ABSTRACT Jambu is important nationally and internationally for its dietary and medicinal use, notably for espilanthol. Despite its versatility, breeding work is scarce. This study aimed to evaluate aerial traits and estimate genetic parameters in jambu accesses to support a breeding program. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Universidade Federal da Amazônia, Capitão Poço campus. The treatments included 172 genotype clones from seven municipalities in the Northeast mesoregion, obtained from a farmer’s market. Seedlings were cloned and transplanted after three weeks. The design was completely randomized with three replications and 20 cm × 20 cm spacing. At harvest, genotypes were manually removed and taken to the Campus Agricultural Engineering Laboratory to measure 17 aerial part traits. Variance components, genotypic values, and genetic parameters were estimated using REML/BLUP methodology. Genetic and phenotypic correlation matrices and selection gains of 75, 50, and 25% of the genotypes were calculated. Significant genetic variance and high heritability were observed for traits such as plant fresh mass, leaf fresh mass, and stem fresh mass, which are favorable for selection. Indirect selection can enhance leaf and capitula mass without significantly increasing stem diameter. Selecting 50% of the population yields good selection gains without compromising genetic variability.

Abstract Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is a chiral drug used to treat malaria and inflammatory diseases, available as a racemic mixture of R-and S-HCQ. This work aimed to build physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models to predict the pharmacokinetics (PK) of R-and S-HCQ and assess the impact of major genetic polymorphisms on PK. Whole-body PBPK models accounting for first-order absorption, Rodgers and Rowland distribution method, and enzyme kinetics data were built for R-and S-HCQ. The models were verified by comparing predicted PK parameters with observed ones, with a mean error within the acceptable range (0.5-2 fold). Simulations covered CYP2D6 normal metabolizer (NM), poor metabolizer (PM), and ultra-rapid metabolizer (UM) phenotypes, as well as CYP2C8 NM and PM phenotypes. The results revealed a 1.1-fold increase in area under the curve blood concentration versus time (AUC) for CYP2D6 PM individuals and a 0.9-fold reduction for UM individuals compared to NM individuals. In addition, simulations with CYP2D6 and CYP2C8 PM phenotype individuals combined with the CYP3A4 inhibitor clarithromycin showed increased AUC for R-and S-HCQ of 2.34 and 2.68, respectively. These PBPK models offer reliable predictions for R-and S-HCQ enantioselective kinetics and shed light on previously unexplored scenarios.

RESUMO: O estudo das relações genotípicas entre índices de tolerância à seca e caracteres agronômicos de interesse no melhoramento de trigo é útil para traçar estratégias de seleção. Objetivou-se com este trabalho investigar as relações de causa e efeito entre características agronômicas e índices de tolerância à seca via análise de correlações canônicas. Dois ensaios (controle e estresse) foram conduzidos no inverno de 2020 em Viçosa, MG, Brasil. Foram avaliados os caracteres (dias para o espigamento, altura da planta, massa e número de grãos por espiga, massa de cem grãos e rendimento de grãos). Os dados de produtividade dos ensaios de controle e estresse foram utilizados para construir cinco índices de tolerância à seca. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de modelos mistos para estimação dos parâmetros genéticos e predição dos valores genotípicos (REML/BLUP), em seguida, os valores genotípicos foram utilizados para calcular os coeficientes de correlação entre os caracteres. Dois grupos de caracteres foram estabelecidos para o estudo das correlações canônicas, sendo o primeiro grupo constituído pelas variáveis agronômicas e o segundo pelos índices de tolerância à seca. Houve efeito significativo de genótipo para todas as características avaliadas. Os pares canônicos foram significativos, o que indicou a existência de dependência entre os grupos. O caráter dias para o espigamento pode ser utilizado na seleção indireta de genótipos de trigo para tolerância à seca. RESUMO Objetivouse Objetivou se canônicas 202 Viçosa MG Brasil planta espiga grãos. . grãos) REML/BLUP, REMLBLUP REML/BLUP , REML BLUP (REML/BLUP) seguida avaliadas significativos 20 (REML/BLUP 2

ABSTRACT: The study of genotypic relationships between drought tolerance indices and agronomic traits of interest in wheat breeding is useful for designing selection strategies. The objective of this research was to investigate the cause-and-effect relationships between agronomic traits and drought tolerance indices through the analysis of canonical correlations. Two trials (control and stress) were conducted in winter 2020 in Viçosa, MG, Brazil. The traits evaluated were: (days for heading, plant height, mass and number of grains per spike, mass of one hundred grains, and grain yield). Grain yield data from the control and stress conditions were used to construct five drought tolerance indices. The data were subjected to mixed model analysis for estimation of genetic parameters and prediction of genotypic values (REML/BLUP), and then the genotypic values were used to calculate the correlation coefficients between the traits. Two groups of traits were established for the study of canonical correlations, the first group consisting of agronomic traits and the second by drought tolerance indices. There was a significant genotype effect for all evaluated traits. The canonical pairs were significant, which indicated the existence of dependence between the groups. Days to heading trait can be used in the indirect selection of wheat genotypes for drought tolerance. ABSTRACT strategies causeandeffect cause correlations 202 Viçosa MG Brazil days height spike yield. . yield) REML/BLUP, REMLBLUP REML/BLUP , REML BLUP (REML/BLUP) 20 (REML/BLUP 2

RESUMO: O estudo de adaptabilidade, estabilidade e produtividade é importante para selecionar e recomendar genótipos superiores. Esse fato é particularmente válido para a introdução de cultivares de feijão comum no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, cuja produção é ínfima e não atende a demanda interna. Assim, este trabalho teve como objetivo estimar parâmetros genéticos e ganhos de seleção e realizar uma seleção simultânea para adaptabilidade, estabilidade e produtividade de genótipos de feijão preto através de modelos mistos. O estudo foi realizado em três municípios do estado do Rio de Janeiro e em três anos agrícolas. Os ensaios foram instalados em delineamento de blocos casualizados com 11 genótipos e três repetições. Observou-se alta herdabilidade média (81%), acurácia seletiva (90%) e boas perspectivas de seleção. Também foram observados ganhos satisfatórios para a característica entre 1,03 e 9,49%. A seleção simultânea foi eficiente e permitiu selecionar duas linhagens de feijão preto CNFP (15290 e 15361) como sendo as mais produtivas, adaptáveis e estáveis e, portanto, têm potencial para serem lançadas como novas cultivares de feijão preto para o estado do Rio de Janeiro. RESUMO adaptabilidade superiores Brasil interna Assim mistos agrícolas 1 repetições Observouse Observou se 81%, 81 81% , (81%) 90% 90 (90% 103 03 1,0 949 9 49 9,49% 15290 (1529 15361 produtivas portanto 8 (81% (90 10 0 1, 94 4 9,49 1529 (152 1536 (81 (9 9,4 152 (15 153 (8 ( 9, 15 (1

ABSTRACT: The study of adaptability, stability, and productivity is essential for selecting and recommending superior genotypes. This fact is particularly the case for the introduction of common bean cultivars in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, whose production is negligible and does not meet the internal demand. Thus, this study estimated genetic parameters and selection gains and undertake a simultaneous selection for adaptability, stability, and productivity in black bean genotypes via mixed models. The investigation was carried out in three municipalities in the state of Rio de Janeiro during three crop years. The trials were set up in a randomized block design with 11 genotypes and three replications. High mean heritability (81%) and selection accuracy (90%), as well as good selection prospects, were observed. Gains between 1.03 and 9.49% were achieved for grain yield. Simultaneous selection was efficient, indicating two black bean lines (CNFP 15290 and CNFP 15361) as the most productive, adaptable, and stable. As such, these lines have the potential to be released as new black bean cultivars for the state of Rio de Janeiro. ABSTRACT adaptability stability Brazil demand Thus models years 1 replications 81% 81 (81% 90%, 90 90% , (90%) prospects observed 103 03 1.0 949 9 49 9.49 yield efficient 1529 15361 productive adaptable stable such 8 (81 (90% 10 0 1. 94 4 9.4 152 1536 (8 (90 9. 15 153 ( (9

ABSTRACT Common bacterial blight (CBB), caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli, is the main bacterial disease affecting the production of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), with significant impacts on Brazilian agriculture. The search for resistant genotypes is a fundamental strategy, given the prevalence and persistence of the pathogen in tropical conditions. Therefore, this study aimed to identify candidate genes for resistance to CBB through association mapping studies, using 126 Middle-American bean genotypes from the germplasm bank of the Instituto de Desenvolvimento Rural do Paraná. A randomized block design with four replications was used. The inoculation method was by cutting the leaves with scissors, using the isolate Xap-139y at a concentration of 107 CFU·mL-1, and the variables final score and area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) were evaluated. The expected performance of the means and the genetic parameters were estimated using the Selegen software. The GEN203 genotype was considered resistant for AUDPC and final score. Using multi-locus models (FASTmrMLM, ISIS-EM-BLASSO, mrMLM, pLARmEB), we identified 11 quantitative trait nucleotides associated with CBB resistance and 48 candidate genes in the resistance response. These genes act in several metabolic pathways, suggesting a complex polygenic inheritance. This work contributes significantly to understanding the genetic basis of resistance to CBB and the development of bean cultivars with better adaptability and productivity in regions affected by the disease. CBB, , (CBB) pv phaseoli Phaseolus L., L L. L.) agriculture strategy conditions Therefore studies 12 MiddleAmerican Middle American Paraná used scissors Xap139y Xapy Xap 139y y 10 CFU·mL1, CFUmL1 CFUmL CFU·mL 1, CFU mL 1 CFU·mL-1 (AUDPC evaluated software GEN GEN20 multilocus multi locus FASTmrMLM, FASTmrMLM (FASTmrMLM ISISEMBLASSO, ISISEMBLASSO ISIS EM BLASSO, BLASSO ISIS-EM-BLASSO mrMLM pLARmEB, pLARmEB pLARmEB) 4 response pathways inheritance (CBB mL1 CFU·mL1 CFU·mL- GEN2

Abstract: Stayability (STAY) reflects the ability of a cow to avoid both voluntary and involuntary culling. The present study aimed to estimate variance components and heritability for STAY in Holstein and Brown Swiss cattle. Genealogical and productive data from 340 cows were used. The data were provided by Las Margaritas experimental farm, belonging to the National Institute of Forestry, Agricultural and Livestock Research of Mexico. STAY was defined as a cow’s probability of achieving a specific lactation. STAY traits analyzed were the probabilities that a cow had one (STAY1), two (STAY2), three (STAY3), four (STAY4), and five (STAY5) lactations, given that it had a first calving. Variance components and heritability were estimated with the ASREML statistical software. An animal threshold model was fitted. It included the fixed effect of the contemporary group and the covariate percentage of Holstein genes, heterozygosity, and recombination loss. The direct additive genetic effect was included as a random effect. Heritability values of 0.33 ± 0.33, 0.23 ± 0.11, 0.27 ± 0.09, 0.24 ± 0.09 and 0.29 ± 0.09 were obtained for STAY1, STAY2, STAY3, STAY4 and STAY5, respectively. The heritability values obtained were in the range of low to moderate, which suggests that the traits could be taken into account in future genetic selection programs.

Abstract Intensive silvicultural clonal experiments with Gmelina arborea seems to be an option to address the low productivity challenged by national producers. However, the quality and health of each clone should be assessed to improve the profitability of the production. We estimated statistical differences and phenotypic superiority (PF) of each clone to characterize the performance in terms commercial volume (CV), quality (C%) and commercial volume quality (VCC) of 15 superior Gmelina genotypes, evaluated in three sites of the Huetar Norte Region. In addition, each genotype was classified according to its susceptibility to the "trunk rot" diseaseThe potential commercial population was identified as the clones above the population average in VCC and the potential breeding population as the genotypes with SF greater than 10% in VCC. The potential commercial populations, the impact on VCC, and the genotypes less susceptible to disease were: Upala site (2.8 years) 53 % of the group, impact 2.21 m3 ha-1, clone 1 not very susceptible. Cutris site (5.9 years) 55 % of the clones, SF of 1.73 m3 ha-1, with the exception of clone 6, this population was less susceptible. Guatuso Site (4.3 years) 61.5 % of the genotypes, would increase the VCC by 3.24 m3 ha-1, of this population clones 7, 11, 6 and 12 present low susceptibility. In the region, there is phenotypic potential to influence positively the profitability of the production units, but it is essential to calculate the genetic parameters that support this.

Resumen La silvicultura clonal intensiva con Gmelina arborea, promete ser una opción para atender la baja productividad que enfrentan los productores nacionales. No obstante, la calidad integral y sanidad de los individuos debe ser estudiada para mejorar la rentabilidad de las unidades de producción. Para caracterizar el desempeño de 15 genotipos superiores de melina, evaluados en tres sitios de la Región Huetar Norte, se estimaron diferencias estadísticas y la superioridad fenotípica (SF) de cada clon por su desempeño en volumen comercial (VC), calidad (C %) y volumen comercial de calidad (VCC). Además, se clasificó cada genotipo respecto a su susceptibilidad a la enfermedad “pudrición en el tronco”. Se identificó la población potencial comercial como los clones superiores al promedio poblacional en VCC y la población potencial de mejoramiento como los genotipos con SF mayor a 10 % en VCC. Las poblaciones potenciales comerciales, su impacto en VCC y los genotipos menos susceptibles a la enfermedad, son: Sitio Upala (2,8 años) 53 % del conjunto, impacto 2,21 m3 ha-1, el clon 1 poco susceptible. Sitio Cutris (5,9 años) 55 % de los clones, SF de 1,73 m3 ha-1, excepto el clon 6, esta población es menos susceptible. Sitio Guatuso (4,3 años) 61,5 % de los genotipos aumentaría en 3,24 m3 ha-1 el VCC, de esta población los clones 7, 11, 6 y 12 presentan menor susceptibilidad. En la región existe potencial fenotípico para impactar positivamente la rentabilidad de las unidades de producción; pero es necesario calcular los parámetros genéticos que respalden esta información.

Resumen El objetivo de este trabajo fue estimar los componentes de varianza y correlaciones genéticas para la producción de leche (PLe), el flujo medio (FMd), el flujo máximo (FMx) y la conductividad eléctrica (CE) de la leche, en un sistema de ordeño robotizado. Se analizaron 137 lactaciones de 110 vacas Holstein primíparas y multíparas, con 42,009 observaciones, desde el año 2018 hasta el 2020 en un hato lechero en el estado de Querétaro. Se realizó la evaluación genética utilizando un modelo animal de regresión mixta. Para estimar la heredabilidad (h2) se utilizó el algoritmo de máxima verosimilitud restringida para calcular los componentes de varianza, el estimador BLUE y el predictor BLUP, para cada una de las variables sujetas en la investigación. La h2 estimada para PLe (0.62) fue la más alta de las calculadas, de igual modo se estimó la h2 para FMd (0.44), FMx (0.33) y CE (0.28); se considera que uno de los aspectos que influyó en los valores obtenidos se debió a la variabilidad de cada observación diaria. Las correlaciones genéticas para la PLe fueron negativas para el FMd (-0.6117) y FMx (-0.7666); en contraste, para la característica de CE (-0.1669) la correlación fue baja. Las correlaciones genéticas estimadas para FMx fueron positivas para FMd (0.7422) y CE (0.5351), finalmente se estimó una correlación genética positiva para FMd y CE (0.3546). Los resultados presentados permiten entender las relaciones existentes entre flujo, conductividad y producción e indican la importancia de estas características para un programa de selección genética.

Abstract This work aimed to estimate the variance components and genetic correlations for milk yield (MiY), mean flow rate (MnF), maximum flow rate (MxF), and electrical conductivity (EC) of milk, in a robotic milking system. IT was analyzed a total of 137 lactations from 110 primiparous and multiparous Holstein cows, with 42,009 observations, from 2018 to 2020 in a dairy herd in the state of Querétaro. Genetic evaluation was performed using a mixed regression animal model. To estimate heritability (h2), the restricted maximum likelihood algorithm was used to calculate the variance components, the BLUE estimator and the BLIP predictor, for each of the variables subject to the research. The estimated h2 for MiY (0.62) was the highest of those calculated, and h2 was also estimated for MnF (0.44), MxF (0.33), and EC (0.28); it is considered that one of the aspects that influenced the values was the variability of each daily observation. Genetic correlations for MiY were negative for MnF (-0.6117) and MxF (-0.7666); in contrast, for the trait of EC (-0.1669), the correlation was low. The estimated genetic correlations for MxF were positive for MnF (0.7422) and EC (0.5351); finally, a positive genetic correlation was estimated for MnF and EC (0.3546). The results presented allow to understand the relationships between flow rate, conductivity, and yield, and they indicate the importance of these characteristics for a genetic selection program.

Resumen El conocimiento y modelación de curvas de lactación hacen posible identificar factores que ayuden a explicar las variaciones ambientales y genéticas, que permitan implementar un programa de selección. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar diferentes modelos para las curvas de producción de leche, grasa y proteína en ganado Holstein en México, así como evaluar algunos factores que las afectan. Se usó información de 125,982 lactaciones pertenecientes a 68,804 animales nacidos del año 2000 al 2020. Se evaluó el efecto del número de parto, época del año y hato. Con la paquetería Lactcurves de R, se ajustaron los 38 modelos que incluye, de los cuales se eligieron los cuatro mejores (Wood, Wilmink, Ali & Schaeffer y Pollot modificado) que posteriormente se usaron para modelar las curvas individuales a través de un modelo de regresión no lineal. Los parámetros calculados para cada modelo fueron estadísticamente diferentes entre el número de lactación (P<0.05), así como el número de parto, época de parto y hato (P<0.01). Las curvas modeladas tienen formas similares a las reportadas en otros estudios, a excepción de las obtenidas para proteína en el tercer y cuarto o más partos con el modelo de Pollot modificado. La ecuación propuesta por Wilmink fue la que presentó mejor ajuste para la población de estudio según los diferentes criterios de evaluación. El emplear el modelo que mejor se adapte a los datos dará predicciones más cercanas a la realidad, y poder aplicarlo a distintos ámbitos como el mejoramiento genético.

Abstract The knowledge and modeling of lactation curves make it possible to identify factors that help explain environmental and genetic variations that allow the implementation of a selection program. This work aimed to evaluate different models for milk production, fat, and protein curves in Holstein cattle in Mexico and some factors that affect them. The information used was from 125,982 lactations belonging to 68,804 animals born from 2000 to 2020. The effect of calving number, season of the year, and herd was evaluated. R’s Lactcurves package was employed to fit the 38 models included in the package, of which the best four (Wood, Wilmink, Ali & Schaeffer, and modified Pollot) were chosen and then used to model the individual curves through a nonlinear regression model. The parameters calculated for each model were statistically different among the number of lactations (P<0.05), as well as the number of calving, calving season, and herd (P<0.01). The modeled curves have similar shapes to those reported in other studies, except those obtained for protein in the third and fourth or more calvings with the modified Pollot model. The equation proposed by Wilmink was the one that presented the best fit for the study population according to the different evaluation criteria. Using the model that best suits the data will give a closer predictions to reality, and it can be applied to different areas, such as genetic improvement.

RESUMEN La investigación sobre mejoramiento genético para el cultivo de lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam.) en Colombia es limitada. Especificamente, la investigación relacionada con la interacción genotipo-ambiente (IGA) y la estabilidad en caracteres agronómicos es escasa. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar genotipos sobresalientes mediante la evaluación de la IGA y la estabilidad del peso del fruto (PF), ácido ascórbico (AA) y rendimiento de 10 familias de medio hermanos (FMH). Se establecieron cuatro ensayos en San Pedro de Cartago, Arboleda, Tangua y La Unión del departamento de Nariño (Colombia), utilizando el diseño de bloques completos al azar con cuatro repeticiones. Para analizar el IGA se utilizó el modelo aditivo de efectos principales e interacción multiplicativa (AMMI) y algunos parámetros de estabilidad AMMI. En Tangua, FMH7 y el control presentaron adaptación específica con rendimientos de 12,82 y 13,41 t ha-1, respectivamente y PF mayor a 100 g. En Arboleda, la FMH29 obtuvo el mayor rendimiento (16,14 t ha-1) con un PF de 100,53 g. FMH4, FMH28 y FMH49 alcanzaron rendimientos superiores a 9,0 t ha-1 y un PF mayor a 100 g, lo que indica su estabilidad e idoneidad para cualquiera de los ambientes evaluados. FMH25 en AA y FMH29 en rendimiento presentaron adaptación específica en Arboleda. Las familias estables en ambientes con buen rendimiento fueron FMH4, FMH28 y FMH49, donde FMH4 y FMH28 mostraron valores superiores en dos de los tres caracteres, y FMH49 destacó en las tres variables. Estas familias pueden utilizarse en programas de fitomejoramiento como parentales o entregarse a los agricultores como variedades mejoradas.

ABSTRACT Research on genetic improvement for the cultivation of lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam.) in Colombia is limited. Specifically, research related to genotype-by-environment interaction (GEI) and stability in agronomic traits is scarce. This study aimed to identify superior genotypes by evaluating GEI and the stability of fruit weight (FW), ascorbic acid (AA), and yield among 10 half-sib families (HSF). Four trials were established at San Pedro de Cartago, Arboleda, Tangua and La Union of the department of Nariño (Colombia), using the randomized complete block design with four repetitions. To analyze GEI, the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model and some AMMI stability parameters were used. In Tangua, HSF7 and the control exhibited specific adaptation with yields of 12.82 and 13.41 t ha-1, respectively, and FW greater than 100 g. In Arboleda, HSF29 obtained the highest yield (16.14 t ha-1) with an FW of 100.53 g. HSF4, HSF28 and HSF49 reached yields above 9.0 t ha-1 and a FW greater than 100 g, indicating their stability and suitability for any of the environments evaluated. HSF25 in AA and HSF29 in yield presented specific adaptation in Arboleda. Stable families across environments with good yield were HSF4, HSF28, and HSF49, with HSF4 and HSF28 showing higher values in two of the three traits, and HSF49 excelling in all three variables. These families can be used in plant breeding programs as parents or distributed to farmers as improved varieties.

Abstract Background: PRKAG2 syndrome typically manifests in adolescence and early adulthood, progressing with left ventricular hypertrophy, arrhythmias, and risk of sudden death. Findings of echocardiographic markers before clinical manifestation in children of patients affected by the disease can facilitate prevention strategies and therapeutic planning for this patient group. Objective: To identify the existence of echocardiographic findings that manifest early in children of parents affected by PRKAG2 syndrome, while they are still asymptomatic. Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, 7 participants who were children of parents with established diagnosis of PRKAG2 syndrome, between the ages of 9 months and 12 years, with proven genetic diagnosis, underwent conventional and advanced echocardiography. Their findings were compared to those of a control group composed of 7 age- and sex-matched volunteers who were healthy from a cardiovascular point of view. P values < 0.05 were considered significant. Results: Conventional echocardiography showed statistically significantly higher values in the case group for left atrium, interventricular septum, left ventricular posterior wall, indexed ventricular mass, and relative wall thickness (p < 0.05). Global longitudinal systolic strain on 2-dimensional echocardiography did not show statistical significance between the case and control groups. None of the parameters on 3-dimensional echocardiography showed statistical significance between groups. Conclusion: Children diagnosed with PRKAG2 showed echocardiographic findings indicative of a tendency toward cardiac hypertrophy. Echocardiography can be a useful tool in the evaluation and follow-up of this patient group before the onset of clinical manifestations. Background PRKAG adulthood hypertrophy arrhythmias death Objective asymptomatic Methods crosssectional cross sectional study 1 years age sexmatched sex matched view 005 0 05 0.0 significant Results atrium septum mass p 0.05. . 0.05) 2dimensional dimensional 2 groups 3dimensional 3 Conclusion followup follow up manifestations 00 0.

Resumo Fundamento: A síndrome do PRKAG2 tipicamente se manifesta na adolescência e início da idade adulta, cursando com hipertrofia ventricular esquerda, arritmias e risco de morte súbita. O achado de marcadores ecocardiográficos antes da manifestação clínica nos filhos de pais acometidos pela doença pode facilitar a estratégia de prevenção e planejamento terapêutico para esse grupo de pacientes. Objetivo: Identificar a existência de achados ecocardiográficos que se manifestem precocemente nos filhos de pais acometidos por síndrome do PRKAG2, enquanto ainda assintomáticos. Métodos: Estudo observacional transversal em que sete participantes, filhos de pais com diagnóstico estabelecido de síndrome do PRKAG2, com idades entre 9 meses e 12 anos e diagnóstico genético comprovado, foram submetidos à ecocardiografia convencional e por técnicas avançadas, tendo seus achados comparados aos de grupo controle composto por sete voluntários pareados por sexo e idade, hígidos do ponto de vista cardiovascular. Um valor de p < 0,05 foi considerado significante. Resultados: A ecocardiografia convencional mostrou valores aumentados com significância estatística no grupo caso para átrio esquerdo, septo interventricular, parede posterior do ventrículo esquerdo, massa ventricular indexada e espessura relativa da parede (p < 0,05). O strain sistólico longitudinal global obtido pelo ecocardiograma bidimensional não mostrou diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos caso e controle. Nenhum dos parâmetros ao ecocardiograma tridimensional apresentou significância estatística entre os grupos. Conclusão: Crianças diagnosticadas com PRKAG2 demonstraram achados ecocardiográficos indicativos de tendência à hipertrofia cardíaca. A ecocardiografia pode ser uma ferramenta útil na avaliação e seguimento desse grupo de pacientes, antes do início de manifestações clínicas. Fundamento PRKAG adulta esquerda súbita pacientes Objetivo assintomáticos Métodos participantes 1 comprovado avançadas cardiovascular 005 0 05 0,0 significante Resultados esquerdo interventricular 0,05. . 0,05) Conclusão cardíaca clínicas 00 0,

Resumen La velocidad de crecimiento en altura de Swietenia macrophylla destaca en términos de resistencia al ataque del barrenador Hypsipyla grandella y la selección de familias de rápido crecimiento puede viabilizar las plantaciones comerciales. Los caracteres altura, diámetro, número de hojas y forma del tronco de árboles de 4 familias de S. macrophylla, de 47,5 meses de edad, plantados en Ucayali, Perú, se utilizaron para investigar la posibilidad de seleccionar genotipos de rápido crecimiento. La heredabilidad promedio (h2m) y la precisión selectiva (Acprog) entre familias fueron moderadas para la altura total (Ht: h2m: 0,407; Acprog: 0,638) y la altura comercial (Hc: h2m: 0.472; Acprog: 0.687), además de que Hc correlacionó positivamente con la susceptibilidad a el ataque del taladro. La forma del fuste mostró diferencias importantes entre las familias y alta h2m (0,984) y Acprog (0,921). Las correlaciones genéticas (r g ) y fenotípicas (r f ) entre rasgos mostraron que una selección de individuos con mayores alturas generalmente resultará en un mayor crecimiento en diámetro, número de hojas y mejor forma del tallo. El estudio destaca la importancia de seleccionar familias con rápido crecimiento en altura y tallos rectos para posibilitar, mejorar la calidad y aumentar la productividad de las plantaciones comerciales con la especie.

Abstract The speed of growth in height of Swietenia macrophylla stands out in terms of resistance to attack by the Hypsipyla grandella borer and the selection of fast-growing families can make commercial plantings viable. The characters height, diameter, number of leaves and stem form of trees from 4 families of S. macrophylla, aged 47.5 months, planted in Ucayali, Peru, were used to investigate the possibility of selecting fast-growing genotypes. The average heritability (h2m) and selective accuracy (Acprog) between families were moderate for total height (Ht: h2m: 0.407; Acprog: 0.638) and commercial height (Hc: h2m: 0.472; Acprog: 0.687), in addition to Hc positively correlating with susceptibility to the drill attack. The stem form showed statistical differences between families and great h2m (0.984) and Acprog (0.921). The genetic (r g ) and phenotypic (r f ) correlations between traits showed that a selection of individuals with greater heights will generally result in greater growth in diameter, number of leaves and better stem form. The study highlights the importance of selecting families with fast growth in height and straight stems to enable, improve the quality and increase the productivity of commercial plantations with the species.

RESUMEN Esta investigación presenta una metodología para optimizar fuerzas de control en edificaciones, las cuales se encuentran sometidas a cargas sísmicas. Se desarrolló un sistema de control llamado CLF-MR_I, el cuál combina un algoritmo genético de clasificación no dominada NSGA-II y un sistema de control basado en lógica difusa. El controlador fue ensayado numéricamente en una edificación real de 96 m de altura, en la cual se instalaron 6 amortiguadores magnetoreológicos MR. La estructura fue sometida a 8 aceleraciones de sismo con diferentes rangos frecuenciales. Los parámetros de entrada para el sistema de control propuesto fueron los desplazamientos y las velocidades del primer piso de la edificación y como único parámetro de salida, se definió el voltaje de los dispositivos MR. La eficiencia del CLF-MR_1 fue comparada con un segundo controlador llamado CLF-MR_2, el cual funciona mediante un sistema de inferencia basado en parámetros lingüísticos. Los resultados obtenidos indican que el CLF-MR_1 mejora significativamente la respuesta dinámica de la edificación, en comparación con los resultados obtenidos con el CLF-MR_2 y con la condición no controlada de la edificación.

ABSTRACT This research presents a methodology to optimize control forces in buildings, which are subjected to seismic loads. A control system called CLF-MR_1 was developed, which combines a genetic algorithm of non-dominated classification NSGA-II and a control system based on fuzzy logic. The controller was numerically evaluated in a real 96 m high building, in which 6 MR magnetorheological dampers were installed. The structure was subjected to 8 earthquake accelerations with different frequency ranges. The input parameters for the proposed control system were the displacements and velocities of the first floor of the building and the only output parameter was the voltage of the MR devices. The efficiency of CLF-MR_1 was compared with a second controller called CLF-MR_2, which operates using an inference system based on linguistic parameters. Results obtained show that CLF-MR_1 significantly improves the dynamic response of the building, compared to the results obtained with CLF-MR_2 and the uncontrolled condition of the building.

RESUMO Esta pesquisa apresenta uma metodologia para otimizar as forças de controle em edifícios sujeitos a cargas sísmicas. Foi desenvolvido um sistema de controle denominado CLF-MR_1, que combina um algoritmo genético de classificação não dominada NSGA-II e um sistema de controle baseado em lógica difusa. O controlador foi testado numericamente em um edifício real de 96 m de altura, no qual foram instalados 6 amortecedores magnetorheológicos MR. A estrutura foi submetida a 8 acelerações de terremoto com diferentes faixas de frequência. Os parâmetros de entrada para o sistema de controle proposto foram os deslocamentos e as velocidades do primeiro andar do edifício, e a tensão dos dispositivos MR foi definida como o único parâmetro de saída. A eficiência do CLF-MR_1 foi comparada com um segundo controlador chamado CLF-MR_2, que opera usando um sistema de inferência baseado em parâmetros linguísticos. Os resultados obtidos indicam que o CLF-MR_1 melhora significativamente a resposta dinâmica do edifício, em comparação com os resultados obtidos com o CLF-MR_2 e a condição não controlada do edifício.

Resumen Introducción y Objetivos: En el desierto de Atacama ciertas plantas viven aisladas y acotadas a regiones con disponibilidad de agua. La conectividad dentro y entre poblaciones depende de las barreras impuestas por el paisaje y de su capacidad de dispersión. Prosopis flexuosa es una especie con alta importancia económica y ecológica incluida en el Programa de Conservación y Manejo del algarrobo. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la variabilidad genética y sistema de fecundación de P. flexuosa en el Desierto de Atacama. M&M: Se evaluó la diversidad genética y el sistema de fecundación sobre la base de marcadores moleculares microsatélites en una población natural (Quillagua). Se analizó la distribución jerárquica de la varianza genética y los niveles de las coancestrías. Resultados: Los resultados indican altos niveles de diversidad genética (HE = 0,67-0,65; Ar = 3,8-3,7), fecundación principalmente cruzada (tm = 0,97, ts = 0,85), baja endogamia biparental (11,6%) y paternidad múltiple. La proporción de hermanos completos disminuye cuando se consideran semillas del mismo o diferente fruto (89[PRESERVECIRC]16%). Solamente la varianza entre familias resulta significativa (p < 0,001) y las coancestrías promedio estimadas dan cuenta que las progenies familiares no están conformadas solamente por medios hermanos. Conclusiones: Los resultados son discutidos y relacionados con la dispersión limitada del polen y semillas y su implicancia para el manejo. El estudio del sistema de fecundación de esta población del desierto chileno sugiere que la baja densidad poblacional y la fragmentación del ambiente no influirían en su capacidad de apareamiento.

Summary Background and aims: In the Atacama Desert certain plant species can be found in small and isolated areas, limited to regions with water availability. The degree of connectivity within and between these natural populations depends on their pollen and seed dispersal abilities, as well as on the barriers imposed by the landscape. Prosopis flexuosa is a species of high economic and ecological importance included in the algarrobo Conservation and Management program. The main objective of this work is to analyze the genetic variability and mating system of P. flexuosa in the Atacama Desert. M&M: Genetic diversity parameters as well as the mating system were evaluated in a natural population (Quillagua) based on microsatellite molecular markers. The hierarchical distribution of genetic variance and kinship coefficients were analyzed. Results: The results indicate high levels of genetic diversity (HE = 0.67-0.65; Ar = 3.83.7), high outcrossing rates (tm = 0.97, ts = 0.85), low biparental inbreeding (11.6%) and multiple paternity. The proportion of full sibs decreases when considering seeds from the same or different pods (89[PRESERVECIRC]16%). Only the variance between families is significant (p < 0.001) and mean kinships estimated show that progenies within families are not only constituted by half sibs. Conclusions: The results are discussed and related to the limited pollen and seed dispersal and their implication for the management of this resource. The study of the mating system parameters of this Chilean desert population suggests that the low population density and the environment fragmentation would not be influencing their mating capacity.

Abstract: The main contribution of this paper is the implementation of a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition with adaptive adjustment of control parameters applied to the bi-objective problem of Internet shopping (MOEA/D-AACPBIShOP). For this variant of the IShOP, the minimization of the cost and shipping time of the shopping list is considered. The proposed MOEA/D-AACPBIShOP algorithm produces an approximate Pareto set on a total of nine of instances with real-world data classified as small, medium, and large. The instances are obtained using the Web Scraping technique, extracting some information attributes of technological products from the Amazon site. This optimization problem is a very little studied variant of the Internet Shopping Problem (IShOP). The proposed algorithm is compared with two multi-objective algorithms: A Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) and the basic MOEA/D version. The results demonstrate that the three algorithms studied have a similar statistical performance with respect to the quality of the solutions they provide. To make a comparison, these algorithms are evaluated using three metrics: Hypervolume, Generalized Dispersion, and Inverted Generational Distance. On the other hand, the Wilcoxon and Friedman non-parametric tests validate the obtained results with a 5% significance level.