RESUMO: O melão de polpa alaranjada honeydew apresenta elevado potencial nutricional e econômico, sendo amplamente apreciado como fruta doce e refrescante. Portanto, avaliar amostras comerciais de produtos tão relevantes para o mercado de frutas frescas é de grande importância. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a capacidade antioxidante, os parâmetros de qualidade e a composição química de melões do mercado brasileiro. Os valores de pH e ºBrix determinados para as amostras de melão foram 6,5 ± 0,30 e 9,2 ± 0,80 g/100 g (peso fresco), respectivamente, o que está de acordo com os resultados esperados para melões de alta qualidade. A análise cromatográfica revelou a sacarose (49% do açúcar total) como principal açúcar, seguida pela frutose (30%) e glicose (21%). Os carotenóides, que estão diretamente ligados à cor laranja característica, apresentaram teor total de 270,59 µg/g (peso seco). Além disso, o maior valor de b* comparado ao valor de a* indica a maior contribuição da cor amarela. Quanto ao potencial antioxidante, além de apresentar capacidade antioxidante para ambos os métodos aplicados, DPPH e FRAP, níveis variando de 16,40 ± 0,21 µmol equivalente de ácido ascórbico/g a 56,98 ± 0,80 µmol equivalente de Trolox/g (peso seco) foram encontrados nos extratos de melão. Ademais, os resultados foram maiores em termos de FRAP do que em DPPH. Desta forma, os resultados destacam os melões avaliados como fontes valiosas de compostos bioativos, como carotenóides e fenólicos, que contribuem para suas propriedades antioxidantes. Além disso, análises de cor, pH e teor de sólidos solúveis totais também refletem os atributos de qualidade. RESUMO econômico refrescante Portanto importância brasileiro 65 6 5 6, 030 0 30 0,3 92 9 2 9, 080 80 0,8 g100 100 g/10 peso fresco, fresco , fresco) respectivamente 49% 49 (49 30% (30% 21%. 21 21% . (21%) característica 27059 270 59 270,5 µgg µg seco. seco disso b amarela aplicados 1640 16 40 16,4 021 0,2 ascórbicog ascórbico 5698 56 98 56,9 Troloxg Trolox Ademais forma bioativos fenólicos antioxidantes 03 3 0, 08 8 g10 10 g/1 4 (4 (30 (21% 2705 27 270, 164 1 16, 02 569 56, g1 g/ ( (3 (21 (2

ABSTRACT: Orange-fleshed non-netted honeydew melon has high nutritional and economic potential, being widely appreciated as a refreshing sweet fruit. Therefore, evaluating commercial samples of such relevant products for the fresh fruit market is of great importance. This study investigated the antioxidant capacity, quality parameters, and chemical composition of honeydew melons from the Brazilian market. The values of pH and °Brix determined for melon samples were 6.5 ± 0.30 and 9.2 ± 0.80 g/100 g (fresh weight), respectively, which agree with the results expected for high-quality melons. The chromatography analysis revealed sucrose (49% of total sugar) as the main sugar, followed by fructose (30%) and glucose (21%). Carotenoids, which are directly linked to the characteristic orange color, showed a total level of 270.59 µg/g (dry weight). Additionally, the higher b* value compared to a* value indicates the highest yellow contribution. Regarding the antioxidant assays, in addition to presenting antioxidant capacity for both methods applied, DPPH and FRAP, levels ranging from 16.40 ± 0.21 µmol ascorbic acid equivalent/g to 56.98 ± 0.80 µmol Trolox equivalent/g (dry weight) were reported in melon extracts. Moreover, the results were higher in terms of FRAP than DPPH. Therefore, the results underscore the evaluated honeydew melons as valuable sources of bioactive compounds, such as carotenoids and phenolics, which contribute to their antioxidant properties. Besides, analyses of color, pH, and total soluble solids content also reflect the quality attributes. ABSTRACT Orangefleshed Orange fleshed nonnetted non netted potential Therefore importance parameters Brix 65 6 5 6. 030 0 30 0.3 92 9 2 9. 080 80 0.8 g100 100 g/10 weight, weight , respectively highquality 49% 49 (49 sugar 30% (30% 21%. 21 21% . (21%) Carotenoids color 27059 270 59 270.5 µgg µg dry weight. Additionally b contribution assays applied 1640 16 40 16.4 021 0.2 equivalentg equivalent 5698 56 98 56.9 extracts Moreover compounds phenolics properties Besides attributes 03 3 0. 08 8 g10 10 g/1 4 (4 (30 (21% 2705 27 270. 164 1 16. 02 569 56. g1 g/ ( (3 (21 (2

Abstract Introduction: Nursing staffing in adult intensive care has been at a ratio of two patients per nurse or one patient for one nurse. Currently, patients require complex and specialized care that provides safety and reduces Healthcare-Associated Infections. Objective: Evidencing the importance of equipping nursing personnel according to the severity of the patient compared to the nurse-patient ratio in order to reduce Healthcare-Associated Infections in patients in the adult intensive care unit. Methodology: This is a systematic review based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, conducted from September 2021 to March 2022. The databases PubMed, ScienceDirect, Epistemonikos and CUIDEN were used, and the following terms were utilized, i.e., nursing personnel, patient severity, nurse-patient ratio, healthcare-associated infections, and the Boolean operators AND, OR, and WITH. The sample consisted of 8 studies that were assessed using the Critical Reading Cards (FLC 3.0) and graded according to the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Results: Staffing according to patient severity compared to the nurse-patient indicator reduced healthcare-associated infections, mortality, sepsis occurrence, and medication errors. The impact on patients and nursing personnel showed improved quality of care and reduced burnout and work stress, which benefited the patient. Conclusion: It is important to provide nursing personnel according to the severity of the patient and with personnel having an academic level of at least a bachelor's degree in order to improve the quality of care and reduce healthcare-associated infections.

Abstrato Introdução: A equipe de enfermagem na terapia intensiva de adultos tem estado em uma proporção de dois pacientes para um enfermeiro ou um paciente para um enfermeiro. Atualmente, os pacientes que chegam exigem cuidados complexos e especializados que ofereçam segurança e reduzam as infecções associadas à assistência à saúde. Objetivo: Demonstrar a importância do dimensionamento do pessoal de enfermagem de acordo com a gravidade do paciente em comparação com o indicador enfermeiro-paciente, para reduzir as infecções associadas à assistência à saúde em pacientes adultos internados em unidades de terapia intensiva. Metodologia: Revisão sistemática com base nas diretrizes do Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, realizada entre setembro de 2021 e março de 2022, mediante os bancos de dados PubMed, ScienceDirect, Epistemonikos e CUIDEN, e usando os seguintes termos: pessoal de enfermagem, gravidade do paciente, relação enfermeiro-paciente, infecções associadas à assistência à saúde, operadores AND, OR, WITH. A amostra consistiu em 8 estudos, avaliados usando os programas Critical Reading Card e classificados de acordo com o Instituto Nacional de Excelência em Saúde e Cuidados. Resultados: O dimensionamento de profissionais de acordo com a gravidade do paciente, em comparação com o indicador enfermeiro-paciente, reduziu as infecções associadas à assistência à saúde, mortalidade, ocorrência de sepse e erros de medicação. O impacto sobre os pacientes e o pessoal de enfermagem mostrou uma melhor qualidade de atendimento, redução do esgotamento e do estresse no trabalho, o que beneficiou o paciente. Conclusão: É importante fornecer pessoal de enfermagem de acordo com a gravidade do paciente e com pessoal com nível acadêmico de, no mínimo, bacharelado, a fim de melhorar a qualidade do atendimento e reduzir as infecções associadas à assistência à saúde.

Resumen Introducción: Dotar al personal de enfermería en la terapia intensiva adultos ha sido en proporción dos pacientes por enfermera o 1:1. Actualmente, los pacientes que ingresan requieren cuidados complejos y especializados que proporcionen seguridad y disminución de infecciones asociadas a la atención en salud. Objetivo: Evidenciar la importancia de dotar al personal de enfermería según gravedad del paciente comparado con indicador enfermera-paciente para disminuir infecciones asociadas a la atención en salud en pacientes de la unidad de terapia intensiva adultos. Metodología: Revisión sistemática, basada en la declaración Preferred Reporting Items for Sistematyc Reviews and Meta-analyses, realizada en septiembre 2021 a marzo 2022, se utilizaron las bases de datos PubMed, ScienceDirect, Epistemonikos y CUIDEN, empleando términos: personal de enfermería, gravedad del paciente, relación enfermero-paciente, infecciones asociadas a la atención a la salud, operadores boléanos AND, OR, WITH. La muestra fue de 8 estudios, evaluados mediante los programas de Fichas de Lectura Crítica y gradados según el National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Resultados: Dotar de personal según gravedad del paciente comparado con indicador enfermera-paciente disminuyó infecciones asociadas a la atención en salud, mortalidad, aparición de sepsis y errores en la medicación. Las repercusiones en pacientes y personal de enfermería mostraron mejor calidad de la atención, disminución de agotamiento y estrés laboral lo que benefició al paciente. Conclusión: Es importante dotar al personal de enfermería según gravedad del paciente, con personal de nivel académico licenciatura para mejorar la calidad de atención y disminuir las infecciones asociadas a la atención en salud.

Summary: The fraction of vegetation cover (FVC) and the Leaf Area Index (LAI) are biophysical variables closely related to the evapotranspiration rate of crops and their biomass production. Despite their importance, they are usually not measured directly due to their time-consuming and costly nature; however, they can be estimated on a large scale and near-real-time using spectral information captured in satellite images, although this requires prior validation at the field level. Simple linear regression models were developed and validated using 13 vegetation indices (VI) related to LAI and FCV in alfalfa (Medicago sativa). Three spectral information sources were used: (i) reflectance to derive the VI; (ii) digital photographs processed with the Canopeo application to estimate FVC; and (iii) direct LAI measurements using a ceptometer. Six field samples were taken between March and June, 2020 in four alfalfa plots located in Palmar de Bravo, Puebla, Mexico. To evaluate each VI, the determination coefficient (R2) and the root mean square error (RMSE) were used. We found that the most suitable VI for estimating FVC was the VIgreen (Green Vegetation Index, R2 =0.987 and RMSE = 0.093). For the LAI, the VI that performed best was the NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, R2 = 0.935 and RMSE = 0.746). The results showed the suitability and practical utility of spectral information for estimating biophysical variables in alfalfa cultivation and their monitoring.

Resumen: La fracción de cobertura vegetal (FCV) y el índice de área foliar (IAF) son variables biofísicas relacionadas estrechamente con la tasa de evapotranspiración de los cultivos y su producción de biomasa. A pesar de su importancia, usualmente no se miden de manera directa debido al tiempo invertido y costo; sin embargo, se pueden estimar a gran escala y en tiempo casi real mediante información espectral captada en imágenes de satélite, pero esto requiere de su validación a nivel de campo. Se desarrollaron y validaron modelos de regresión lineal simple utilizando 13 índices de vegetación (IV) relacionados con el IAF y la FCV en alfalfa (Medicago sativa). Se usaron tres fuentes de información espectral: (i) La reflectancia para derivar los IV; (ii) fotografías digitales procesadas con Canopeo para estimar la FCV; y (iii) mediciones del IAF utilizando un ceptómetro. Se realizaron seis muestreos de campo entre marzo y junio de 2020, en cuatro parcelas de alfalfa situadas en Palmar de Bravo, Puebla, México. Para evaluar cada IV, se utilizó el coeficiente de determinación (R2) y la raíz del cuadrado medio del error (RCME). Se encontró que el IV más apropiado para estimar la FCV fue el VIgreen (Green Vegetation Index, R2 = 0.987 y RCME = 0.093). En el caso del IAF, el IV que presentó el mejor desempeño fue el Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), R2 = 0.935 y RCME = 0.746). Los resultados mostraron la aptitud y utilidad práctica de la información espectral para estimar las variables biofísicas en el cultivo de alfalfa y su monitoreo.

Resumen Introducción: los fisioterapeutas y fonoaudiólogos como profesionales de la salud generan impacto en el rol educativo realizando acciones dentro de sus competencias de detección temprana y oportuna de las alteraciones que se presentan frecuentemente en educación inicial y preescolar a nivel de los procesos motores y comunicativos. Objetivo: realizar una reflexión sobre el rol del fisioterapeuta y el fonoaudiólogo en la educación inicial y preescolar de niños en Colombia. Reflexión: es necesaria la inclusión de los fisioterapeutas y los fonoaudiólogos en el sector educativo, formando grupos interdisciplinares en conjunto con los docentes, familias, e instituciones educativas con el fin de impactar positivamente en el bienestar comunicativo y desarrollo motor de la población que se encuentra en educación inicial y preescolar. Conclusión: se resalta la importancia de incluir a los fisioterapeutas y fonoaudiólogos en el equipo interdisciplinar en el sector educativo, con el fin de abordar de manera temprana las dificultades que puedan generarse a nivel comunicativo y en el desarrollo motor.

Abstract Introduction: Health professionals such as physiotherapists and speech therapists, within their competences, generate an impact on the educational role by carrying out early and opportune detection actions of the alterations that frequently occur in initial and preschool education at the level of motor and communication processes. Objective: To make a reflection on the role of the physiotherapist and speech therapist in the initial and preschool education of children in Colombia. Reflection: It is important to highlight and recognize the importance of including physiotherapists and speech therapists in the education sector in such a way that it can impact the population that is in initial and preschool education, forming interdisciplinary groups together with teachers, families, and schools, to impact the communicative well-being and motor development. Conclusion: When making the reflection, the importance of including physiotherapists and speech therapists in the interdisciplinary team of the educational sector is highlighted, to approach the difficulties that may be generated at the communicative level and in motor development in an early stage.

Resumen El Valle de Comayagua en Honduras, ubicado en las coordenadas 14˚38’44.73” N y 87˚38’04.90” O, destaca por su altitud de 630 metros sobre el nivel del mar y su extensión de 52 km de largo por 15 km de ancho, abarcando 535 km². Carece de estudios que aborden su unidad territorial y geomorfológica. La investigación busca identificar y analizar la forma y elementos físicos naturales mediante el uso de Sistemas de Información Geográfica, trazando ríos, elaborando modelos de elevación digital y creando perfiles topográficos. Los resultados revelan elementos clave para comprender la ocupación y uso del territorio.

Resumo O Vale de Comayagua em Honduras, localizado nas coordenadas 14˚38’44.73” N e 87˚38’04.90” O, destaca-se por sua altitude de 630 metros acima do nível do mar e sua extensão de 52 km de comprimento por 15 km de largura, abrangendo 535 km². Carece de estudos que abordem sua unidade territorial e geomorfológica. A pesquisa busca identificar e analisar a forma e os elementos físicos naturais por meio do uso de Sistemas de Informação Geográfica, traçando rios, elaborando modelos de elevação digital e criando perfis topográficos. Os resultados revelam elementos-chave para compreender a ocupação e o uso do território.

Abstract The Comayagua Valley in Honduras, located at coordinates 14˚38’44.73” N and 87˚38’04.90” W, stands out for its altitude of 630 meters above sea level and its dimensions of 52 km in length by 15 km in width, covering an area of 535 km². Despite its economic and connectivity importance, there is a lack of studies addressing its territorial and geomorphological unity and a characterization of its current territorial morphology. The objective of the research is to identify and analyze the shape and natural physical elements that define the Comayagua Valley. To achieve this, Geographic Information Systems tools were used to analyze river layouts, create a digital elevation model, and generate topographic profiles. The main results of this analysis reveal the natural physical elements that shape the valley, which are of vital geo-historical importance for understanding the processes of occupation and land use in the valley.

Abstract Introduction: This experimental study focuses on the cognitive development of children and its association with nutrition. The semantic associations of boys and girls aged 6-13 years from nine different cities in Colombia (N = 454) were analyzed. Method: The design is exploratory and descriptive correlational cross-sectional. The study utilized a discrete free association task, instructing participants to respond to a critical word with the first five words that came to mind. The task covered 100 Spanish food words and 20 brands of food products. Results: J-values are presented by age, socioeconomic status, gender and grade level. The identification of significant similarities (p-value < .001) between the distributions of critical words and the most frequently emitted (f), highlighted the hedonic influence on children’s food preferences, identifying 20 frequent descriptors of pleasure or hedonic topics in food consumption, with terms such as sweet (f = 234) and rich (f = 104) standing out. Conclusions: The study observed a population misinterpretation of the concept healthy (f = 52) in relation to food. The analysis of semantic associations for the top 20 infant food brands, supported by Jaccard’s index, revealed ten significant connections for each brand. These findings suggest important implications for understanding organoleptic food and product learning processes in childhood. The study emphasizes the importance of addressing hedonic perceptions and fostering a more precise understanding of health-related concepts within the realm of children’s dietary preferences.

Resumen Introducción: Este estudio experimental, centrado en el desarrollo cognitivo infantil y su relación con la nutrición, analizó las asociaciones semánticas de niños y niñas de nueve diferentes ciudades en Colombia con edades comprendidas entre 6 y 13 años (N = 454). Método: Esta investigación tiene un diseño exploratorio, descriptivo correlacional transeccional, basado en una tarea de asociación libre discreta, que consistió en instruir a los participantes para que respondieran a una palabra crítica con las cinco primeras palabras que pensaran, abarcando 100 palabras de alimentos en español y 20 marcas de productos alimenticios. Resultados: Se muestra el valor J por edad, estrato socioeconómico, género y grado académico. Las similitudes significativas (p-value < .001) entre las distribuciones de palabras críticas y las emitidas con mayor frecuencia (f) destacaron la influencia hedónica en las preferencias alimenticias de los niños. En efecto, se identificaron 20 descriptores frecuentes del placer o tópicos hedónicos en el consumo de alimentos, sobresaliendo términos como dulce (f =234) y rico (f = 104). Conclusiones: Se observó una interpretación errónea de la población sobre el significado del concepto saludable (f = 52) en relación con la alimentación. El análisis de las asociaciones semánticas para las 20 principales marcas de alimentos infantiles, respaldado por el índice de Jaccard, proporcionó diez conexiones significativas por cada marca. Estos hallazgos sugieren implicaciones importantes para entender los procesos de aprendizaje organoléptico de alimentos y productos en la infancia, subrayando la necesidad de abordar las percepciones hedónicas y promover una comprensión más precisa de los conceptos relacionados con la salud en el contexto alimentario infantil.

Abstract Background: Mangroves are communities whose structure expresses patterns according to the coastal landforms in which they develop. Questions: Is there a structural variation of mangroves among landforms and regions of the South Pacific? What is the effect of the geomorphological-regional factor on the structure of mangroves? What is the level of consistency of mangrove structure within each analyzed landform and region? Data description: Basal area, height, density, complexity index, and importance value. Study site: Mangroves from 39 systems in five hydrological regions in the states of Guerrero, Oaxaca, and Chiapas, Mexico. Methods: The structural classification of mangroves was carried out considering the landform (inlet, estuary, lagoon) and the hydrological region. Correlations were used to assess their relationship with salinity and water recharge, and multivariate techniques were employed to identify differences between factors and clustering patterns. Results: Density and basal area correlated positively with water recharge, and it was found that mangrove density and complexity varied significantly among landforms and regions, while basal area and height were affected by landform and region. Discrete groups of variables in ordinations were not evident, with greater structural variability of mangroves found by hydrological region rather than landform. Conclusions: There is structural variation in mangroves among landforms and regions of the South Pacific; however, the variation in basal area, height, and density is low, resulting in consistency when compared across hydrological regions.

Resumen Antecedentes: Los manglares son comunidades cuya estructura expresa patrones de acuerdo a las geoformas costeras en las que se desarrollan. Preguntas: ¿Existe una variación estructural de los manglares entre geoformas y regiones del Pacífico sur? ¿Cuál es el efecto del factor geomórfico-regional sobre la estructura de los manglares? ¿Cuál es el nivel de consistencia de la estructura de los manglares entre cada geoforma y región analizada? Descripción de datos: Área basal, altura, densidad, índice de complejidad y valor de importancia. Sitio de estudio: Manglares de 39 sistemas de cinco regiones hidrológicas en los estados de Guerrero, Oaxaca y Chiapas, México. Métodos: La clasificación estructural de los manglares se realizó considerando la geoforma (bocana, estero, estuario, laguna) y la región hidrológica. Se emplearon correlaciones para evaluar su relación con la salinidad y la recarga hídrica; y técnicas multivariadas para identificar diferencias entre los factores y patrones de agrupación. Resultados: La densidad y el área basal se correlacionaron positivamente con la recarga hídrica, y se encontró que la densidad y la complejidad del manglar variaron significativamente entre geoformas y regiones; mientras que el área basal y la altura fueron afectadas por geoforma y región. Los grupos discretos de las variables en las ordenaciones no resultó evidente, encontrándose mayor variabilidad estructural de los manglares por región hidrológica que por geoforma. Conclusiones: Existe variación estructural en los manglares entre geoformas y regiones del Pacífico sur, sin embargo, la variación del área basal, altura y densidad es baja, resultando consistente al compararse entre regiones hidrológicas.

ABSTRACT Agricultural cooperatives in Chile have not consolidated at the level of other OECD countries, developing in a spatially heterogeneous way in the country. To understand the territorial consolidation of agricultural cooperatives, this paper aims to analyze the patterns of spatial location of agricultural cooperatives in Chile and to identify whether there are clusters of agricultural cooperatives over Economic Importance (EI) organizations. To achieve this, non-spatial (cluster analysis and location analysis) and spatial (Moran index and spatial correlation analysis) clustering tools were used to determine the spatial dependence of the concentration of agricultural cooperatives in Chile. The results indicate the existence of productive cooperative clusters in the regions of Los Ríos and Coquimbo centered on EI cooperatives. Additionally, they also suggest a positive correlation between EI cooperatives and cooperative nuclei at the regional level.

RESUMEN El cooperativismo agrícola en Chile no está consolidado al nivel que se encuentra en otros países de la OCDE, habiéndose desarrollado de forma espacialmente heterogénea en el país. Para conocer la consolidación territorial del cooperativismo agrícola en Chile, este trabajo se propone analizar los patrones de localización espacial de las cooperativas agrícolas en el país e identificar si sobre las cooperativas de Importancia Económica (IE) existen clústeres cooperativos agrícolas que las engloben. En este marco se han utilizado herramientas de agrupamiento no espacial –análisis de conglomerado y análisis de localización) y espacial (índice de Moran y análisis de correlación espacial–, para determinar la dependencia espacial en la concentración del cooperativismo agrícola en Chile. Los resultados indican la existencia de clústeres productivos cooperativos en las regiones de Los Ríos y Coquimbo, centrados en cooperativas de IE. Adicionalmente, sugieren una correlación positiva entre cooperativas de IE y los núcleos cooperativos a nivel regional.

Abstract: This article highlights the importance of non-traditional citizen organizations in urban development processes within the framework of a new territorial governance structure in La Araucanía. It recognizes the emergence of new forms of citizen organization as actors with deliberative potential, involved in the most diverse problems within their communities. The article analyzes new forms of participation that are not currently addressed in existing territorial planning instruments. Likewise, the article sought to address three specific objectives, including: (i) mapping non-traditional citizen organizations in relation to their interests, experiences and/or local demands; (ii) analyzing the organizational and participatory trajectories of the new citizen organizations; and (iii) describing the functioning of current forms of participation promoted by non-traditional citizen organizations and the inclusion of these (forms) in current planning instruments. The study, which employs a qualitative approach, concludes that citizen organizations play a key role in various spaces/territories. Likewise, the current scenario on citizen participation within the framework of territorial planning instruments does not respond to the real needs of the affected/intervened communities and territories. This has led to the emergence of two distinct conceptions or perspectives of citizen participation that are not aligned, do not dialogue, also evidencing serious limitations and deficiencies in the process. It is suggested to move towards instances of joint deliberation at the local level that help enrich the debate and legitimize projects in the context of territorial governance in line with current times.

Resumen: Este artículo releva la importancia de las organizaciones ciudadanas no tradicionales en los procesos de desarrollo urbano en el marco de una nueva gobernanza territorial en La Araucanía, en el que se reconoce la irrupción de nuevas formas de organización ciudadana como actores con potencial deliberativo involucrados en las más diversas problemáticas de su entorno. El artículo analiza las nuevas formas de participación no contempladas en los instrumentos de planificación territorial actuales. Asimismo, el artículo buscó dar cuenta a tres objetivos específicos, como: (i) realizar un mapeo de las organizaciones ciudadanas no tradicionales en relación a sus intereses, experiencias y/o demandas locales; (ii) analizar las trayectorias organizativas y participativas de las nuevas organizaciones ciudadanas; y (iii) describir el funcionamiento de las formas actuales de participación impulsadas por organizaciones ciudadanas no tradicionales y la inclusión de estas (formas) en los instrumentos actuales de planificación. Mediante un enfoque cualitativo, el estudio concluye que las organizaciones ciudadanas ocupan un rol clave en los diversos espacios/territorios. Así también que el actual escenario sobre participación ciudadana -en el marco de los instrumentos de planificación territorial-, no da respuesta a las necesidades reales de las comunidades y territorios afectados/intervenidos consolidándose la existencia de dos concepciones/perspectivas de participación ciudadana que no convergen, no dialogan, evidenciando, además, serias limitaciones y deficiencias en el proceso. Se sugiere avanzar hacia instancias de deliberación conjunta a nivel local que ayuden a enriquecer el debate y legitimar los proyectos en el contexto de una gobernanza territorial acorde a los tiempos actuales.

Resumen Los estudiantes universitarios comúnmente se ven sometidos a situaciones estresantes que repercuten directa e indirectamente en el desarrollo de conductas saludables. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo determinar la influencia del estrés académico sobre la conducta de salud en los estudiantes de un centro universitario de Lima Metropolitana. Se realizó un estudio no experimental, cuantitativo y correlacional, en donde se aplicó el Cuestionario de Conductas de Salud en Jóvenes Universitarios (CEV-JU) y el Inventario SISCO-21 de estrés académico, a 708 estudiantes. Los resultados mostraron que los síntomas de estrés, las estrategias de afrontamiento y los estresores se asociaron significativamente con la conducta de salud a nivel general y algunas dimensiones. Asimismo, se halló que los predictores de los resultados más significativos de la conducta de salud fueron las estrategias de afrontamiento y las dimensiones de síntomas. Esto muestra la importancia de diseñar y aplicar programas e intervenciones dirigidas a gestionar adecuadamente el estrés para fomentar hábitos saludables en los universitarios.

Abstract University students are commonly subjected to stressful situations that have a direct and indirect impact on the development of healthy behaviors. This research aims to determine the influence of academic stress on health behavior in students at a university center in Metropolitan Lima. A non-experimental, quantitative and correlational study was carried out, where the Health Behavior Questionnaire in Young University Students (CEV-JU) and the SISCO-21 Inventory of academic stress were applied to 708 students. The results showed that stress symptoms, coping strategies and stressors were significantly associated with health behavior at a general level and some dimensions. Likewise, it was found that the predictors of the most significant health behavior outcomes were coping strategies and symptom dimensions. This shows the importance of designing and applying programs and interventions aimed at adequately managing stress to promote healthy habits in university students.

Resumen La desnutrición infantil constituye un desafío de gran importancia en el ámbito de la salud pública. El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar la influencia de los factores sociales y culturales en el estado nutricional en niños menores ecuatorianos de 2 años, en la ciudad de Portoviejo, Provincia de Manabí, durante el año 2023. Se realizó una investigación prospectiva, descriptiva, transversal y observacional. La población pediátrica incluyó 169 menores de dos años, cuyas madres proporcionaron los datos pertinentes. Los factores sociales predominantes fue el nivel educativo del cuidador del niño comprendida entre 7 a 12 años de estudios con la presencia de casos de desnutrición crónica en un 83,9%; además, la limitada contribución financiera del progenitor para la alimentación del infante con casos de desnutrición aguda en un 88,6%. Dentro de los factores culturales, se encontró que los niños con esquema de vacunación incompleto presentaban desnutrición crónica con un 88,7%, la falta de los controles prenatales, al igual que la inasistencia al primer control prenatal antes del quinto mes con casos de desnutrición aguda en un 95,5%; además, se evidenció que la estimulación para la ingesta de alimentos y la falta de práctica de la lactancia materna exclusiva con la presencia de desnutrición crónica en los menores, con un 98,4% y un 96,8%, respectivamente. En este entorno, el estado nutricional de mayor tendencia fue la desnutrición crónica con un 34,3%. Además, se identificó una asociación significativa de relación de dependencia (p<0,05) entre los factores sociales, culturales y el estado nutricional.

Abstract Child malnutrition constitutes a challenge of great importance in the field of public health. The objective of the research was to evaluate the influence of social and cultural factors on the nutritional status in Ecuadorian children under 2 years of age in the city of Portoviejo, Province of Manabí, during the year 2023. A prospective, descriptive, crooss-sectional and observational research was carried. The pediatric population included 169 children under two years of age, whose mothers provided the relevant data. The predominant social factors were the educational level of the child's caregiver, ranging from 7 to 12 years of education, with the presence of cases of chronic malnutrition in 83.9%; in addition, the limited financial contribution of the parent to feeding the infant with cases of acute malnutrition in 88.6%. Within the cultural factors, it was found that children with an incomplete vaccination presented chronic malnutrition with 88.7%, the lack of prenatal check-ups, as well as non-attendance at the first prenatal check-up before the fifth month with cases of malnutrition acute in 95.5%; Furthermore, it was evidenced that the stimulation of food intake and the lack of practice of exclusive breastfeeding with the presence of chronic malnutrition in minors, with 98.4% and 96.8%, respectively. In this environment, the most trending nutritional status was chronic malnutrition with 34.3%. In addition, a significant association of dependency relationship (p<0.05) was identified between social and cultural factors and nutritional status.

BACKGROUND: There was a need to investigate the appropriateness of the standard manual wheelchairfor occupational performance in Thulamela Municipality Vhembe District, Limpopo. METHODS: An observational cross-sectional descriptive design using simple random sampling was used to select n=60 wheelchair users who were issued with standard manual wheelchairs between 2014 and 2018. The Wheelchair Outcome Measure was used to investigate the participants' level of satisfaction in engagement in ADL and IADL and the suitability of the wheelchair in terms of the user's comfort and satisfaction with positioning and prevention of skin breakdown. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data. RESULTS: The wheelchair users viewed activity participation in the home as important and were generally satisfied with their standard manual wheelchairs while performing occupational activities at home and outside the home. A total of (n=46; 78%) of the participants felt comfortable in their wheelchair. CONCLUSIONS: Wheelchair prescription should take into consideration the occupational choices of the user. Further qualitative studies to explore the factors that determined the participants' choices for their activity participation goals should be undertaken. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE • Training of new occupational therapy staff in each facility in the Thulamela district to equip them with the skills to prescribe wheelchairs is necessary. • The level of importance that wheelchair participants attached to level of importance of activity participation inside and outside the home was high therefore there is a need to consider the client's occupational choices when prescribing wheelchairs. • The wheelchair needs to facilitate participation in a wide range of occupational choices ranging from self-care activities and watching TV in the home to visiting friends and family and attending events outside the home.

Abstract Background Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of hospitalization and mortality worldwide and places a great economic burden on healthcare systems. Identification of prognostic factors in HF patients is of great importance to establish optimal management strategies and to avoid unnecessary invasive and costly procedures in end-stage patients. Objectives In the current study, we aimed to investigate the association between diastolic strain parameters including E/e’ SR, and short-term outcomes in advanced HF patients. Methods The population study included 116 advanced HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) patients. Clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic evaluations of the patients were performed within the first 24 hours of hospital admission. Patients were followed for one month and any re-hospitalization due to worsening of HF symptoms and any mortality was recorded. The level of significance adopted in the statistical analysis was 5%. Results E/e’ SR was significantly higher in the patient group compared to the control group (p=0.001). During one-month follow-up, 13.8% of patients died and 37.1% of patients were rehospitalized. Serum NT-ProBNP (p=0.034) and E/e’ SR (p=0.033) were found to be independent predictors of mortality and ACEİ use (p=0.027) and apical 3C strain (p=0.011) were found to be independent predictors of rehospitalization in the patient group. Conclusion Findings of the current prospective study demonstrate that E/e’ SR measured by speckle tracking echocardiography is an independent and sensitive predictor of short-term mortality in advanced HFrEF patients and may have a role in the identification of end-stage HFrEF patients. (HF systems endstage end stage E/e Ee E e shortterm short term 11 (HFrEF Clinical laboratory 2 admission re recorded 5 5% p=0.001. p0001 p p=0.001 . 0 001 (p=0.001) onemonth followup, followup follow up, up follow-up 138 13 8 13.8 371 37 1 37.1 rehospitalized NTProBNP NT ProBNP p=0.034 p0034 034 (p=0.034 p=0.033 p0033 033 (p=0.033 p=0.027 p0027 027 (p=0.027 C p=0.011 p0011 011 (p=0.011 p000 p=0.00 00 (p=0.001 13. 3 37. p=0.03 p003 03 (p=0.03 p=0.02 p002 02 (p=0.02 p=0.01 p001 01 (p=0.01 p00 p=0.0 (p=0.00 (p=0.0 p0 p=0. (p=0. p=0 (p=0 p= (p= (p

Resumo Fundamento A insuficiência cardíaca é uma das principais causas de hospitalização e mortalidade em todo o mundo e representa um grande fardo económico para os sistemas de saúde. A identificação de fatores prognósticos em pacientes com IC é de grande importância para estabelecer estratégias de manejo ideais e evitar procedimentos invasivos e dispendiosos desnecessários em pacientes em estágio terminal. Objetivos No presente estudo, nosso objetivo foi investigar a associação entre parâmetros de strain diastólico, incluindo E/e’ SR, e resultados de curto prazo em pacientes com IC avançada. Métodos O estudo populacional incluiu 116 pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca avançada com fração de ejeção reduzida (ICFEr) avançada. Avaliações clínicas, laboratoriais e ecocardiográficas dos pacientes foram realizadas nas primeiras 24 horas de internação. Os pacientes foram acompanhados por um mês e qualquer reinternação por piora dos sintomas de IC e qualquer mortalidade foi registrada. O nível de significância adotado na análise estatística foi de 5%. Resultados A E/e’ SR foi significativamente maior no grupo de pacientes em comparação ao grupo controle (p=0,001). Durante o acompanhamento de um mês, 13,8% dos pacientes morreram e 37,1% dos pacientes foram reinternados. NT-ProBNP sérico (p=0,034) e E/e’ SR (p=0,033) foram considerados preditores independentes de mortalidade e o uso de IECA (p=0,027) e strain 3C apical (p=0,011) foram considerados independentes preditores de reinternação no grupo de pacientes. Conclusão Os resultados do presente estudo prospectivo demonstram que a E/e’ SR medida pela ecocardiografia com speckle tracking é um preditor independente e sensível de mortalidade em curto prazo em pacientes com ICFEr avançada e pode ter um papel na identificação de pacientes com ICFEr em estágio terminal. saúde terminal diastólico E/e Ee E 11 (ICFEr clínicas 2 internação registrada 5 5% p=0,001. p0001 p p=0,001 . 0 001 (p=0,001) 138 13 8 13,8 371 37 1 37,1 reinternados NTProBNP NT ProBNP p=0,034 p0034 034 (p=0,034 p=0,033 p0033 033 (p=0,033 p=0,027 p0027 027 (p=0,027 C p=0,011 p0011 011 (p=0,011 p000 p=0,00 00 (p=0,001 13, 3 37, p=0,03 p003 03 (p=0,03 p=0,02 p002 02 (p=0,02 p=0,01 p001 01 (p=0,01 p00 p=0,0 (p=0,00 (p=0,0 p0 p=0, (p=0, p=0 (p=0 p= (p= (p

The provision of political goods and governance in marginalised local communities, located in Cape Town, South Africa, during the national lockdown periods (due to the COVID-19 pandemic) is described. The focus is on an African city, drawing attention to the growing importance of urban governance on the continent. Rapid urbanisation and emergency periods (such as the pandemic) are adding to the complexity of the urban space. This study found that communities in the city relied mostly on themselves for the provision of goods, and that the provision of security remains a critical political good, informing governance. However, the findings confront literature on a hierarchy of political goods, in which security is at the apex. In the given context, the sequence of the provision of goods changes to a non-hierarchical process. The fulfilment of other political goods will facilitate improved provision of security. Good governance needs to be informed by an integrated approach to, and the synchronous fulfilment of, political goods. SIGNIFICANCE: • During times of emergencies, already marginalised urban communities experience greater political neglect and are left to protect themselves and to provide for each other. • These communities experience desertion across the spectrum of political goods. • Resilience in such communities needs to be improved through good governing principles. • Although optimal local level governance relies heavily on the provision of security, the importance of the provision of education, employment, political freedom, housing, and health services (to mention a few) requires renewed attention.

Internationally, there has been a push for the prioritisation of research impact beyond its scholarly contribution. Traditionally, research impact assessments have focused on academic impact and quantitative measures, at the expense of researchers for whom research impact cannot be quantified. Bibliometric indicators and other quantitative measures are still the most widely used method for evaluating research impact because these measures are easy to use and provide a quick solution for evaluators. Conversely, metric indicators fail to capture important dimensions of high-quality research. Hence, in this study, we explored challenges with metric indicators. We adopted a case study of the University of Cape Town and used document analysis, a questionnaire survey to collect data from academics and researchers, as well as semi-structured interviews with a sample of academic and research staff. The findings highlight common challenges with quantitative measures, such as bias and discipline coverage, and the ability of measures to drive researchers' behaviour in another direction. We propose the adoption of responsible research metrics and assessment in South African higher education institutions for more inclusive and equitable research impact assessments. SIGNIFICANCE: • The study highlights the importance of understanding the challenges and influence of current measures used for assessing research impact in higher education institutions. • There is a need for higher education leaders, policymakers and funders to advocate and support responsible metrics. • Higher education leaders, funders and policymakers need to collaborate at the national level to initiate and support research assessment reform.