ABSTRACT Business management systems have undergone a remarkable transformation in recent years. The demands of customers/users set the pace and direction of sports governance organizations, more demanding, specialized demand and increasingly stringent regulations in the international market are among the factors that condition this transformation within the sports sector. The objective of the research is to analyze the main trends in integrated management. Theoretical methods were used: historical-logical, analysis-synthesis and inductive-deductive and empirical methods: bibliographic review and stratification supported by computer tools such as UCINET software. It is obtained that integrated management is characterized by improving the integration of the organizational system to achieve the objectives with efficiency, effectiveness and flexibility, and the application of computer tools, in the stages of planning, operation, evaluation and improvement. The approach based on process integration allows the incorporation into the system of the applicable unified requirements demanded by all stakeholders, the determination of process interactions and the management of black holes. This approach makes it easier for stakeholders to design and implement standardized integrated systems and provides top management with systems thinking for analysis and decision making.

RESUMEN Los sistemas de gestión empresarial experimentan una notable transformación en los últimos años. Las exigencias de clientes/usuarios marcan el ritmo y la dirección de las organizaciones de gobierno deportivo, demanda más exigente, especializada y normativas cada vez más estrictas en el mercado internacional son de los factores que condicionan esta transformación dentro del sector deportivo. El objetivo de la investigación es analizar las principales tendencias de la gestión integrada. Se utilizaron métodos teóricos: histórico-lógico, análisis-síntesis e inductivo-deductivo y métodos empíricos: revisión bibliográfica y estratificación apoyados en herramientas informáticas como el software UCINET. Se obtiene que la gestión integrada se caracteriza por mejorar la integración del sistema organizacional para alcanzar los objetivos con eficiencia, eficacia y flexibilidad, y la aplicación de herramientas informáticas, en las etapas de planificación, operación, evaluación y mejora. El enfoque basado en la integración de procesos permite incorporar al sistema los requisitos unificados aplicables demandados por todas las partes interesadas, la determinación de las interacciones del proceso y la gestión de los agujeros negros. Este enfoque facilita a los actores involucrados el diseño e implementación de sistemas integrados normalizados y proporciona a la alta dirección un pensamiento sistémico para el análisis y la toma de decisiones.

As Micro e Pequenas Empresas possuem na sua essência recursos limitados. Raramente possuem um Sistema Integrado de Gestão que lhes permita gerir o seu negócio de forma transversal e que mapeie todos os processos da empresa. Devido ao número reduzido de colaboradores, não dispõem internamente de alguns serviços. O seu espaço de mercado é em geral limitado. As suas competências específicas raramente permitem apresentar uma oferta global. Por serem pequenas, não têm força negocial perante os seus fornecedores e eventuais parceiros estratégicos. A Arquitetura de Sistemas de Informação permite representar e mapear os diversos aspetos da gestão das empresas e alinhar as Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação com as necessidades destas empresas. Este trabalho pretende apresentar e descrever uma Macro Arquitetura para a construção de Sistema Integrado de Gestão, orientados para as Micro e Pequenas Empresas, e que inclua um conjunto de serviços integrados numa única plataforma.

Micro and Small Enterprises have limited resources. They rarely have an Enterprise Resource Planning that allows managing their business in a transversal way and mapping all business processes. These companies have a small number of employees, and for this reason they have a reduced number of internal services. Their market space is usually limited. Their specific skills are reduced, thus not allowing presenting a comprehensive offer. Due to their small dimension, they have no negotiating strength vis-à-vis their suppliers and potential strategic partners. The Architecture of Information Systems can represent and map the various aspects of business management and align the Information Technology and Communication with the needs of these companies. This paper aims to present and describe a macro architecture for building Enterprise Resource Planning oriented to Micro and Small Enterprises that includes a set of integrated services on a single platform.

This study is the result of research whose purpose was to study the implementation process of integrated management systems, called ERP Enterprise Resource Planning in the business environment. This study, more specifically, tried to identify the variables in this process and that, somehow, made it easy or caused some type of difficulty implementing the system. Based on the mixed method approach (Creswell, 2003), the study was performed by means of the content analysis of technical and scientific publications about this theme and by means of a field research for data collection from primary sources. The content analysis was based on the per mile procedure by Bardin (1977), making it possible to identify critical factors that may be found in the implementation of ERP system projects. Primary data was collected from structured interviews with the managers in charge of the implementation of the system, in each of the 12 companies in different sectors of the economy and based in Brazil. Based on this information, it was possible to test the factors extracted from the content analysis and then develop a list of factors that may effectively influence the implementation process of the system. In order to recognize the possible relations between the selected factors, the Spearman (rsp) correlation coefficient was applied and the multiple regression analysis was performed by means of the stepwise procedure. The purpose of the regression analysis was to determine the relation of the “Assessment of the Implementation” dependent variable with other dependent variables in the selected categories. The results of these analyses showed that the support of the top management, the communication process for the clear evidence of this support, the technical support of the ERP program provider together with the project team expertise, training and qualification processes of the team in the system operation are significantly correlated and relevant factors for a successful implementation of the project.

ABSTRACT This text on commercial geography presents the design and application of an interactive, user-friendly system that supports the decisions on locations made by commercial units wishing to set up business in large urban areas. The system, known as Sadelcom (Automated System for Supporting the Design of Location Strategies for Commercial Units) is based on a spatial interaction model that enables various commercial planning scenarios to be generated. It accepts several kinds of electronic archives as input, including those produced by INEGI. It is transparently integrated into a system of geographic information, which facilitates the calculation of various inputs and the multiplicity of its tabular, graphic and cartographic results. It is extremely quick to use and produces rapid results. Sadelcom was tested in the context of the Toluca Metropolitan Area and to illustrate its potential, three highly complex planning scenarios were generated. The results of the tests have been extremely encouraging, as shown in the body of the article, as well as generating countless questions and complex research tasks, as noted in the agenda included at the end of the article.

RESUMEN En este texto de geografía comercial se presenta el diseño y la aplicación de un sistema fácil de usar e interactivo que apoya la toma de decisiones locacionales de las unidades comerciales que desean establecerse en grandes zonas urbanas. El sistema, llamado Sadelcom (Sistema Automatizado para Apoyar el Diseño de Estrategias Locacionales de Unidades Comerciales), se basa en un modelo de interacción espacial que permite generar diversos escenarios de planeación comercial. Acepta como insumos archivos electrónicos de diversos tipos, incluidos los que produce el INEGI; está integrado de manera transparente a un sistema de información geográfica, lo que facilita el cálculo de diversos insumos y la multiplicidad de sus salidas tabulares, gráficas y cartográficas; y es extremadamente rápido en su operación y en la generación de resultados. Sadelcom se puso a prueba en el contexto de la Zona Metropolitana de Toluca, y para ilustrar su potencial se generaron tres escenarios de planeación altamente complejos. Los resultados de las pruebas han sido muy alentadores, como se demuestra en el cuerpo del artículo, pero además generaron innumerables preguntas y complejas tareas de investigación, lo cual se advierte en la agenda incluida al final del trabajo.

As empresas vivem os desafios constantes de produzir software de alta qualidade, de impacto no sucesso de seus negócios, com ótima relação custobenefício e, acima de tudo, em curto prazo. A engenharia de software estabelece a importância de considerar a estratégia da organização e a geração de valor no planejamento e na implantação dos seus projetos. Como parte dos desafios, é preciso escolher uma das opções de modelos de desenvolvimento e manutenção de sistemas, classificados como ágeis ou rigorosos. É chegado o momento de propor o tratamento desses temas de forma integrada, através da prática do pensamento e da ação estratégica a serem aplicados pelos engenheiros de software no transcorrer de seus trabalhos. Um modelo de ação e comportamento estratégicos é proposto por este trabalho, capaz de auxiliar os engenheiros de software neste empreendimento, e são mencionados outros modelos e ferramentas que podem ser usados como apoio e complemento.

Enterprises face the challenges to produce high-quality software that support business success at an optimal cost-benefit ratio and in short term. Software Engineering reckons the importance of business strategy and value generation as basis for planning and implementation of its projects. As part of the challenges, it is necessary to choose one of the models for systems development and maintenance, classified as agile or rigorous. It is time to propose the management of all these matters in an integrated way, through the practice of strategic thinking and action by software engineers during their work. An action and behavior model is proposed by this article, which is able to support software engineers in such endeavor, and other models and tools are mentioned that can be of additional help.

O alinhamento estratégico, aliado ao planejamento estratégico, é um importante instrumento de gestão. Por isso, novas abordagens para a operacionalização do alinhamento podem auxiliar a gestão corporativa em suas decisões e influir no desempenho organizacional. Este estudo, de natureza exploratória, teve por objetivo desenvolver um modelo operacional de alinhamento estratégico entre objetivos e estratégias de negócio e de tecnologia de informação, no qual convergem elementos promotores de alinhamento dos modelos clássicos de alinhamento estratégico, estudos sobre metodologia de implementação de planos estratégicos e de sistemas integrados de informação e resultados obtidos por meio da observação da promoção de alinhamento em múltiplos estudos de caso. Os principais resultados encontrados mostram que as organizações estão promovendo o alinhamento estratégico com maior ou menor intensidade, mesmo que de forma empírica e parcial; apontam os elementos metodologia e instrumentação da gestão como principais promotores de alinhamento durante a etapa de implementação do processo de planejamento; e revelam a importância destes dois elementos no comprometimento das pessoas envolvidas no processo de planejamento e no atingimento das metas planejadas.

Strategic alignment, combined to strategic planning, is an important management tool. For this reason new approaches to strategic alignment promotion could help high-level management decisions and affect the organizational performance. This study of exploratory nature aims to develop an operational model of strategic alignment between business strategies and goals and information technology strategies and goals. To this model converge elements from classical strategic alignment models, studies about methodologies of strategic planning implementation, methodologies of integrated information systems implementation and findings from multiple case studies. The main results show that organizations always promote strategic alignment, with more or less intensity, even in an empirical and partial way. The most important alignment promoters to the implementation phase of strategic planning are the elements methodology and management tools, which can influence the commitment of the personnel involved in the planning process and positively affect achievement of goals.