Abstract The city of Puebla has established itself as a place prone to conservative groups, either from civil society or from the public administration. In recent years, one of the problems for these conservatives’ groups has been the regulation or eradication of sex work specifically from the streets of the historic center of the city. Thus, proposals have emerged to arbitrarily and violently exclude people who perform sex work through the creation of “tolerance zones”, which, beyond offering a safe space for sex workers, emerge as manifestations of social and sexual segregation that start from the obligatory nature of the heteronomy up to the biopolitical exercise of managing to a segment of the population with precarious economics situations.

Resumen La ciudad de Puebla se ha consagrado como un lugar proclive a grupos conservadores, ya sea desde la sociedad civil o desde la administración pública. En los últimos años, una de las problemáticas para dichos grupos ha sido la regulación o erradicación del trabajo sexual, específicamente de las calles del centro histórico de la angelópolis. Así, han surgido propuestas para excluir de forma arbitraria y violenta a las personas que ejercen el trabajo sexual a través de la creación de “zonas de tolerancia”, las cuales más allá de ofrecer un espacio seguro para las trabajadoras sexuales, emergen como manifestaciones de segregación social y sexual que parten de la obligatoriedad de la heteronormatividad hasta el ejercicio biopolítico de administrar a un segmento de la población a través de situaciones económicas precarias.

Resumen: Podemos conceptualizar un programa educativo de gran escala (como una escuela o universidad) como una pequeña ciudad, pero ¿cuál es la impronta urbana de una institución educativa? Los proyectos en esta sección ofrecen respuestas basadas en estrategias y contextos urbanos distintos. El Centro Cívico de la Universidad de Los Andes representa la primera fase de un ambicioso proyecto para abrir una manzana en el denso distrito histórico de La Candelaria en Bogotá, Colombia. Para llevarlo a cabo, los arquitectos proponen multiplicar y conectar niveles: pasajes y patios articulan el programa universitario con nuevos itinerarios y vistas a lo largo de la manzana. Esta porosidad se evidencia en la sección, revelando la densa y pensada capa de conexiones dentro y alrededor del nuevo edificio. En contraste, Chamisero, un enclave suburbano de estratos socioeconómicos altos en Santiago, Chile, se caracteriza por su clima seco y vegetación árida. Los arquitectos del colegio Alianza Francesa Antoine de Saint-Exupéry internalizaron ingeniosamente este paisaje y la ubicación del sitio en una ladera. Una serie de patios, algunos excavados y otros rellenados, forman terrazas a lo largo de la pendiente que permiten organizar las aulas en “barrios” de diferentes tamaños y programas. La imponente fachada de dos pisos hacia la avenida principal es testimonio de la demanda de una imagen institucional memorable, característica de la educación privada en Chile (y más allá). Sin embargo, la imagen más perdurable es la operación topográfica, especialmente vista desde la fachada trasera. Casi completamente incrustado en la ladera, el edificio ofrece a sus vecinos vistas despejadas hacia las colinas, cercanas y lejanas, que conforman el paisaje de este suburbio.

Abstract: We can conceptualize a large educational program like a school or university as a small city, but what is the urban imprint of an educational institution? Both projects in this section offer answers rooted in distinct urban strategies and contexts. The Universidad de Los Andes Civic Center is the first phase of an ambitious project to open up a block in Bogotá’s dense historic district of La Candelaria in Colombia. To achieve this, the architects propose multiplying and connecting floors: passageways and patios articulate the university program with new itineraries and vistas across the block. This porosity is perhaps more evident in section, revealing the thoughtful and dense layering of spaces within and around the new building. In contrast, Chamisero, a wealthy suburban enclave in Santiago de Chile, is defined by its dry climate and arid vegetation. The architects of the Alianza Francesa Antoine de Saint-Exupéry school ingeniously internalized this landscape and the plot’s foothill location. They crafted a series of patios, some excavated and others filled-in, creating terraces along the slope that organize classrooms into “neighborhoods” of varying sizes and programs. The building’s imposing two-floor facade towards the main avenue stands as a testimony of the demand for a memorable institutional image that is a trait of private education in Chile (and beyond). Yet, the image that endures is the overall topographic operation. Almost fully embedded in the hillside, the building offers its neighbors unobstructed views of the hills, near and far, that define the landscape of this suburb.

Resumen: Podemos conceptualizar un programa educativo de gran escala (como una escuela o universidad) como una pequeña ciudad, pero ¿cuál es la impronta urbana de una institución educativa? Los proyectos en esta sección ofrecen respuestas basadas en estrategias y contextos urbanos distintos. El Centro Cívico de la Universidad de Los Andes representa la primera fase de un ambicioso proyecto para abrir una manzana en el denso distrito histórico de La Candelaria en Bogotá, Colombia. Para llevarlo a cabo, los arquitectos proponen multiplicar y conectar niveles: pasajes y patios articulan el programa universitario con nuevos itinerarios y vistas a lo largo de la manzana. Esta porosidad se evidencia en la sección, revelando la densa y pensada capa de conexiones dentro y alrededor del nuevo edificio. En contraste, Chamisero, un enclave suburbano de estratos socioeconómicos altos en Santiago, Chile, se caracteriza por su clima seco y vegetación árida. Los arquitectos del colegio Alianza Francesa Antoine de Saint-Exupéry internalizaron ingeniosamente este paisaje y la ubicación del sitio en una ladera. Una serie de patios, algunos excavados y otros rellenados, forman terrazas a lo largo de la pendiente que permiten organizar las aulas en “barrios” de diferentes tamaños y programas. La imponente fachada de dos pisos hacia la avenida principal es testimonio de la demanda de una imagen institucional memorable, característica de la educación privada en Chile (y más allá). Sin embargo, la imagen más perdurable es la operación topográfica, especialmente vista desde la fachada trasera. Casi completamente incrustado en la ladera, el edificio ofrece a sus vecinos vistas despejadas hacia las colinas, cercanas y lejanas, que conforman el paisaje de este suburbio.

Abstract: We can conceptualize a large educational program like a school or university as a small city, but what is the urban imprint of an educational institution? Both projects in this section offer answers rooted in distinct urban strategies and contexts. The Universidad de Los Andes Civic Center is the first phase of an ambitious project to open up a block in Bogotá’s dense historic district of La Candelaria in Colombia. To achieve this, the architects propose multiplying and connecting floors: passageways and patios articulate the university program with new itineraries and vistas across the block. This porosity is perhaps more evident in section, revealing the thoughtful and dense layering of spaces within and around the new building. In contrast, Chamisero, a wealthy suburban enclave in Santiago de Chile, is defined by its dry climate and arid vegetation. The architects of the Alianza Francesa Antoine de Saint-Exupéry school ingeniously internalized this landscape and the plot’s foothill location. They crafted a series of patios, some excavated and others filled-in, creating terraces along the slope that organize classrooms into “neighborhoods” of varying sizes and programs. The building’s imposing two-floor facade towards the main avenue stands as a testimony of the demand for a memorable institutional image that is a trait of private education in Chile (and beyond). Yet, the image that endures is the overall topographic operation. Almost fully embedded in the hillside, the building offers its neighbors unobstructed views of the hills, near and far, that define the landscape of this suburb.

RESUMEN El presente artículo se orienta a dilucidar el problema de la materialización del espacio político en un inmueble construido durante el periodo colonial y que hasta el presente se mantiene como sede de Gobierno. Este es el caso de uno de los edificios más representativos del centro histórico de Santiago de Chile: el Palacio de La Moneda. Construido entre 1784 y 1805 con tecnología representativa de la época (albañilería de ladrillo sin refuerzos), el inmueble albergó en sus inicios a la Real Casa de Moneda, concentrando en su interior el poder económico. Tras la independencia y entrado el siglo XIX, se convierte en sede de Gobierno, sumando esta vez el poder político de la época. Bajo esta perspectiva, se presenta una lectura del espacio político en torno a este importante edificio teniendo en cuenta su historia, construcción y arquitectura.

ABSTRACT This article aims to elucidate the problem of the materialization of the political space in a building constructed during the colonial period and which to this day remains as the seat of government. This is the case of one of the most representative buildings in the historic center of Santiago de Chile: the Palacio de La Moneda. Built between 1784 and 1805 with technology representative of the time (brick masonry without reinforcements), the building initially housed the Royal Mint, concentrating economic power within its walls. Following independence, in the 19th century it became the seat of government, adding the political power of the time. From this perspective, a reading of the political space around this important building is presented, taking into account its history, construction, and architecture.

Abstract: e socioeconomic pressures of the globalized world impact negatively on the identity elements of heritage cities, for example the insertion of tall buildings and other morphological transformations that modify their visual integrity, scale, rhythm, and visual and functional diversity. Hence the need to develop an urban management instrument, based on a landscape concept and on systemic and strategic approaches, for the protection of important views in historic urban landscapes, which contributes to their socioeconomic use and the preservation of their visual integrity. One of the fundamental contributions of the research constitute the theoretical conceptions that were made. It conceives this type of management in a process that organizes, assesses-plans, plans and monitors-controls it. The proposal was validated through Experts Criteria and its application in the historic center of Camagüey. The results are reflected in the binding nature of the developed instrument with other planning scales, in its ability to enrich and improve current urban-heritage management, and in the possibilities of extension to other historic centers.

Resumen: Las presiones socioeconómicas del mundo globalizado actúan negativamente sobre los elementos identitarios característicos de las ciudades patrimoniales; resaltan la inserción de edificios altos y otras transformaciones morfológicas que modifican su integridad visual, escala, ritmo, diversidad visual y funcional. De aquí la necesidad de desarrollar un instrumento de gestión urbana, basado en una concepción de paisaje y en los enfoques sistémico y estratégico, para la protección de las vistas relevantes en paisajes urbanos históricos, que contribuya a su aprovechamiento socioeconómico y a la preservación de su integridad visual. Como sustento de este instrumento se realizaron concepciones teóricas que constituyen uno de los aportes fundamentales de la investigación, el mismo concibe este tipo de gestión en un proceso que la organiza, valora-planea, planifica y monitorea-controla. La propuesta fue validada mediante el criterio de expertos y su aplicación en el centro histórico de Camagüey. Los resultados se reflejan en el carácter vinculante del instrumento desarrollado con otras escalas de planeamiento, en su capacidad de enriquecer y perfeccionar la gestión urbano-patrimonial actual y en las posibilidades de extensión a otros centros históricos.

Abstract: For the last three or four decades, metropolitan areas of the contemporary global North and global South such as Buenos Aires, have experienced profound changes in their social and economic structure. The central areas of large cities were one of the most affected sectors in terms of their material and symbolic reorganization. Primarily, this composition proposes to analyze the mutations that have arisen in the central area of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires (CABA), paying particular attention to sociodemographic changes. The analysis of the available quantitative information suggests that while the CABA as a whole slightly increased its population in the last three decades (1990-2020), on the other hand, the urban fabric of the center lost residents. A second objective is to identify theoretical guidelines capable of explaining and analyzing this contradictory process. The proposal is to articulate theorizations and categories produced in contemporary social sciences and simultaneously identify structural and functional aspects in culture and lifestyle and the role played by systemic rationality (public, but mainly private) in the modernization of socio-urban areas, activities and practices. The unfinished conclusions seek to both problematize (and rethink) the object-category “urban center” and propose possible (future) lines of research around the delimited object-problem.

Resumen: Desde hace tres o cuatro décadas que, las metrópolis del Norte y Sur global contemporáneo, como Buenos Aires, experimentan profundos cambios en su estructura social y económica. Una de las áreas frecuente y mayormente afectada por la reorganización material y simbólica de las grandes ciudades es el llamado “centro”. La presente exposición propone, en primer lugar, analizar las mutaciones suscitadas en el área central de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), prestando especial atención a los cambios sociodemográficos. Se sugiere en este punto, a través del análisis de la información cuantitativa disponible que, al tiempo que la CABA en su conjunto aumentó ligeramente su población en las últimas tres décadas (1990-2020), el tejido urbano del centro perdió, en contrapartida, residentes. Un segundo objetivo radica en la identificación de lineamientos teóricos capaces de explicar y analizar el proceso contradictorio en cuestión. Se propone para tal fin articular teorizaciones y categorías producidas en las ciencias sociales contemporáneas para identificar, simultáneamente, en los factores estructurales y funcionales; en la cultura y los modos de vida; y en el papel desempeñado por la racionalidad sistémica (pública, pero principalmente privada), la modernización de las áreas, actividades y prácticas sociourbanas. Las conclusiones inconclusas, procuran tanto problematizar (y repensar) la categoría-objeto “centro urbano”, como proponer posibles (futuras) líneas de investigación en torno al objeto-problema delimitado.

Abstract The gentrification, a social-territorial change by economic investment, is present in Analco’s neighborhood, Puebla. The Faculty of Architecture of the Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, through the project Casa Analco, studies this phenomenon to preserve historic heritage in the face of the gentrifying threat. Strategies such as strengthening social networks and promoting the social economy aim to integrate through community development, fostering identity and resistance to preserve the material and immaterial heritage of the neighborhood. The objective of this descriptive work is to identify the values of the solidarity economy carried out by Casa Analco and the Center for Urban Research and Management, and how the project can contribute to resistance against gentrification in the study area.

Resumen La gentrificación, cambio socioterritorial por inversión de capital, se manifiesta en el Barrio de Analco, Puebla. La Facultad de Arquitectura de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, a través del proyecto Casa Analco, estudia este fenómeno para preservar el patrimonio ante la amenaza gentrificadora. Estrategias como fortalecer redes sociales y promover la economía solidaria, buscan integrarse por medio del desarrollo comunitario, fomentando identidad y resistencia para preservar el patrimonio material e inmaterial del barrio. El objetivo de este trabajo descriptivo es identificar los valores de economía solidaria a cargo de Casa Analco y del Centro de Investigación y Gestión Urbana, y cómo el proyecto puede contribuir a la resistencia de la gentrificación en el barrio de estudio.

Resumen: El edificio en Virrey Avilés y los Pequeños Condominios Familiares se diseñan desde las constricciones de sus respectivos sitios. El primero ocupa un lote típico de Buenos Aires, con un ancho de 8,66 metros, donde las circulaciones y espacios colectivos se organizan hacia el interior de la manzana. Una escalera en medio del patio difumina los límites entre los espacios comunes y los exteriores de uso de cada unidad. Los Pequeños Condominios Familiares se construyen en lotes de la Operación Sitio de 9 metros de ancho por 18 metros de largo. En ellos, se levanta un edificio de dos a tres pisos que busca sacar del hacinamiento a familias de allegados. Tipologías adaptables y tecnologías de prefabricación minimizan los tiempos de construcción, evitando alejar a las familias del sitio por más de 6 meses. Los potenciales ámbitos de colectividad en torno a la vivienda tampoco se limitan a sus condiciones espaciales. En ambos casos, la gestión y el diseño de la vivienda colectivas van acompañados de la formación de nuevos regímenes de copropiedad y cofinanciamiento.

Abstract: The Apartment Building in Virrey Avilés and the Small Family Cohousing are shaped by the constraints of their respective sites. The former occupies a typical lot in Buenos Aires, with a width of 8.66 meters, where circulations and collective spaces are organized towards the center of the urban block. A staircase in the middle of the courtyard blurs the boundaries between common spaces and the external areas designated for each unit’s use. The Small Family Cohousing projects are designed for plots stemming from the historic Site Operation in Santiago, measuring 9 meters wide by 18 meters long. Within them, a building of two to three stories is erected to alleviate overcrowding for multiple families currently living under one roof. The use of adaptable typologies and prefabrication technologies minimizes construction timelines, ensuring that the families remain away from their site for no longer than 6 months. Moreover, in both cases, architectural design is intertwined with the establishment of new paradigms of co-ownership and co-financing, serving as a testament that the pursuit of collectivity in housing transcends mere spatial considerations.

Resumen: El Edificio en Virrey Avilés y los Pequeños Condominios Familiares se diseñan desde las constricciones de sus respectivos sitios. El primero ocupa un lote típico de Buenos Aires, con un ancho de 8,66 metros, donde las circulaciones y espacios colectivos se organizan hacia el interior de la manzana. Una escalera en medio del patio difumina los límites entre los espacios comunes y los exteriores de uso de cada unidad. Los Pequeños Condominios Familiares se construyen en lotes de la Operación Sitio de 9 metros de ancho por 18 metros de largo. En ellos, se levanta un edificio de dos a tres pisos que busca sacar del hacinamiento a familias de allegados. Tipologías adaptables y tecnologías de prefabricación minimizan los tiempos de construcción, evitando alejar a las familias del sitio por más de 6 meses. Los potenciales ámbitos de colectividad en torno a la vivienda tampoco se limitan a sus condiciones espaciales. En ambos casos, la gestión y el diseño de la vivienda colectivas van acompañados de la formación de nuevos regímenes de copropiedad y cofinanciamiento.

Abstract: The Apartment Building in Virrey Avilés and the Small Family Cohousing are shaped by the constraints of their respective sites. The former occupies a typical lot in Buenos Aires, with a width of 8.66 meters, where circulations and collective spaces are organized towards the center of the urban block. A staircase in the middle of the courtyard blurs the boundaries between common spaces and the external areas designated for each unit’s use. The Small Family Cohousing projects are designed for plots stemming from the historic Site Operation in Santiago, measuring 9 meters wide by 18 meters long. Within them, a building of two to three stories is erected to alleviate overcrowding for multiple families currently living under one roof. The use of adaptable typologies and prefabrication technologies minimizes construction timelines, ensuring that the families remain away from their site for no longer than 6 months. Moreover, in both cases, architectural design is intertwined with the establishment of new paradigms of co-ownership and co-financing, serving as a testament that the pursuit of collectivity in housing transcends mere spatial considerations.

Abstract The idea of nation -and nationalism- has been long discussed. Some authors coincide in emphasizing that the notion of nation is historically changing and conflictive. In this framework, the construction and updating of the idea of nation requires devices that determine which elements (material and symbolic), as well as subjects are included in it. In this sense, we can understand celebrations and commemorations as such devices that allow us to investigate the construction of nation and how it is reproduced and who is included. In Argentina during the year 2010 the bicentennial of the May revolution was celebrated. A series of public policies and funds were allocated for this purpose on a national scale while others emerged from the provincial and municipal states. In this context, we are interested in analyzing what types of actions and events were organized at these other scales and what elements and narratives were configured to articulate the local with the national and how it is reproduced and in what terms the notion of a “white and European” nation despite the new readings that from different spaces and actors seek to stress. To do this, we propose as a case study the Exaltación de la Cruz district (Buenos Aires province), based on examining the events that took place in its main city that in the 1990s its historic center was recognized as national Heritage. nationalism discussed conflictive framework material symbolic, symbolic , symbolic) sense 201 celebrated states context white European stress Buenos province, province province) s Heritage 20 2

Resumen La idea de nación - y nacionalismo - ha sido largamente discutida. Algunas propuestas coinciden en destacar que esta noción es históricamente cambiante y conflictiva. En este marco, su construcción y reactualización precisa de dispositivos que determinen qué elementos (materiales y simbólicos) y sujetos se incluyen en esta noción. En este sentido podemos entender a las celebraciones y conmemoraciones como tales dispositivos que nos posibilitan indagar en las nociones que se visibilizan y reproducen sobre un país. En Argentina durante el año 2010 se celebró el Bicentenario de la Revolución de Mayo. Una serie de políticas públicas y fondos fueron destinadas para dicho fin a escala nacional, mientras otras emergieron desde los estados provinciales y municipales. En este contexto, nos interesa analizar qué tipos de acciones, eventos, se organizaron en esas otras escalas, qué elementos, narrativas, se configuraron para articular lo local con lo nacional y cómo se reproduce la noción de una Argentina “blanca y europea” a pesar de las nuevas lecturas que buscan tensionar desde diferentes espacios y actores. Para ello, proponemos como estudio de caso el partido de Exaltación de la Cruz (provincia de Buenos Aires), a partir de examinar los eventos efectuados en su ciudad cabecera que en la década de 1990 su centro histórico fue reconocido como patrimonio nacional. discutida conflictiva marco materiales simbólicos país 201 Mayo municipales contexto acciones escalas narrativas blanca europea actores ello provincia Aires, Aires , Aires) 199 20 19 2 1

RESUMO O presente texto busca contribuir para o estudo a respeito das representações sociais de crianças sobre a cidade, sendo esta compreendida como material, matriz e artefato cultural e, portanto, legítimo objeto acerca do qual diferentes grupos sociais compartilham e produzem significações. Os Centros Históricos das cidades são possuidores de objetivações pois detêm, em seus espaços, as marcas de acontecimentos históricos, evocam o passado em sua forma de organização específica e contam a memória do lugar. Especificamente, o debate apresentado pretendeu analisar as vivências de crianças no Centro Histórico de Cuiabá, considerando o espaço físico um lugar de memórias, afetos e identidade cultural, sustentado por um projeto representacional associado a diferentes e contraditórios valores historicamente constituídos. Trata-se de um estudo de caso único, ancorado na epistemologia dialógica, que tem, como sujeitos, crianças entre 7 e 11 anos, participantes de um projeto cultural. Para a produção de dados, utilizou-se uma vivência no Centro Histórico de Cuiabá, por meio de um roteiro narrativo. Os dados foram agrupados em episódios e analisados segundo a noção da análise compreensiva. As crianças deste estudo revelaram a constatação do fenômeno do esvaziamento e silenciamento do Centro Histórico e a ruptura do diálogo intergeracional, que tem impedido a reposição da memória social, sendo o Centro Histórico uma testemunha. cidade material portanto significações detêm espaços históricos Especificamente Cuiabá memórias constituídos Tratase Trata se único dialógica sujeitos 1 anos utilizouse utilizou narrativo compreensiva intergeracional social testemunha

ABSTRACT This text seeks to contribute to the study of children’s social representations of the city, understood as a material, cultural matrix and artifact, and therefore as a legitimate object about which different social groups share and produce meanings. Historic city centers have their own objectifications because their spaces bear the marks of historical events, evoke the past in their specific form of organization, and tell the memory of the place. Specifically, the debate presented aims to analyze the perezhivaniya of children in the Historic Center of Cuiabá, considering the physical space as a memory site, affections and cultural identity, sustained by a representational project associated with different and contradictory historically constituted values. This is a single case study, anchored in a dialogical epistemology, whose subjects are children between the ages of 7 and 11 who participate in a cultural project. The data were collected through a perezhivanie in the historic center of Cuiabá, using a narrative script. The data were grouped into episodes and analyzed according to the concept of comprehensive analysis. The children of this study revealed the phenomenon of the emptying and silencing of the Historic Center and the rupture of the intergenerational dialogue that has prevented the replacement of social memory, with the Historic Center as a witness. childrens s material artifact meanings events organization place Specifically Cuiabá site identity values epistemology 1 script analysis witness

Abstract Guayaquil is a city with little attraction for cultural tourism due to the low number, recognition and relative “youth” of its heritage buildings. This paper tries to characterize the historic center of the city, identify its heritage importance and analyze its tourist-cultural potential, using a qualitative method based on the opinion of its citizens to propose functional integration actions in its timid offer of cultural tourism. Contrary to the initial hypotheses, there is evidence of citizen interest in the development of tourism and in the promotion of public policies for the protection and enhancement of its emblematic buildings. At the same time, the need to adopt a more proactive vision in the treatment of architectural heritage is shown, abandoning emergency or merely punctual actions and proposing its management and comprehensive planning. number youth “youth buildings touristcultural tourist potential hypotheses time shown planning

Resumo Guayaquil é uma cidade com pouca atração para o turismo cultural devido ao baixo número, reconhecimento e relativa “juventude” de seus edifícios patrimoniais. Este artigo procura caracterizar o seu centro histórico, identificar a sua importância patrimonial e analisar o seu potencial turístico-cultural, utilizando um método qualitativo baseado na opinião dos seus cidadãos para propor ações de integração funcional na sua tímida oferta de turismo cultural. Contrariamente às hipóteses iniciais, há evidências de interesse dos cidadãos no desenvolvimento do turismo e na promoção de políticas públicas de proteção e valorização dos seus edifícios emblemáticos. Ao mesmo tempo, mostra-se a necessidade de adotar uma visão mais proativa no tratamento do património arquitetônico, abandonando ações emergenciais ou meramente pontuais e propondo a sua gestão e planeamento integral.. número juventude “juventude patrimoniais histórico turísticocultural, turísticocultural turístico cultural, turístico-cultural iniciais emblemáticos tempo mostrase mostra se arquitetônico integral integral.

Resumen Guayaquil es una ciudad con poca atracción para el turismo cultural debido al escaso número, reconocimiento y relativa “juventud” de sus edificios patrimoniales. En este trabajo se intenta caracterizar su centro histórico, identificar su importancia patrimonial y analizar sus potencialidades turístico-culturales, utilizando un método cualitativo basado en la opinión de sus ciudadanos para plantear acciones de integración funcional en su tímida oferta de turismo cultural. Contrariamente a las hipótesis iniciales, se evidencia un interés ciudadano en el desarrollo del turismo y en el fomento de políticas públicas de protección y valorización de sus edificios emblemáticos. Al mismo tiempo se muestra la necesidad de adoptar una visión más proactiva en el tratamiento del patrimonio arquitectónico, abandonando las actuaciones de emergencia o meramente puntuales y planteando su gestión y ordenación integral. número juventud “juventud patrimoniales histórico turísticoculturales, turísticoculturales turístico culturales, culturales turístico-culturales iniciales emblemáticos arquitectónico integral

Resumo Objetivo da Investigação: Preservar a memória de um lugar através dos monumentos, edifícios e sítios históricos é primordial para garantir que as próximas gerações possam ter acesso a esses espaços, à sua história e cultura. O desafio das cidades turísticas que possuem centros históricos tombados pelo patrimônio histórico é assegurar que todas as pessoas, independentemente de ter algum grau de restrição motora, visual ou auditiva, tenham acesso pleno, com autonomia para visitar esses espaços. Vários fatores podem influenciar na escolha de um trajeto para fins utilitários ou de lazer (turístico), e a qualidade e as condições da estrutura urbana voltadas para os deslocamentos a pé podem ser determinantes. Nesse sentido, este artigo objetiva avaliar a qualidade da caminhabilidade de um percurso turístico localizado no centro histórico da cidade de Itu, localizada no estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Metodologia: A metodologia utiliza um índice e indicadores de desempenho para avaliar a qualidade de percursos turísticos voltados a pedestres, através das categorias calçadas, fachadas e travessias. Resultados: Os principais problemas estão relacionados à falta de seguridade, conforto e acessibilidade. O índice e os indicadores propostos permitem realizar uma análise do local através da identificação dos aspectos positivos e negativos que interferem na caminhabilidade do pedestre e tornam o trajeto difícil para o acesso de pessoas com problemas de mobilidade, visão, audição e cognição. Os resultados permitem que os gestores municipais possam propor e implementar soluções de curto e médio prazo para melhorar a qualidade espacial deste local. Originalidade/Valor: O estudo permitiu constatar que embora o Brasil tenha legislações e normativas (patrimoniais e de acessibilidade) específicas, muitos problemas relacionados a acessibilidade ainda são recorrentes em alguns centros históricos de cidades turísticas, o que compromete a visitação de turistas e residentes.

Abstract Research Purpose: Preserving the memory of a place through monuments, buildings and historical places is essential to ensure that future generations can have access to these spaces, their history and culture. The challenge of tourist cities that have historic centers listed by historical heritage is to ensure that all people, regardless of having some degree of motor, visual or hearing restriction, can have full access, with autonomy to visit these spaces. Several factors can influence the choice of a route for utilitarian or leisure (tourist) purposes, and the quality and conditions of urban infrastructure aimed at walking can be decisive. In this sense, this article aims to evaluate the walkability quality of a tourist route located in the historic center of the city of Itu, located in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Methodology: The methodology uses an index and performance indicators to evaluate the quality of tourist routes aimed at pedestrians, through the category’s sidewalks, facades and crossings. Findings: The main problems are related to the lack of security, comfort and accessibility. The proposed index and indicators allow for an analysis of the location by identifying the positive and negative aspects that interfere with pedestrian walkability and make the route difficult for people with mobility, vision, hearing and cognition problems. The results allow municipal managers to propose and implement short and medium-term solutions to improve the spatial quality of these locations. Originality/Value: The study revealed that although Brazil has specific legislation and regulations (heritage and accessibility), many problems related to accessibility are still recurrent in some historic centers of tourist cities, which compromises the visitation of tourists and residents.

Abstract Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of the housing rental market in several Brazilian historic centers. In the Historic Center of Recife (HCR) – composed, roughly, of the neighborhoods of Bairro do Recife, Santo Antônio, São José and Boa Vista, which make up six different submarkets –, rental constitutes an important form of access to housing, especially for the low-income population. Considering that the Boa Vista submarket constitutes the last housing stronghold of the HCR, this use being a fundamental factor to the preservation of its built heritage, this article aims to analyze the functioning of the low-income housing rental market in Boa Vista, seeking to reveal the reasons for the resistance of this use in a historical centrality. centers HCR (HCR composed roughly Antônio lowincome low income population heritage centrality

Resumo Estudos recentes demonstram a importância do mercado de aluguel de moradia em vários centros históricos brasileiros. No Centro Histórico do Recife (CHR) – composto, grosso modo, pelos bairros do Recife, Santo Antônio, São José e Boa Vista, que conformam seis diferentes submercados –, verifica-se que a locação constitui uma importante forma de acesso à moradia, sobretudo para a população de baixa renda. Considerando que o submercado Boa Vista configura o último reduto habitacional do CHR, sendo este uso um fator de fundamental importância para a preservação de seu patrimônio edificado, este artigo tem o objetivo de analisar o funcionamento do mercado de aluguel habitacional de baixa renda da Boa Vista, buscando revelar as razões da resistência desse uso em uma centralidade histórica. brasileiros CHR (CHR composto modo Antônio verificase verifica se edificado histórica

Resumen Un imaginario urbano del centro histórico de Quito ligado a la configuración de la identidad nacional ecuatoriana y al discurso patrimonial oficial guía su planificación y gestión, mientras ignora las relaciones espaciales cotidianas y las memorias locales que configuran una ciudad diferente. En este artículo se analiza cómo residentes, comerciantes, artesanos y artesanas del centro de la urbe quiteña experimentan, piensan y valoran su espacio. Se utiliza una etnografía móvil en la que se combinan distintas herramientas cualitativas, como el mapeo y la fotografía, para examinar experiencias corpóreas y afectivas. Se identifica una variedad de lugares dentro y alrededor del centro histórico, cuya memoria se basa en el movimiento y la relación con emociones positivas y un sentido de lugar de parte de la gente que lo ocupa. Con el artículo se propone que quienes habitan el centro histórico utilizan la noción de movimiento para describir un abundante flujo de personas, dinero y bienes en distintos sitios y calles; en contraste se problematiza la pérdida de este en distintos espacios públicos que, en la segunda década del siglo XXI, son percibidos por sus habitantes como vacíos y muertos. Se concluye discutiendo cómo la relación entre movimiento, transporte y comercio popular genera atmósferas afectivas, evoca otro tipo de imaginario popular y plantea una identidad urbana alternativa.

Abstract The urban imaginary of the historical centre of Quito is strongly linked to the configuration of the Ecuadorian national identity and to the official patrimonial discourse which guide the planning and management of the city centre while ignoring the daily spatial relationships and local memories that make up a different city. Therefore, this research seeks to understand how the residents, merchants and artisans of the city centre experience, think and value their space. This research uses a mobile ethnography and combines different qualitative tools such as mapping and photography to analyse corporeal and affective experiences in the city. The inhabitants use the notion of movement to describe an abundant flow of people, money and goods in different places and streets. The research identifies a variety of places in and around the historic centre remembered by the inhabitants for their movement and related to positive emotions and a sense of place. The article identifies and discusses how the relationship between movement, transportation and popular commerce generates affective atmospheres and problematizes the loss of movement of different public spaces that are currently perceived by the inhabitants as empty and dead. The article proposes that the places of movement evoke another type of popular imaginary and generate an alternative urban identity.