Abstract: Expert intelligentsia has dominated the Chilean right-wing since the return to democratic rule in 1990. Nonetheless, between 2010 and 2018, a new cadre of young humanist intellectuals emerged within the Right, questioning some of the practices and ideas defended by this sector. This article examines the origin of this humanist intelligentsia. After reviewing various sources, it concludes that the origin of these intellectuals might be related to the exhaustion of the “Chicago-gremialista” narrative, a generational change, and the inability of the expert intellectual to process and respond to contemporary Chilean problems.

Resumen: La intelligentsia experta ha dominado a la derecha chilena desde el retorno a la democracia en 1990. No obstante, entre 2010 y 2018, la derecha experimentó en su interior un auge de jóvenes intelectuales humanistas que pusieron en cuestión algunas de las prácticas e ideas defendidas por este sector. Este artículo examina el origen de esta intelectualidad humanista. Tras revisar diversas fuentes, se concluye que el origen de esta intelectualidad se relacionaría con el agotamiento del discurso “chicago-gremialista”, un cambio generacional y la incapacidad del intelectual experto para procesar y dar respuesta a los problemas del Chile contemporáneo.

Abstract The transformations that took place in the sugarcane business structure in Tucumán during the first decades of the twentieth century are investigated, with special emphasis on the strategies implemented by Tucumán families to maintain the ownership and control of their firms. During these years, there was a change in the corporate staff, with the departure or death of the founding partners and the continuity of their descendants. Therefore, it is important to analyze the process of generational succession in managerial positions, the qualitative weight of the parental and amiable networks in the union and reciprocity within the firms, and their role as channels through which business values and skills were transmitted, which contributed to the survival of the family element in many firms in this regional economy of Argentina.

Resumen Se indagan las transformaciones acaecidas en la estructura empresarial azucarera durante las primeras décadas del siglo XX, con especial énfasis en las estrategias que instrumentaron las familias tucumanas para mantener la propiedad y el control de sus firmas. Durante estos años, se produjo un recambio en los planteles empresariales, con el apartamiento o muerte de los socios fundadores y la continuidad de sus descendientes. Por lo tanto, importa analizar el proceso de sucesión generacional en los puestos dirigenciales, el peso cualitativo que tuvieron las redes parentales y amicales en la unión y reciprocidad hacia dentro de las firmas, y su rol como canales por donde se transmitieron valores y aptitudes empresariales, variables que coadyuvaron a la pervivencia del elemento familiar en numerosas firmas de esta economía regional de la Argentina.

Resumo Este trabalho visa analisar as transformações ocorridas na estrutura empresarial da indústria açucareira argentina, durante as primeiras décadas do século XX. Coloca-se especial ênfase no estudo das estratégias implementadas pelas firmas familiares do setor açucareiro da província de Tucumán -até então, a mais importante produtora do país- para manter a propriedade e o controle de suas empresas. O marco temporal escolhido apresenta grande relevância para o estudo da história empresarial provincial, uma vez que houve nesses anos uma mudança significativa nas cúpulas empresariais locais, com a sucessão ou morte dos sócios fundadores e a continuidade de seus descendentes. Neste sentido, o presente artigo foca-se na análise do processo de sucessão geracional em cargos gerenciais, o peso qualitativo que as redes de amizade e parentais tinham na união e reciprocidade dentro das empresas e seu papel como canais através dos quais os valores e habilidades empresariais eram transmitidos. Postula-se que estas variáveis contribuíram para a sobrevivência do elemento familiar em muitas empresas dessa economia regional da Argentina.

Abstract: Within the multi-objective (static) optimization field, various works related to the adaptive selection of genetic operators can be found. These include multi-armed bandit-based methods and probability-based methods. For dynamic multi-objective optimization, finding this type of work is very difficult. The main characteristic of dynamic multi-objective optimization is that its problems do not remain static over time; on the contrary, its objective functions and constraints change over time. Adaptive operator selection is responsible for selecting the best variation operator at a given time within a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm process. This work proposes incorporating a new adaptive operator selection method into a Dynamic Multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithm Based on Decomposition algorithm, which we call DMOEA/D-SL. This new adaptive operator selection method is based on a reinforcement learning algorithm called State-Action-Reward-State-Action Lambda or SARSA (λ). SARSA Lambda trains an Agent in an environment to make sequential decisions and learn to maximize an accumulated reward over time; in this case, select the best operator at a given moment. Eight dynamic multi-objective benchmark problems have been used to evaluate algorithm performance as test instances. Each problem produces five Pareto fronts. Three metrics were used: Inverted Generational Distance, Generalized Spread, and Hypervolume. The non-parametric statistical test of Wilcoxon was applied with a statistical significance level of 5% to validate the results.

Abstract Recent statistics from the Chilean Network against Violence Towards Women (2023) show that northern regions have the highest rates of women affected by domestic violence. This research studies the family narratives of four Aymara women from northern Chile, filially related as grandmother, mother and granddaughters. With the aim of understanding their biographies and the meanings associated with gender violence and ethnic-racial discrimination, life stories were constructed focused on the transmission of experiences linked to their gender, recapitulating different moments of the life cycle, own culture and milestones sociohistorical. Conceptually, an intersectional and decolonial perspective was assumed to analyze gender violence in an intertwined manner with ethnic-racial inequalities. Patterns of generational change in an Aymara family are described, and variations with respect to the gender mandates prevailing in each historical era, as well as tensions, agencies, and resistances that each narrator exercises individually and collectively in the face of gender violence. It is necessary to advance in the understanding of meanings and senses that racialized women construct about their daily lives, their oppressions and resistances, making visible new categories of intersectionality.

Resumen Estadísticas recientes de la Red Chilena contra la Violencia hacia las Mujeres (2023) muestran que las regiones del Norte presentan las más altas tasas de mujeres afectadas por violencia intrafamiliar. Esta investigación estudia las narrativas familiares de cuatro mujeres Aymara de dicha región, relacionadas filialmente como abuela, madre y nietas. Con el objetivo de comprender sus biografías y los significados asociados a la violencia de género y la discriminación étnico-racial, se construyeron relatos de vida enfocados en la transmisión de vivencias vinculadas a su género, recapitulando diferentes momentos del ciclo vital, cultura propia e hitos sociohistóricos. Conceptualmente, se asumió una perspectiva interseccional y decolonial para analizar las violencias de género de manera imbricada con desigualdades étnico-raciales. Se describen patrones de cambio generacional en una familia Aymara y se visualizan variaciones respecto de los mandatos de género imperantes en cada época histórica, así como tensiones, agencias y resistencias que cada narradora ejerce individual y colectivamente ante las violencias de género. Se considera necesario avanzar en la comprensión de significados y sentidos que las mujeres racializadas construyen sobre su vida cotidiana, sus opresiones y resistencias, visibilizando nuevas categorías de interseccionalidad.

Abstract: The milpa landscape is a territory where there is a close relationship between the Mayan populations and the forest manifested in agroecosystem management strategies such as: the milpa, the home garden and the secondary vegetation. The milpa landscape faces multiple socio-environmental pressures that require transdisciplinary analytical frameworks that allow its comprehensive understanding. The objective of this work is to analyze through variables that allow us to deepen into the socioecological relationships established by the human and biophysical components of southern Yucatán. The framework of socio-ecological systems was used, for its operationalization secondary information was reviewed and 257 surveys were applied in two municipalities. The results show that socioecological relationships are influenced by aspects of governance and land tenure. The milpa system prevails in livelihoods, but coexists with factors such as the loss of the Mayan language, the low generational change, the market economy, the high prevalence of agrochemicals and weather patterns. It is proposed that efforts based on the revaluation of the milpa, the participatory integration of knowledge and the development of adaptive governance schemes could have positive repercussions on sustainability if this biocultural landscape. Abstract vegetation socioenvironmental socio environmental understanding Yucatán ecological used 25 municipalities tenure livelihoods language change economy patterns 2

Resumen: El paisaje milpa es un territorio con una marcada relación entre las poblaciones mayas y las selvas que se manifiestan en estrategias de manejo de los agroecosistemas locales: la milpa, el huerto familiar y la vegetación secundaria. El paisaje milpa enfrenta múltiples presiones socioambientales que requieren de marcos analíticos transdiciplinarios que permitan su comprensión integral. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar en las interacciones que establecen los componentes humanos y biofísicos. Se utilizó el marco de sistemas socioecológicos, para su operacionalización se revisó información secundaria y se aplicaron 257 encuestas en dos municipios. Los resultados muestran que las relaciones socioecológicas son influenciadas por aspectos de gobernanza y la tenencia de la tierra. El sistema milpa prevalece en los medios de vida, pero coexistiendo con factores que amenazan su estabilidad como la pérdida de la lengua maya, el bajo relevo generacional, la economía de mercado, el alto empleo de agroquímicos y los patrones climáticos. Se concluye que esfuerzos basados en la revalorización de la milpa, la integración participativa de conocimientos y el desarrollo de esquemas de gobernanza adaptativa podrían repercutir positivamente en la sostenibilidad de este paisaje cultural. Resumen locales integral biofísicos socioecológicos 25 municipios tierra vida maya generacional mercado climáticos cultural 2

ABSTRACT This research describes and analyzes the generational rupture of the Revolutionary Left Movement in the context of the Third Congress held in 1967, in which a new generation assumed the movement's leadership. Starting from studies on youth and the focus of recent history, the hypothesis is raised that a generational break does not weaken or dilute the processes of political-social change but rather would inject new energies, contents, and speeds into these processes, allowing the incorporation of new actors, mentalities, practices, and political subjectivities. A qualitative content analysis method that considers data collection from a review of files developed by the movement is used. The results confirm that this generational rupture would be expressed on two levels: firstly, a rupture of a dialectical nature and, secondly, a rupture with an eminently political nature.

RESUMEN Esta investigación describe y analiza la ruptura generacional del Movimiento de Izquierda Revolucionaria en el contexto del Tercer Congreso realizado en 1967, en el que una nueva generación asume la conducción del movimiento. Partiendo de los estudios en juventudes y del enfoque de la historia reciente, se plantea la hipótesis que una ruptura generacional no debilita o diluye los procesos de cambio político-sociales, sino que les inyectaría nuevas energías, contenidos y velocidades a dichos procesos, permitiendo la incorporación de nuevos actores, mentalidades, prácticas y subjetividades políticas. Se utiliza un método cualitativo de análisis de contenido que considera la recolección de datos de revisión de archivos desarrollados por el mismo movimiento. Los resultados confirman que esta ruptura generacional se expresaría en dos niveles, en primer lugar, una ruptura que de carácter dialéctico y, en segundo lugar, una ruptura con un carácter eminentemente político.

This paper uses the arguments set out in Bhekizizwe Peterson's article "Spectrality and inter-generational black narratives in South Africa" as a framework to explore East German narratives of transformational change over the past 30 years, based on interviews with key anti-state activists. Of particular relevance for the East German case are Peterson's commentaries on 1) contrasting the 'limitless hope' of the revolution with subsequent experiences of mourning and melancholia - "unresolved grief" and a nostalgia for a future that once could have been; 2) the exploration of relationship between history, the arts and knowledge; 3) the struggle over creating a national 'good story' and the memories that haunt across generations; and 4) the role of radical imagination in social change. Although the presentation will draw on the larger longitudinal project, it will also incorporate a discussion of Lola Arias's play "Atlas des Kommunismus" which offers a retrospective look at the legacy of communism thirty years after the fall of the Berlin Wall, with characters playing themselves.

ABSTRACT Objectives: to contribute to the change in understandings and knowledge of the popular system among riverine women about female intimate self-care before and after the application of an educational dynamic. Methods: a qualitative-participative study based on the Sunrise Model. Twenty women registered at a Basic Health Unit on the Combu island, state of Pará, Brazil, participated in the second half of 2022. Semi-structured interviews were conducted before and after the educational dynamic; followed by reflective inductive analysis. Results: these are pointed out: a female mechanism of generational education; the cultural act of bathing as synonymous with intimate self care and disease prevention; intimate care with medicinal herbs; lack of professional system approach to the topic; fear of using “muddy water”; and lack of financial resources to purchase specific products for genitourinary care. Final Considerations: companionship and social factors drive intimate self-care; however, riverine women experience taboos, ignorance, and poverty. Objectives selfcare dynamic Methods qualitativeparticipative qualitative participative Model island Pará Brazil 2022 Semistructured Semi structured analysis Results out education prevention herbs topic muddy water water” Considerations however taboos ignorance poverty 202 20 2

RESUMEN Objetivos: contribuir para el cambio de comprensiones y saberes del sistema popular de mujeres ribereñas sobre el autocuidado íntimo femenino, antes y detrás la aplicación de una dinámica educativa. Métodos: estudio cualitativo-participativo apoyándose en el Sunrise Model. Participaron 20 mujeres, registradas en Unidad Básica de Salud de la isla de Combu, estado de Pará, Brasil, en el segundo semestre de 2022. Ocurrieron entrevistas semiestructuradas antes y detrás la dinámica educativa; y posterior análisis inductiva reflexiva. Resultados: señálese un mecanismo femenino de educación generacional; acto cultural del baño como sinónimo de autocuidado íntimo y prevención de enfermedades; aseos íntimos con hierbas medicinales; falta de abordaje del tema por el sistema profesional; temor del uso del “agua turbia”; y falta de recursos financieros para compra de productos específicos vueltos a cuidados genitourinarios. Consideraciones Finales: factores de compañerismo y sociales mueven el autocuidado íntimo, pero tabús, desconocimiento y pobreza han vividos por ribereñas. Objetivos educativa Métodos cualitativoparticipativo cualitativo participativo Model 2 Combu Pará Brasil 2022 reflexiva Resultados generacional enfermedades medicinales profesional agua turbia turbia” genitourinarios Finales tabús 202

RESUMO Objetivos: contribuir para a mudança de compreensões e saberes do sistema popular de mulheres ribeirinhas sobre o autocuidado íntimo feminino, antes e depois da aplicação de uma dinâmica educativa. Métodos: estudo qualitativo-participativo apoiando-se no Sunrise Model. Participaram 20 mulheres, cadastradas em Unidade Básica de Saúde da ilha do Combu, estado do Pará, Brasil, no segundo semestre de 2022. Ocorreram entrevistas semiestruturadas antes e depois da dinâmica educativa; e posterior análise indutiva reflexiva. Resultados: aponta-se um mecanismo feminino de educação geracional; o ato cultural do banho como sinônimo de autocuidado íntimo e da prevenção de doenças; asseios íntimos com ervas medicinais; falta de abordagem do tema pelo sistema profissional; temor do uso da “água barrenta”; e falta de recursos financeiros para compra de produtos específicos voltados aos cuidados genitourinários. Considerações Finais: fatores de companheirismo e sociais movem o autocuidado íntimo, contudo tabus, desconhecimento e pobreza são vivenciados pelas ribeirinhas. Objetivos educativa Métodos qualitativoparticipativo qualitativo participativo apoiandose apoiando se Model 2 Combu Pará Brasil 2022 reflexiva Resultados apontase aponta geracional doenças medicinais profissional água barrenta barrenta” genitourinários Finais tabus 202

Resumen El objetivo de este artículo es identificar actores civiles que iniciaron sus carreras políticas entre 1929 y 1943, para dilucidar qué hizo posible la transición de gobiernos presididos por generales veteranos de la Revolución mexicana a gobiernos compuestos por civiles profesionales de la política en sintonía con el contexto nacional, estableciendo un cambio generacional cuyos miembros fueron definidos como civiles que se presentaban como "técnicos abocados a la redención nacional a través del conocimiento y la lealtad al presidente".

Résumé L’objectif de cet article est d’identifier les acteurs civils qui ont commencé leur carrière politique entre 1929 et 1943, d’élucider ce qui a rendu possible le passage de gouvernements présidés par des généraux vétérans de la Révolution à des gouvernements composés de professionnels de la politique civile en phase avec la politique nationale, instaurant un changement générationnel dont les membres se définissaient comme des civils, qui se présentaient comme des "techniciens dédiés à la rédemption nationale par la connaissance et la fidélité au président".

Summary The objective of this article is to identify civil actors who began their political careers between 1929 and 1943, to elucidate what made possible the transition from governments presided over by veteran generals of the Revolution to governments made up of civilian political professionals in tune with the national context, establishing a generational change whose members were defined as civilians, who presented themselves as "technicians dedicated to national redemption through knowledge and loyalty to the president".

Abstract Mexico is identified as the center of origin of maize. In addition, there is a solid local ethnological knowledge about its cultivation, climate, and cosmogony. This research aims were: 1) to integrate and capitalize on the farmers’ knowledge in the Upper Lerma River Basin and 2) to identify triggers for local sustainability. Through ethnoecological interviews and the Delphi method, a conceptual model of rainfed maize cultivation was built, based on four dimensions: maize, agricultural work, climate-environment, and religion-cosmogony. Climate variability, generational change and industrialization could be a challenge for peasants if their ethnoecological knowledge is not exploited.

Resumen México es identificado como centro de origen del maíz; a ello se agrega un sólido conocimiento etnoecológico local sobre su cultivo, clima y cosmogonía. Esta investigación plantea: 1) integrar y capitalizar el conocimiento del campesino en la Cuenca Alta del Río Lerma y 2) identificar detonadores de sostenibilidad local. Mediante entrevistas etnoecológicas y el método Delphi se construyó un modelo conceptual del cultivo de maíz de temporal, basado en cuatro dimensiones: maíz, labores agrícolas, clima-ambiente y religión-cosmogonía. La variabilidad climática, el cambio generacional y la industrialización podrían ser un desafío para los campesinos si no se capitaliza su conocimiento etnoecológico.

Resumen El estúdio tiene como objetivo analizar las acciones de la cooperativa agrícola Cotrijal, en Rio Grande do Sul, dirigidas a jóvenes, socios o hijos de socios, con el fin de incentivar la sucesión generacional. Fue sostenido en datos documentales del ano 2021, recopilados en el sitio web de Cotrijal. Actualmente, la cooperativa está desarrollando dos proyectos específicos para incentivar la sucesión generacional, Niños Líderes y Participación Familiar, a través del cual busca promover la socialización de las nuevas generaciones de agricultores en el campo y en la cooperativa, alentando su responsabilidad por parte de las generaciones mayores. Y, recientemente, Cotrijal sufrió un cambio en su identidad visual, incorporando la idea de sucesión generacional en su logo. Por tanto, el análisis del escenario reciente de la actuación de Cotrijal demuestra la priorización de la preocupación por la sucesión generacional, ya que es esta renovación cíclica de los agricultores la que garantiza la supervivencia de la propia cooperativa agrícola. Sul jóvenes 2021 Actualmente Familiar mayores Y recientemente visual logo tanto 202 20 2

Abstract The study aims to analyze the actions of the Rio Grande do Sul agricultural cooperative Cotrijal aimed at young people, cooperative members or children of cooperative members, with a view to encouraging generational succession. It was supported by documentary data for the year 2021, collected on the Cotrijal website. Currently, the cooperative is developing two specific projects to stimulate generational succession, Child Leaders and Family Participation, through which it tries to promote the socialization of the new generations of farmers in the field and in the cooperative, stimulating their accountability by older generations. And recently, Cotrijal has undergone a change in its visual identity, incorporating the idea of generational succession in its logo. Therefore, the analysis of the recent scenario of actions of the Cotrijal demonstrates the prioritization of the concern with the generational succession, since it is this cyclical renewal of farmers that guarantees the survival of the agricultural cooperative itself. people 2021 website Currently Participation recently identity logo Therefore itself 202 20 2

Resumo O estudo objetiva analisar as ações da cooperativa agropecuária gaúcha Cotrijal destinadas aos jovens, cooperados ou filhos de cooperados, com vistas ao incentivo da sucessão geracional. Foi sustentado em dados documentais referentes ao ano de 2021, coletados no site da Cotrijal. Atualmente, a cooperativa desenvolve dois projetos específicos para estimular a sucessão geracional, Líderes Mirins e Participação em Família, por meio dos quais procura promover a socialização das novas gerações de agricultores no campo e na cooperativa, estimulando a sua responsabilização por parte das gerações mais antigas. E, recentemente, a Cotrijal passou por uma mudança em sua identidade visual, incorporando a ideia de sucessão geracional em seu logotipo. Logo, a análise do cenário recente de ações da Cotrijal demonstra a priorização da preocupação com a sucessão geracional, já que é essa renovação cíclica dos agricultores que garante a sobrevivência da própria cooperativa agropecuária. jovens 2021 Atualmente Família antigas E recentemente visual logotipo Logo 202 20 2

Generational conflicts are increasingly addressed in media and in academic debate. Against this backdrop Karl Mannheim's investigation of generational change can be brought back into focus. He argues that every generation is a potential for change, but this often goes hand in hand with a conflict between generations. From a postcolonial lens we challenge this universal conceptualisation of generational conflict: drawn from case studies in Benin and Austria we show that Mannheim's argument has to be provincialised. Despite the different settings and methodological approaches, our results are similar: while young people perceive themselves as distinct from the older generation, and despite the rhetoric of rupture, no conflict can be observed in the concrete behaviour of the actors. Despite these similarities, it is important to witness the particular contexts, with specific, generational locations and specific spatial and temporal conditions. Only taking this into account, can it be said why, in what form, and in which contexts young people contribute to social change through the way they interact with other generations. Therefore, we want to question Mannheim's assumption of a generational conflict and highlight the need to provincialise it as an engine of change.

Resumo A escassez de jovens interessados pela agricultura e as incertezas no processo de sucessão geracional nas propriedades são realidades que afetam muitos países, incluindo a Espanha. Nesse país, menos de um terço dos agricultores são considerados jovens. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo é trazer percepções e reflexões sobre o tema com base em depoimentos de representantes das organizações sindicais espanholas ligadas, sobretudo, à agricultura familiar. Para tanto, doze entrevistas foram realizadas, transcritas e analisadas com base na técnica conhecida como análise de conteúdo. Os resultados refletem a construção de cinco categorias de análise: acesso à terra e investimentos iniciais; formação socioprofissional; rentabilidade dos estabelecimentos; serviços e infraestrutura no meio rural; e, políticas públicas para a juventude rural. No agro espanhol há setores dinâmicos e inovadores. Não obstante, a sucessão geracional se apresenta como um tema de importância transcendental. Representantes das organizações entrevistadas manifestaram preocupação com a escassez de jovens agricultores e com o futuro da agricultura. A pesquisa apontou que sucessão geracional, a instalação de jovens na agricultura e a renovação geracional da população rural são questões complexas, as quais devem ser afrontadas de maneira integral e efetiva, sobretudo porque seus desdobramentos afetam à sociedade como um todo.

Abstract The shortage of young people interested in agriculture and the lack of generational succession in the agricultural sector is a reality that affects many countries, including Spain. In that country, less than a third of farmers are considered young. Thus, the objective of this article is to bring perceptions and reflections on the subject based on testimonies of representatives of Spanish union organizations linked, above all, to family farming. For that, twelve interviews were carried out, transcribed and analyzed based on the technique known as content analysis. The results boil down to five categories of analysis: access to land and initial investments; socio-professional training; profitability of production units; services and infrastructure in rural areas, and; public policies for rural youth. Although there are more dynamic and innovative segments, generational succession is presented as a peremptory need for the Spanish agricultural sector. Representatives of all organizations interviewed expressed concern about the shortage of young farmers and the future of agriculture. In addition, the research pointed out that generational succession, the installation of young people in agriculture and the generational renewal of the agrarian population is a challenge of great complexity and, therefore, must be tackled in an integral way, involving different sectors of society.

Abstract Background: Health professionals establish a relationship with LGBTIQA+ users from their own meanings that are manifested in negative or positive attitudes in each encounter with them. Objective: To describe the attitudes towards sexual diversity of health professionals in South-Central Chile. Method: Qualitative study conducted in five cities in Central-Southern Chile. In depth interviews and discussion groups were conducted with 41 professionals, mostly women and midwives. A phenomenological analysis was carried out to describe the attitudes and experiences associated with sexual diversity. The validity of the data was ensured through the audit during the research process and the triangulation of analysts. Results: The health professionals interviewed use definitions based on popular knowledge and predominant culture to structure their personal and professional experiences of sexual diversity. Conclusions: The experiences have a favorable perception of generational change in common, motivation to learn cultural competences that value sexual diversity and low or no professional training; in the sense, the role of the State and universities play an important role in the initial and continuous training on this issue

Resumen Antecedentes: Les profesionales de salud establecen una relación con personas LGBTIQA+ desde sus propios significados que se manifiestan en actitudes negativas o positivas en cada encuentro con estas personas. Objetivo: Describir las actitudes hacia la diversidad sexual de profesionales de salud del centro-sur de Chile. Método: Estudio cualitativo realizado en cinco ciudades del centro-sur de Chile. Se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad y grupos de discusión a 41 profesionales, en su mayoría de género femenino y matronas. Se realizó un análisis fenomenológico para la descripción de las actitudes y vivencias asociadas con la diversidad sexual. La validez de los datos se aseguró a través de la auditoría durante el proceso investigativo y la triangulación de analistas. Resultados: Les profesionales de la salud entrevistades usan definiciones basadas en el conocimiento popular y la cultura predominante para estructurar sus vivencias personales y profesionales hacia la diversidad sexual. Conclusiones: Las vivencias tienen en común una percepción favorable en el recambio generacional, motivación al aprendizaje de competencias culturales que valoricen la diversidad sexual y una baja o nula formación profesional; en este sentido, el rol del Estado y de las universidades es muy importante en la formación inicial y continua en este tema.

RESUMO O acentuado envelhecimento docente em Portugal tem sido reconhecido como um dos obstáculos à mudança do paradigma educacional com que muitos sistemas educativos europeus estão comprometidos. As crescentes diferenças geracionais entre professores e alunos, as constantes pressões para a utilização educativa das tecnologias e a intensificação do trabalho docente têm contribuído para algum sentimento de ineficácia do trabalho curricular e um certo desencanto profissional em muitos professores. Neste contexto, o projeto REKINDLE+50 trabalhou com professores veteranos procurando potenciar a relação entre a sua agência curricular e as práticas de ensino pelo recurso a tecnologias digitais, com vista à promoção de um (re)encantamento profissional através da inovação curricular. Este texto analisa perspetivas de professores veteranos sobre os desafios da inovação curricular pelo uso de tecnologias, incluindo práticas, riscos percebidos, obstáculos e estratégias de superação que identificam na sua agência perante a inovação curricular. Assumindo uma metodologia qualitativa de cariz interpretativo, foi realizada uma análise de conteúdo aos murais em padlet e às reflexões individuais de 36 professores que participaram num curso de formação, organizado no âmbito do projeto, bem como às transcrições de três grupos de discussão focalizada. Desta análise constatou-se que a agência curricular de professores veteranos é potenciada por práticas de inovação pelas tecnologias, sobretudo quando percebem a sustentabilidade dessas práticas e os efeitos das mesmas numa participação mais ativa dos alunos nas atividades de ensino e na melhoria das suas aprendizagens.

RESUMEN El marcado envejecimiento del profesorado en Portugal ha sido reconocido como uno de los obstáculos para cambiar el paradigma educativo con el que están comprometidos muchos sistemas educativos europeos. Las crecientes diferencias generacionales entre profesores y alumnos, las constantes presiones para el uso educativo de las tecnologías y la intensificación de la labor docente han contribuido a una sensación de ineficacia del trabajo curricular y a un cierto desencanto profesional en muchos profesores. En este contexto, el proyecto REKINDLE+50 ha trabajado con profesores veteranos que buscan mejorar la relación entre su agencia curricular y sus prácticas de enseñanza mediante el uso de tecnologías digitales, con el fin de promover el (re)encanto profesional a través de la innovación curricular. Este texto analiza las perspectivas de los profesores veteranos sobre los retos de la innovación curricular mediante el uso de las tecnologías, incluyendo las prácticas, los riesgos percibidos, los obstáculos y las estrategias de superación que identifican en su agencia hacia la innovación curricular. Asumiendo una metodología cualitativa de carácter interpretativo, se realizó un análisis de contenido a los murales en padlet y a las reflexiones individuales de 36 profesores que participaron en un curso de formación, organizado dentro del proyecto, así como a las transcripciones de tres grupos focales. De este análisis se desprende que la agencia curricular de los profesores veteranos se ve reforzada por las prácticas de innovación a través de las tecnologías, especialmente cuando perciben la sostenibilidad de estas prácticas y sus efectos en una participación más activa de los alumnos en las actividades de enseñanza y en la mejora de su aprendizaje.

ABSTRACT The marked ageing of teachers in Portugal has been recognised as one of the obstacles to the change of the educational paradigm to which many European educational systems are committed. The growing generational differences between teachers and students, the constant pressures for the educational use of technologies and the intensification of the teaching work have contributed to a feeling of inefficiency of the curricular work and a certain professional disenchantment in many teachers. In this context, the REKINDLE+50 project worked with veteran teachers seeking to enhance the relationship between their curricular agency and teaching practices through the use of digital technologies, with a view to promoting professional (re)enchantment through curricular innovation. This text analyses veteran teachers’ perspectives about the challenges of curricular innovation through the use of technologies, including practices, perceived risks, obstaces and overcoming strategies that they identify in their agency towards curricular innovation. Assuming a qualitative methodology of interpretative nature, a content analysis was conducted to the murals on padlet and the individual reflections of 36 teachers who participated in a training course, organized within the project, as well as to the transcripts of three focus groups. From this analysis it was found that the curricular agency of veteran teachers is enhanced by innovation practices through technologies, especially when they perceive the sustainability of these practices and their effects on a more active participation of students in teaching activities and the improvement of their learning.