ABSTRACT A checklist of Dermaptera and Phasmatodea from Brazil is presented, from the Catalog of the Brazilian Fauna project, an online platform available at http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br, which gathers taxonomic information (valid species, distribution, synonymies, depository location, etc.) from species recorded in the country. The patterns of known type locations, biome distribution, and rate of new species descriptions in Brazil are discussed. There is a great number of lost types and few numbers of secondary types, indicating that collecting activities focused on Dermaptera and Phasmatodea followed by taxonomic treatments have not been many. The best-known biome in terms of species of Dermaptera and Phasmatodea is the Atlantic Forest, followed by the Amazon Forest. There are significantly less species recorded for the other biomes. This bias may be explained by the colonization of Brazil, which started in areas of Atlantic Forest, and the several expeditions that occurred in the Amazon region in the last century. As for the rate of new species descriptions, a steady and slow pattern of new species described through time is characteristic of Dermaptera, while large gaps of time without any new taxon followed by clusters of many described species is characteristic of Phasmatodea. presented project http//fauna.jbrj.gov.br, httpfaunajbrjgovbr http //fauna.jbrj.gov.br, fauna jbrj gov br http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br valid distribution synonymies location etc. etc country locations discussed bestknown best Forest biomes century http//fauna.jbrj.gov.br faunajbrjgovbr //fauna.jbrj.gov.br

Abstract Communication in science requires standardized terminology with concepts unified that facilitate the processing and exploration of information in any knowledge domain. The morphology is not the exception; however, it has challenged problems, called “the linguistic problem of the morphology”, which is related to the processing of morphological data result of taxonomic work. Ontologies, standardized vocabularies expressed through language parsable (Resource Description Framework, RDF) by machines, are proposed to resolve the linguistic problems in morphology. Springtails are dominants in the soil and other types of habitats with ca 9000 described species. The anatomical terms employed in Collembola are not exempt from problems such as the presence of homonyms related to the chaetotaxy, idiosyncratic language employed in morphological descriptions, and lack of consensual definitions of anatomical terms, which difficult the comparison of morphological data. Collembola Anatomy Ontology (CLAO) is built according to principles established by The OBO Foundry and includes 1554 anatomical terms for the region of the cuticle, appendages, anatomical systems, and cells. CLAO is directed toward morphological descriptions and the production of phenotypic data produced from taxonomic and anatomical works before the obtaining of homologies in a phylogenetic framework. Also, to increase the interoperability with other anatomical ontologies for Arthropoda and knowledge domains. domain exception however morphology, , morphology” work Ontologies Resource Framework RDF machines 900 species chaetotaxy (CLAO 155 cuticle appendages systems cells framework Also domains 90 15 9 1

ABSTRACT New Dermaptera taxa (one new genus and four new species) are reported from amber pieces proceeding from Mina Los Pocitos near Simojovel de Allende, Chiapas. The amber pieces were collected in the lower Miocene Mazantic Shale, including well-preserved earwigs, with only one antecedent for this insect group in the Mexican amber. The presence of this kind of insects supports the paleoenvironmental interpretation for the Mazantic Shale amber as of a humid forest.

RESUMEN Nuevos dermápteros (un género nuevo y cuatro especies nuevas) son reportados de piezas de ámbar procedentes de la Mina Los Pocitos, cerca de near Simojovel de Allende, Chiapas. Las piezas de ámbar, colectadas en la Lutita Mazantic del Mioceno inferior, incluyen ejemplares bien preservados de tijerillas, con solo un antecedente de este grupo para el ámbar mexicano. La presencia de este tipo de insectos apoya la interpretación paleoambiental de un bosque húmedo para el ámbar de la Lutita Mazantic.

Resumo O estudo da alimentação de peixes é uma importante ferramenta para avaliar diferentes níveis de degradação ambiental, uma vez que a disponibilidade de alimentos no ambiente é um fator-chave para a ocorrência de peixes. A remoção da vegetação ripária geralmente causa uma grande perda de qualidade ambiental, uma vez que essa vegetação tem um importante papel em gerar energia para o ecossistema. Nós investigamos os efeitos da remoção da vegetação ripária sobre a rede trófica das assembleias de peixes. Nosso estudo foi conduzido em dois trechos de um riacho do sudeste brasileiro, um em um fragmento florestal e outro em uma pastagem, durante as estações chuvosa e seca de 2014. Analisamos os itens consumidos por cada espécie de peixe utilizando a frequência de ocorrência e a área de cada item, que foram combinados para o cálculo do índice alimentar, o qual foi utilizado para determinar o valor médio da sobreposição de nicho alimentar da assembleia e o índice de especialização da rede trófica. As redes tróficas dos dois trechos foram dominadas por Hexapoda aquáticos, detritos vegetais e matéria orgânica. Observamos maiores valores de sobreposição de nicho alimentar no trecho florestado e redes tróficas mais complexas no trecho de pastagem. Verificamos poucas variações sazonais nos itens consumidos e índices calculados em ambos os trechos estudados. A presença de capim nas margens do trecho de pastagem e a importação de recursos alimentares da área à montante pode ter oferecido uma maior diversidade de recursos e, consequentemente, a assembleia de peixes apresentou rede trófica mais complexa quando comparada ao trecho florestado.

Abstract The study of the diet of fish is an important tool to assess different levels of environmental degradation, since the availability of food in the environment is a key factor for the fish occurrence. The removal of riparian vegetation usually degrades environmental quality, as this vegetation has an important role in providing energy to the ecosystem. This study investigates the effects of the removal of riparian vegetation on the fish assemblage trophic network. The study was carried out in two stretches of a southeastern Brazilian stream, one in a forest fragment and another in a pasture, during the wet and dry seasons of 2014. We analyzed the items consumed by each fish species using the frequency of occurrence and area of each item, which were combined to calculate the alimentary index, which was used to determine the food niche overlap of the fish and the specialization index of the trophic network. Aquatic Hexapoda, vegetal debris and organic matter dominated the trophic network of the two stretches. We detected higher values of food niche overlap in the forested stretch and more complex trophic networks in the pasture stretch. We found few seasonal variations in the items consumed and calculated indices in both stretches studied. The presence of grass on the banks in the pasture stretch and the importation of food resources from the upstream area may have provided a higher diversity of resources and consequently showed a more complex trophic network when compared to the forested stretch.

Resumo Em ecossistemas lóticos é comum a formação de diferentes mesohabitats intercalados ao longo do rio, como poções, corredeiras e rápidos, frequentemente acompanhados de alterações na estrutura da fauna bentônica associada. No trabalho analisamos a fauna de invertebrados bentônicos em rápidos e corredeiras de um trecho de serra do Rio Capivara (Bacia do Médio Rio Tietê). A análise das características ambientais e a coleta da fauna foram realizadas em três corredeiras e três rápidos, em um mês da estação chuvosa (cinco réplicas de cada). Os mesohabitats se diferenciaram quanto ao maior porcentual de blocos nos rápidos e maiores valores de profundidade, correnteza e porcentual de matacões nas corredeiras. Do total de 57 Unidades Taxonômicas Operacionais (UTO's) amostradas, 75% foram comuns aos dois mesohabitats (Similaridade de Morisita = 0,86). Quando analisado o porcentual de abundância, a similaridade espacial se manteve e dois grupos se sobressaíram em abundância: Hexapoda (>80%, sendo a maioria Ephemeroptera, Diptera e Trichoptera) e Annelida (10%). As análises exploratórias (cluster e NMDS) também apontaram para uma elevada similaridade espacial, porém os resultados da Análise de Similaridade (ANOSIM) indicaram uma diferença significativa entre os mesohabitats (p<0,1%), seja analisando o total de UTO's ou retirando as UTO's raras. Cinco grupos tiveram uma maior contribuição para a média de dissimilaridade entre os mesohabitats: Simulium e Baetodes mais abundantes nas corredeiras, Traveryphes, Hagenulopsis e Macrelmis nos rápidos. Assim, os resultados da ANOSIM salientaram a importância do refinamento na identificação para a interpretação mais precisa acerca da relação entre a fauna e a estrutura do habitat.

Abstract The formation of different mesohabitats, such as pools, riffles and runs, is common along the courses of stream ecosystems, and these are frequently accompanied by changes in the benthic fauna structure. In this paper, we analyzed the fauna of benthic invertebrates in riffles and runs of a stretch of the Capivara River (Middle Tietê River Basin). The analyses of the environmental characteristics and samplings of the fauna were performed in three riffles and three runs (five replicates in each) within a month of the rainy season. The mesohabitats differed with respect to the higher percentage of cobble in the runs and greater depth, current and number of boulders in the riffles. Of the total of 57 Operational Taxonomic Unities (OTU's) sampled, 75% were common to both mesohabitats (Morisita Similarity = 0.86). When the percentage of abundance by mesohabitat was analyzed, spatial similarity remained with Hexapoda (> 80%, mainly represented by Ephemeroptera, Diptera and Trichoptera) and Annelida (10%) standing out in abundance. The exploratory analysis (cluster and NMDS) found high spatial similarity, but the results of the Analysis of Similarity (ANOSIM) indicated a significant difference between the mesohabitats (p <0.1%), both when the total OTU's were analyzed or when removing the rare ones. Five groups contributed more greatly to the average dissimilarity between mesohabitats: Simulium and Baetodes were more abundant in riffles, while Traveryphes, Hagenulopsis and Macrelmis were more abundant in runs. Thus, the results of ANOSIM stressed the importance of refining identification for a more precise interpretation of the relationship between fauna and habitat structure.

Abstract: A new species from Durango and Zacatecas, Eutrichocampa (Idiocampa) durangensis, is described and illustrated. This species presents characters that relate it to E. (I.) remyi from Macedonia Republic. The most relevant character to distinguish them is the presence of 1 + 1 macrosetae (lp) on abdominal segments IV-VII in E. (I.) durangensis, absent in E. (I.) remyi.

Resumen: Se describe una nueva especie, Eutrichocampa (Idiocampa) durangensis, hallada en los estados de Durango y Zacatecas. Dicha especie, de hábitos hemiedáficos, presenta caracteres que la relacionan con E. (I.) remyi de la República de Macedonia. Entre los caracteres que las diferencian, el más importante es la presencia en E. (I) durangensis de 1 + 1 macrosedas laterales posteriores en los segmentos abdominales IV-VII, ausente en E. (I.) remyi.

Resumen Este artículo presenta datos sobre los taxones de fauna, con énfasis en poliquetos; hallados en madera en descomposición y sedimentos. El estudio se realizó a través de un gradiente de salinidad dentro de un manglar estuarino de Costa Rica. Se capturaron los organismos destruyendo los leños encontrados en el piso del manglar Térraba. También, se sacó muestras de sedimento con un cilindro plástico. Se encontraron siete filos diferentes en las muestras del sedimento. De los 192 individuos encontrados, 18 eran poliquetos, con nueve familias y 11 especies. Al inspeccionar las muestras de madera en descomposición se encontró 2 564 individuos, distribuidos en cinco filos. Los poliquetos sumaron 429 individuos en ocho familias y 16 especies. Aunque los poliquetos fueron más abundantes en la madera deteriorada, su diversidad fue mayor en las muestras de sedimento. La abundancia de poliquetos en los leños se asoció negativamente con el número de individuos de Mollusca, Hexapoda y Crustacea. Se encontró que el gradiente de salinidad explica en gran medida el cambio en la composición de fauna. La disimilitud en la composición de fauna bentónica hallada en la madera deteriorada y los sedimentos en el manglar de Térraba, indicó que la biodiversidad aumenta al interior del manglar, gracias a la diversidad de micro hábitats. Finalmente varios géneros o especies de poliquetos son nuevos registros para Costa Rica y en general para la Costa Pacífica Centroamericana.

Abstract The present study shows spatial patterns in the faunal assemblage of decaying wood and sediments, with emphasis on the polychaetes. The survey was executed across a salinity gradient in a tropical mangrove estuary of Costa Rica. To capture the organisms we analyzed decomposing logs found in the Térraba mangrove and sediment samples were taken with a corer in the sand bottom. Seven different phyla were found in the sediment samples. Of the 192 individuals found in the sediment samples, 18 were polychaetes belonging to nine families and 11 species. Analyses of decaying wood resulted in 2 564 individuals distributed in five phyla. Polychaetes accounted for 429 individuals belonging to eight families and 16 species. Although, polychaetes were more abundant in decaying wood, and their diversity was lower. The abundance of polychaetes in decaying wood was negatively correlated with the number of individuals of Mollusca, Hexapoda and Crustacea. A change in the composition of polychaetes in decaying wood was found along the salinity gradient of this estuarine zone. Dissimilarities in the composition of benthic fauna in decaying wood and sediments in the Térraba mangrove showed that biodiversity was increased by the microhabitats inside the mangrove forest. Finally, several genera or species of polychaetes are new records for Costa Rica and the Central American Pacific Coast. Rev. Biol. Trop. 63 (Suppl. 1): 61-74. Epub 2015 April 01.

A fauna de abelhas euglossinas da região de Tarapoto, nordeste do Peru, foi amostrada com o uso de dezessete diferentes iscas aromáticas para atrair machos dessas abelhas. Seiscentos e cinquenta e nove machos pertencentes a 41 espécies foram coletados com rede entomológica durante 120 horas de amostragem no final de julho e início de agosto de 2012. Euglossa dressleriMoure, 1968, Euglossa laurensiBembé, 2008, e Euglossa maculilabrisMoure, 1968, três espécies pertencentes ao grupo Euglossa cybelia, foram registradas para o Peru pela primeira vez. Amostragens esporádicas prévias na área, não publicadas, registraram a ocorrência de doze espécies adicionais, não amostradas no presente estudo. Com 53 espécies registradas, a região de Tarapoto torna-se a área mais rica conhecida em abelhas euglossinas em toda a região Neotropical. A diversidade, estimada pelo índice de diversidade de Shannon-Wiener (H′ = 3,02), é também a mais alta já registrada para esse grupo de abelhas.

The orchid-bee fauna of the region of Tarapoto, northeastern Peru, was surveyed using seventeen different scents as baits to attract orchid-bee males. Six hundred and fifty-nine males belonging to 41 species were actively collected with insect nets during 120 hours in late July and early August, 2012. Euglossa dressleriMoure, 1968, Euglossa laurensiBembé, 2008, and Euglossa maculilabrisMoure, 1968, three species belonging to the Euglossa cybelia species-group, are here reported for Peru for the first time. Previous sporadic and unpublished samplings in the area recorded eleven additional species. With 53 species, the region of Tarapoto can be considered the richest single site in the Neotropics for orchid bees. Diversity, estimated with the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H′ = 3.02), was also the highest ever recorded for orchid bees.

As faunas de abelhas-das-orquídeas (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossina) dos três maiores remanescentes florestais do Centro de Endemismo Pernambuco, nordeste do Brazil, sendo elas a Estação Ecológica de Murici (ESEC Murici), a RPPN Frei Caneca e um remanescente florestal pertencente à Usina Serra Grande, foram amostradas com o uso de dezessete diferentes iscas aromáticas para atrair machos dessas abelhas. Oito sítios amostrais foram selecionados nas três áreas, onde amostragens foram realizadas sob duas metodologias: coleta ativa com rede entomológica e coleta com armadilhas. Foram coletados 3.479 machos de abelhas euglossinas durante 160 horas no início de outubro de 2012. Sete espécies foram registradas no Centro de Endemismo Pernambuco pela primeira vez. A riqueza da região se mostrou uma das mais altas de toda a Mata Atlântica, e a diversidade em alguns locais, especialmente na ESEC Murici, revelou-se uma das mais altas de toda a região Neotropical. Eulaema felipei Nemésio, 2010, uma espécie que só havia sido registrada na ESEC Murici, não foi encontrada em nenhuma outra área e seu estado de conservação é discutido.

The orchid-bee faunas (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossina) of the three largest forest remnants in the “Centro de Endemismo Pernambuco”, northeastern Brazil, namely Estação Ecológica de Murici (ESEC Murici), RPPN Frei Caneca, and a forest preserve belonging to Usina Serra Grande, in the states of Alagoas and Pernambuco, were surveyed using seventeen different scents as baits to attract orchid-bee males. Eight sites were established in the three preserves, where samplings were carried out using two protocols: insect netting and bait trapping. We collected 3,479 orchid-bee males belonging to 29 species during 160 hours in early October, 2012. Seven species were collected in the “Centro de Endemismo Pernambuco” for the first time. Richness proved to be one of the highest of the entire Atlantic Forest domain, and diversity in some sites, especially at ESEC Murici, revealed to be one of the highest in the Neotropics. Eulaema felipei Nemésio, 2010, a species previously recorded only at ESEC Murici, was found in no other preserve in the region and its conservation status is discussed.

As faunas de abelhas-das-orquídeas de duas áreas florestais privadas, a Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural da Serra Bonita (RSB) e a Reserva Ecológica Michelin (REM), e de um remanescente florestal na área do campus da Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, foram amostradas pela primeira vez. Um total de 1.782 machos pertencentes a 32 espécies foi coletado com o auxílio de redes entomológicas durante 90 horas de esforço amostral entre Novembro de 2009 e Janeiro de 2012. Euglossa cyanochlora Moure, 1996—uma das espécies mais raras de Euglossina—foi coletada na RSB e na REM, esse último local representando o registro mais ao norte dessa espécie. Euglossa cognata, Moure, 1970 foi coletada na RSB, sendo esse o registro mais ao norte dessa espécie na Mata Atlântica e, também, o único registro recente da espécie ao norte do rio Jequitinhonha.

The orchid bee faunas of two private natural preserves, ‘Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural da Serra Bonita’ (RSB) and ‘Reserva Ecológica Michelin’ (REM), and a forest fragment inside the campus of the ‘Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz’, were surveyed for the first time. All three areas constitute Atlantic Forest remnants in the southern portion of the state of Bahia, Brazil. A total of 1,782 males belonging to 32 species were actively collected with insect nets during 90 hours of field work from November, 2009, to January, 2012. Euglossa cyanochlora Moure, 1996—one of the rarest orchid bee species—was found at RSB and REM, the latter representing the northernmost record for this species. Euglossa cognata, Moure, 1970 was found at RSB, the northernmost record for this species in the Atlantic Forest and the only recent record for this species at the northern border of Jequitinhonha river.

The applicability of two methods for capturing and sampling hexapods inhabiting peatlands is communicated. The methods were based on the Barber and Malaise designs which were installed on three peatlands located in a High Andean sub-watershed of the Elqui River Basin (Region of Coquimbo, Chile). The study lasted three months and was conducted during the pick of biological activity at the site. In the analysis of taxonomic richness (Order in the case of Hexapoda and Family in the case of Diptera) were used the nonparametric estimators Chao 1, Chao-2, Jack-1, Jack-2 and Bootstrap. Together and for the entire study, the two combined methods provided 88217 specimens, recording a richness of 14 orders of Hexapoda and 29 families of Diptera. Both qualitatively and quantitatively the traps differed from each other in the record of taxa. At ordinal level, the combined methods gave a representation of ~ 99% of the orders of Hexapoda present in the peatlands. In the case of Barber-trapping, this representation reached ~ 98%; in the case of Malaise-trapping, it bordered 62 %. At level of families of Diptera, the combined methods gave a representation of ~ 98%. In turn, the representation with the Barber-trapping was ~69%, but skirted 84% with the Malaise-trapping. Since the Malaise trap was more affected by the windy conditions of the mountain than the Barber trap, the first one became a satisfactory complement to the latter, considering that the Barber trap not only caught soil animals, but also captured a significant fraction of flying and foliage-linked hexapods. The results of this work show that the Barber trap is a convenient device to study hexapods inhabiting these units of the Andean landscape. However, to expand coverage, its use must be complemented with Malaise trap or some other equivalent device.

Se reporta la aplicabilidad de dos métodos de captura y muestreo de la fauna de Hexapoda asociada a vegas andinas. En el presente estudio se usaron los diseños Barber y Malaise, los que fueron instalados en tres vegas localizadas en una subcuenca altoandina de la hoya hidrográfica del río Elqui (Región de Coquimbo, Chile). El estudio duró 3 meses y se realizó en la estación de mayor actividad biológica. En el análisis de la riqueza taxonómica (Orden para Hexapoda y Familia para Diptera) se usaron los estimadores no paramétricos Chao-1, Chao-2, Jack-1, Jack-2 y Boostrap. En conjunto y por todo el estudio se capturaron 88217 especímenes; registrándose una riqueza de 14 órdenes de Hexapoda y 29 Familias de Diptera. Tanto cualitativa como cuantitativamente las trampas difirieron en el registro de los taxa presentes. A nivel ordinal, el muestreo combinado entregó una representación del ~99% de los órdenes de Hexapoda presentes en las vegas. En el caso del trampeo Barber, esta representación alcanzó el ~98%; mientras que bordeó el 62% con las trampas Malaise. A nivel de Familias de Diptera, el muestreo combinado entregó una representación del ~98%. Con el trampeo Barber esta fue ~69%, mientras que bordeó el 84% con el trampeo Malaise. Aunque la trampa Malaise fue más afectada por las condiciones ventosas que la trampa Barber, la primera actuó como un buen complemento de la segunda, considerando que esta no solo capturó especímenes ligados al suelo, sino también capturó una fracción importante de hexápodos asociados al follaje y voladores. De los resultados de este trabajo se desprende que la trampa Barber es un artificio adecuado para estudios de la fauna de hexápodos de estos ambientes. No obstante, para ampliar la cobertura su empleo debe ser complementado con la trampa Malaise o algún otro artificio equivalente.

A comunidade de abelhas-das-orquídeas (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossina) foi estudada em uma área de transição entre o Cerrado e a Mata Atlântica, de março de 2010 a fevereiro de 2011, na região de Barroso, estado de Minas Gerais, sudeste do Brasil. Foram utilizadas armadilhas aromáticas utilizando-se três tipos de iscas (cineol, eugenol e vanilina) e redes entomológicas para a captura de abelhas em flores. Foram coletados 614 machos de Euglossina nas armadilhas aromáticas, pertencentes a quatro gêneros e quinze espécies, e vinte e cinco espécimes em flores, pertencentes a dois gêneros e três espécies. Eulaema (Apeulaema) nigrita Lepeletier, 1841 foi a espécie mais comum (50% dos espécimes coletados), seguida por Euglossa (Euglossa) truncata Rebêlo & Moure, 1996 (28%). O cineol foi a isca mais atrativa (66,5% dos machos e 13 espécies), seguido pelo eugenol (16% e 9 espécies) e vanilina (13,5% e 4 espécies). Eulaema (Apeulaema) marcii Nemésio, 2009 e Eufriesea auriceps (Friese, 1899) foram atraídas por todas as essências, enquanto as espécies de Euglossa foram coletadas somente em armadilhas contendo cineol ou eugenol.

The community of orchid bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossina) was studied at an area in the transition between the Cerrado and Atlantic Forest biomes, from March, 2010 to February, 2011 in the Barroso region, state of Minas Gerais, eastern Brazil. Orchid-bee males were collected with bait traps containing three different scents (cineole, eugenol and vanillin) and with entomological nets for collecting bees on flowers. A total of 614 orchid-bee males were collected using aromatic traps, belonging to four genera and 15 species. Twenty-five female specimens belonging to two genera and at least three species were collected on flowers. Eulaema (Apeulaema) nigrita Lepeletier, 1841 was the most abundant species (50% of collected specimens), followed by Euglossa (Euglossa) truncata Rebêlo & Moure, 1996 (28%). Cineole was the most attractive compound (66.5% of males and 13 species), followed by eugenol (16% and 9 species) and vanillin (13.5% and 4 species). Eulaema (Apeulaema) marcii Nemésio, 2009 and Eufriesea auriceps (Friese, 1899) were attracted to all scents, whereas Euglossa species were collected only in cineole and eugenol.

A fauna de abelhas-das-orquídeas da ‘Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Feliciano Miguel Abdala’, uma reserva de 957 ha de Mata Atlântica no leste de Minas Gerais, sudeste do Brasil, foi amostrada doze anos após o primeiro inventário na área. Machos de abelhas euglossinas foram ativamente coletados com o uso de redes entomológicas quando atraídos a dezessete compostos aromáticos utilizados como iscas. Trezentos e dezenove machos pertencentes a nove espécies foram coletados durante 40 horas de amostragem no fim de dezembro de 2011, no período em que essas abelhas estão supostamente mais ativas. Euglossa despecta Moure, 1968, uma das espécies dominantes na área doze anos antes, não foi registrada no presente estudo. Eulaema nigrita Lepeletier, 1841, por outro lado, representou apenas 16% das abelhas coletadas em 1999 e 61% no presente estudo. As possíveis causas e consequências dessas mudanças são discutidas.

The orchid-bee fauna of ‘Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Feliciano Miguel Abdala’, a 957-ha preserve of Atlantic Forest in eastern Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil, was surveyed 12 years after the first inventory in the area. Orchid-bee males were actively collected with insect nets when attracted to seventeen chemical compounds used as scent baits. Three hundred and nineteen males belonging to nine species were collected during 40 hours in late December, 2011, when orchid bees are supposedly more active. Euglossa despecta Moure, 1968, one of the dominant species in the area 12 years ago, was not recorded in the present study. Eulaema nigrita Lepeletier, 1841, on the other hand, represented only 16% of the collected bees in 1999 and 61% in the present study. Possible causes and consequences of these changes are discussed.

The high-Andean peatlands, besides their condition of water and forage reservoirs in an environment scarce in them, are spots of biodiversity and habitats for a diverse array of invertebrates. In this work, assemblage of terrestrial hexapods associated with three of them was studied. The aims were to (1) describe the assemblage of Hexapoda in terms of higher taxonomic groups (order) and their relative abundances, and (2) document the effect of the water condition of the vega on the taxonomic structure and relative abundance relationships of the assemblage of interest. To fulfill these objectives it was utilized downfall-pitfall and Malaise traps that operated for 15 days in the months of December (2006), January and February (2007). The effect of water condition which evaluated with the MANOVA-test (independent measurements, n = 3). We recorded the presence of 14 orders; 74 families were recognized. There were clear numerical dominance of Collembola (~ 37% of grand total), followed by Diptera (33%), Hemiptera (~ 9%), Lepidoptera (6%), Thysanoptera (~ 5%) and Hymenoptera (~ 4%). Among peatlands, the Tambo vega (wet vega) accounted for the greatest contribution (75% GT), due to the dominant presence of Collembola. The MANOVA-test showed an effect of water condition, that was taxon-specific. From the gathered information, it is concluded that some of these groups (order or family) have the potential to be used as indicators of ecosystem change of Andean peatlands.

Las vegas altoandinas, junto a su condición de reservorios de agua y de recursos forrajeros en un ambiente escaso de ellos, son focos de biodiversidad y hábitats para un conjunto diverso de invertebrados. En este trabajo se estudió el ensamble de hexápodos terrestres asociados a tres de estas unidades del paisaje andino. Los objetivos fueron (1) describir el ensamble de Hexapoda en términos de los grupos taxonómicos superiores (orden) y sus abundancias relativas y (2) documentar el efecto de la condición hídrica de la vega sobre la estructura taxonómica y las relaciones de abundancia del ensamble de interés. Para atender estos objetivos se emplearon trampas de intercepción de caída y Malaise que operaron por 15 días en los meses de diciembre (2006), enero y febrero (2007). El efecto de la condición hídrica fue evaluado con la prueba MANOVA (mediciones independientes, n = 3). Se registró la presencia de 14 órdenes, con 74 familias reconocidas. Hubo clara dominancia numérica de Collembola (~37% del GT), seguido por Diptera (33%), Hemiptera (~9%), Lepidoptera (6%), Thysanoptera (~5%) e Hymenoptera (~4%). Entre vegas, el mayor aporte correspondió a vega Tambo (vega húmeda) (75%), debido a la presencia dominante de Collembola. La prueba MANOVA evidenció un efecto de la condición hídrica que fue taxón-específico. A partir de la información recolectada, concluimos que algunos de estos grupos (orden o familia) tienen la potencialidad para ser empleados como indicadores de cambio ecosistémico de vegas altoandinas.

As faunas de abelhas-das-orquídeas do Parque Nacional do Monte Pascoal, do Parque Nacional do Descobrimento e de três outros fragmentos de Mata Atlântica, com áreas de um a trezentos hectares, foram amostradas no sul da Bahia, leste do Brasil. Iscas com 17 diferentes fragrâncias atrativas a machos de abelhas-das-orquídeas foram utilizadas. Um total de 4.764 machos, pertencentes a 36 espécies, foram ativamente coletados com o auxílio de redes entomológicas durante 300 horas, entre novembro de 2008 e novembro de 2009. A riqueza e a diversidade de abelhas euglossinas encontradas no presente estudo são as mais altas já registradas em todo o domínio da Mata Atlântica. Eufriesea dentilabris (Mocsáry, 1897) e Eufriesea violacea (Blanchard, 1840) foram coletadas no Parque Nacional do Monte Pascoal, sendo estes os primeiros registros dessas espécies no Estado da Bahia e também o registro mais ao norte conhecido para ambas. Fêmeas de Exaerete dentata (Linnaeus, 1758) também foram coletadas no Parque Nacional do Monte Pascoal e antigos registros de Eufriesea aeneiventris (Mocsáry, 1896) neste sítio fazem deste Parque a área com a maior riqueza e a maior diversidade de abelhas euglossinas de toda a Mata Atlântica, mostrando-se similar a áreas da Bacia Amazônica.

The orchid-bee faunas of ‘Parque Nacional do Monte Pascoal’, ‘Parque Nacional do Descobrimento’ and three other Atlantic Forest remnants ranging from 1 to 300 ha in southern Bahia, eastern Brazil, were surveyed. Baits with seventeen different scents were used to attract orchid-bee males. Four thousand seven hundred and sixty-four males belonging to 36 species were actively collected with insect nets during 300 hours from November, 2008 to November, 2009. Richness and diversity of orchid bees found in this study are the highest ever recorded in the Atlantic Forest domain. Eufriesea dentilabris (Mocsáry, 1897) and Eufriesea violacea (Blanchard, 1840) were collected at the ‘Parque Nacional do Monte Pascoal’, the first record of these species for the state of Bahia and the northernmost record for both species. Females Exaerete dentata (Linnaeus, 1758) were also collected at ‘Parque Nacional do Monte Pascoal’ and old records of Eufriesea aeneiventris (Mocsáry, 1896) in this area makes this site the richest and most diverse concerning its orchid-bee fauna in the entire Atlantic Forest and similar to areas in the Amazon Basin.