ABSTRACT Purpose: To compare the refractive prediction error of Hill-radial basis function 3.0 with those of 3 conventional formulas and 11 combination methods in eyes with short axial lengths. Methods: The refractive prediction error was calculated using 4 formulas (Hoffer Q, SRK-T, Haigis, and Hill-RBF) and 11 combination methods (average of two or more methods). The absolute error was determined, and the proportion of eyes within 0.25-diopter (D) increments of absolute error was analyzed. Furthermore, the intraclass correlation coefficients of each method were computed to evaluate the agreement between target refractive error and postoperative spherical equivalent. Results: This study included 87 eyes. Based on the refractive prediction error findings, Hoffer Q formula exhibited the highest myopic errors, followed by SRK-T, Hill-RBF, and Haigis. Among all the methods, the Haigis and Hill-RBF combination yielded a mean refractive prediction error closest to zero. The SRK-T and Hill-RBF combination showed the lowest mean absolute error, whereas the Hoffer Q, SRK-T, and Haigis combination had the lowest median absolute error. Hill-radial basis function exhibited the highest intraclass correlation coefficient, whereas SRK-T showed the lowest. Haigis and Hill-RBF, as well as the combination of both, demonstrated the lowest proportion of refractive surprises (absolute error >1.00 D). Among the individual formulas, Hill-RBF had the highest success rate (absolute error ≤0.50 D). Moreover, among all the methods, the SRK-T and Hill-RBF combination exhibited the highest success rate. Conclusions: Hill-radial basis function showed accuracy comparable to or surpassing that of conventional formulas in eyes with short axial lengths. The use and integration of various formulas in cataract surgery for eyes with short axial lengths may help reduce the incidence of refractive surprises. Purpose Hillradial Hill radial 30 0 3. 1 Methods SRKT, SRKT SRK T, T HillRBF RBF average methods. . methods) determined 0.25diopter 025diopter diopter 0.25 25 D (D analyzed Furthermore equivalent Results 8 findings errors HillRBF, RBF, zero coefficient both 100 00 >1.0 D. D) 050 50 ≤0.5 Moreover Conclusions 25diopter 025 0.2 2 10 >1. 05 5 ≤0. 02 0. >1 ≤0 > ≤

Resumen: El artículo discute las contribuciones del pensamiento feminista negro a la crítica de la injusticia epistémica – aquí entendida como uno de los rostros de la injusticia social, globalmente considerada. Este trabajo analiza, en particular, los planteamientos de la filósofa brasileña Sueli Carneiro y de la socióloga estadounidense Patricia Hill Collins. Cada una en su contexto poscolonial, las dos autoras (a) teorizan sobre los mecanismos de opresión/sujeción de las mujeres negras y sus luchas por la emancipación; (b) formulan sus teorías críticas considerando las matrices teóricas y epistemológicas del saber hegemónico; (c) presentan algunos horizontes alternativos existentes, que emergen del pensamiento del feminismo negro. El artículo extrae conclusiones positivas en cuanto al vigor e importancia de la crítica social formulada por ambas autoras y argumenta en defensa de la pertinencia de enmarcar el debate en los términos de las reivindicaciones de justicia social. Resumen considerada analiza particular Collins poscolonial (a opresiónsujeción opresión sujeción emancipación b (b hegemónico c (c existentes

Abstract: The article discusses the contributions of black feminism thought to the critique of the epistemic injustice – here understood as one of the faces of social injustice, globally considered. This work analyzes, particularly, the approaches of the Brazilian philosopher Sueli Carneiro and the American sociologist Patricia Hill Collins. Each in its post-colonial context, the two authors (a) theorize about the mechanisms of oppression/subjection of black women and their struggles for emancipation; (b) formulate their critical theories considering the theoretical and epistemological matrices of hegemonic knowledge; (c) present some existing alternative horizons, which emerge from black feminism thought. The article draws positive conclusions as to the vigor and importance of social criticism formulated by both authors and argues in defense of the relevance of framing the debate under the terms of the claims for social justice. Abstract considered analyzes particularly Collins postcolonial post colonial context a (a oppressionsubjection oppression subjection emancipation b (b knowledge c (c horizons justice

Resumo: O artigo discute as contribuições do feminismo negro para a crítica da injustiça epistêmica – aqui entendida como uma das faces da injustiça social global. Particularmente, são analisadas as abordagens da filósofa brasileira Sueli Carneiro e da socióloga estadunidense Patricia Hill Collins. Cada qual em seu contexto pós-colonial, as duas autoras (a) teorizam a respeito dos mecanismos de opressão/sujeição das mulheres negras e suas lutas por emancipação; (b) formulam sua crítica tendo em vista as matrizes teóricas e epistemológicas do conhecimento hegemônico; (c) apresentam horizontes alternativos existentes, que emergem a partir do feminismo negro. O artigo conclui positivamente quanto ao vigor e a importância da crítica social formulada por ambas e argumenta quanto à relevância de enquadrar o debate sob os termos das reivindicações por justiça social. Resumo global Particularmente Collins póscolonial, póscolonial pós colonial, colonial pós-colonial (a opressãosujeição opressão sujeição emancipação b (b hegemônico c (c existentes

Resumen: El artículo aborda la importancia de los ámbitos público y privado en el análisis feminista, destacando la presencia de la dicotomía entre estas esferas en las teorías del patriarcado y la interseccionalidad. La separación entre lo público y lo privado tiene raíces históricas y está relacionada con la opresión de las mujeres en la esfera privada y su exclusión de la esfera pública. Se critica la exclusión de las mujeres de la teoría política tradicional y la invisibilidad de sus identidades de género, señalando la importancia de reconocerla influencia del género en la esfera pública y la economía. La oposición entre lo público y lo privado se explora en los estudios feministas e impregna las teorías del patriarcado y la interseccionalidad, expresadas aquí por los escritos de Pateman, Okin, Fraser, Walby, Hill Collins, Crenshaw, Davis y Bilge; destacando el potencial de complementariedad entre ambas corrientes teóricas. Resumen feminista interseccionalidad economía Pateman Okin Fraser Walby Collins Crenshaw Bilge teóricas

Resumo: O artigo discute a importância dos domínios público e privado na análise feminista, destacando a presença da dicotomia entre essas esferas nas teorias do patriarcado e na interseccionalidade. A separação entre o público e o privado tem raízes históricas e está relacionada à opressão das mulheres na esfera privada e sua exclusão da esfera pública. A exclusão das mulheres da teoria política tradicional e a invisibilidade de suas identidades de gênero são criticadas, apontando a importância de reconhecer a influência do gênero na esfera pública e na economia. A oposição entre público e privado é explorada nos estudos feministas e permeia as teorias do patriarcado e da interseccionalidade, aqui expressas pelos escritos de Pateman, Okin, Fraser, Walby, Hill Colins, Crenshaw, Davis e Bilge, evidenciando o potencial de complementaridade entre ambas as correntes teóricas. Resumo feminista interseccionalidade criticadas economia Pateman Okin Fraser Walby Colins Crenshaw Bilge teóricas

Abstract: The paper discusses the importance of the public and private domains in feminist analysis, highlighting the presence of the dichotomy between these spheres in theories of patriarchy and intersectionality. The separation between the public and the private has historical roots and is related to the oppression of women in the private sphere and their exclusion from the public sphere. The exclusion of women from traditional political theory and the invisibility of their gender identities are critiqued, pointing to the importance of recognizing the influence of gender in the public sphere and the economy. The opposition between public and private is explored in feminist studies and permeates the theories of patriarchy and intersectionality, expressed here by the writings of Pateman, Okin, Fraser, Walby, Hill Collins, Crenshaw, Davis and Bilge; highlighting the potential for complementarity between both theoretical currents. Abstract analysis intersectionality critiqued economy Pateman Okin Fraser Walby Collins Crenshaw Bilge currents

Abstract Introduction: The creation of protected natural areas within urban environments has played an essential role in providing small reservoirs of native vegetation and refuges for endemic species. However, knowledge of how land management and landscape design can influence the different community structures of urban parks is scarce. Objective: To analyze, through ant communities, the influence of urbanization in a protected natural area (PNA) located in an urban zone. Methods: From April to July 2022, using bait traps and pitfall traps along 100 m transects, the presence of ant species was recorded in the El Refugio State Park Natural Area in Tamaulipas, Mexico. Alpha diversity was assessed using Hill numbers, while beta diversity was evaluated using the Jaccard index. Additionally, indicator species were identified through the indicator value (IndVal). Multiple correspondence analysis was conducted to associate the presence of species with environmental variables and vegetation types, and contingency tables were created to relate ant presence to vegetation cover size. Results: In total 18 565 individuals were captured (five subfamilies, 22 genera, and 29 species). Species richness and diversity decreased in sites with low vegetation cover, such as in Tamaulipan thornscrub; secondary vegetation retained greater species richness. Indicator species found in secondary vegetation and grassland areas were mainly composed of species that tolerate high temperatures and generalists such as Forelius mccooki and Tetramorium spinosum. The presence of these species is primarily associated with temperature, humidity, and vegetation cover. A relationship between the presence of ant species and vegetation cover size was evident. Conclusion: The structure and composition of ant communities vary according to the type of vegetation structure, particularly in areas that have undergone greater anthropogenic damage. Therefore, the conservation of landscapes, as well as monitoring of these areas, should be considered in future research.

Resumen Introducción: La creación de espacios naturales protegidos en entornos urbanos desempeñan un papel esencial, proporcionando reservorios de vegetación autóctona y refugios de fauna endémica. Sin embargo, es escaso el conocimiento sobre cómo la gestión del suelo y el diseño del paisaje influye en las diferentes estructuras comunitarias de parques urbanos. Objetivo: Analizar a través de comunidades de hormigas la influencia de la urbanización en un área natural protegida en zona urbana. Métodos: De abril a julio de 2022, en transectos de 100 m se colocaron trampas de cebo y Pitfall, se registró la presencia de especies de hormigas del Parque Estatal “El Refugio” (PER), Tamaulipas, México. La diversidad Alfa se evaluó mediante números de Hill y la diversidad Beta con el índice de Jaccard. Se identificaron especies indicadoras con el Valor Indicador (IndVal). Se realizó un análisis de correspondencia múltiple asociando la presencia de especies con variables ambientales y tipos de vegetación. Se realizó una tabla de contingencia para relacionar la presencia de hormigas con el tamaño de cobertura vegetal. Resultados: En total, se capturaron 18 565 individuos (cinco subfamilias, 22 géneros y 29 especies). La riqueza y diversidad de especies disminuyó en sitios con baja cobertura vegetal, como en matorral espinoso tamaulipeco; la vegetación secundaria conservó mayor riqueza de especies. Áreas de vegetación secundaria y pastizal registraron especies indicadoras, principalmente especies generalistas y tolerantes a las altas temperaturas como Forelius mccooki y Tetramorium spinosum. La presencia de especies está asociada con la temperatura, humedad y cobertura vegetal. Se evidenció una relación entre presencia de especies de hormigas y tamaño de cobertura vegetal. Conclusiones: La estructura y composición de las comunidades de hormigas varía de acuerdo con la estructura vegetal, principalmente en áreas que han sufrido mayor daño antropogénico. La conservación de los paisajes y el monitoreo de estas áreas, deben ser considerados en futuras investigaciones.

Abstract Background: Although the loss of Melipona beecheii colonies in meliponaries suggests insufficient availability of melliferous blooming plants, there is limited knowledge about the diversity and conditions of the surrounding vegetation. Question: What is the diversity, structure, and composition of the melliferous and non-melliferous vegetation surrounding meliponaries, and how does it affect the availability of food sources for bees? Study site and dates: The vegetation surrounding nine meliponaries, three in each political state of the Yucatán Peninsula encompassing the main vegetation types, was studied in 2022 and 2023. Methods: Four 150-meter-long transects with the point-centered quadrants method were traced in each meliponary to estimate plant species composition, the availability of melliferous and blooming plants (IVI), diversity parameters (Hill-numbers), tree density, and diameter per strata. Results: 312 taxa, 250 genera, and 73 plant families were recorded. In five meliponaries, blooming melliferous plants accounted for less than 9 % of the IVI, with one meliponary having no blooming species. The highest diversity was found in a meliponary surrounded by semi-evergreen forest. The high stratum had a mean tree height of 5.5 (SD ± 2.9) meters and 3,390 (SD ± 2,702) trees/hectare across vegetation types. The tree diameter was lowest in meliponaries located in the semi-deciduous forest. Conclusions: The meliponaries are surrounded by young secondary vegetation with high density of small trees and predominance of the low stratum. We found a similar vegetation diversity among meliponaries and scarce blooming melliferous plants. Human activity seems to impact plant diversity and food availability for M. beecheii.

Resumen Antecedentes: Aunque la pérdida de colonias de Melipona beecheii en meliponarios sugiere insuficientes plantas melíferas en floración, existe conocimiento limitado sobre la diversidad y condiciones de la vegetación circundante. Pregunta: ¿Cuál es la diversidad, estructura y composición de la vegetación melífera y no melífera circundante a los meliponarios y cómo afecta a la disponibilidad de fuentes de alimento para las abejas? Sitio de estudio y fechas: Vegetación circundante de nueve meliponarios, tres por cada estado de la Península de Yucatán, abarcando los principales tipos de vegetación en 2022 y 2023. Métodos: Con cuatro transectos de 150-metros por meliponario y método de cuadrantes centrados en puntos, se estimó composición, disponibilidad de plantas melíferas y con flores (IVI), parámetros de diversidad (números de Hill), densidad y diámetros de árboles. Resultados: 312 taxa, 250 géneros y 73 familias de plantas registradas. En cinco meliponarios, las plantas melíferas floreciendo representaron menos del 9 % del IVI y uno no tuvo especies floreciendo. La mayor diversidad fue en un meliponario rodeado de selva mediana subperennifolia. La altura promedio de árboles en el estrato alto fue 5.5 (DE ± 2,9) metros, con 3,390 (DE ± 2.702) árboles/hectárea en todos los tipos de vegetación. El diámetro de árboles fue menor en meliponarios en selva mediana subcaducifolia. Conclusiones: Los meliponarios están rodeados de vegetación secundaria joven, alta densidad de árboles pequeños, predominio del estrato bajo, características similares y escasas plantas melíferas floreciendo, sugiriendo que, la actividad humana afecta la diversidad vegetal y disponibilidad de alimento para M. beecheii.

Abstract This article aims to demonstrate that the use of intersectionality, as an analytical, political and social strategy, is compatible with a critical and radical reading of criminology, considering LGBT issues as a central point of the implications of violence and vulnerability. Intersectionality is used as a strategy for contemporary criminological thinking, given its analytical potential regarding the intersection of power systems and the production of inequalities. The course of reflections, which has LGBTphobic violence as a starting point, begins with a brief exposition of Brazilian data on homotransphobia and its relations with the intersectional perspective. It then justifies the choice of Patricia Hill Collins and her approach to intersectionality as a critical social theory. It advances the analysis of intersectional thinking as a necessary strategy for contemporary criminological criticism, by repositioning reflections on vulnerability, especially regarding LGBT debates. The results of these discussions leave open possibilities for a paradigm shift in Brazilian critical criminological thinking, which has become accustomed to working with social markers of difference in a generic or isolationist bias, a perspective that can be overcome with the intersectional criminology proposed by Hillary Potter. vulnerability inequalities theory criticism debates bias Potter

Resumo O presente artigo tem como objetivo demonstrar que o uso da interseccionalidade, enquanto estratégia analítica, política e social, se compatibiliza com uma leitura crítica e radical da criminologia, considerando as questões LGBT como ponto central das implicações de violência e vulnerabilidade. A interseccionalidade é empregada como estratégia para o pensamento criminológico contemporâneo, diante do seu potencial analítico quanto ao entrecruzamento dos sistemas de poder e a produção de desigualdades. O percurso das reflexões, que tem a violência LGBTfóbica como ponto de partida, inicia com uma breve exposição de dados brasileiros sobre a homotransfobia e suas relações com a perspectiva interseccional. Em seguida, justifica a escolha de Patrícia Hill Collins e sua abordagem da interseccionalidade como teoria crítica social. Avança na análise do pensamento interseccional como estratégia necessária à crítica criminológica contemporânea, ao reposicionar reflexões sobre vulnerabilidade, especialmente quanto aos debates LGBT’s. Os resultados destas discussões deixam em aberto possibilidades de uma mudança paradigmática no pensamento criminológico crítico brasileiro, que se habituou a trabalhar com marcadores sociais da diferença em um viés genérico ou isolacionista, perspectiva que pode ser superada com a criminologia interseccional proposta por Hillary Potter. analítica social vulnerabilidade contemporâneo desigualdades partida seguida contemporânea LGBTs. LGBTs s. s LGBT’s brasileiro isolacionista Potter

Resumen Antecedentes: El bosque tropical caducifolio constituye zonas con altos niveles de biodiversidad; sin embargo, este ecosistema presente en el municipio de Nocupétaro, Michoacán carece de inventarios florísticos. Preguntas: ¿Qué especies están presentes en el área de estudio? ¿Cuáles especies son endémicas de México y cuántas están en riesgo? ¿Con qué zona tiene mayor afinidad florística? Especies en estudio: Plantas vasculares. Sitio y fechas de estudio: Área de un bosque tropical caducifolio ubicada en el municipio de Nocupétaro, Michoacán, México; septiembre 2016 a noviembre 2017. Métodos: Se realizaron recolectas botánicas en campo. Los especímenes se identificaron con bibliografía especializada. La vegetación se definió con base en la fisonomía y las especies dominantes. Los resultados se comparan con cuatro zonas de bosque tropical caducifolio. Resultados: Se registran 56 familias, 135 géneros, 173 especies y ocho taxa infraespecíficos. Las familias mejor representadas son Fabaceae (34 spp.), Asteraceae (12 spp.), Euphorbiaceae (11 spp.), Apocynaceae (9 spp.), Malvaceae (8 spp.) y Convolvulaceae (7 spp.). Los géneros con más especies son Euphorbia (6), Senna (6), Ipomoea (5) y Bursera (4). Cuarenta y cinco especies son endémicas de México; dos están enlistadas en la NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010 y tres en la Lista Roja de la IUCN con una categoría de riesgo. El área tiene mayor similitud florística con el cerro La Parotita. Conclusiones: La información generada es la base para otras investigaciones (ecológicas, faunísticas) y resalta la importancia de seguir estudiando y conservando este ecosistema en la región.

Abstract Background: Tropical deciduous forest possesses high levels of biodiversity; however, there is not a complete floristic survey of this ecosystem in the municipality of Nocupétaro, Michoacán. Questions: Which species are present in the study area? Which species are endemic to Mexico and how many are at risk? With which area does it have the greatest floristic affinity? Studied species: Vascular plants. Study site and dates: An area of tropical deciduous forest occurring in the municipality of Nocupétaro, Michoacán, Mexico; September 2016 to November 2017. Methods: Specimens were collected in the field and determined using pertinent specialized literature. The vegetation was defined using physiognomy and dominant species. Results: Fifty-six families, 135 genera, 173 species, and eight infraespecific taxa were registered. The families with more species were Fabaceae (34 spp.), Asteraceae (12 spp.), Euphorbiaceae (11 spp.), Apocynaceae (9 spp.), Malvaceae (8 spp.), and Convolvulaceae (7 spp.). The most speciose genera were Euphorbia (6), Senna (6), Ipomoea (5), and Bursera (4). Forty-five species are endemic to Mexico; two are listed in the NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010 and three species are included IUCN Red List with a risk category. The area has a greater floristic affinity with the Parotita hill. Conclusions: The information generated is the basis for other research (ecological, fauna) and stand out the importance of continuing to study and conserve this ecosystem in the region.

ABSTRACT: Wood is an organic material and its energetic and physical properties are related to its chemical and anatomical constituents. This study evaluated the influence of the chemical constituents on the energetic and physical properties of Parapiptadeniarigida(Benth.) Brenan, Peltophorumdubium(Spreng.) Taub.,Eucalyptus grandisW. Hill × Eucalyptus urophyllaS.T. Blake (hybrid), and Schizolobiumparahyba(Vell.) Blake an agroforestry system. Five trees of each species aged 9 years were sampled. Samples were collected at a diameter at breast height (DBH) of 1.30 m above the ground and were used to analyze the chemical, energetic, and physical properties of the wood. Chemical properties influence the energetic and physical properties of wood. We reported that the higher the lignin content in the wood, the greater the correlation with the fixed carbon content (0.76) and gross calorific value (0.65). High values of fixed carbon content increased the basic density of the wood (0.80). In contrast, the lower the lignin content in the wood, the greater the correlation with the extractive content (-0.76) and volatile material content (-0.74), and the higher the volatile material content, the lower the fixed carbon content (-0.98) and gross calorific value (-0.74). ABSTRACT ParapiptadeniarigidaBenth. ParapiptadeniarigidaBenth Parapiptadeniarigida Benth. Benth Parapiptadeniarigida(Benth. Brenan PeltophorumdubiumSpreng. PeltophorumdubiumSpreng Peltophorumdubium Spreng. Spreng Peltophorumdubium(Spreng. TaubEucalyptus Taub grandisW urophyllaST urophyllaS T urophyllaS.T hybrid, hybrid , (hybrid) SchizolobiumparahybaVell. SchizolobiumparahybaVell Schizolobiumparahyba Vell. Vell Schizolobiumparahyba(Vell. system sampled DBH (DBH 130 1 30 1.3 0.76 076 0 76 (0.76 0.65. 065 0.65 . 65 (0.65) 0.80. 080 0.80 80 (0.80) contrast (-0.76 0.74, 074 0.74 74 (-0.74) 0.98 098 98 (-0.98 0.74. Parapiptadeniarigida(Benth Peltophorumdubium(Spreng (hybrid Schizolobiumparahyba(Vell 13 3 1. 0.7 07 7 (0.7 06 0.6 6 (0.65 08 0.8 8 (0.80 (-0.7 (-0.74 0.9 09 (-0.9 0. (0. (0.6 (0.8 (-0. (0 (-0 ( (-

RESUMO: A madeira é um material orgânico e as suas propriedades energéticas e físicas estão relacionadas com os seus constituintes químicos e anatômicos. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a influência dos constituintes químicos nas propriedades energéticas e física da madeira de Parapiptadenia rigida (Benth.) Brenan, Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Taub., Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill × Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake (híbrido) e Schizolobium parahyba (Vell.) Blake, provenientes de um sistema agroflorestal. Foram amostradas cinco árvores de cada espécie, com a idade de nove anos. Sendo coletadas amostras do diâmetro a altura do peito (DAP) à 1,30 m do solo, que foram utilizadas para análise das propriedades químicas, energéticas e física da madeira. As propriedades químicas influenciam nas propriedades energéticas e física da madeira. Quanto maior o teor de lignina na madeira maior será a correlação com o teor de carbono fixo (0,76) e de poder calorífico superior (0,65), assim como, elevados valores de teor de carbono fixo aumentam a massa específica básica da madeira (0,80). Em contrapartida, quanto menor o teor de lignina na madeira maior será a correlação com o teor de extrativos (-0,76) e teor de materiais voláteis (-0,74), sendo que, maiores valores de teor de materiais voláteis reduzem o teor de carbono fixo (-0,98) e o poder calorífico superior (-0,74) da madeira. RESUMO anatômicos Benth. Benth (Benth. Brenan Spreng. Spreng (Spreng. Taub Taub. W ST S T S.T híbrido (híbrido Vell. Vell (Vell. agroflorestal espécie anos DAP (DAP 130 1 30 1,3 solo 0,76 076 0 76 (0,76 0,65, 065 0,65 , 65 (0,65) 0,80. 080 0,80 . 80 (0,80) contrapartida (-0,76 0,74, 074 0,74 74 0,98 098 98 (-0,98 (-0,74 (Benth (Spreng (Vell 13 3 1, 0,7 07 7 (0,7 06 0,6 6 (0,65 08 0,8 8 (0,80 (-0,7 0,9 09 9 (-0,9 0, (0, (0,6 (0,8 (-0, (0 (-0 ( (-

Abstract This article analyzes the ambivalent character of Cerro Chaparrí in the mythology of the northern Peruvian coast through the study of a series of myths describing the confrontations between this hill and the Yanahuanca. These myths, present in different documentary sources, explain the agency attributed to the hill and how it is invoked today in the “mesas” or ritual sessions of master healers and witches of a wide region. Chaparri is considered a “healer”, associated with the identity of the Sun, as well as a “witch” who devours the shadows of those who pass through him and his victims. This double identity explains the diversity and complexity of ritual practices that use the hill as a setting, or in which its “charm” is invoked. The approach of the text is ethnographic addressing notions of agency, intentionality, humanity, petrification or the materiality of Cerro Chaparrí, of which there are no monographic studies in Americanist literature.

Resumen Este artículo analiza el carácter ambivalente del cerro Chaparrí en la mitología de la costa norte peruana en base al estudio de una serie de mitos que describen los enfrentamientos entre este cerro y el Yanahuanca. Dichos mitos, presentes en distintas fuentes documentales, explican la agencia que se atribuye al cerro y cómo es invocado hoy en las “mesas” o sesiones rituales de maestros curanderos y brujos de una amplia región. Chaparrí es percibido como un “curandero”, asociado con la identidad del Sol, y como un “brujo-malero” que devora las sombras de quienes lo atraviesan y de sus víctimas. Esta doble identidad explica la diversidad y complejidad de prácticas rituales que tienen al cerro como escenario, o en las que su “encanto” es invocado. El enfoque del texto es etnográfico y aborda nociones de agencia, intencionalidad, humanidad, petrificación o la materialidad del cerro Chaparrí, sobre el que no contamos con estudios monográficos en la literatura americanista.

Summary Background and aims: The demand for native ornamentáis species has increased and the utilization of novel ornamental crops is a way of promoting their use and care by the community. Considering the high richness of the Tandilia hills, the objective of this study was to survey native plants with potential ornamental value and to propose suggestions for their use in landscaping. M&M: From the floristic survey carried out in a hill area of the south of Tandilia, a list of native species with potential ornamental value was made. For each species, it was recorded: growth habit; ornamental morphological attributes; flowering season and, depending on the environment's characteristics where they thrive, at least one suggestion for landscaping use was made. Results: A total of 47 species were proposed as ornamental, with predominance of perennial herbs (34), shrubs (11) and spring flowering. Foliage was the most frequent ornamental attribute. The main suggestion use category was: full-sun beds in shallow soils, followed in decreasing order by full-sun beds in deep soils; rock gardens, green roofs or full-sun vertical gardens; partial shadow beds in deep soils; partial shadow beds in shallow soils; shadow beds or shadow vertical gardens ponds. Conclusions: The southern hill areas of Tandilia have native flora of potential ornamental value that could be used in landscaping integrating different plantations, enhancing their cultural and patrimonial value.

Resumen Introducción y objetivos: La demanda de especies nativas con fines ornamentales ha aumentado y su uso representa una estrategia de valoración y conservación de las mismas por parte de la comunidad. Considerando la riqueza de las sierras de Tandilia, el objetivo de este trabajo fue relevar nativas de valor ornamental potencial y proponer sugerencias de uso de las mismas en espacios verdes. M&M: Del relevamiento florístico de un área del sur de Tandilia se elaboró un listado de especies nativas de uso ornamental potencial. Para cada especie se registró: hábito de crecimiento; atributos morfológicos ornamentales; época de floración y, según las características de los ambientales donde prosperan, se le adjudicó al menos una sugerencia de uso. Resultados: Se proponen 47 especies ornamentales, predominando las hierbas perennes (34) y los arbustos (11) y las floraciones primaverales. El follaje fue el atributo ornamental más frecuente. La principal sugerencia de uso fue la categoría macizos y/o canteros a pleno sol en suelos poco profundos, seguida de: macizos y/o canteros a pleno sol en suelos profundos; jardines de rocallas, techos verdes y/o jardines verticales a pleno sol; macizos y/o canteros a media sombra con suelos profundos; macizos y/o canteros a media sombra con suelos poco profundos; macizos, canteros y/o jardines verticales a la sombra; estanques. Conclusiones: Las áreas del sur de Tandilia poseen flora nativa de potencial valor ornamental que podrían emplearse en el diseño de espacios verdes integrando distintas plantaciones, realzando su valor cultural y patrimonial.

Abstract. The article analyzes the experiences of Yaqui women in their access and admission to the first year of university, emphasizing the cases that implied the temporary mobility from their community to the city. In this sense, tensions caused by their belonging (Saraví, 2021) and the consolidation of strategies during this stretch of their educational trajectory (Santamaría, 2016; Bourdieu, 2001) were identified. Intersectionality is used as an analysis framework (Hill and Bilge, 2019) in reason that with this, it is possible to track the circumstances faced by the indigenous women in spaces where they represent a form of otherness. For its making, ethnographic technics based on three in-depth interviews and informal conversations with professional Yaqui women from different communities where retaken. As a finding, it is proposed that the belonging, and specially the ethnic belonging, generates tensions in spaces where they represent otherness but that also allows them to break into homogeneous and exclusion processes due the strategies, which show de potential, strength and persistence that, characterize the Yaqui women. As conclusion, generating further studies from intersectionality point of view is proposed in order to understand the educational trajectory of indigenous women from a multidimensional perspective.

Resumen. El artículo analiza las experiencias de mujeres yaquis en su acceso e ingreso al primer año universitario, en particular en los casos que implicaron la movilidad temporal de su comunidad a una urbe. Se identifican las tensiones propiciadas por su pertenencia (Saraví, 2021) y la consolidación de estrategias durante este tramo de su trayectoria educativa (Santamaría, 2016; Bourdieu, 2001). Como marco de análisis, se recurre a la interseccionalidad (Hill y Bilge, 2019), pues con ello es posible rastrear las circunstancias que las mujeres indígenas enfrentaron en espacios donde representaron una forma de alteridad. Para su realización, se retomaron técnicas etnográficas basadas en tres entrevistas en profundidad y conversaciones informales con mujeres yaquis profesionistas de distintos pueblos. Como hallazgo, se plantea que la pertenencia, y sobre todo la pertenencia étnica, genera tensiones en espacios donde representan la otredad, pero que también les permite irrumpir en procesos homogéneos y de exclusión a partir de estrategias que dan muestra de la potencia, la fuerza y la persistencia que caracteriza a las mujeres yaquis. Como conclusión, se propone llevar a cabo más estudios desde la interseccionalidad para comprender, con base en una visión multidimensional, las trayectorias universitarias de las mujeres indígenas.

Resumo Uma recente visita à Hill House do arquiteto Rennie Mackintosh em Helensburgh, Escócia, originou este artigo de reflexão. Os passeios pelos seus diferentes espaços evocam memórias, ideias, associações de imagens de outras casas, de outros tempos e de outros lugares. A obra exibe uma forma de viver em que certos comportamentos humanos arquetípicos parecem encontrar também respostas arquetípicas na arquitetura da casa, manifestações espaciais paradigmáticas que continuam a orientar o design doméstico hoje. Do antigo Castelo de Hedingham, em Essex, Inglaterra, ao pequeno apartamento desenhado por Christian Pottgiesser em Paris, o itinerário passa não só pelos quartos da Hill House, mas também por outras obras de arquitetura, cinema e pintura que se unem no mesmo modo de viver, sentir, pensar (e fazer pensar) e criar espaço doméstico. Através deste itinerário, descobre-se um percurso histórico argumentativo de transformações espaciais que poderá explicar, provisoriamente, a persistência de determinados tipos espaciais domésticos nas arquiteturas contemporâneas, ao mesmo tempo em que nos remete para as suas origens mais remotas e esquecidas.

Abstract This work is the result of a recent visit to the Hill House designed by architect Rennie Mackintosh in Helensburgh, Scotland. Looking around the house evokes memories, ideas, and associations with other houses, other times, and other places. The work displays a way of inhabiting in which certain archetypal human behaviors also seem to find archetypal responses in the architecture of the house, which are paradigmatic spatial manifestations that still guide domestic projects today. From the ancient Hedingham Castle in Essex, England, to the small apartment designed by Christian Pottgiesser in Paris, the itinerary not only includes the Hill House’s rooms, but also other works of architecture, cinema, and painting that converge on the same way of living, feeling, and creating the domestic space. Through this itinerary, a historical argumentative path of spatial transformations is discovered, which could provisionally explain the persistence of certain domestic spatial types in contemporary architecture while also recalling its most remote and forgotten origins.

Resumen Una visita reciente a la Hill House del arquitecto Rennie Mackintosh, en Helensburgh, Escocia, origina este artículo de reflexión. Los recorridos por sus diferentes ámbitos convocan recuerdos, ideas, asociaciones de imágenes de otras casas, otros tiempos y lugares. El trabajo muestra un modo de habitar en el que ciertos comportamientos arquetípicos del ser humano parecen encontrar respuestas también arquetípicas en la arquitectura de la casa, manifestaciones espaciales paradigmáticas que siguen guiando el proyecto doméstico en nuestros días. Desde el antiguo castillo de Hedingham en Essex, Inglaterra, hasta el pequeño apartamento proyectado por Christian Pottgiesser en París, el itinerario no es solo a través de las habitaciones de la Hill House, sino de otras obras de la arquitectura, el cine y la pintura, que confluyen congregadas por una misma forma de vivir, sentir y crear el espacio doméstico. Mediante este itinerario se descubre una vía histórica argumental de transformaciones espaciales que podría explicar, provisionalmente, la persistencia de ciertos arquetipos domésticos en las arquitecturas contemporáneas, a la vez que remitirnos a sus orígenes más remotos y olvidados.

ABSTRACT Introduction: In Cuba, there is a tendency to decentralize productions with the creation of livestock modules where different livestock species coexist, such as swine, cattle and poultry. In this context, anaerobic digestion (AD) is an alternative for the decarbonization of the agricultural sector, since it generates energy during waste treatment. Objective: To evaluate the AD of swine manure (SM) and poultry manure (PM) with cattle manure (CM) in terms of biochemical methane potential (BMP), and kinetic parameters in mono and co-digestion. Materials and Methods: The trial was conducted in 2 L reactors at 27 °C (average). The BMP of SM, PM and CM was determined in mono-digestion, and then with addition of 15, 30 and 45 % of CM, to the PM40:SM60 mixture. To describe the kinetic behavior of the process, experimental data were fitted to three first and second order models. Results and Discussion: The experimental BMP with CM addition was higher than expected, with increase between 26-31 %, demonstrating the synergy of the mixtures; since the C/N ratio and the methanogenic archaeal community were improved. The models were adjusted to the experimental data with adjusted coefficients of determination higher than 90 %. Conclusions: The addition of CM increased the experimental methane yield over the expected one. The Hill model shows a maximum yield of 369 LCH4/kgVS for mixtures with 15 and 30 % CM. The best variant was with 15 %, and it is necessary to transport manure from 20 cows to the biodigester.

RESUMEN Introducción: En Cuba, existe tendencia a descentralizar producciones con la creación de módulos pecuarios donde coexisten diferentes especies de ganado, como porcino, vacuno y avícola. En este contexto, la digestión anaerobia (DA) resulta una alternativa para la descarbonización del sector agropecuario, ya que genera energía durante el tratamiento de residuales. Objetivo: Evaluar la DA de estiércol porcino (EP) y gallinaza (EG) con estiércol vacuno (EV) en términos del potencial bioquímico de metano (PBM), y parámetros cinéticos en mono y codigestión. Materiales y Métodos: El ensayo se realizó en reactores de 2 L a 27 ºC (promedio). Se determinó el PBM del EP, EG y EV en monodigestión, y luego con adición de 15, 30 y 45 % de EV, a la mezcla EG40:EP60. Para describir el comportamiento cinético del proceso, se ajustaron los datos experimentales a tres modelos de primero y segundo orden. Resultados y Discusión: El PBM experimental con adición de EV fue superior al esperado, con incremento entre 26-31 %, demostrando la sinergia de las mezclas; ya que se mejoró la relación C/N y la comunidad de arqueas metanogénicas. Los modelos se ajustaron a los datos experimentales con coeficientes de determinación ajustado superiores al 90 %. Conclusiones: La adición de EV aumentó el rendimiento de metano experimental respecto al esperado. El modelo de Hill muestra un rendimiento máximo de 369 LCH4/kgSV para las mezclas con 15 y 30 % de EV. La mejor variante fue con 15 %, y se necesita transportar estiércol de 20 vacas al biodigestor.

Resumo A gestão florestal tradicional pós-fogo pode influenciar a vegetação futura do local e a recuperação da área ardida. O presente estudo, integrado no projeto SUDOE-REMAS (SOE3/P4/E0954) e na Unidade Curricular de Silvicultura II ministrada no Instituto Superior de Agronomia da Universidade de Lisboa, avaliou o efeito da gestão florestal na diversidade da vegetação pós-fogo no sobreiral da Serra do Caldeirão (Algarve, S de Portugal). A maioria dos solos são classificados como Leptossolos e o clima é do tipo Cs. Selecionaram-se parcelas de 3 tipos: não ardidas com gestão pós-fogo (A), ardidas com gestão pós-fogo (B) e ardidas sem gestão pós-fogo (C). Efetuaram-se inventários florísticos através de transeptos (15 transeptos por tipologia), com 10 m de comprimento cada, para avaliação da abundância e diversidade de espécies. Estimaram-se os índices de diversidade da série de Hill para os indivíduos inventariados. Os resultados indicaram que as parcelas do tipo C apresentam maior diversidade em todos os índices da Série de Hill. As parcelas A apresentaram maior diversidade quando comparadas com as parcelas B. A espécie Lavandula stoechas ssp. luisieri Rozeira é a espécie dominante nos 3 grupos (19% in plots A, 17% in B and 19% in C). Nas parcelas ardidas (B+C), Cistus ladanifer L. representa 14% dos indivíduos presentes, com ou sem gestão. Verificou-se maior presença de espécies pirófitas (géneros Cistus e Ulex) nas parcelas ardidas, com ou sem gestão. Este estudo aponta que o fogo pode favorecer a diversidade de espécies mas não a resistência das mesmas a novos fogos. Ainda assim, a gestão da flora herbácea nas parcelas ardidas parece influenciar positivamente a composição e diversidade.

Abstract Traditional post-fire forest management can influence future vegetation composition and recovery of a burned area. The present study, integrated in SUDOE-REMAS project (SOE3/P4/E0954) and Curricular Unit Silviculture II (Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa), evaluated the effect of forest management on the diversity of post-fire vegetation in the cork oak forest from Serra do Caldeirão (Algarve, Portugal). Climate is classified as Csa and most of soils are Leptosols. We selected three types of cork oak plots: unburned (A), burned with post-fire management (B) and burned with post-fire abandonment (C). Floristic inventories were carried out through transects (15 transects per group and each one with 10 m of length ) to determine species abundance and diversity. Hill series diversity indices were estimated for the individuals inventoried. The results indicated that plots C present greater diversity in all Hill Series indices. Plots A presented greater diversity when compared to B. The species Lavandula stoechas ssp. luisieri Rozeira was the dominant in the 3 groups (19% in plots A, 17% in B and 19% in C). In the burned plots (B+C), Cistus ladanifer L. represented 14% of the total individuals, with or without management. In the unburned plots (A), Ulex argenteus Welw. ex Webb representes 17% of the individuals present. There’s a greater presence of pyrophytic species (genera Cistus and Ulex) in burned plots, with or without management. Fire is favourable to species diversity but not to their resistance to new fires. Nevertheless, management of herbaceous flora in burned plots seems to positively influence vegetation composition and diversity.

ABSTRACT: Community rural tourism is a driving force for local economic development by making sustainable use of a community's resources. The Juan Velasco Alvarado Hilly Dry Forest Private Conservation Area -JVA HDF PCA- has latent tourism potential, which to date, has not been properly exploited by the Juan Velasco Alvarado Peasant Community -JVA PC-. The objective of the study is to formulate a proposal for the development of community rural tourism of the JVA HDF PCA. A situational analysis of the tourist supply and demand of the area was carried out where Pilán Hill, the Inca Mine, the Jaguayes Salas and Cerezo were recognized as the most important tourist resources, whilst the main problem identified was the poor management of tourism in the area. JVA HDF PCA by the JVA PC. As a final result, a proposed action plan was prepared that proposes capacity building, the improvement of ecological infrastructure, and the formation of strategic alliances in order to achieve the sustainability of the natural resources management in the dry forest and the progress of the local community.

RESUMEN: El turismo rural comunitario representa una actividad propulsora del desarrollo económico local aprovechando sosteniblemente los recursos de una comunidad. El Área de Conservación Privada Bosque Seco de Colina Juan Velasco Alvarado -ACP BSC JVA- tiene potencial turístico latente que, hasta la fecha, no ha sido debidamente explotado por la Comunidad Campesina Juan Velasco Alvarado -CC JVA-. El objetivo del estudio consiste en formular una propuesta de desarrollo de turismo rural comunitario del ACP BSC JVA. Se ejecutó un análisis situacional de la oferta y demanda turística del área donde se reconocieron al Cerro Pilán, la Mina Inca, los Jaguayes Salas y Cerezo como los recursos turísticos más importantes, mientras que el principal problema identificado fue la deficiente gestión del turismo del ACP BSC JVA por parte de la CC JVA. Como resultado final, se elaboró una propuesta de plan de acción que plantea el fortalecimiento de capacidades, la mejora de la infraestructura ecológica y la formación de alianzas estratégicas, para así lograr la sostenibilidad de la gestión de los recursos naturales en el bosque seco y el progreso de la comunidad local.