security, even though employers must provide 40 hours per year to each worker, is not valued or fulfilled, in most cases, even using the most classic techniques. In recent years, Virtual Reality has evolved a lot and has developed content that can be used in this context. This review attempted to gather data on the most recent publications on the topic, even though the bibliography is reasonably scarce. Methodology: This is a Bibliographic Review, initiated through a search carried out in April 2023 in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina and RCAAP”. Content: Some authors distinguish Virtual from Augmented Reality, the latter consist in adding details in the moment; it is already used in Civil Construction, Health, as well as Emergency/Help/Firefighters. In the first, it will be possible to enter a non-real context, with the illusion of seeing, hearing and/or feeling in different ways, in three dimensions. Both can be used in a work context, although in terms of Occupational Health and Safety this is still little explored. Some researchers consider that the classic (and, in a certain way, passive) methodology of carrying out education and promotion in the context of Occupational Health and Safety is increasingly less appropriate. Virtual Reality technology can make the experience more appealing, didactic and interactive, even in complex and dangerous sectors, such as construction and various industrial sectors, and without participants taking real risks. Attention, memory and concentration are enhanced; as well as motivation, satisfaction and confidence, and generally more quickly. In practice, employees start to perform tasks faster, with fewer errors and with less learning time. Discussion and Conclusions: There seems to be no doubt that most individuals consider it more interesting to learn through techniques included in Virtual and/or Augmented Reality, versus classical methodologies, so it is assumed that this will be the evolution that will occur, especially when this technology becomes more accessible and economical; at least as long as there are jobs for a reasonable part of the population, if the most catastrophic predictions associated with Artificial Intelligence do not became real. It would be interesting to quantify how many companies in the country already use Virtual Reality, as well as with what specific objectives and results, publishing such summaries in specialized magazine.

RESUMO Introdução/enquadramento/objetivos: A formação no setor da Saúde e Segurança Ocupacionais, ainda que os empregadores tenham de proporcionar 40 horas anuais a cada trabalhador, não é valorizada, nem cumprida, na maioria dos casos, mesmo utilizando as técnicas mais clássicas. Nos últimos anos a Realidade Virtual tem evoluído bastante e tem desenvolvido conteúdos que poderão ser utilizados neste contexto. Tentou-se com esta revisão reunir dados do que mais recente se publicou sobre o tema, ainda que a bibliografia seja razoavelmente escassa. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma Revisão Bibliográfica, iniciada através de uma pesquisa realizada em abril de 2023 nas bases de dados “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina e RCAAP”. Conteúdo: Alguns autores distinguem Realidade Virtual de Aumentada, na medida em que esta última parte do que realmente está ao alcance visual e acrescenta informação adicional, no momento; já é utilizada a nível de Construção Civil, Saúde, bem como Emergência/Socorro/atividades no setor dos Bombeiros. Na primeira será possível entrar num contexto não real, com a ilusão de estar a ver, ouvir e/ou sentir de formas diversas, a três dimensões. Ambas podem ser utilizadas em contexto laboral, ainda que a nível de Saúde e Segurança Ocupacionais tal ainda esteja pouco explorado. Alguns investigadores consideram que a metodologia clássica (e, de certa forma, passiva) de realizar educação e promoção, em contexto de Saúde e Segurança Ocupacionais está cada vez menos adequada. A Realidade Virtual consegue tornar a experiência mais apelativa, didática e interativa, mesmo em setores complexos e perigosos, como a construção civil e indústria, e sem que os participantes corram riscos reais. Potencia-se a atenção, memória e concentração; bem como motivação, satisfação e confiança, e geralmente de forma mais célere. Na prática os funcionários passam a executar as tarefas de forma mais rápida, com menos erros e com menos tempo de aprendizagem. Discussão e Conclusões: Não parecem existir dúvidas que a generalidade dos indivíduos considera mais interessante realizar aprendizagem através de técnicas inseridas na Realidade Virtual e/ou Aumentada, versus as metodologias clássicas, pelo que se supõe que será essa a evolução a ocorrer, sobretudo quando esta tecnologia se tornar mais acessível e económica; pelo menos enquanto existirem postos de trabalho para parte razoável da população, caso as previsões mais catastróficas associadas à Inteligência Artificial não se concretizem. Seria interessante quantificar quantas empresas no país já utilizam a Realidade Virtual, com que objetivos e resultados específicos, publicando tais sínteses em revista especializada.

Resumo Enquadramento: Os profissionais de enfermagem são grupos de risco para a COVID-19, por estarem na linha de frente na prestação de cuidados à saúde. Objetivo: Identificar a prevalência de COVID-19 e de sintomas pós-infeção entre os profissionais de enfermagem na atenção primária à saúde e os fatores associados. Metodologia: Estudo transversal, realizado com profissionais de enfermagem na atenção primária à saúde de uma região do Rio Grande do Sul. A colheita de dados ocorreu em 2022 por meio de formulário eletrónico. Resultados: Dentre os profissionais testados para COVID-19 (83,8%), 43,8% positivaram numa ocasião e 16,4% tiveram reinfeção; 39,6% manifestaram sintomas pós-infeção, destacando-se perda de memória ou dificuldade de concentração, seguido de dores no corpo, perda de olfato e/ou paladar e outros. A prevalência de covid-19 e sintomas pós-covid-19 foi maior entre os profissionais de enfermagem com uso de medicação contínua e diagnóstico médico de patologia crónica. Conclusão: Sugerem-se estratégias de acompanhamento da saúde dos profissionais de enfermagem. Os resultados contribuem para o enfrentamento de futuras crises sanitárias.

Abstract Background: Nursing professionals are a risk group for COVID-19 because they are in the front line of health care delivery. Objective: To determine the prevalence of COVID-19 infections and post-COVID-19 symptoms among nursing professionals in the primary health care sector and identify the factors associated. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among nursing professionals in the primary health care sector in a region of the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul. Data were collected in 2022 using an online questionnaire. Results: Among the professionals tested for COVID-19 (83.8%), 43.8% tested positive once, 16.4% were re-infected, and 39.6% experienced post-COVID-19 symptoms, mainly memory loss or difficulty concentrating, followed by body aches and loss of smell and taste, among others. The prevalence of COVID-19 infections and post-COVID-19 symptoms was higher among health professionals taking regular medication for a medically diagnosed chronic condition. Conclusion: Strategies for monitoring the health of nursing professionals are suggested, as the results will help manage future health crises.

Resumen Marco contextual: Los profesionales de enfermería son un grupo de riesgo frente al COVID-19, ya que se encuentran en primera línea de prestación de asistencia sanitaria. Objetivo: Identificar la prevalencia de COVID-19 y los síntomas posinfección entre los profesionales de enfermería de atención primaria y los factores asociados. Metodología: Estudio transversal realizado con profesionales de enfermería de atención primaria en una región de Río Grande del Sur. Los datos se recogieron en 2022 mediante un formulario electrónico. Resultados: Entre los profesionales sometidos a la prueba de COVID-19 (83,8%), el 43,8% dio positivo en una ocasión y el 16,4% tuvo reinfección; el 39,6% manifestó síntomas posinfección, sobre todo pérdida de memoria o dificultad para concentrarse, seguidos de dolores corporales, pérdida de olfato o gusto, y otros. La prevalencia de los síntomas de COVID-19 y pos-COVID-19 fue mayor entre los profesionales de enfermería que utilizaban medicación continua y tenían un diagnóstico médico de patología crónica. Conclusión: Se sugieren estrategias para vigilar la salud de los profesionales de enfermería. Los resultados contribuyen a hacer frente a futuras crisis sanitarias.

Abstract This essay reflects on the Catholic narratives produced about the religious history of Baja California during the 19th and 20th centuries. In order to analyze a historiographical corpus of stories, histories, biographies, and memories, I try to analyze four areas: The theoretical distinction between modern historiography as historical past, and ecclesiastical history and memory as practical pasts and memory threads; the coexistence of both forms of writing throughout the 20th century in this case study; the analysis and historicization of the narrative of a “second spiritual conquest” of Baja California; and the problem represented by the existence of fictitious stories that some religious actors have presented as true.

Resumen Este ensayo reflexiona sobre las narrativas católicas producidas sobre la historia religiosa de la península de Baja California durante los siglos XIX y XX. Para analizar un corpus historiográfico de relatos, historias, biografías y memorias, intento moverme en cuatro ejes de análisis: la distinción teórica entre la historiografía moderna como pasado histórico, y la historia y la memoria eclesiástica en tanto pasados prácticos e hilos de memoria; la coexistencia de ambas formas de escritura a lo largo del siglo XX en el caso aquí estudiado; el análisis y la historización de la narrativa de una “segunda conquista espiritual” de Baja California; y el problema que representan para la investigación los relatos ficticios que algunos actores religiosos han hecho pasar por verdaderos.

Resumen El trabajo consiste en una reconstrucción histórico-geografía por medio de la memoria de las personas residentes de la selva, utilizando la expresión popular avizinhar en la consolidación del concepto de Extractivismo en la amazonia acreana. La metodología se basa en análisis bibliográficos, documentos, trabajo de campo, entrevistas e imágenes de dominio público. El extractivismo se desarrolló a lo largo de la historia en todo el mundo, con diferentes sesgos: como actividad que tiene su acción ligada a una extracción sin precedentes de elementos de la naturaleza, extracción sin la debida preocupación por los daños colaterales o la ausencia de tales elementos en la composición del ecosistema. Sin embargo, el presente trabajo procura presentar y conceptualizar el extractivismo a partir de la experiencia de la Amazonía, en particular el estado brasileño de Acre que, a pesar de cumplir con la etimología de la palabra, “retirada, recolección de materiales de la naturaleza”, trasciende la extracción depredadora, y se revierte en luchas por la conservación de la naturaleza y de las vidas humanas que habitan las selvas. Estas acciones fueron lidereadas por Chico Mendes a mediados de la década de 1980 a través de la organización sindical de los trabajadores forestales iniciada en la década de 1970.

Abstract The work consists of a historical-geographical reconstruction, using the popular orkers avizinhar in the consolidation of the orkers Extractivism in the Acrean Amazon. The methodology is based on bibliographic analysis, documents, fieldwork, interviews, public domain images. Extractivism developed throughout history throughout the world, with orkers biases: as na activity that has its action linked to na unprecedented extraction of elements of nature, extraction without due concern for orkers damage or the absence of such elements in the composition of the ecosystem. However, the orkers work seeks to orkers and conceptualize extractivism from the experience of the Amazon, in particular the Brazilian state of Acre that, despite complying with the etymology of the word, “withdrawal, collection of materials from nature”, transcends predatory extraction, and reverts into struggles for the conservation of nature and human lives that inhabit the forests. These actions were led by Chico Mendes in the mid-1980s through the union organization of forestry orkers initiated in the 1970s.

Resumo O trabalho consiste em uma reconstrução histórico-geográfica, utilizando a expressão popular avizinhar na consolidação do conceito de Extrativismo na Amazônia acreana. A metodologia baseia-se em análise bibliográfica, documentos, trabalho de campo, entrevistas e imagens de domínio público. O extrativismo desenvolveu-se ao longo da história em todo o mundo, com diferentes vieses: como uma atividade que tem sua ação ligada a uma extração sem precedentes de elementos da natureza, extração sem a devida preocupação com danos colaterais ou a ausência de tais elementos na composição do ecossistema. No entanto, o presente trabalho busca apresentar e conceituar o extrativismo a partir da experiência da Amazônia, em particular do estado brasileiro do Acre que, apesar de obedecer à etimologia da palavra, “retirada, coleta de materiais da natureza”, transcende o extrativismo predatório, e se reverte em lutas pela conservação da natureza e das vidas humanas que habitam as florestas. Essas ações foram lideradas por Chico Mendes em meados da década de 1980 por meio da organização sindical dos trabalhadores florestais iniciada na década de 1970.

ABSTRACT: Over time, the relationship between film and history has evolved to be mutually considered an indispensable tool in their respective disciplines. This essay focuses on exploring these connections and analyzing how contemporary northern Mexican cinema has employed historical tools and resources to understand and reflect upon the region's development. This environment possesses unique characteristics that have been addressed both explicitly in historical works and implicitly in films that contemplate memory and the passage of time. The foundation of this proposal is a directory of contemporary works of northern Mexican cinema. It has allowed for the examination of various perspectives in film proposals spanning from 2006 to 2022, with the historical approach being one of the highlighted aspects.

RESUMEN: Con el tiempo, las relaciones entre el cine y la historia han evolucionado, hasta considerarse mutuamente como herramienta indispensable en sus respectivas disciplinas. Este ensayo se centra en explorar estas relaciones, y en analizar cómo el cine norteño mexicano contemporáneo ha utilizado las herramientas y los recursos históricos para comprender y reflexionar sobre el desarrollo de la región. Este entorno posee características únicas que se han abordado tanto de manera explícita en obras de corte histórico como de forma implícita en películas que reflexionan sobre la memoria y el paso del tiempo. La base de esta propuesta es un directorio cinematográfico de obras contemporáneas del cine norteño mexicano. Todo ello nos ha permitido observar diversas perspectivas en propuestas que van del año 2006 hasta el 2022, y el enfoque histórico es uno de los aspectos destacados.

Resumen: La investigación determinó el efecto de la mediación de un videojuego educativo en el fortalecimiento de la resolución de problemas de matemáticas. El método cuantitativo con alcance descriptivo fue aplicado. La muestra fue no probabilística con 20 estudiantes de la Institución Educativa San Jorge, en la vereda Las Damas, Municipio de Purificación, Departamento de Tolima. Las variables estudiadas fueron: desempeño en resolución de problemas, mecánicas y percepción del videojuego. La encuesta inicial reflejó que un 90% no poseían habilidades matemáticas básicas y tenían una percepción negativa del área. Entonces, fue diseñada una estrategia educativa con un videojuego denominado Corredor Matemático de Pensamiento Variacional (Comapeva), en tercera persona con Unity 3D, Adobe Ilustrator y Autodesk 3d. Fue protagonizado por Comaco: joven aventurero que superó retos matemáticos. El guion narrativo combinó elementos del constructivismo, Aprendizaje Basado en Retos (ABR) y modelo instruccional ADDIE (Análisis, Diseño, Desarrollo, Implementación y Evaluación). La herramienta fue implementada con el apoyo de los docentes. Con el videojuego el 100% de los estudiantes resolvieron retos con diversas estrategias. Disminuyó un 21% el tiempo de desarrollo de los problemas, y un 33% las solicitudes de apoyo del docente. La concentración, atención, memoria, agilidad mental, interpretación y análisis fueron fortalecidas. El videojuego facilitó la construcción de conocimientos en matemáticas de forma sustancial. En consecuencia, fue innovador, motivador y permitió la trasformación de prácticas educativas según las necesidades de aprendizaje.

Abstract: The research considers the effect of the mediation of an educational video game in strengthening mathematics problem solving. The quantitative method with a descriptive scope was applied. The sample was non-probabilistic with 20 students from the San Jorge Educational Institution, in Las Damas village, Municipality of Purificación, Department of Tolima. The variables studied were problem-solving performance, game mechanics, and videogame perception. The initial survey showed that 90% of the students did not have basic mathematical skills and had a negative perception of the subject area. Therefore, an educational strategy was then designed using a video game called the Variational Thinking Mathematical Corridor (Comapeva). The game was developed in third person using Unity 3D, Adobe Illustrator, and Autodesk 3d. It starred Comaco: a young adventurer who overcame mathematical challenges. The narrative script combined elements of constructivism, Challenge-Based Learning (CBL) and instructional model ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation). The tool was implemented with the support of the teachers. With the video game, 100% of the students were able to solve challenges using various strategies. Problem development time decreased by 21%, and teacher support requests decreased by 33%. Concentration, attention, memory, mental agility, interpretation, and analysis skills were all strengthened. The video game facilitated the construction of knowledge in mathematics in a substantial way. Consequently, the video game was found to be innovative and motivating, and it allowed for the transformation of educational practices according to the students' learning needs.

Resumen Los estudios sobre infancia, migración y memoria se han focalizado principalmente en la perspectiva del mundo adulto o institucional y en la esfera nacional. Este artículo expone los resultados de una investigación que tiene por objetivo identificar la construcción de memoria colectiva de niños/as en torno a sus experiencias migratorias hacia Barcelona. Con un enfoque cualitativo y mediante la elaboración de cartografías se da cuenta de cómo los recuerdos se elaboran desde procesos de identidad, pertenencia y afectividad. Se aborda un análisis conjunto de memoria colectiva y migración, que aporta a la articulación de dichos campos de estudio a través de narrativas visuales de niños y niñas como protagonistas de sus experiencias. Se concluye que, en las memorias, la afectividad juega un rol central. A través de ésta, los/as niños/as subvierten las temporalidades de la infancia y construyen memorias transnacionales configuradas por identidades híbridas.

Abstract Studies on childhood, migration, and memory have primarily centered on the perspectives of adults or institutions within the national context. This article unveils research findings aimed at discerning the formation of collective memory among children regarding their migration experiences to Barcelona. Employing a qualitative approach and cartographic representations, the study illustrates how memories evolve through processes of identity, belonging, and affectivity. A joint analysis of collective memory and migration is addressed, which contributes to the articulation of these fields of study through the visual narratives of children as protagonists of their experiences. It is concluded that affectivity plays a pivotal role in shaping memories. Through affective connections, children subvert the temporalities boundaries of childhood, constructing transnational memories shaped by hybrid identities.

Resumen Introducción: La memoria de trabajo para las propiedades (p. ej., color) de un objeto visto recientemente se mejora mediante la presentación repetida de una señal (p. ej., una flecha) para recordar esa propiedad antes (preseñal) o después (retroseñal) del objeto. Si bien una señal adicional puede mejorar la memoria, la interferencia selectiva de la memoria puede ocurrir cuando un estímulo adicional compite por el procesamiento de la memoria de trabajo de una propiedad (p. ej., color) de un objeto más que de otra (p. ej., ubicación del objeto). Este experimento investigó si agregar una señal, previamente entrenada como señal previa, después del objetivo, pero antes de un estímulo distractor mejoraría o interferiría con la memoria del objetivo en una tarea de detección de cambios visuoespaciales. Método: Los ensayos de prueba siguieron la estructura: fondo coloreado (CB1), estímulo objetivo, fondo coloreado (CB2), distractor y estímulo de prueba. A un grupo de adultos jóvenes (n = 22) se les indicó que el color de CB1 indicaría si debían responder “igual” o “diferente” según la coincidencia de la identidad (p. ej., verde) o la ubicación (p. ej., amarillo) del estímulo de prueba en comparación con el estímulo objetivo. Durante la prueba, la propiedad señalada por el color de CB2 podría ser la misma que la de CB1, neutral o incongruente. Los ensayos de control incluyeron un color novedoso (p. ej., azul) en CB1 y CB2. Resultados: Un análisis de d’ reveló un rendimiento significativamente mejor durante las pruebas con CB que indicaban la necesidad de recordar la misma propiedad antes que el objetivo y el distractor. Conclusiones: Los resultados apoyan la hipótesis de protección contra interferencia mediante una retroseñal.

Abstract Introduction: Working memory for one property (e.g., colour) of a recently viewed object is enhanced by repeated presentation of a cue (e.g., an arrow) to remember that property before (pre-cueing) or after (retro-cueing) viewing the object. While an added cue can enhance memory, selective interference of memory can occur when an added stimulus competes for working memory processing of one property (e.g., colour) of an object more than another (e.g., location of the object). The current experiment investigated whether adding a cue, trained as a pre-cue, after the target but before a distractor stimulus will improve or interfere with memory of the target in a visuo-spatial change detection task. Method: Test trials followed the structure: coloured background (CB1), target stimulus, coloured background (CB2), distractor, and probe stimulus. Young adults (n = 22) were instructed that the colour of CB1 would signal whether to respond “same” or “different” based on the match of the identity (e.g., green) or the location (e.g., yellow) of the probe stimulus to the target stimulus. During the test, the property signalled by the colour of CB2 could be either the same as CB1, neutral, or incongruent. Control trials included the same novel colour (e.g., blue) as CB1 and CB2. Results: An analysis of d’ revealed significantly better performance during trials with CBs that signalled the need to remember the same property before the target and distractor. Conclusions: Results support the hypothesis of protection from interference by a retro-cue.

Resumen En este trabajo pretendemos avanzar en la discusión de la información con la que contamos para recuperar la localización de los lugares donde ocurrieron muertes vinculadas con los sucesos conocidos como La Patagonia Rebelde. Las estimaciones más confiables cifran entre 1.000 y 1.500 las personas muertas durante la misma, sin embargo, las evidencias materiales son muy escasas. A partir del análisis de diversas fuentes, sistematizamos la ubicación y cantidad de eventos de muertes ocurridas de forma directa e indirecta; las condiciones contextuales de estas; y las características y formas en que ocurrieron. Posteriormente, avanzamos en la definición de los cambios que habrían sufrido estos lugares y los cuerpos de las víctimas, tanto en el corto plazo, como a lo largo de las décadas, hasta nuestros días. De esta forma, esperamos generar un estado de situación que permita a futuro analizarlos por medio de herramientas y técnicas arqueológicas y forenses acordes. Finalmente, creemos que las formas en que se produjeron las matanzas, el contexto en el cual ocurrieron y la imposición de un silencio sobre las víctimas, favorecieron que se perdiera la memoria, aunque hoy en día existen políticas para evocar y no olvidar estos hechos.

Abstract In this work we pretend to discuss the information to recover the location of the places where deaths related to the events known as La Patagonia Rebelde occurred. The most reliable estimates put between 1,000 and 1,500 people dead during this strike, however, the material evidence is very scarce. Based on the analysis of various sources, we systematized the location and number of death events that occurred directly and indirectly; their contextual conditions; and the characteristics and forms of deaths. Subsequently, we advance in the definition of the changes in these places and the bodies of the victims would have suffered, both in the short term and over the decades, up to nowadays. In this sense, we hope to generate a situation that will allow us to analyse the places of death in the future through appropriate archaeological and forensic tools and techniques. Finally, we believe that the ways in which the massacres took place, the context in which they occurred and the imposition of silence on the victims, favoured the loss of the memory, although today there are policies to evoke and not forget these events.

Abstract. This article analyzes the collective action Sangre de mi Sangre in Zacatecas, a weaving project where citizens, in solidarity with the families of missing persons, use textiles as a means of expression and protest against violence. We applied a methodology of participant observation, interviews (both formal and informal), and the collection of visual memory from July 2022 to July 2023. We argue that collective weaving constituted an aesthetic-political practice that shaped counter-pedagogies of cruelty: weaving memory; social resistance and re-existence; collective thought and action; collective healing.

Resumen. Este artículo analiza la acción colectiva Sangre de mi Sangre en Zacatecas, un proyecto de tejido en el que ciudadanas y ciudadanos, en solidaridad con familiares de personas desaparecidas, utilizan los textiles como medio de expresión y manifestación contra la violencia. Aplicamos una metodología de observación participante, entrevistas (formales e informales) y recopilación de memoria visual entre julio de 2022 y julio de 2023. Argumentamos que el tejido colectivo implicó una práctica estético-política que dio forma a contrapedagogías de la crueldad: hilar la memoria; resistencia y re-existencia social; pensamiento y acción colectiva; sanación colectiva.