Abstract Moema, a genus of the Rivulidae family, currently comprises 20 valid species. Most of these species inhabit temporary pools in the Amazon basin and only one species is found in the upper Paraguay basin. A new member of this genus from the upper Río Madeira drainage is here described. Males of the new species differ from all congeners by the combination of a color pattern consisting of oblique, sometimes chevron-like, irregular rows of red and light blue double-dots on body; dark yellowish to golden pectoral fins with no visible markings; and a stripe pattern on the ventral section of caudal fin with a very narrow black marginal line, intermittent or even absent. The existence of infrageneric species groups within Moema, the geographic distribution and taxonomic aspects of the species present in the Ríos Mamoré and Iténez/Guaporé rivers drainages, and the observation of intraspecific aggression between males and amphibious lifestyle in the new species are discussed.

Resumen Moema, un género de la familia Rivulidae, actualmente comprende 20 especies válidas. La mayoría de estas especies habitan en charcos temporales de la cuenca amazónica y solo una especie se encuentra en la cuenca alta del Río Paraguay. Un nuevo miembro de este género de la cuenca alta del Río Madeira es descrito aquí. Los machos de la especie nueva se diferencian de todos los congéneres por la combinación de un patrón de color de filas irregulares oblicuas, a veces en forma de chevrón, de puntos dobles rojos y azul claro en el cuerpo; aletas pectorales de color amarillento oscuro a dorado sin marcas visibles; y un patrón de rayas en la sección ventral de la aleta caudal con una línea marginal negra muy estrecha, intermitente o incluso ausente. Se discute la existencia de grupos infragenéricos de especies dentro de Moema, la distribución geográfica y aspectos taxonómicos de las especies presentes en el drenaje de los Ríos Mamoré e Iténez/Guaporé, y la observación de agresión intraespecífica entre machos y estilo de vida anfibio en la nueva especie.

Abstract In this paper, a new methodology is applied to optimize the geometry of conductors of overhead transmission lines (TL) with high precision and low computational cost. This methodology is based on the sensitivity analysis of the electrical charge of the transmission lines using the adjoint method. This information is used with the gradient method and the golden section algorithm to minimize the electric field at the ground level of three-phase TL with two cables per phase. The approximation using central finite differences to obtain sensitivity is adopted for validation and comparisons. The TL's with high surge impedance loading is obtained after the optimization process.

Resumen En el análisis compositivo de la pintura La estigmatización de san Francisco de Asís, atribuida a Baltasar de Echave Orio, fue relevante el apoyo tecnológico de los rayos X. Los sorprendentes resultados, inéditos, revelaron la maestría del proceso creativo que conllevó la manufactura de esa obra de arte. Se demuestra que su belleza artística estuvo condicionada por la sección áurea y el meticuloso análisis compositivo de su creador; implicado en un problema de atribución, con este estudio se abre un nuevo panorama desde la conservación-restauración, que reconoce la audacia técnica de un artista culto, con formación europea y con acceso a los impresos del Viejo Continente difundidos en la Nueva España del siglo XVII.

Abstract X-ray technology provided relevant support in the compositional analysis of the painting, La estigmatización de san Francisco de Asís, attributed to Baltasar de Echave Orio. The unprecedented and amazing results revealed the creative mastery that crafted this work of art and proved that the artistic beauty of the piece (immersed in a problem of attribution) was conditioned by the golden section and its creator’s meticulous compositional analysis. From the conservation-restoration perspective this study opens a novel view that recognizes the technical audacity of a cultured, European-trained artist who had access to prints from the Old World that were disseminated across 17th Century in New Spain.

Abstract In Book III of De Architectura, Vitruvius described what in his opinion should be the measures of man. Fifteen centuries later, this text was recovered and when put in the hands of Leonardo da Vinci, it is said the Vitruvian model finally found an illustrator. The result was the ‘Vitruvian man’, the image that has become a symbol of pop culture and the most famous of our time, according to many authors. For those who have approached the study of this image, whether from a historical-philosophical, physical-mathematical or artistic-musical perspective, the complexity of the subject is evident and the efforts to explain it have floundered with multiple questions. The text presented here addresses some of the most relevant issues around this image and in particular deals with analyzing some of the proposals that have been submitted to explain the process of geometric elaboration of this wonderful image. The final conclusion is that the riddle is still waiting to be solved.

Resumen En el Libro III de De Architectura, Vitruvio describió lo que a su parecer debería medir el hombre. Quince siglos más tarde, recuperado este texto y puesto en manos de Leonardo da Vinci, el modelo vitruviano se dice encontró quien lo ilustrara. El resultado fue el ‘hombre de Vitruvio’, la imagen convertida en símbolo de la cultura pop y la más famosa de nuestro tiempo, según muchos autores. Para quienes han abordado el estudio de esta imagen, sea desde una perspectiva histórico-filosófica, físico-matemática o artístico-musical, es evidente la complejidad del tema y que su entendimiento nos enfrenta con múltiples interrogantes. El texto que aquí se presenta explora algunos de los elementos más relevantes en torno de esta imagen y en particular se ocupa de analizar algunas de las propuestas que se han presentado para explicar el proceso de elaboración geométrica de esta maravillosa imagen. La conclusión es que el enigma permanece como tal.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Since the 1950s, the classical clinical presentation of infectious endocarditis (E.I) has varied. Due to the use of antibiotics, illicit drugs, venous catheters, traditional manifestations are not frequent. Objectives: To review the embolic presentation of endocarditis and pecify the preventive measures with the new techniques. Clinical case: A patient with chronic renal insufficiency, diabetic, hypertensive, with central venous catheter, intense chills, fever of 39.5 ° C, intense headache, general state, severe chest pain, cough, expectoration with bright red blood, dyspnea, holosystolic regurgitant murmur, after a section of hemodialysis. Doppler echocardiogram was performed, visualizing multiple small vegetation's, positive blood cultures to golden staphylococci, treatment according to antibiograms for 6 weeks, at the end of which the extreme severity was resolved. Comments: Infective endocarditis can have a very different behavior from previous decades; it can appear as an acute fulminating disease due to embolic, septic, multiple manifestations.

RESUMEN Introducción: A partir de los años 50, la presentación clínica clásica de la endocarditis infecciosa ha variado. Debido al uso de antibióticos, drogas ilícitas, catéteres venosos, etc., las manifestaciones tradicionales no son frecuentes. Objetivo: Presentar un caso con endocarditis infecciosa y comentar las manifestaciones embolígenas, así como las medidas preventivas con las nuevas técnicas. Caso clínico: Enfermo con insuficiencia renal crónica, diabético, hipertenso, con catéter venoso central, que presentó, después de una sección de hemodiálisis; escalofríos intensos, fiebre de 39,5 0C, cefalea intensa, toma del estado general, dolor torácico intenso punzante, tos, expectoración con sangre roja rutilante, disnea, soplo regurgitante holosistólico. Se le realizó ecocardiograma dópler que muestra múltiples vegetaciones pequeñas, hemocultivos positivos a estafilococos dorado. Fue tratado según los resultados del antibiograma durante 6 semanas y resolvió su extrema gravedad. Conclusiones: La endocarditis infecciosa puede tener manifestaciones muy diferentes al de décadas anteriores; puede aparecer como cuadro agudo fulminante por manifestaciones embólicas y sépticas múltiples.

On May 2019, the members of the Anthropocene Working Group completed a binding vote to affirm some of the key questions that have been agreed in 2016: the Anthropocene should be considered as a formal chronostratigraphic unit, defined by a Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP), using one of the stratigraphic signals around the mid-twentieth century of the Common Era. The fallout from nuclear weapons testing appears as the most suitable GSSP. In this article, the main anthropogenic markers are discussed as well as the sources or human-made radiation and the signature of nuclear weapons testing. The appearance of 239+240Pu in the early 1950s and the clear peak, in 1963, makes a good marker. High resolution archives include layers of sedimentary rocks, lacustrine and marine sediments and corals and polar ice cores. A coupled application of other radioactive isotopes, as 137Cs, 14C and 241Am, may be useful to categorize distinct fallout signatures. A site to define the Anthropocene (golden spike) would ideally be located between 30º and 60º north of the equator. Nevertheless, results obtained in sediments on the Brazilian coast showed that both 239+240Pu and 137Cs signatures could be detected and quantified as markers of this “atomic age”. 2019 2016 unit GSSP, GSSP , (GSSP) midtwentieth mid twentieth Era article humanmade human made 239240Pu Pu 239 240Pu s peak 1963 marker rocks cores isotopes Cs C 241Am Am golden spike º equator Nevertheless atomic age. age . age” 201 (GSSP 23 196 20 2 19 1

Abstract Background and objective Evaluation of nasal and facial aesthetics should be carried out when planning a rhinoplasty, especially of a side profile view that can be obtained through anthropometric measurements of photogrammetry and radiological cephalometry. Anyway, the resultant diagnosis will be done comparing established parameters. These inconvenience led to the development of the Golden Profilography, which aims to perform an aesthetic evaluation of the patient’s facial profile trough direct measurements obtained from their own profile, without comparing with standardized patterns. Methods Golden Profilography consists of a vertical facial profile drawn of esthetic proportions obtained from a picture of the patient’s facial profile, enlarged to real size to obtain the equivalent measure to the vertical nasal axis divided by the golden section (between 1.618), and independently of the picture, the planes, angles and inclinations that serve as guides to compare the measurements of both profiles in order to obtain the similarity or morphological difference of the patient’s facial profile without resorting to other comparative patterns. Results Using Golden Profilography, an aesthetic evaluation study was conducted on 18 patients candidates for rhinoplasty motivated by having a large nose. Both nasal and chin projection were measured; the general result was a minor projection than the aurea one. The projection of the chin presented a shortening in all cases, mostly with micrognathia and in fewer cases with microgenia, which translates into an aesthetic disproportion and lack of harmony between the upper and lower half facial sides. This conditions a convex facial profile giving a false impression of a larger nose. We found in the literature similar findings, measurements and equalities obtained by other means, especially with the one referred by Farkas conducted in attractive women. Conclusions Golden Profilography is an objective method of morphological diagnosis that allows evaluating the aesthetic correspondence of the facial profile of the patient obtained and compared from the patient itself. So, we can conclude that each human being has its own formula to obtain its own facial morphological diagnosis.

Resumen Introducción y Objetivo El planteamiento de una rinoplastia requiere una evaluación objetiva de la estética nasal y facial, principalmente en el perfil, que se puede llevar a cabo utilizando medidas antropométricas obtenidas con fotogrametría y cefalometría radiológica. Sin embargo, el diagnóstico vendrá dado por la comparación de las medidas obtenidas con otros parámetros establecidos Este inconveniente de estandarización de parámetros motivó el desarrollo de la Perfilografía Áurea, cuyo objetivo principal es hacer una evaluación estética personalizada del perfil facial del paciente, utilizando medidas estéticas obtenidas directamente de su perfil facial, evitando así el tener que comparar esos resultados con otros previamente establecidos y estandarizados. Material y método La Perfilografía Áurea consiste en un dibujo del perfil vertical facial de proporciones estéticas obtenido a partir de una fotografía de perfil facial del paciente y ampliada a tamaño natural, de la que tomamos la medida equivalente al eje vertical nasal dividida por la sección áurea (entre 1.618). A partir de ahí e independientemente de la fotografía, obtenemos los planos, ángulos e inclinaciones que utilizaremos como guías para comparar las medidas de ambos perfiles. Así podemos obtener la similitud o diferencia morfológica del perfil del paciente, sin la desventaja de tener que recurrir a otros patrones comparativos. Resultados Utilizamos la Perfilografía Áurea para realizar un estudio de evaluación estética a 18 pacientes candidatos a rinoplastia, por nariz grande. Medimos la proyección nasal y del mentón; el resultado obtenido, en general, fue una proyección menor de la áurea. En cuanto a la proyección del mentón, todos presentaron acortamiento, la mayoría con micrognatia y en menos casos con microgenia, que se traduce en desproporción estética y falta de armonía entre la mitad superior facial y la inferior, y condiciona un perfil facial convexo y una falsa imagen de nariz grande. Encontramos en la literatura medidas similares e igualdades obtenidas por otros medios, sobre todo con el de Farkas en mujeres consideradas como atractivas y muy atractivas. Conclusiones La Perfilografía Áurea es un método objetivo para evaluar de forma personalizada la relación estética del perfil facial del paciente. Este perfil personalizado lo obtenemos a partir del propio paciente y comparado consigo mismo, de forma que, podemos concluir que cada humano cuenta con su propia fórmula personal para obtener su diagnóstico estético facial individualizado.

RESUMEN Se propone una técnica de minimización de pérdida de energía basada en el control de búsqueda para el Control de par directo (DTC) del Motor de inducción trifásico (IM) utilizado en vehículos eléctricos. Los parámetros de rendimiento del vehículo eléctrico (EV) considerados para el análisis son el rendimiento dinámico y la eficiencia. DTC se utiliza para lograr un excelente rendimiento dinámico de la unidad de IM. Se propone la minimización de la pérdida utilizando el método de las secciones doradas ara buscar el nivel óptimo de valor de flujo para el DTC del motor de inducción. Esto conducirá a una pérdida de núcleo mínima y una mayor eficiencia del sistema. El controlador de velocidad lógica difusa se emplea para lograr un seguimiento preciso de la velocidad y mejorar la robustez contra perturbaciones e incertidumbres. El trabajo propuesto se simula en MATLAB / SIMULINK. La simulación y los resultados experimentales se presentan para validar el rendimiento del algoritmo de minimización de pérdida propuesto.

ABSTRACT A search control based energy loss minimization technique is proposed for Direct Torque Control (DTC) of three phase Induction Motor (IM) with Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) used in Electric Vehicles (EV). The performance parameters of the EV considered for analysis are Dynamic performance and Efficiency. DTC is used to achieve the excellent dynamic performance of the IM drive. FLC is employed to achieve accurate speed tracking and enhance the ruggedness against disturbance and uncertainties. Loss minimization using Golden section method is proposed to search optimum level of flux value for DTC of induction motor drive. This will lead to minimum core loss and enhanced efficiency of the system. The proposed work is simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK. The simulation and experimental results are presented to validate the performance of the proposed loss minimization algorithm.

Abstract The eXtended Finite Element Method (XFEM) has been reliably used for analyzing crack growth in 3D structural elements over last years. In fact, many researchers have worked in this field, but it is scarce to find scientific contributions about 3D XFEM models applied to the failure of non-standard composite parts, such as tapered structures and thick laminated composites. Thus, a new computational framework is developed, which is based on a new enhanced golden section search algorithm and 3D Puck’s action plane principle in order to define the crack initiation direction. This in-formation is integrated into a XFEM and used to enrich elements, which have failed during analysis. Compared to the traditional algorithm, the new methodology has convergence one order higher than the traditional one; and it is 20 times more efficient computationally. Therefore, if more precision is needed, then higher gains are achieved combined to lower computational cost by using the proposed framework. Moreover, thick laminated composites with layers mainly oriented to 90o were simulated under tension and compression via the computational framework, displaying results as reported in the literature. Also, compact tension tests with 0°, 90° and 45° specimens were evaluated, and numerical results were qualitatively coherent with experimental data.

Abstract A numerical thermal model was developed to evaluate the heat flux which is conducted to a rectangular workpiece of steel plate ABNT 1020, thus making it possible to compute the maximum temperature in the grinding surface, taking into account the rectangular distribution of heat flux, the thermal properties of the grinding wheel conventional Al2O3, the piece to be machined and the lubri-refrigerating fluid. The finite volume method was employed for the discretization of the direct thermal problem from the heat diffusion equation associated with the two-dimensional problem of heat conduction in transient regime. The inverse thermal problem was solved by the Golden Section technique. The thermal flux, when compared to the conventional technique of method of application fluid, was reduced by 84.0% in the practices performed with cutting depth of 30µm, at 74.0% in practices with cutting depth of 45µm and 61.2% in the aggressive practices of 60µm, thus demonstrating the applicability of the optimized method for fluid application.

In this work, a xerophytic garden was designed and established for science popularization purposes. This was made on a green area of the Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza of the National University, at the East of Mexico City. The garden design was outlined by drawing on the soil surface, a logarithmic spiral, a Vitrubius star, a fractal pentagon and a golden rectangle. For this, white painted 10 cm high stakes were buried to delimit the curves, and succulent plants were planted to remark the geometric figures. Twenty nine plant species were transplanted, with 144 total individuals, and a catch-fog mesh device was installed with a view to exhibit an atmospheric water harvesting model for plant irrigation. The science popularization of geometric concepts was made by means of guided visits. It was concluded that it is feasible to establish an urban garden without irrigation in the East of Mexico City. Nevertheless, it is necessary to strengthen the structure of geometric curves. Also, it is required to install information panels about the soil drawings and technical fact sheets on plant species in order to facilitate popularization of the underlying scientific concepts of garden design and the explanation of catch-fog device function.

En este trabajo se diseñó y estableció un jardín xerófito con fines de divulgación científica. Ésto se realizó en las áreas verdes del Campus I de la Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, de la Universidad Nacional, al oriente de la Ciudad de México. El diseño del jardín consistió en trazar y dibujar, en la superficie del suelo, una espiral logarítmica, una estrella de Vitrubius, un pentágono fractal y un rectángulo áureo. Se utilizaron estacas de 10 cm de alto, pintadas de blanco, para delimitar las curvas y plantas crasas para remarcar las figuras geométricas. Se trasplantaron 29 especies vegetales, con 144 individuos en total, y se instaló un atrapanieblas como modelo de cosecha de agua atmosférica para riego vegetal. La divulgación científica de los conceptos geométricos se ha realizado mediante visitas guiadas. Se concluye que es factible establecer un jardín urbano de cero riego en el Oriente de la capital mexicana, sin embargo, es necesario reforzar las estructuras de las curvas geométricas. También, se requiere establecer páneles informativos sobre las figuras dibujadas sobre el suelo y cédulas con datos técnicos de las especies vegetales, para facilitar la divulgación de los conceptos científicos del diseño base del jardín y la explicación de la función del atrapanieblas.

A recent optimal control problem in the area of economics has mathematical properties that do not fall into the standard optimal control problem formulation. In our problem the state value at the final time the state, y(T) = z, is free and unknown, and additionally the Lagrangian integrand in the functional is a piecewise constant function of the unknown value y(T). This is not a standard optimal control problem and cannot be solved using Pontryagin's Minimum Principle with the standard boundary conditions at the final time. In the standard problem a free final state y(T) yields a necessary boundary condition p(T) = 0, where p(t) is the costate. Because the integrand is a function of y(T), the new necessary condition is that y(T) should be equal to a certain integral that is a continuous function of y(T). We introduce a continuous approximation of the piecewise constant integrand function by using a hyperbolic tangent approach and solve an example using a C++ shooting algorithm with Newton iteration for solving the Two Point Boundary Value Problem (TPBVP). The minimising free value y(T) is calculated in an outer loop iteration using the Golden Section or Brent algorithm. Comparative nonlinear programming (NP) discrete-time results are also presented.

This article claims to develop alternative solutions to two different problems which contain the golden section: 1) in an electrical circuit with infinite ohmic resistances this paper provides an inductive solution by Fibonacci sequence and results are corroborated using continue fractions; and 2) in the design of a frustum of a cone with minimum aerodynamic resistance a numerical solution is proposed to check the goodness of the model. Both exercises have didactic power on subjects such as electrical engineering, vectorial mechanics, numerical analysis and advanced algebra. This paper represents a contribution to the study of subjects associated to improve mathematical skills.

El presente artículo pretende desarrollar soluciones alternativas a dos diferentes problemas que contienen la razón áurea: 1) en un circuito eléctrico con infinitas resistencias óhmicas se presenta una solución inductiva mediante la secuencia de Fibonacci y se corrobora además el resultado usando fracciones continuas; y 2) en la formulación newtoniana para el diseño de un cono truncado de mínima resistencia aerodinámica se propone una solución numérica para probar la bondad del modelo. Ambos ejercicios tienen poder didáctico en asignaturas como ingeniería eléctrica, mecánica vectorial, análisis numérico y álgebra superior. El trabajo representa una ayuda en el estudio de temas asociados al logro de habilidades matemáticas.

Kielmeyera aureovinosa M.Gomes é uma árvore da Mata Atlântica, endêmica da região serrana do estado do Rio de Janeiro, ocorrente em matas ciliares. A nova espécie é distinta das demais no gênero por ter caule de coloração vinoso-metálica, desfolhante, com faixas e nuances dourados; diferencia-se das demais espécies de Kielmeyera seção Callodendron por possuir folhas com corpúsculos resiníferos esparsos e flores com sépalas e pétalas de margens ciliadas. Este trabalho fornece descrição da espécie, estado de conservação, ilustrações esquemáticas e imagens digitais; características morfológicas e palinológicas das espécies de Kielmeyera seção Callodendron são discutidas e apresentadas em tabelas para comparação.

Kielmeyera aureovinosa M. Gomes is a tree of the Atlantic Rainforest, endemic to the highlands of Rio de Janeiro state, occurring in riverine forest. The new species is distinguished in the genus by having a wine colored stem with metallic luster, peeling, with golden bands: it differs from other species of Kielmeyera section Callodendron by having leaves with sparse resinous corpuscles and flowers with ciliate margined sepals and petals. This paper provides a description of the species, illustrations and digital images; morphological and palynological features of Kielmeyera section Callodendron species are discussed and compared.

This paper presents a procedure for solving instances of the joint replenishment problem using the golden-section method. The algorithm includes an iterative method for obtaining a narrowing search range for the continuous variable in order to carry out less iterations. We studied the behavior of the algorithm experimentally and made comparisons with the heuristic technique known as RAND, solving randomly-generated problems. The results showed that the golden-section algorithm with the proposed improvements obtains the optimum solution for up to 100% of the problems solved, it is very stable when faced with the increase in the number of products in the problem and the runtime is notably competitive. The procedure is easy to implement and useful for professionals working in planning.

Se muestra un método basado en sección dorada para resolver instancias del problema de reaprovisionamiento de productos múltiples. El algoritmo incluye un método iterativo para obtener un intervalo de búsqueda más pequeño. Se estudió el desempeño del algoritmo de manera experimental realizando las comparaciones con el algoritmo RAND, resolviendo instancias generadas aleatoriamente. Los resultados muestran que el algoritmo de sección dorada obtiene la solución óptima hasta en el 100% de las instancias resueltas, es estable frente al número de productos y el tiempo de ejecución es competitivo. El algoritmo es sencillo de implementar y muy útil para profesionistas dedicados a la planeación y control de inventarios.