ABSTRACT Purpose: We reported, as a referral center in prostate cancer, our perspectives and experience performing Telesurgery using robotic surgery and 5G network. Material and methods: We described and illustrated the Telesurgery applications and outcomes to treat a patient with prostate cancer located 1300 kilometers away from the surgeon (Beijing-Harbin) in China. We used the Edge Medical Robot (MP1000) in November 2023 in a 71-year-old patient with Gleason 6 (ISUP 1) in 8 cores from 13, PSA of 14 ng/dL, and clinical stage cT2a. MRI described a PIRADS 5 nodule on the left peripheral zone at the base, and 20gr prostate. We described details about the connection between centers, perioperative outcomes, and our perspectives as a referral center in prostate cancer. Results: We had no delays, or problems with network connection between the centers. The procedure was performed in 60 minutes, with no intra- or postoperative complications. Estimated blood loss was 100 mL. The patient was ambulating soon after anesthesia recovery. Final pathology described a Gleason 6 (ISUP 1) involving the left base and left seminal vesicle, negative surgical margins, and no lymph node involvement (pT3bN0). The patient was continent soon after catheter removal (7 days). Conclusion: As technological progress introduced novel robotic platforms and high-speed networks, the concept of Telesurgery became a tangible reality while 5G technology solved latency and transmission concerns. However, with these advancements, ethical considerations and regulatory frameworks should underline the importance of transparency and patient safety with responsible innovation in the field. Purpose reported G methods 130 BeijingHarbin Beijing Harbin (Beijing-Harbin China MP1000 MP (MP1000 202 71yearold yearold 71 year old ISUP 1 13 ngdL ng dL ng/dL cT2a cTa cT gr centers Results delays minutes intra complications 10 mL recovery vesicle margins pT3bN0. pT3bN0 pTbN . pT bN (pT3bN0) 7 ( days. days days) Conclusion highspeed high speed networks concerns However advancements field MP100 (MP100 20 pT3bN (pT3bN0 MP10 (MP10 2 (pT3bN MP1 (MP1 (MP

Abstract Introduction: Despite sensory enrichment being critical for ensuring the well-being of captive wild animals, smells are not being included in enrichment protocols for birds. For this group, neophobia can be a problem when it comes to implementing new enrichment devices. Objective: To explore how participation in an olfactory enrichment and latency times varies between bird taxonomic groups (Amazona spp. / Ara spp. / Ramphastos spp.). Methods: We exposed 257 birds to a scent enrichment, and we recorded which individuals engaged with it and the time they took to interact with it. Results: We discovered that participation by toucans in the enrichment was higher compared to amazons and macaws. Furthermore, latency time to interact with the enrichment was higher in amazons that in the other species. Our findings could suggest that toucans are neophilic species which could benefit from higher exploration rates. Amazons on the contrary seem to be particularly neophobic, possibly because of their less opportunistic feeding habits compared to toucans and their higher vulnerability to predation compared to macaws. Conclusion: These results point out that toucans would be more inclined to engage in environmental enrichments, while a more natural design using smells inside familiar objects could be a more successful enrichment for psittacids.

Resumen Introducción: A pesar de que el enriquecimiento sensorial es fundamental para garantizar el bienestar de los animales silvestres en cautiverio, los olores no son incluidos de forma rutinaria en los protocolos de enriquecimiento para aves. Además, en el caso de estos animales, la neofobia puede ser un problema a la hora de implementar nuevos dispositivos de enriquecimiento. Objetivo: Explorar cómo varía la participación y la latencia en la interacción con un enriquecimiento olfativo entre grupos taxonómicos de aves (Amazona spp. / Ara spp. / Ramphastos spp.). Métodos: Expusimos a 257 aves a un enriquecimiento olfativo y registramos qué individuos participaron y el tiempo que tardaron en interactuar con él. Resultados: La participación en el enriquecimiento fue mayor en los tucanes en comparación con las amazonas y los guacamayos. Además, el tiempo de latencia para interactuar con el enriquecimiento fue mayor en las amazonas que en las otras especies. Nuestros hallazgos sugieren que los tucanes son especies neofílicas que podrían beneficiarse de tasas de exploración más altas. Por otro lado, las amazonas parecen ser particularmente neofóbicas, posiblemente debido a sus hábitos alimenticios menos oportunistas en comparación con los tucanes y a su mayor vulnerabilidad a la depredación en comparación con los guacamayos. Conclusión: Estos resultados señalan que los tucanes serían más proclives a participar en enriquecimientos ambientales, mientras que un diseño que utilice olores dentro de objetos más naturales o familiares podría ser más exitoso para las psitácidas.

ABSTRACT Forage soybean (Neonotonia wightii) is a legume frequently used as a cover crop in field crops. However, as a species of the Phaseoloideae subfamily, it is characterized by the physical latency of the seed, which makes it difficult to obtain a high, homogeneous, and rapid germination. The aim of the present study was to determine which method of scarification stimulates the germination process to a greater extent. The following immersion times were evaluated: 5 to 20 minutes in 98% sulfuric acid, 24 hours in 5.4% sodium hypochlorite, water, and gibberellic acid [100 ppm], 15 minutes of treatment with sandpaper and the combination of these last two. They were distributed in a completely randomized experimental design, where eight treatments and a control were evaluated, with three replicates each and 200 seeds as experimental units, subjected to controlled conditions (germination chambers at constant temperatures and a relative humidity of 27 °C and 70%, respectively) during the spring of 2022. The results were favorable, a high germination percentage was obtained from seeds subjected to a 20-minute immersion time in sulfuric acid (90% germination and an average of six germinated seeds per day) and this was significantly higher than the rest, making it an effective method to break the physical latency of the seeds, as it removes the impermeable cover allowing inhibition and consequently the activation of the seed's metabolism.

RESUMEN La soja forrajera (Neonotonia wightii) es una leguminosa frecuentemente utilizada como cubierta en cultivos de campo. Sin embargo, al ser una especie de la subfamilia Phaseoloideae, se caracteriza por la latencia física de la semilla, lo que dificulta obtener una germinación alta, homogénea y rápida. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar cuál método de escarificación estimula en mayor medida el proceso de germinación, se evaluaron tiempos de inmersión desde los 5 hasta los 20 minutos en ácido sulfúrico (98%), 24 horas en inmersión en hipoclorito de sodio (5,4%), agua y ácido giberélico [100 ppm], 15 minutos con lija y el combinado de estas dos últimas, las cuales fueron distribuidas en un diseño experimental completamente al azar, donde se evaluaron ocho tratamientos y un testigo, tres repeticiones cada uno y 200 semillas como unidades experimentales, sometidas en condiciones controladas (cámaras de germinación a temperaturas y humedad relativa constantes de 27 °C y 70%, respectivamente) durante la primavera del 2022. Los resultados fueron favorables, un alto porcentaje de germinación se obtuvo de las semillas sometidas a un tiempo de inmersión de 20 minutos en ácido sulfúrico (90% de germinación y un promedio de germinación de seis semillas germinadas por día) y fue significativamente mayor que el resto. Este método resulta efectivo para romper la latencia física de las semillas, debido a la remoción de la cubierta impermeable, permitiendo la inhibición en agua y consecuentemente la activación del metabolismo de la semilla.

Both genital and non-genital treponematoses are overtly similar in pathogenesis, natural history and histologic features. In the head and neck, a relatively small percentage of untreated, infected patients may progress from latency to tertiary disease, with perforation or collapse of the palate and nasal septum. Due to the rarity of tertiary disease and the non-specific histomorphologic features, the disease may go undiagnosed, often with dire consequences. Clinicopathological correlation, a high index of suspicion and a judicious mix of histological and immunohistochemical stains may help the pathologist in arriving at the correct diagnosis. In this article, we report a unique case of nasal treponematosis in a young South African male, discussing the clinical findings, histological features and diagnostic methods of detection.

Abstract Objective: The objective of this study was to perform a long-term evaluation of the efficacy and safety of treatment with botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) in patients with blepharospasm (BS) and hemifacial spasm (HFS) from January 2007 to December 2019. Methods: In each application of BoNT-A, the date of treatment, number of units applied, and time elapsed since the previous application were recorded. Outcome data was: mean latency of the clinical effect, mean duration of the clinical effect, mean improvement on Jankovic rating scale, side effects were self-reported, and evaluated 2 weeks after injection, including non-responding patients to BoNT-A for two consecutive sessions. The comparison between the first and last dose of BoNT-A was analyzed by Student’s t-test, for which a value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 136 patients were analyzed; 60 had BS, 76 had HFS, and 75% were female. The duration between onset and referral for BoNT-A treatment was 18 ± 3 months, and the mean age at the time of the first therapeutic injection was 50 ± 12 years. The mean dose per session was 16 ± 4 for BS and 36 ± 12 for HFS. The therapeutic interval for injections was 4.4 ± 1 month. The mean latency of the clinical effect was 8 ± 3 days, the mean duration of the clinical effect was 112 ± 9 days, and the mean improvement on the Jankovic scale was 2 ± 1 points. Side effects were observed in 9 patients (6.6%), that is, ptosis (7 patients) and hematoma (2 patients). Conclusions: BoNT-A is a safe and effective long-term treatment for BS and HFS.

Resumen Objetivo: Realizar una evaluación de largo plazo de la eficacia y seguridad del tratamiento con Toxina Botulínica A (BoNT-A) en pacientes con Blefaroespasmo y Espasmo Hemifacial entre Enero 2007 y Diciembre 2019. Métodos: En cada aplicación de BoNT-A se registraron la fecha de tratamiento, número de unidades aplicadas, y el tiempo transcurrido desde la última aplicación. Los datos de desenlace fueron: el promedio de latencia del efecto clínico, el promedio de duración del efecto clínico, el promedio de mejoría en la Escala de Valoracion de Jankovic, los efectos secundarios fueron reportados por el paciente y evaluados 2 semanas después de la inyección, incluyendo pacientes no respondedores en 2 sesiones terapeúticas consecutivas. Las comparaciones de resultados entre la primera y la última dosis de BoNT-A fueron analizadas con la prueba t de Student, considerandose estadísticamente significativo un valor p < 0.05. Resultados: De un total de 136 pacientes analizados, 60 tenían blefaroespasmo, 76 tenían espasmo hemifacial, y 75% fueron femeninos, La duración entre el inicio y la referencia para tratamiento con BoNT-A fue de 18 ± 3 meses, la edad al momento de la primera inyección terapeútica fue de 50 ± 12 años de edad. El promedio de dosis por session fue 16 ± 4 en casos de blefaroespasmo, y 36 ± 12 en pacientes con espasmo hemifacial. El intervalo entre sesiones terapeúticas fue de 4.4 ± 1 meses. El promedio de latencia del efecto clínico fue de 8 ± 3 días, el promedio de duración del efecto clínico fue de 112 ± 9 días, y el promedio de mejoría en la Escala de Jankovic fue de 2 ± 1 puntos. Los efectos secundarios se observaron en 9 pacientes (6.6%) que presentaron ptosis (7 pacientes) y hematoma (2 pacientes). Conclusiones: BoNT-A es segura y efectiva en la terapeutica de largo plazo en pacientes con blefaroespasmo y espasmo hemifacial.

Abstract Introduction: Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. Syphilis is preventable and treatable and can present several manifestations, depending on its stage - primary, secondary, or latent. The prozone phenomenon is a rare situation in which, due to an excess of antibodies in secondary syphilis, the VDRL presents a false-negative qualitative result. This clinical case aims to raise awareness of the existence of this phenomenon and the importance of clinical sense. Case description: A 44-year-old male patient, with no relevant history, went to an acute illness appointment due to cutaneous lesions spread over the face, chest, back, and upper limbs with one month of evolution, associated with systemic arthralgias, myalgias, weight loss sensation, axillary adenopathy and frontal headaches, bilateral tearing and tinnitus. In the anamnesis, the patient refers to an episode in the emergency department, about five months ago, due to the appearance of a painless penile lesion, which has been medicated with antibiotic therapy with subsequent resolution. It also mentions the practice of unprotected sex. In front of the suspicion of syphilis, in the secondary phase, blood tests were requested, which surprisingly revealed non-reactive VDRL and, in addition, significant liver changes. Given the unpredictable evolution of the diagnostic procedure, the patient was sent to the emergency department, where the diagnosis of secondary syphilis was confirmed by VDRL, TPHA reactivity, and anti-Treponema pallidum antibodies. Comment: This case demonstrates the importance of prioritizing clinical sense over-diagnose examinations which, due to its contradictory result, could have altered the medical conduct and, ultimately, the latency in the diagnosis and orientation of the patient, with potentially long-term complications, namely the development of tertiary syphilis.

Resumo Introdução: A sífilis é uma doença sexualmente transmissível provocada pela bactéria Treponema pallidum. É uma infeção prevenível e tratável. Pode apresentar várias manifestações, consoante o seu estadio - primário, secundário ou latente. O fenómeno de prozona é uma situação rara em que, pelo excesso de anticorpos na sífilis secundária, o VDRL apresenta um resultado qualitativo falso-negativo. Este caso clínico tem como objetivo sensibilizar para a existência deste fenómeno e da importância do senso clínico. Descrição do caso: Utente do sexo masculino de 44 anos, sem antecedentes relevantes, recorre a consulta de doença aguda por lesões cutâneas dispersas pela face, tórax, dorso e membros superiores com um mês de evolução, associadas a quadro sistémico de artralgias, mialgias, sensação de perda de peso, adenopatias axilares e inguinais, cefaleias frontais, lacrimejo bilateral e zumbido. Na anamnese, o utente refere episódio de ida ao serviço de urgência, cerca de cinco meses antes, por aparecimento de lesão peniana indolor, tendo sido medicado com antibioterapia com posterior resolução da mesma. Menciona ainda a prática de relações sexuais desprotegidas. Perante a suspeita de sífilis, em fase secundária, foram solicitadas análises sanguíneas que revelaram VDRL não reativo e, para além disso, alterações hepáticas significativas. Dada a evolução incongruente da marcha diagnóstica, o utente foi enviado ao serviço de urgência, onde se confirmou o diagnóstico de sífilis secundária por reatividade do VDRL, TPHA e anticorpo anti-Treponema pallidum. Comentário: Este caso demonstra a importância da priorização do senso clínico ao invés dos meios complementares de diagnóstico que, pelo seu resultado aparentemente contraditório, poderia ter alterado a conduta médica e, em última instância, a latência no diagnóstico e orientação terapêutica do utente, com potenciais complicações a longo prazo, nomeadamente o desenvolvimento de sífilis terciária.

Abstract: This paper introduces the Distributed Utility Function Algorithm (D-AFU) as a notable progression in managing and optimizing network traffic within distributed settings. Based on the utility function principle, D-AFU dynamically adjusts data rate in response to ever-changing network demands, with optimal performance and a higher user experience. Contrary to the centralized model, D-AFU employs a distributed, scalable and resilient against failures and system overloads mechanism. Its efficiency was validated using the NS-3 simulator. Three main metrics were used: the data rate allocation, utility per session, and fairness (quantified by the Gini coefficient). D-AFU displays exceptional performance and low latency, particularly vital for real-time applications with high Quality of Service (QoS) requirements.

Resumen: El artículo presenta el Algoritmo de Función de Utilidad Distribuida (D-AFU) como una notable evolución en la gestión y optimización del tráfico de red en entornos distribuidos. Basado en el principio de función de utilidad, D-AFU ajusta dinámicamente la velocidad de datos en respuesta a las demandas cambiantes de la red, con un rendimiento óptimo y una mejor experiencia para el usuario. A diferencia del modelo centralizado, D-AFU emplea un mecanismo distribuido escalable y con mayor resistencia contra fallos y sobrecargas del sistema. Su eficiencia fue validada utilizando el simulador NS-3. Se utilizaron tres métricas principales: la tasa de asignación de transmisión, la utilidad por sesión y la equidad (cuantificada por el coeficiente de Gini). D-AFU mostró un rendimiento excepcional, especialmente vital para aplicaciones en tiempo real que exigen alta Calidad de Servicio (QoS) y baja latencia.

Abstract: For a Linux operating system scheduler that is aware of Chip Multi-Processor (CMP) systems to carry out load balancing is extremely important and quite challenging. The scheduler is a vital component of the Linux kernel responsible for choosing the next thread to run and allocating to a processor core for execution. This process involves primarily a load-balancing procedure that provides the thread migration between the cores of a CMP system. A modern Linux scheduler is designed to obtain the best possible performance while ensuring a fair allocation of the processor cores’ time among the normal (non-real-time) threads, which is known as Completely Fair Scheduling (CFS) policy. However, this policy collaterally can cause a relentless execution of the load-balancing procedure, and therefore, an excessive number of thread migrations. According to the literature, an increased cache invalidation, scheduling latency, and power consumption are issues inherent to this. In this paper, we propose and evaluate a proactive load-balancing (PLB) algorithm to reduce unnecessary thread migrations on CMP systems. By comprehensive experimental analysis, we show that our PLB algorithm reduces the number of thread migrations by 43.8% on average without degradation of performance.

ABSTRACT Purpose: Smoking is a recognized risk factor for bladder BC and lung cancer LC. We investigated the enduring risk of BC after smoking cessation using U.S. national survey data. Our analysis focused on comparing characteristics of LC and BC patients, emphasizing smoking status and the latency period from smoking cessation to cancer diagnosis in former smokers. Materials and Methods: We analyzed data from the National Health and Examination Survey (2003-2016), identifying adults with LC or BC history. Smoking status (never, active, former) and the interval between quitting smoking and cancer diagnosis for former smokers were assessed. We reported descriptive statistics using frequencies and percentages for categorical variables and median with interquartile ranges (IQR) for continuous variables. Results: Among LC patients, 8.9% never smoked, 18.9% active smokers, and 72.2% former smokers. Former smokers had a median interval of 8 years (IQR 2-12) between quitting and LC diagnosis, with 88.3% quitting within 0-19 years before diagnosis. For BC patients, 26.8% never smoked, 22.4% were active smokers, and 50.8% former smokers. Former smokers had a median interval of 21 years (IQR 14-33) between quitting and BC diagnosis, with 49.3% quitting within 0-19 years before diagnosis. Conclusions: BC patients exhibit a prolonged latency period between smoking cessation and cancer diagnosis compared to LC patients. Despite smoking status evaluation in microhematuria, current risk stratification models for urothelial cancer do not incorporate it. Our findings emphasize the significance of long-term post-smoking cessation surveillance and advocate for integrating smoking history into future risk stratification guidelines. Purpose US U S U.S Methods 20032016, 20032016 2003 2016 , (2003-2016) never, (never assessed IQR Results 89 9 8.9 smoked 189 18 18.9 722 72 2 72.2 212 12 2-12 883 88 3 88.3 019 0 19 0-1 268 26 26.8 224 22 4 22.4 508 50 50.8 1433 14 33 14-33 493 49 49.3 Conclusions microhematuria it longterm long term postsmoking post guidelines 2003201 200 201 (2003-2016 8. 1 18. 7 72. 2-1 88. 01 0- 26. 22. 5 50. 143 14-3 49. 200320 20 (2003-201 2- 14- 20032 (2003-20 (2003-2 (2003- (2003 (200 (20 (2 (

ABSTRACT Receiver channels amplitude and phase calibration in smart antennas is a crucial process to achieve the systems requirement. The implementation of these functions in a programmable device and the procedures for selecting its parameters is not a widely disseminated topic in the specialized literature. This work solves the previous problem by implementing the calibration algorithm in FPGA based on the requirements to guarantee the estimation of the direction of arrival (DOA) with super resolution. The design implemented in Hardware Description Language (HDL) corrects in real time the amplitude and phase errors between channels of the multichannel reception system with low latency and resource consumption. Experimental verification with real signals demonstrates that the errors obtained after calibration are within the expected range and corroborates the effectiveness of the design.

RESUMEN La calibración de los errores de amplitud y fase de los canales receptores en las antenas inteligentes resulta un proceso crucial para alcanzar los requerimientos del sistema. La implementación de estas funciones en un dispositivo programable y los procedimientos para la selección de sus parámetros, no es un tema ampliamente divulgado en la literatura especializada. Este trabajo soluciona la problemática anterior a partir de la implementación en FPGA del algoritmo de calibración en función de las exigencias para garantizar la estimación de la dirección de arribo (DOA, por sus siglas en inglés) con superresolución. El diseño implementado en Lenguaje de Descripción de Hardware (HDL, por sus siglas en inglés) corrige en tiempo real los errores de amplitud y fase entre canales del sistema de recepción multicanal con una baja latencia y consumo de recursos. La comprobación experimental con señales reales demuestra que los errores obtenidos luego de la calibración se encuentran en el rango esperado y corrobora la efectividad del diseño.

Abstract: The objective of this research is to conduct a comparative evaluation of various averaging methods for estimating evoked potentials using realistic simulations. Simulated signals are commonly employed to assess pattern recognition algorithms for event-related potential estimation since obtaining gold standard records is challenging. The simulations used are considered realistic because they allow for variations in potential latency, component width, and amplitudes. Background noise is simulated using an 8th order Burg autoregressive model derived from the analysis of a real dataset of auditory evoked potentials. The simulations incorporate actual instrumentation and acquisition channel effects, as well as power line interference. Three averaging methods for estimating the evoked potential waveform are compared: classical consistent average, weighted average, and reported average. The comparisons are conducted in two scenarios: one without artifacts and the other with 20% contamination by artifacts. The results of the comparative evaluation indicate that the trimmed average offers the best trade-off between the estimated signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) value and bias.

ABSTRACT Purpose: to investigate the frequency-following response (FFR) for sustained neural activity. Methods: 39 individuals, aged between 20 to 47 months old were divided into 2 groups: (i) 20 individuals without prenatal exposure to the congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) or hydrocephaly, normal development, no risk factors for hearing loss or syndromic hearing impairment and (ii) 19 individuals diagnosed with CZS and microcephaly - based on imaging studies linked to the clinical presentation of the condition. All participants exhibited normal click-ABR tests. FFR waveforms were documented using the /da/ syllable employing the Navigator Pro. The statistical analysis used was ANOVA (p-value <0.05). Results: no distinctions were observed concerning the variables of group, age, or gender with respect to FFR latency values, except for an interaction between gender and group for latency values associated with waves V and F. Children with CZS and microcephaly showed a difference for latency values in wave V for both males and females, when compared to the control group. Conclusion: children presented with CZS and microcephaly showed higher average latencies for waves V, A, C, D and F (male) compared to the control group, whereas, in waves E, F (female) and O they showed higher values in the control group. Purpose frequencyfollowing frequency following (FFR activity Methods 3 4 groups i (i (CZS hydrocephaly development ii (ii 1 condition clickABR click ABR tests da /da Pro pvalue p value <0.05. 005 <0.05 . 0 05 <0.05) Results age females Conclusion A C male (male whereas E female (female 00 <0.0 <0. <0 <

ABSTRACT: The objective of the present study was to evaluate clinical, cardiorespiratory, and Doppler echocardiographic changes in rabbits sedated with midazolam and morphine combined with or without dexmedetomidine. This study was a blinded, randomized, controlled experiment that included 16 adult male New Zealand rabbits weighing 3.1 ± 0.3 kg. The animals were sedated using one of the following protocols: 1 mg/kg midazolam and 2 mg/kg morphine (MIDA, n = 8), or 25 mg/kg dexmedetomidine, 2 mg/kg morphine and 1 mg/kg midazolam (DEX, n = 8). Sedation latency, duration of the sedation and recovery period, sedation scores, heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (f), peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), systolic arterial pressure (SAP), diastolic arterial pressure (DAP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and recta temperature were recorded, and Doppler echocardiography was performed. Latency periods were 7.3±1.6 min in the DEX group and 10.9 ± 5.0 min in the MIDA group (P = 0.112). Sedation duration was 122.4±14 min in the DEX group and 71.2 ± 32 min in the MIDA group (P = 0.005), whereas recovery time was 35.7±17.7 min in the DEX group and 32.5 ± 25.3 min in the MIDA group (P = 0.743). The sedation scores for the DEX group were significantly higher than those for the MIDA group throughout the monitoring period. Reductions in HR, SAP, MAP, and DAP values were observed in both groups relative to baseline values, and were significantly lower in the DEX group compared to the MIDA group. Minimal Doppler echocardiographic changes were observed. Dexmedetomidine used in combination with midazolam and morphine incremented the quality and duration of sedation in rabbits. Both protocols elicited cardiorespiratory changes that were well-tolerated, with minimal changes in myocardial function. ABSTRACT clinical dexmedetomidine blinded randomized 31 3 3. 03 0 0. kg mgkg mg MIDA, (MIDA 8, 8 , 8) DEX, (DEX 8. . latency period HR (HR) f, f (f) SpO2, SpO2 SpO (SpO2) SAP (SAP) DAP, (DAP) MAP (MAP) recorded performed 7316 7 6 7.3±1. 109 10 9 10. 50 5 5. P 0.112. 0112 0.112 112 0.112) 122414 122 4 14 122.4±1 712 71 71. 0.005, 0005 0.005 005 0.005) 357177 35 17 35.7±17. 325 32. 253 25. 0.743. 0743 0.743 743 0.743) welltolerated, welltolerated well tolerated, tolerated well-tolerated function (HR (f (SpO2 (SAP (DAP (MAP 731 7.3±1 011 0.11 11 12241 12 122.4± 000 0.00 00 35717 35.7±17 074 0.74 74 (SpO 73 7.3± 01 0.1 1224 122.4 0.0 3571 35.7±1 07 0.7 7.3 122. 357 35.7± 7. 35.7 35.

RESUMO: O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar alterações clínicas, cardiorrespiratórias e ecodopplercardiográficas, bem como o nível de sedação em coelhos sedados com midazolam e morfina combinadas, ou não, com dexmedetomidina. O design do estudo foi experimental controlado randomizado cego, com 16 coelhos adultos machos Nova Zelândia, pesando 3,1 ± 0,3 Kg. Os animais foram sedados aleatoriamente com um dos seguintes tratamentos: MIDA (n = 8): 1 mg/kg de midazolam e 2 mg/kg de morfina; DEX (n = 8) 25 mcg/kg de dexmedetomidina, 2 mg/kg de morfina e 1 mg/kg de midazolam; Latência, sedação e períodos de recuperação, escores de sedação, FC, f, SpO2, PAS, PAM, PAD, ToC, foram mensurados e ecoDopplercardiografia foi realizada. Os períodos de latência foram 7.3 ± 1.6 minutos no grupo DEX e 10.9 ± 5.0 minutos no grupo MIDA (P = 0,112). A duração da sedação foi de 122.4 ± 14 minutos no grupo DEX e 71.2 ± 32 minutos no grupo MIDA (P = 0,005). Os tempos totais de recuperação foram de 35.7 ± 17.7 minutos no grupo DEX e 32.5 ± 25.3 minutos no MIDA (P = 0,743). Os escores de sedação obtidos do grupo DEX foram estatisticamente superiores aos do grupo MIDA durante todas as observações (de 5 a 40 minutos). A redução dos valores de FC, PAS, PAM e PAD foi observada em ambos os grupos, em relação ao momento baseline, e foram significativamente menores no grupo DEX quando comparado ao MIDA. Alterações ecodopplercardiográficas mínimas foram observadas ambos os grupos. A adição de dexmedetomidina à associação midazolam/morfina aumentou o nível, a qualidade e a duração do protocolo sedativo. Ambos os protocolos causaram alterações cardiorrespiratórias bem toleradas em animais normais e com mínimas alterações na função miocárdica. RESUMO clínicas combinadas não cego Zelândia 31 3 3, 03 0 0, Kg tratamentos n 8 mgkg mg kg mcgkg mcg Latência FC f SpO2 SpO PAS ToC realizada 73 7 7. 6 1. 109 10 9 10. 50 5. P 0,112. 0112 0,112 . 112 0,112) 1224 122 4 122. 712 71 71. 0,005. 0005 0,005 005 0,005) 357 35 35. 177 17 17. 325 32. 253 25. 0,743. 0743 0,743 743 0,743) minutos. minutos) grupos baseline midazolammorfina sedativo miocárdica 011 0,11 11 12 000 0,00 00 074 0,74 74 01 0,1 0,0 07 0,7

ABSTRACT This case report presents the details of a 33-year-old female patient who was referred to a specialized retina service because of mild vision loss in her right eye). The patient’s visual acuity was 20/25 in right eye and 20/50 in the left eye (; amblyopic); the spherical equivalent was -12.75 diopters (right eye) and -14.75 diopters (left eye). Multimodal retinal imaging showed peripapillary schisis in both the inner and outer retinal layers, grade II posterior vitreous detachment, and a tessellated fundus. Using Humphrey perimetry and MP-3 microperimetry, the functional evaluation indicated macular sensitivity within normal limits and decreased sensitivity in the peripapillary region, especially in right eye. The pattern-re versal visual evoked potential was measured. The N75 and P100 latency and amplitude in right eye were within normal values for checks of 1º. However, the amplitude was low for checks of 15′. Highly myopic patients who have posterior staphyloma that involves the optic nerve are susceptible to posterior hyaloid traction, and the resulting peripapillary vitreous traction may compromise vision. 33yearold yearold 33 year old . s 2025 20 25 20/2 2050 50 20/5 ( amblyopic amblyopic) 12.75 1275 12 75 -12.7 14.75 1475 14 -14.7 layers detachment fundus MP3 MP 3 MP- microperimetry region patternre pattern re measured N N7 P P10 1º º However 15 15′ 202 2 20/ 205 5 12.7 127 1 7 -12. 14.7 147 -14. P1 12. -12 14. -14 -1 -

RESUMO Este relato de caso apresenta um paciente feminino de 33 anos encaminhado para um serviço especializado de retina devido à leve perda de visão em olho direito. A acuidade visual foi de 20/25 no olho direito e 20/50 no olho esquerdo, o equivalente esférico foi de -12,75 dioptrias e -14,75 dioptrias, respectivamente. Avaliações multimodais revelaram isquese peripapilar nas camadas internas e externas da retina, descolamento vítreo posterior grau II e fundo tesselado. Avaliação funcional com perimetria Humphrey e microperimetria MP-3 revelaram sensibilidade macular normais e diminuição da sensibilidade na região peripapilar, especialmente no olho direito. Potencial visual evocado de padrão reverso apresentou no olho direito latência e amplitude N75 e P100 dentro dos valores normais para verificação de 1º. Entretanto, a amplitude foi baixa para a de 15′. Pacientes alto míopes com esfiloma posterior envolvendo o nervo óptico são suscetíveis à tração da hialoide posterior. Portanto a tração vitreopapilar resultante pode causar comprometimento da visão. 3 2025 20 25 20/2 2050 50 20/5 esquerdo 12,75 1275 12 75 -12,7 14,75 1475 14 -14,7 respectivamente tesselado MP3 MP MP- N N7 P P10 1º º Entretanto 15 15′ 202 2 20/ 205 5 12,7 127 1 7 -12, 14,7 147 -14, P1 12, -12 14, -14 -1 -

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the association between sleep duration, nocturnal awakenings, and sleep latency with body mass index (BMI) at six and 12 months of age. Methods: 179 children from a birth cohort were enrolled. At six and 12 months of age, anthropometric data were obtained using standardized techniques and infants’ mothers answered the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire for sleep data. The association of BMI with the independent variables (sleep duration, latency, and nocturnal awakenings) was assessed by linear regression models. Analyses were adjusted for potential confounders and a p-value<0.05 was adopted to define statistical significance. Results: For each additional hour of sleep duration, BMI was reduced by 0.15 kg/m² (95% confidence interval [CI] -0.28; -0.01; p=0.03) and each additional minute of sleep latency increased BMI by 0.01 kg/m² (95%CI -0.00; 0.03; p=0.02). These associations were independent of gestational age, child sex, birth weight, duration of exclusive breastfeeding, smoking during pregnancy, and mother’s BMI, education, and marital status. Nocturnal awakenings showed no association with the outcome. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that sleep duration and sleep latency time are associated with BMI in the first year of life. Insights into the influence of sleep early in life on weight status may be helpful to complement future nutritional recommendations and prevent and treat obesity. Objective (BMI 1 age Methods 17 enrolled infants models pvalue<0.05 pvalue005 pvalue p value<0.05 value 0 05 p-value<0.0 significance Results 015 15 0.1 kgm² kgm kg m² m kg/m 95% 95 (95 CI [CI 0.28 028 28 -0.28 001 01 -0.01 p=0.03 p003 03 0.0 95%CI 95CI 0.00 000 00 -0.00 0.03 003 p=0.02. p002 p=0.02 . 02 p=0.02) sex breastfeeding pregnancy mother s education outcome Conclusions obesity pvalue<0.0 pvalue00 value005 value<0.0 p-value<0. 0. 9 (9 0.2 2 -0.2 -0.0 p=0.0 p00 pvalue<0. pvalue0 value00 value<0. p-value<0 ( -0. p=0. p0 pvalue<0 value0 value<0 p-value< -0 p=0 pvalue< value< p-value - p=

RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar a associação entre duração do sono, despertares noturnos e latência do sono com o índice de massa corporal (IMC) aos seis e 12 meses de idade. Métodos: foram incluídas 179 crianças de uma coorte de nascimentos. Aos seis e 12 meses de idade, dados antropométricos foram obtidos por meio de técnicas padronizadas e as mães dos lactentes responderam ao Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire para dados do sono. A associação do IMC com as variáveis independentes (duração do sono, latência e despertares noturnos) foi avaliada por modelos de regressão linear. As análises foram ajustadas para potenciais fatores de confusão e o p-valor<0,05 foi adotado para definir a significância estatística. Resultados: Para cada hora adicional de duração do sono, o IMC foi reduzido em 0,15 kg/m² (intervalo de confiança [IC]95% -0,28; -0,01; p=0,03) e cada minuto adicional no tempo de latência resultou em aumento de 0,01 kg/m² (IC95% -0,00; 0,03; p=0,02) no IMC. Essas associações foram independentes da idade gestacional, sexo da criança, peso ao nascer, duração do aleitamento materno exclusivo, tabagismo durante a gravidez e IMC, escolaridade e estado civil da mãe. Os despertares noturnos não apresentaram associação com o desfecho. Conclusões: Nossos achados sugerem que a duração e a latência do sono estão associadas ao IMC no primeiro ano de vida. Informações sobre a influência do sono no início da vida sobre o status do peso podem ser úteis para complementar futuras recomendações nutricionais e prevenir e tratar a obesidade. Objetivo (IMC 1 Métodos 17 nascimentos linear pvalor<0,05 pvalor005 pvalor p valor<0,05 valor 0 05 p-valor<0,0 estatística Resultados 015 15 0,1 kgm² kgm kg m² m kg/m intervalo IC95% IC95 IC 95% 95 [IC]95 0,28 028 28 -0,28 001 01 -0,01 p=0,03 p003 03 0,0 (IC95 0,00 000 00 -0,00 0,03 003 p=0,02 p002 02 gestacional criança nascer exclusivo mãe desfecho Conclusões obesidade pvalor<0,0 pvalor00 valor005 valor<0,0 p-valor<0, 0, IC9 9 [IC]9 0,2 2 -0,2 -0,0 p=0,0 p00 (IC9 pvalor<0, pvalor0 valor00 valor<0, p-valor<0 [IC] -0, p=0, p0 (IC pvalor<0 valor0 valor<0 p-valor< [IC -0 p=0 pvalor< valor< p-valor - p=