Abstract This paper employs a panel data model to study the impact of six key variables, three of them directly related to the COVID-19 pandemic, on Mexican manufacturing exports. The panel comprises the 21 manufacturing subsectors and monthly data during the January 2020-December 2022 period. Moreover, the model specification entails supply- as well as demand-side variables. The two estimation techniques are ordinary least squares and two- stage least squares. The second estimation procedure corrects for endogeneity problems and is complemented by remedial measures to achieve more efficient parameter estimates. Along these lines, the evidence is robust in showing that manufacturing exports respond positively to an increase in external demand, a real currency depreciation, a drop in unit labor costs (ULC), a wider coverage of vaccination campaigns, and a relaxation of social distancing measures. Given that ULC fall as labor productivity rises, there is a valid rationale to conclude that investing in high- quality formal education, training and skill development could be an effective measure to raise exports. Likewise, the effects of the vaccination efforts highlights the relevance of coordinating economic policy with health policy.

Resumen En este trabajo se emplea un modelo de datos en panel para estudiar el impacto de seis variables clave, tres de ellas relacionadas con la pandemia del COVID-19, sobre las exportaciones manufactureras mexicanas. El panel comprende los 21 subsectores de la industria manufacturera y observaciones mensuales para el período enero de 2020 - diciembre de 2022. Para estimar el modelo, que incluye tanto variables de demanda como de oferta, se utilizan dos métodos: mínimos cuadrados ordinarios y mínimos cuadrados en dos etapas. El segundo método corrige problemas de endogeneidad y se complementa con medidas para acrecentar la eficiencia. La evidencia obtenida indica que las exportaciones manufactureras responden positivamente frente a un incremento en la demanda externa, una depreciación real del peso, un descenso en los costos laborales unitarios (CLU), una mayor cobertura de los programas de vacunación, y un relajamiento de las medidas de distanciamiento social. Dado que los CLU descienden conforme aumenta la productividad laboral, procede concluir que una mayor inversión en educación formal de calidad, en capacitación y adiestramiento es una medida efectiva para exportar más. Asimismo, los efectos de los esfuerzos de vacunación subrayan la importancia de coordinar la política económica con la política de salud.

ABSTRACT This research aimed to suggest practical strategies for Mexico's economic development through the trend of nearshoring. It involved identifying, analyzing, and organizing the causes of the conflict between China and the USA over international trade and exploring the opportunities that nearshoring to Mexico can offer. Qualitative research methods were applied, and documentary research techniques were used based on two study objects: a) the Sino-American dispute over international trade and b) nearshoring to Mexico. Nearshoring to Mexico is driven by various factors, including tariff benefits from Free Trade Agreements, low labor costs in manufacturing companies, and a stable exchange rate. Therefore, Mexico needs to encourage the development of industrial parks, implement an effective Public Security Policy, offer tax incentives to attract Foreign Direct Investment and improve port, road, and air infrastructure to take full advantage of this trend.

RESUMEN Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo sugerir estrategias prácticas para el desarrollo económico de México a través de la tendencia del nearshoring. Implicó identificar, analizar y organizar las causas del conflicto entre China y Estados Unidos sobre el comercio internacional y explorar las oportunidades que puede ofrecer el nearshoring a México. Se aplicaron métodos de investigación cualitativos y se utilizaron técnicas de investigación documental basadas en dos objetos de estudio: a) la disputa chino-estadounidense sobre el comercio internacional y b) el nearshoring a México. El nearshoring a México está impulsado por varios factores, incluidos los beneficios arancelarios de los Tratados de Libre Comercio, los bajos costos laborales en las empresas manufactureras y un tipo de cambio estable. Por lo tanto, México necesita fomentar el desarrollo de parques industriales, implementar una Política de Seguridad Pública efectiva, ofrecer incentivos fiscales para atraer Inversión Extranjera Directa y mejorar la infraestructura portuaria, vial y aérea para aprovechar al máximo esta tendencia.

Resumo Entre as barreiras para o sucesso da implantação da manufatura enxuta, a literatura destaca a gestão de recursos humanos. Este estudo teve dois objetivos: analisar a influência do apoio organizacional percebido sobre as práticas de manufatura enxuta e estabelecer se o gênero é um fator associado a diferenças no modelo. A pesquisa foi quantitativa, não probabilística e transversal, e as técnicas de análise consistiram em um modelo de equações estruturais e uma análise multigrupos. Identificou-se que o apoio organizacional percebido desencadeia o compromisso e a participação. Em conjunto, essas variáveis incidem no uso de práticas de manufatura enxuta. Além disso, não existem diferenças no modelo associadas ao gênero. Conclui-se que o recurso humano determina o sucesso da manufatura enxuta.

Resumen Entre las barreras para el éxito de la implantación de manufactura esbelta, la literatura destaca la gestión de recursos humanos. Este estudio tuvo dos objetivos: analizar la influencia del apoyo organizacional percibido sobre las prácticas de manufactura esbelta y establecer si el género es un factor asociado a diferencias en el modelo. La investigación fue cuantitativa, no probabilística y transversal, y las técnicas de análisis constaron de un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales y un análisis multigrupo. Se identificó que el apoyo organizacional percibido detona el compromiso y la participación. En conjunto, estas variables inciden en el uso de prácticas de manufactura esbelta. Asimismo, no existen diferencias en el modelo asociadas al género. Se concluye que el recurso humano determina el éxito de la manufactura esbelta. Clasificación JEL: L23; Mil; M12.

Abstract Among the barriers to the successful implementation of lean manufacturing, the literature highlights human resource management. This study had two objectives: to analyze the influence of perceived organizational support on lean manufacturing practices and to establish whether gender is a factor associated with differences in the model. The research is quantitative, non-probabilistic, and cross-sectional, and the analysis techniques are structural equation modeling and multi-group analysis. It was identified that perceived organizational support was a trigger for commitment and participation. Together, these variables influence the use of lean manufacturing practices. Likewise, there are no differences in the model associated with gender. It is concluded that human resources determine the success of lean manufacturing.

Abstract. One of the key features of mechanical seals is to achieve effective sealing between two mechanical parts to prevent displacement and coolant leakage in industrial applications. Currently most of these elements are produced using neoprene, compressed cardboard, tar paper, laminated graphite, so we sought to produce them using ABS and PLA materials. For the design we used CAD software with educational license intended for educators and researchers, then a finite element analysis is performed according to the specifications of the product. In this sense, the importance of FEM as an evaluation tool has been identified in the context of this trend of using innovative technologies for research. As part of the results, the data obtained allow the selection of both variables and physical properties of the connecting rod and can be used to develop projects and studies of this nature applicable in case studies related to mechanical, mechatronic, industrial and electronic engineering. Finally, the variables Factor of Safety (FS), Von Mises Stress (VM) and YZ Stress, are analyzed after simulation by FEM, providing a range of values for use in engineering applications with different techniques in which connecting rods are used, FS [ 0.55, 12.26], VM [1.63, 36.45], YZ [-1.36, 10.13]. As for the other results presented in this study, the correlation coefficient is used as a statistical part with graphs to evaluate the simulation, the dependence of variables and parameters relevant to the case study, so a strong relationship was observed between the variables; plane stress, deformation, displacement and Von Mises stress, whose values range between 0.87 and 0.99, showing a strong relationship between these variables and, for the others, it should be considered to improve the relationship and increase the coefficient.

Resumen. - Una de las características clave de los sellos mecánicos es lograr una estanqueidad efectiva entre dos piezas mecánicas para evitar el desplazamiento y las fugas de refrigerante en aplicaciones industriales. Actualmente la mayoría de estos elementos se producen utilizando neopreno, cartón comprimido, papel alquitranado, grafito laminado, por lo que buscamos producirlos utilizando materiales ABS y PLA. Para el diseño se utilizó software CAD con licencia educativa destinada a educadores e investigadores, posteriormente se realiza un análisis de elementos finitos según las especificaciones del producto. En este sentido, se ha identificado la importancia del FEM como herramienta de evaluación en el contexto de esta tendencia de utilizar tecnologías innovadoras para la investigación. Como parte de los resultados, los datos obtenidos permiten seleccionar tanto las variables como las propiedades físicas de la biela y pueden ser utilizados para desarrollar proyectos y estudios de esta naturaleza aplicables en casos de estudio relacionados con la Ingeniería mecánica, mecatrónica, industrial y electrónica. Finalmente, las variables Factor de Seguridad (FS), Von Mises Stress (VM) y YZ Stress, se analizan después de la simulación mediante FEM, proporcionando un rango de valores para su uso en aplicaciones de ingeniería con diferentes técnicas en las que se utilizan bielas, FS [ 0,55, 12,26], VM [1,63, 36,45], YZ [-1,36, 10,13]. En cuanto a los demás resultados presentados en este estudio, el coeficiente de correlación se utiliza como parte estadística con gráficos para evaluar la simulación, la dependencia de variables y parámetros relevantes para el estudio de caso, por lo que se observó una fuerte relación entre las variables; esfuerzo plano, deformación, desplazamiento y el esfuerzo de Von Mises, cuyos valores oscilan entre 0,87 y 0,99, mostrando una fuerte relación entre estas variables y, para las demás, se debe considerar mejorar la relación y aumentar el coeficiente.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The balance of materials in obtaining the G-0 intermediate product guarantees that the product is consistently produced and controlled. Objective: Carry out the material balances in the mechanical and thermal operations in obtaining the intermediate product G-0. Materials and Methods: The analysis of the input and output materials mass was conducted for the crude G-0 centrifugation systems, filtration of the suspension to be purified from crude G-0, and centrifugation and drying of the PI G-0. The composition was determined using available techniques and previous research work. For the calculation of the average results of the streams with the Microsoft Office Excel® program 25 batches produced in the years 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019 were taken into account. Results and Discussion: The material balances per batch in the obtaining of PI G-0 in the systems Centrifugation G-0 Crude, Centrifugation of PI G-0, Filtration and Drying allowed to know the real yield of the desired product for 14 moles of furfural and the losses in the residual streams and due to manufacturing. In the drying operation, the removal of water and wet and dry base solvent was quantified. Conclusions: The material balances in the mechanical and thermal operations of the process of obtaining the intermediate product G-0 allow assuring the consistency of the process. The tests carried out on the specifications: organoleptic characteristics, identification by UV VIS ultraphotometry, melting interval and purity of the product declare the conformity for its use in the production of Furvina.

RESUMEN Introducción: El balance de materiales en la obtención del producto intermedio G-0 garantiza que el producto sea consistentemente producido y controlado. Objetivo: Realizar los balances de materiales en las operaciones mecánicas y térmicas en la obtención del producto intermedio G-0. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó el análisis de la masa de materiales de entrada y salida para los sistemas centrifugación de G-0 crudo, filtración de la suspensión a purificar de G-0 crudo, centrifugación y secado del PI G-0 y se determinó la composición mediante las técnicas disponibles y trabajos de investigación realizados con anterioridad. Para el cálculo de los resultados promedios de las corrientes con el programa Microsoft Office Excel® se tuvieron en cuenta 25 lotes producidos en los años 2016, 2017, 2018 y 2019. Resultados y Discusión: Los balances de materiales por lote en la obtención del PI G-0 en los sistemas Centrifugación G-0 Crudo, Centrifugación del PI G-0, Filtración y Secado, permitieron conocer el rendimiento real del producto deseado para 14 mole de furfural y las pérdidas en las corrientes residuales y por manufactura. En la operación de secado se cuantificó la eliminación de agua y solvente base húmeda y seca. Conclusiones: Los balances de materiales en las operaciones mecánicas y térmicas del proceso de obtención del producto intermedio G-0 permiten asegurar la consistencia del proceso. Los ensayos realizados a las especificaciones: características organolépticas, identificación por ultrafotometría UV VIS, intervalo de fusión y pureza del producto declaran la conformidad para su uso en la producción de la Furvina.

Abstract The manufacturing of leather is considered one of the most polluting practices of the current industrial state. Exploration from different fields to create more sustainable alternatives are arising worldwide. In the Design field, this has also become a fundamental aspect of being considered while developing products. The following article aims to present a research methodology applied to a design course where designers are challenged to find more circular alternatives from a materials perspective. Designers are invited to work hand in hand with local artisans to exchange knowledge and propose a viable opportunity. Four projects are presented to understand the different approaches when design knowledge is combined with crafts knowledge. This exercise sets a scenario for product designers to understand how to search for alternatives to a highly demanded material desired by its properties and qualities but with a high environmental impact. By following this method, designers can find novel alternatives to products, and artisans can innovate in their production techniques to compete in the local markets.

Resumen La fabricación del cuero es considerada una de las prácticas mas contaminantes del estado actual industrial. Exploraciones provenientes de diferentes disciplinas para producir alternativas mas sostenibles están surgiendo de forma global. En el campo del Diseño, esto se ha convertido un aspecto fundamental a ser considerado durante el desarrollo de productos. El siguiente artículo busca presentar una metodología de investigación aplicada a un curso de diseño, donde los diseñadores son llamados a encontrar alternativas mas circulares desde una perspectiva material. Los diseñadores son invitados a trabajar de la mano con artesanos locales, con el fin de intercambiar conocimientos y proponer una oportunidad viable de proyecto. Cuatro proyectos son presentados para evidenciar las diversas aproximaciones que emergen cuando el conocimiento de diseño se combina con el conocimiento artesanal. Este ejercicio sienta las bases para producir escenarios en los que diseñadores de producto entienden como buscar alternativas para utilizar un material tan deseado por sus propiedades y cualidades, pero con un alto impacto medioambiental. Siguiendo este método, los diseñadores pueden encontrar nuevas alternativas para el desarrollo de productos, y los artesanos a su vez, pueden innovar en sus técnicas de producción para competir en los mercados locales.

Resumo A fabricação de couro é considerada uma das práticas mais poluentes do atual estado industrial. Explorações de diferentes disciplinas para produzir alternativas mais sustentáveis estão surgindo globalmente. Na área de Design, isso se tornou um aspecto fundamental a ser considerado no desenvolvimento de produtos. O artigo seguinte procura apresentar uma metodologia de investigação aplicada a um curso de design, onde os designers são chamados a encontrar alternativas mais circulares do ponto de vista material. Os designers são convidados a trabalhar em conjunto com os artesãos locais, a fim de trocar conhecimentos e propor uma oportunidade de projeto viável. Quatro projetos são apresentados para mostrar as diferentes abordagens que surgem quando o conhecimento do design é combinado com o conhecimento do artesão. Este exercício lança as bases para a produção de cenários nos quais os projetistas de produtos entendam como encontrar alternativas para usar um material tão desejado por suas propriedades e qualidades, mas com alto impacto ambiental. Seguindo este método, os designers podem encontrar novas alternativas para o desenvolvimento de produtos, e os artesãos, por sua vez, podem inovar suas técnicas de produção para competir nos mercados locais.

ABSTRACT Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) has been applied in dentistry for the preparation and analysis of various dental treatments. It starts with capturing images through intraoral scanners, having different types of software and image export systems and technology. The advantages of this digital workflow are the following: better adjustment, shorter clinical time, and speed in dental treatments, in addition to providing greater practicality for dental surgeons. The accuracy he provide is clinically acceptable in comparison with conventional methods, so there is sufficient evidence for their validity; however, it should be taken into account that several factors can alter the result, such as the operator's experience, the type of scanner, the type of software, the software update, the scanning principle of the scanner, the environment, the scanning sequence, and the oral structures. The present review article aims to analyze the literature on the different characteristics and properties that intraoral scanners present today and the evidence of the potential benefits and accuracy of digital impression techniques versus conventional impression techniques.

RESUMEN El diseño asistido por computadora y la fabricación asistida por ordenador (CAD-CAM, por sus siglas en inglés) se ha aplicado en odontología para la confección y el análisis de diversos tratamientos dentales. Inicia con la captura de imágenes a través de escáneres intraorales, contando con diversos tipos de softwares y sistemas de exportación de imágenes y tecnología. Las ventajas de este flujo de trabajo digital son el mejor ajuste, el empleo de menor tiempo clínico y la celeridad en tratamientos dentales, además de que brinda una mayor practicidad en el uso de los cirujanos dentistas. La precisión que brinda es clínicamente aceptable en comparación con los métodos convencionales, por lo cual existe suficiente evidencia para su validez; sin embargo, se debe tener en cuenta que diversos factores pueden alterar el resultado, como la experiencia del operador, el tipo de escáner, el tipo de software, la actualización del software, el principio de escaneo del escáner, el ambiente, la secuencia de escaneo y las estructuras bucales. El presente artículo de revisión tiene como objetivo analizar la literatura sobre las diferentes características y propiedades que presentan los escáneres intraorales en la actualidad, así como la evidencia de los posibles beneficios y la precisión de las técnicas de impresión digital frente a las técnicas de impresión convencionales.

RESUMO O desenho assistido por computador e o fabrico assistido por computador (CAD-CAM) têm sido aplicados na medicina dentária para a preparação e análise de vários tratamentos dentários. Começa com a captura de imagens através de scanners intraorais, com vários tipos de software e sistemas e tecnologia de exportação de imagens. As vantagens deste fluxo de trabalho digital são as seguintes: melhor ajuste, menor tempo clínico, rapidez nos tratamentos dentários, além de proporcionar maior praticidade no uso dos cirurgiões-dentistas. A precisão que proporcionam é clinicamente aceitável quando comparada com os métodos convencionais, pelo que existem evidências suficientes para a sua validade; no entanto, deve ter-se em conta que vários fatores podem alterar o resultado, tais como a experiência do operador, o tipo de scanner, o tipo de software, a atualização do software, o princípio de digitalização do scanner, o ambiente, a sequência de digitalização e as estruturas orais. Este artigo de revisão tem como objetivo analisar a literatura sobre as diferentes características e propriedades dos scanners intraorais atuais, bem como a evidência dos potenciais benefícios e precisão das técnicas de moldagem digital em comparação com as técnicas de moldagem convencionais.

Powder metallurgy is an attractive method for cost effective production of near net shape Ti-Nb alloys, and, when elemental powders and coarse HDH powders are used, a higher flexibility in alloy composition and low processing costs can be achieved. In this study, manufacturing of (α+β) Ti-Nb alloys by powder metallurgical techniques using coarse HDH Nb (D50= 110 μm and D50= 255 μm) and HDH Ti (D50= 22.6 μm) powders as starting materials was described. Tape casting was applied for the production of porous sheets while warm compaction of Metal Injection Molding (MIM) feedstock was applied for the production of dense parts. Microstructural and mechanical tests were employed to investigated the effect of coarse Nb powders on the sintering behavior and mechanical properties. Tape casting enabled to produce porous sheets of Ti16Nb alloy with an interconnected porosity varying from 14 - 31 vol.%. Warm compaction enabled to produce Ti-Nb parts with less than 2% porosity and Yield strength in compression of 975-1100 MPa, which is similar to the values reported for Ti-Nb based alloys produced by powder metallurgy of finer powders. A dynamic Young’s Modulus of 37-52 GPa, significantly lower than that of cp-Ti was achieved. These results might provide guidelines for the use of coarse Nb powders as starting materials for the powder metallurgical development of low-cost Ti-Nb based alloys. TiNb used achieved study α+β αβ α β (α+β D50 D (D50 11 25 226 22 6 22. described MIM (MIM properties 1 3 vol vol.% 2 9751100 975 1100 975-110 MPa Youngs Young s 3752 37 52 37-5 GPa cpTi cp lowcost D5 (D5 vol. 975110 97 975-11 375 5 37- (D 97511 9 975-1 9751 975-

Abstract The global demand for milk and dairy products is rising, with cow's milk dominating production. However, goat dairy products have gained attention due to their nutritional value and bioactive components. Goat milk, in particular, is priced attractively, leading to increased interest from producers and investors. Goat milk-based products like yogurt, cheese, and fermented milk are available in the market and prepared using advanced processing technologies. Goat milk's exceptional quality, nutritional composition, and adaptability make it a superior choice, containing essential minerals and vitamins. The gourmet market has elevated goat cheese to a refined culinary delight. Therefore, this systematic review aims to summarize the state of successful research on goat milk cheese production from 2013 to 2023. The bibliographic search was carried out in September 2023 in electronic databases of scientific journals, namely Google Scholar, Science Direct, PUBMED, SCIELO, and Web of Science. Twenty (20) articles were included to discuss results that addressed the research question, meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The content presented provides a comprehensive overview of the cheese manufacturing process, encompassing stages such as filtration, pasteurization, addition of lactic cultures, coagulation (using various methods such as enzymatic, rennet, charcoal, or enzymes), cutting the curd, molding, salting, and maturation. The inclusion of bibliographic references further enhances understanding, highlighting the evolution of practices over time. These contributions are essential for improving the quality and efficiency of goat milk cheese production, offering valuable insights for researchers, producers, and industry enthusiasts. rising cows cow s However components particular attractively investors milkbased based yogurt technologies milks composition choice vitamins delight Therefore 201 202 journals Scholar Direct PUBMED SCIELO 20 (20 question criteria process filtration pasteurization cultures enzymatic rennet charcoal enzymes, enzymes , enzymes) curd molding salting maturation understanding time researchers enthusiasts 2 (2 (

Resumo A demanda global por leite e produtos lácteos está em ascensão, com o leite de vaca dominando a produção. No entanto, os produtos lácteos de cabra têm ganhado destaque devido ao seu valor nutricional e aos seus componentes bioativos. O leite de cabra, em particular, apresenta um preço atrativo, despertando um interesse crescente por parte de produtores e investidores. Produtos à base de leite de cabra, como iogurte, queijo e leite fermentado, estão disponíveis no mercado, e são preparados por meio de tecnologias avançadas de processamento. A qualidade excepcional, a composição nutricional e a adaptabilidade do leite de cabra o tornam uma escolha superior, contendo minerais e vitaminas essenciais. O mercado gourmet elevou o queijo de cabra a uma delícia culinária refinada. Portanto, o objetivo desta revisão sistemática foi resumir o estado da pesquisa bem-sucedida sobre a produção de queijo de leite de cabra de 2013 a 2023. A busca bibliográfica foi realizada em setembro de 2023, em bases de dados eletrônicas de revistas científicas, nomeadamente Google Scholar, Science Direct, PUBMED, SciELO e Web of Science. Vinte artigos foram incluídos para a discussão dos resultados que abordaram a pergunta de pesquisa, atendendo aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. O conteúdo apresentado oferece uma visão abrangente do processo de fabricação de queijo de leite de cabra, abrangendo estágios, como filtração, pasteurização, adição de culturas lácticas, coagulação (utilizando vários métodos, como enzimática, coalho, carvão ou enzimas), corte da coalhada, moldagem, salga e maturação. A inclusão de referências bibliográficas aprimora ainda mais a compreensão, destacando a evolução das práticas ao longo do tempo. Essas contribuições são essenciais para a melhoria da qualidade e da eficiência na produção de queijo de leite de cabra, oferecendo insights valiosos para pesquisadores, produtores e entusiastas da indústria. ascensão entanto bioativos particular atrativo investidores iogurte fermentado processamento excepcional superior refinada Portanto bemsucedida bem sucedida 201 2023 científicas Scholar Direct PUBMED exclusão estágios filtração pasteurização lácticas utilizando métodos enzimática coalho enzimas, enzimas , enzimas) coalhada moldagem maturação compreensão tempo pesquisadores indústria 20 202 2

Abstract This research characterized the morphological and chemical characteristics, as well as the biocidal effectiveness of polylactic acid (PLA) plate surfaces, created through additive manufacturing, both with and without an additional sealing coating of a polymer infused with silver nitrate crystals. In acknowledgement of the well-accepted principle of silver-based materials as antibacterial agents, this study delves deeper into the underlying mechanism responsible for the bactericidal effect of the sealant, offering a thorough characterization of the system and its behavior. To assess the bactericidal effect of the system, a suite of techniques including visual examination, optical microscopy (OM), digital image processing (DIP), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), semi-quantitative chemical analyses using energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), average roughness (Ra) computations, and in vitro tests were employed. The goal was to assess the impact of the presence or absence of the sealant on the proliferation of Escherichia coli American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) 11229 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 bacteria. Results showed that the sealant had a significant antimicrobial effect, reducing the number of bacteria on the coated surfaces by at least 64 times within 30 minutes, in comparison with uncoated surfaces. This study also revealed the presence of micropores in the cross-section of the sealant layer. The microporous structure likely served as a conduit for silver ions from the encapsulated silver nitrate to exert their bactericidal effect on bacterial colonies. Whilst reinforcing the well-known bactericidal efficacy of silver, this investigation underscores the potential applicability of the proposed sealant in various fields requiring antimicrobial protection. characteristics PLA (PLA manufacturing crystals wellaccepted accepted silverbased based agents behavior examination OM, OM , (OM) DIP, DIP (DIP) SEM, SEM (SEM) semiquantitative semi quantitative EDS, EDS (EDS) Ra (Ra computations employed (ATCC 1122 2592 6 3 minutes crosssection cross section layer colonies wellknown known protection (OM (DIP (SEM (EDS 112 259 11 25 1 2

Abstract This study examines the influence of family control on firm performance, taking into consideration the moderating variable of the proportion of independent commissioners. The sample for this research consists of manufacturing sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2012-2018, with 477 observations. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression analysis and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) techniques were employed to test the hypotheses. The findings of this research indicate that family control has a significant negative impact on firm performance. Additionally, it was found that the proportion of independent commissioners significantly weakens the negative influence of family control on firm performance. performance IDX (IDX 20122018, 20122018 2012 2018, 2018 2012-2018 47 observations OLS (OLS MRA (MRA hypotheses Additionally 2012201 201 2012-201 4 201220 20 2012-20 20122 2 2012-2 2012-

Resumo Esta pesquisa analisa o efeito do controle familiar no desempenho corporativo tendo a proporção de conselheiros independentes como variável moderadora. A amostra desta pesquisa são empresas do setor manufatureiro listadas na Bolsa de Valores da Indonésia para o período 2012-2018, com 477 observações. Este estudo utiliza técnicas de mínimos quadrados ordinários (OLS) e análise de regressão moderada (MRA) para chegar aos resultados. Esta pesquisa descobriu que o controle familiar tem um efeito negativo significativo no desempenho corporativo. O outro resultado concluiu que a proporção de comissários independentes enfraquece significativamente o efeito negativo do controle familiar no desempenho empresarial. moderadora 20122018, 20122018 2012 2018, 2018 2012-2018 47 observações OLS (OLS MRA (MRA resultados empresarial 2012201 201 2012-201 4 201220 20 2012-20 20122 2 2012-2 2012-

Abstract Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) technology allows the use of different manufacturing techniques. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the marginal fit of temporary restorations manufactured using conventional chairside methods, milling, and three-dimensional printing. Fifteen 3-element temporary restorations specimens were produced and categorized into three groups: non-digital, obtained using the conventional chairside method (GC); milled (GM); and three-dimensionally printed (GP). Marginal fit was assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) performed under two conditions: one with only the central screw tightened, and the other with all three screws tightened. Horizontal misfit values were categorized as over-, equal-, and under-extended and qualitatively analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using the Tukey–Kramer test (α=0.05). In the vertical assessment, three-dimensionally printed restorations demonstrated greater misfit than restorations obtained by milling and the conventional chairside method (P<0.05). In the horizontal assessment, the misfit in the GP group was significantly higher than that in the GM and GC groups. Restorations obtained using the conventional chairside method and milled provisional restorations showed more favorable results than three-dimensionally printed restorations. Computeraided Computer aided CAM (CAM techniques methods threedimensional dimensional printing 3element element 3 groups nondigital, nondigital non digital, digital non-digital (GC) (GM) threedimensionally dimensionally GP. . (GP) SEM (SEM conditions tightened over, over , over- equal, equal equal- underextended extended analyzed TukeyKramer Tukey Kramer α=0.05. α005 α α=0.05 0 05 (α=0.05) assessment P<0.05. P005 P P<0.05 (P<0.05) (GC (GM (GP α00 α=0.0 (α=0.05 P00 P<0.0 (P<0.05 α0 α=0. (α=0.0 P0 P<0. (P<0.0 α=0 (α=0. P<0 (P<0. α= (α=0 P< (P<0 (α= (P< (α (P

ABSTRACT The Metal Injection Molding (MIM) process is used for small parts, complex geometries, and high production volumes. Among the various ferrous and non-ferrous alloys that use this technology, the precipitation-hardened stainless steel Catamold 17 - 4 PH stands out. This class of steel used in the aerospace and automotive industries is characterized by its resistance to corrosion combined with excellent mechanical properties. The sintering process of this steel is carried out in a controlled hydrogen-based atmosphere, which, together with the raw material, impacts the manufacturing cost of the components. In this work, different sintering atmospheres were evaluated, and the effects were verified using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the EDS microprobe, microhardness, and potentiodynamic polarization techniques. The results demonstrated that the microstructure and microhardness of the substrate were not affected. However, deleterious effects were detected with an increase in the level of porosity, compromising the corrosion resistance of the analyzed samples. Comparatively, samples with pure nitrogen showed better corrosion resistance compared to those with the presence of water vapor. However, it was less resistant to corrosion than found in the literature in a hydrogen atmosphere, considered the state of the art for Catamold 17 - 4 PH stainless steel. MIM (MIM parts geometries volumes nonferrous non technology precipitationhardened precipitation hardened 1 properties hydrogenbased based atmosphere which material components work evaluated SEM, SEM , (SEM) microprobe techniques affected However porosity Comparatively vapor (SEM

ABSTRACT The study evaluates two methods for producing glass-fiber reinforced polyester (GFRP): the traditional spray-up process and a modified method named Resin Spraying with Vacuum Assisted Molding (RSVAM). Manufacturing processes for resin composites are briefly reviewed, with detailed description of RSVAM. Tensile, flexural, and Izod impact strength tests were conducted on GFRP samples containing 30 wt.% fiberglass from both methods. RSVAM yielded 120 samples (40 per test type), with results including average tensile strength (31 ± 3 MPa) and modulus (6.2 ± 0.2 GPa), flexural strength (157 ± 7 MPa) and modulus (7.2 ± 0.1 GPa), and Izod impact resistance (107 ± 2 J/cm). Comparison with 120 samples from the spray-up method revealed no significant difference in tensile and flexural strengths at a 5% significance level, but RSVAM samples showed 168% higher Izod impact resistance. Reliability curves, based on parametric and nonparametric statistics, predicted failure probabilities. For tensile and flexural tests, normal and Weibull distributions were analyzed, with similar outcomes favoring Weibull for flexural tests. Nonparametric analysis was suitable for Izod impact results, showing significant differences in failure probabilities between the two processes. glassfiber glass fiber (GFRP) sprayup spray up . (RSVAM) reviewed Tensile wt wt. 12 40 (4 type, type , type) 31 (3 MPa 6.2 62 6 (6. 02 0 0. GPa, GPa GPa) 157 (15 7.2 72 (7. 01 1 107 (10 J/cm. Jcm J/cm J cm J/cm) 5 level 168 curves statistics analyzed (GFRP (RSVAM 4 ( 6. (6 15 (1 7. (7 10 16

Abstract The problem of minimizing total quadratic completion time in flow shops presents a significant challenge in industries such as chemical, metallurgical, and ceramic manufacturing. Initially investigated by Ren and coauthors (2016) [1], this problem addresses the need to balance intermediate inventory reduction with maximizing resource utilization, particularly in multi-objective scenarios. We proposed two innovative metaheuristics (Covid and CHIO algorithms) and a mathematical optimization model. Evaluations were conducted across two industrial settings and three additional benchmarks from existing literature. Through the statistical analysis and performance profiling, our findings indicate that the Covid and CHIO algorithms outperform the Differential Evolution of Ren and coauthors (2016) [1] and the Iterated Greedy Algorithm of Pan and Ruiz (2012) [2], as well as other techniques. Notably, the proposed Covid and CHIO algorithms achieved an average relative deviation from the optimal solution of 0.41% and 0.23%, respectively. Furthermore, they consistently outperformed other methods, securing the best solution in at least 12.5% of instances across all benchmarks, with their worst solutions closer to the best solutions than those produced by alternative approaches. chemical metallurgical manufacturing 2016 (2016 1, 1 , utilization multiobjective multi objective scenarios model literature profiling [1 2012 (2012 2, 2 [2] techniques Notably 041 0 41 0.41 023 23 0.23% respectively Furthermore methods 125 12 5 12.5 approaches 201 (201 [ [2 04 4 0.4 02 0.23 12. 20 (20 0. 0.2 (2 (