Abstract Euthanasia and assisted suicide are prohibited by French law. The Citizens’ Convention on the End of Life, created in December 2022, was tasked with evaluating the framework for end-of-life care. Its final report shows that most of the members of the Convention are in favor of evolving of the law towards “active aid in dying”. This conclusion forms the basis of a draft law to be considered before the summer of 2024. This article analyzes the main bioethical dilemmas at stake if the law is adopted.

Resumen La eutanasia y el suicidio asistido están prohibidos por la legislación francesa. La Convención Ciudadana sobre el Final de la Vida, creada en diciembre de 2022, se encargó de evaluar el marco de la asistencia al final de la vida. Su informe final muestra que la mayoría de los miembros de la Convención están a favor de una evolución de la ley hacia la “ayuda activa a morir”. Esta conclusión constituye la base de un proyecto de ley que se estudiará antes del verano de 2024. Este artículo analiza los principales dilemas bioéticos en juego si se aprueba la ley.

Abstract This article critically analyses the indigenous consultation process in Chile implemented after the ratification of ILO Convention 169 in 2008. Through the analysis of two cases and using an autoethnographic and documentary approach, it discusses how these processes, designed to guarantee the active participation of indigenous communities in decision-making that affects them, operate more as mechanisms for legitimising state policies and business projects, especially in extractive and environmental contexts. This research exposes the challenges and limitations of these processes in Chile, arguing that they fail to adequately comply with international standards of free, prior and informed consent, nor do they respect indigenous ontologies and cultural practices. The article concludes with the urgent need for legislative reforms to strengthen the representation and rights of indigenous communities within the Chilean governmental framework.

Resumen El presente artículo analiza críticamente el proceso de consulta indígena en Chile implementado tras la ratificación del Convenio 169 de la OIT en el año 2008. A través del análisis de dos casos y con un enfoque autoetnográfico y documental, se discute cómo estos procesos, diseñados para garantizar la participación activa de las comunidades indígenas en la toma de decisiones que les afectan, operan más como mecanismos de legitimación de políticas estatales y proyectos empresariales, especialmente en contextos extractivos y ambientales. Esta investigación, expone los desafíos y limitaciones de estos procesos en Chile, argumentando que no logran cumplir adecuadamente con los estándares internacionales de consentimiento libre, previo e informado, ni respetan las ontologías y prácticas culturales indígenas. El artículo concluye con la necesidad urgente de reformas legislativas que fortalezcan la representación y derechos de las comunidades indígenas dentro del marco gubernamental chileno.

Abstract The arrival of the ESCER in the Inter-American jurisdiction has raised a great debate due to the different positions in relation to the direct judiciability and autonomy of Article 26 of the American Convention on Human Rights. In this framework, the year 2022 witnessed the most radical change in the entire history of the Court, raising the question of the continuity of the jurisprudential line around ESCER. The purpose of this article is, therefore, to analyze its development from its beginnings to the present and to evaluate the impact of the new composition of the Court.

Resumen El desembarco de los DESCA en la jurisdicción interamericana, generó un gran debate a raíz de las diversas posiciones en relación con la judiciabilidad directa y autonomía del art. 26 de la Convención Americana de Derechos Humanos. En este marco, el año 2022 atestiguó el cambio más radical en toda la historia del Tribunal, planteado el interrogante sobre la continuidad de la línea jurisprudencial en torno a los DESCA. El objetivo del presente artículo es, por tanto, analizar cómo ha su desarrollo desde sus inicios hasta la actualidad y evaluar el impacto que ha tenido la nueva composición de la Corte.

Abstract The article analyzes the role of the state in formulating social conventions about firearms in Brazil. We selected Law 10.826/2003, passed during the first Lula Government (2003-2006), as the empirical dispute, and also we analyzed eight presidential decrees from the first year of the Bolsonaro Government (2019). In the methodology, we analyzed the legal framework based on the studies of Steiner and Trespeuch, about contested markets; Bourdieu, about the state and the concept of social convention, by Mary Douglas. The results indicate that the state has influenced the production of predispositions and that the disarmamentist social convention, produced during the Lula Government, has been challenged, generating disputes that go beyond the normative perspective. Brazil 108262003 10 826 2003 10.826/2003 20032006, 20032006 2006 , (2003-2006) dispute 2019. 2019 . (2019) methodology Trespeuch markets Bourdieu convention Douglas challenged perspective 10826200 1 82 200 10.826/200 2003200 (2003-2006 201 (2019 1082620 8 20 10.826/20 200320 (2003-200 (201 108262 2 10.826/2 20032 (2003-20 (20 10826 10.826/ (2003-2 (2 1082 10.826 (2003- ( 108 10.82 (2003 10.8 (200 10.

Resumo O artigo analisa o papel do Estado na formulação de convenções sociais acerca das armas de fogo no Brasil. Selecionamos, como contencioso empírico, a Lei 10.826/2003, aprovada durante o primeiro Governo Lula (2003-2006), ainda, analisamos oito decretos presidenciais do primeiro ano do Governo Bolsonaro (2019). Na metodologia, analisamos o marco jurídico nos fundamentando nos estudos de Steiner e Trespeuch, acerca dos mercados contestados; de Bourdieu, sobre o Estado e no conceito de convenção social, de Mary Douglas. Os resultados indicam que o Estado influenciou na produção de predisposições e que a convenção social desarmamentista, produzida durante o Governo Lula, foi desafiada, gerando disputas que extrapolam a perspectiva normativa. Brasil Selecionamos empírico 108262003 10 826 2003 10.826/2003 20032006, 20032006 2006 , (2003-2006) ainda 2019. 2019 . (2019) metodologia Trespeuch contestados Bourdieu Douglas desarmamentista desafiada normativa 10826200 1 82 200 10.826/200 2003200 (2003-2006 201 (2019 1082620 8 20 10.826/20 200320 (2003-200 (201 108262 2 10.826/2 20032 (2003-20 (20 10826 10.826/ (2003-2 (2 1082 10.826 (2003- ( 108 10.82 (2003 10.8 (200 10.

Abstract: More and more naturally we recognize children and adolescents (NNA) as social actors capable of managing for themselves, according to their age and level of development, specific aspects of their lives; spaces in which we gradually and correlatively grant them greater scope for personal action. This paradigmatic change in the understanding of children and adolescents has been influenced by the adoption of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) in 1989. It meant moving forward from a until then welfare perspective that observed children and adolescents as subject objects of protection, as passive subjects, to the guardianship of responsible adults (doctrine of guardianship protection), to their consideration as subjects of law, that is, as holders and main agents in the exercise of their rights, with respect to which adults have duties of protection. orientation and guidance (doctrine of comprehensive protection). Reviewing the terms of the Convention and the adjustments made to the national legal framework, this article explores how this new model, based on human rights, is extended and in what terms, to the healthcare space.

Resumen: Cada vez con mayor naturalidad reconocemos a niños, niñas y adolescentes (NNA) como actores sociales capaces de agenciar por sí mismos, según su edad y nivel de desarrollo, aspectos específicos de su vida; espacios en los cuáles correlativamente y de manera gradual vamos otorgándoles mayores márgenes de actuación personal. Este cambio paradigmático en la comprensión de NNA ha estado influenciado por la adopción de la Convención sobre los Derechos del Niño (CDN), en 1989. Ella supuso avanzar desde una mirada hasta entonces asistencialista que observaba a NNA como objetos de protección sometidos, en tanto sujetos pasivos, a la tutela de adultos responsables (doctrina de la protección tutelar), a su consideración como sujetos de derecho, esto es, como titulares y principales agentes en el ejercicio de sus derechos, respecto de los cuales cabe a los adultos deberes de orientación y guía (doctrina de la protección integral). Revisando los términos de la Convención y las adecuaciones experimentadas por el marco jurídico nacional, esta actualidad explora el modo como este nuevo modelo, fundamentado en los derechos humanos, se hace extensible y en qué términos, al espacio sanitario.

Resumen: Cada vez con mayor naturalidad reconocemos a niños, niñas y adolescentes (NNA) como actores sociales capaces de agenciar por sí mismos, según su edad y nivel de desarrollo, aspectos específicos de su vida; espacios en los cuáles correlativamente y de manera gradual vamos otorgándoles mayores márgenes de actuación personal. Este cambio paradigmático en la comprensión de NNA ha estado influenciado por la adopción de la Convención sobre los Derechos del Niño (CDN), en 1989. Ella supuso avanzar desde una mirada hasta entonces asistencialista que observaba a NNA como objetos de protección sometidos, en tanto sujetos pasivos, a la tutela de adultos responsables (doctrina de la protección tutelar), a su consideración como sujetos de derecho, esto es, como titulares y principales agentes en el ejercicio de sus derechos, respecto de los cuales cabe a los adultos deberes de orientación y guía (doctrina de la protección integral). Revisando los términos de la Convención y las adecuaciones experimentadas por el marco jurídico nacional, esta actualidad explora el modo como este nuevo modelo, fundamentado en los derechos humanos, se hace extensible y en qué términos, al espacio sanitario.

Abstract: More and more naturally we recognize children and adolescents (NNA) as social actors capable of managing for themselves, according to their age and level of development, specific aspects of their lives; spaces in which we gradually and correlatively grant them greater scope for personal action. This paradigmatic change in the understanding of children and adolescents has been influenced by the adoption of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) in 1989. It meant moving forward from a until then welfare perspective that observed children and adolescents as subject objects of protection, as passive subjects, to the guardianship of responsible adults (doctrine of guardianship protection), to their consideration as subjects of law, that is, as holders and main agents in the exercise of their rights, with respect to which adults have duties of protection. orientation and guidance (doctrine of comprehensive protection). Reviewing the terms of the Convention and the adjustments made to the national legal framework, this article explores how this new model, based on human rights, is extended and in what terms, to the healthcare space.

Climate change is on its way to significantly impact the world economy and people’s wellbeing. It is one of the most unequal problems faced by humankind, where those who caused the problem (richer people) are much better protected from its impacts, while those at greatest risk are the poor people who contributed least to climate change. Solutions to the problem have been negotiated by countries under the UNFCCC, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, which has proven incapable of addressing the problem at the required speed. Alternative arrangements are discussed where focus should be on a much narrower set of countries responsible for the problem and capable of financing worldwide solutions. peoples s wellbeing humankind richer impacts UNFCCC Change speed solutions

After the failure of the Kyoto Protocol, a new architecture of international climate governance gradually emerged in the Paris Agreement establishing a division of roles for climate governance: states, which are formal members of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), set goals and incentives, while non-party actors’ action conditioned implementation. As the UNFCCC framework remained state-based, less attention has been given to how non-party actors interact with national governments to enable multilevel governance arrangements for implementing climate policies. This work contributes to filling this gap by investigating the unsuccessful Brazilian initiative to implement a monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) system, part of the UNFCCC framework, led by the Federal Climate Articulation Group (NAFC, in Portuguese). The NAFC was a venue for subnational participation within the governance structures of federal climate policy, whereas non-state actors provided technical knowledge. We consider the MRV system to be a public policy instrument and non-party actors to be border agents supporting capacity building through the translation of technical issues into policy options. Based on qualitative analysis of documents and interviews, we found that such influence did not enable capacity building due to the limited decision-making power of federal agents, which led to the non-implementation of an MRV system. Protocol states UNFCCC, , (UNFCCC) incentives nonparty non party implementation statebased, statebased state based, based state-based policies monitoring reporting (MRV NAFC, (NAFC Portuguese. Portuguese . Portuguese) nonstate knowledge options interviews decisionmaking decision making nonimplementation (UNFCCC

In this short review, we address carbamates, a class of chemical compounds derived from carbamic acid, which have garnered attention as both valuable assets and potential hazards across diverse applications. Their stable structure, characterized by the R–O–CONH–R functional group, allows for various substituents, enabling their use in medicine, agriculture, and even as chemical warfare agents. In medicine, carbamates play a significant role as components of numerous medications approved by Food and Drug Administration. The stability and permeability properties of carbamates have led to the enhancement of various pharmacological compounds, aiding drug development. In agriculture, carbamates have been used as pesticides to manage pests and increase crop productivity. Despite their effectiveness, overuse and inadequate regulation have raised concerns about environmental contamination and health risks. In this review, we also seize the opportunity to present information to the readers about the framework of international agreements on toxic compounds, highlighting their potential misuse as chemical warfare agents and how they have been a reason of concern, with their high toxicity across various exposure pathways. The inclusion of certain carbamates in the Chemical Weapons Convention underscores their lethal nature. However, they lack comprehensive research, raising questions about their complete effects and potential countermeasures. review acid applications structure ROCONHR R O CONH group substituents medicine agriculture Administration development productivity effectiveness risks concern pathways nature However research countermeasures

BACKGROUND: The concept of 'learner voice' has received global attention in recent years, frequently credited to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC). The UNCRC recognises that children have (1) the right to express a view and (2) the right to have the view given due weight. However, in many countries, including South Africa, despite legislation that recognises child rights, there is a relative absence of learner voice and participation in school-level decision-making SETTING: The setting of this continuing professional development (CPD) initiative is GADRA Education, a non-governmental organisation (NGO), in Makhanda Eastern Cape METHOD: A consultative participation approach was adopted with Grades 2-4 learners, under the auspices of GADRA Education. Eight child participation consultations were held, followed by a further eight feedback sessions 5 months later. All were audio-recorded RESULTS: The results of the CPD initiative suggest that the model provides a useful framework for increasing child participation in primary schools. However, further deliberation is necessary 'with' learners around choices related to space, audience, and the alternative 'hat' of the facilitating teacher CONCLUSION: Building on our learning, we aim to develop these ideas further through a more sustained research project, involving not only consultative participation but also collaborative participation and child-led participation CONTRIBUTION: Insight into the extent to which the Lundy model of child participation (Lundy 2007) can be used as a framework to guide researchers and practitioners in assisting primary school learners to develop their voice and exert influence in matters concerning them

This article investigates the extent to which the South African Legislature and the international community recognise the right to identity of a child born through embryo donation. A distinction is drawn between embryo donation, gamete donation and surrogacy. Thereafter, the article discusses the multiple aspects which the right to identity comprises, namely: personal, biological, family and siblingship identity. An assessment is made of how these various aspects are impacted by national and cross-border embryo donation arrangements. The Children's Act 38 of 2005, the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, the National Health Act 61 of 2003 and the Regulations Relating to Artificial Fertilisation of Persons, in addition to the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) and the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child (ACRWC) are critically examined to the extent that may be applicable to children born through embryo donation. The article concludes that neither the South African legislative framework, nor the CRC or the ACRWC explicitly upholds the child's right to identity.

BACKGROUND: Climate change and disability are rarely addressed by academic scholars within the spectrum of disabilities and as a single field of study. However, the intersectionality of disability exacerbates the vulnerability of people with disabilities to climate change as climate change frameworks in the Global North and South continue excluding them. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to map the research-based knowledge housed in Scopus on disability and climate change. At the same time, it provides insights into innovative (novelty) ways of thinking and proposes a futuristic research agenda. METHOD: A bibliometric analysis was conducted on Scopus-indexed articles using VOSviewer to map co-occurrences of keywords and co-authorship, and a manual thematic-scoping review augmented the data analysis. RESULTS: The disability and climate change debate as a joint study evolved from concern among health practitioners to human rights and social inclusion. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, there is a skewness towards mental health and medical sociology lens, while other sub-groups of persons with disabilities are yet to be engaged in co-creating disability-inclusive climate change knowledge. CONTRIBUTION: Thematic areas emerged as gaps that future studies embed principles enshrined in the United Nations Convention for the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the Sustainable Development Goals.

Abstract The inhumane treatment of inmates led the United Nations to establish a legal framework for the protection of inmates, aimed at upholding their human rights. This convention emphasises that the period of deprivation of liberty should be used by inmates (a term that includes both genders) in penitentiary centres as spaces demanding interventions aimed at the development of their population. The participatory orchestra was proposed as a socio-educational strategy, through the collective performance of music, methodologically supported by orchestral practice. The research aimed to analyse the intervention of the participatory orchestra as a socio-educational strategy in the prison of Albolote / Spain, activity developed during the months of September and November 2022. The study was field, quantitative and descriptive. An ad hoc questionnaire was elaborated, according to the objective. The population was selected randomly from a voluntary and intentional universe, combining people with and without musical knowledge. Eighteen inmates participated directly and 200 indirectly, aged between 18 and 55. The data analysed showed an 88% impact on their mood, 78% reported increased communication with their peers, 67% reported increased confidence and 67% reported increased achievement. In conclusion, the use of different musical instruments confers on the inmates a role that allows individual and collective recognition that favours conviviality. To listen to the creation, visit the following link https://youtu.be/0P5YRzUEwGs?si=TbZFMce7dqhoHKef

Resumen Los tratos inhumanos propinados a los reclusos condujeron a las Naciones Unidas a establecer un marco legal para la protección de sus derechos humanos. Este convenio enfatiza que el periodo de privación de libertad debe ser aprovechado por los internos (término que incluye a los dos géneros) en los centros penitenciarios como espacios demandantes de intervenciones dirigidas al desarrollo de su población. En tal sentido, la orquesta participativa fue propuesta como una estrategia socioeducativa a través de la ejecución colectiva de la música, apoyada metodológicamente en la práctica orquestal. En concreto, la investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar la intervención de la orquesta participativa como estrategia socioeducativa en la cárcel de Albolote (España) durante los meses de septiembre y noviembre de 2022. El estudio fue de campo, cuantitativo y descriptivo. Se elaboró un cuestionario ad hoc en función del objetivo. La población se seleccionó al azar de un universo voluntario y de forma intencional, y se tomaron en cuenta personas con conocimientos musicales y sin ellos. Participaron de manera directa 18 internos y de manera indirecta 200, cuyas edades oscilaron entre los 18 y 55 años. Los datos analizados mostraron incidencia del 88 % en su estado de ánimo, el 78 % reportó mayor comunicación con sus compañeros, el 67 % experimentó un aumento de confianza y el 67 % se manifestó en torno a los logros alcanzados. En conclusión, el uso de diferentes instrumentos musicales confiere a los internos un rol que permite el reconocimiento individual y colectivo, lo que favorece la convivencia. Para oír la creación visitar el siguiente enlace, https://youtu.be/0P5YRzUEwGs?si=TbZFMce7dqhoHKef

Resumo O tratamento desumano dos prisioneiros levou as Nações Unidas a estabelecer um quadro jurídico para a protecção dos seus direitos humanos. Este acordo enfatiza que o período de privação de liberdade deve ser utilizado pelos reclusos (termo que inclui ambos os géneros) nos centros penitenciários como espaços que exigem intervenções que visem o desenvolvimento da sua população. Nesse sentido, a orquestra participativa foi proposta como estratégia socioeducativa por meio da execução coletiva de música, apoiada metodologicamente na prática orquestral. Especificamente, a pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar a intervenção da orquestra participativa como estratégia socioeducativa na prisão de Albolote (Espanha) durante os meses de setembro e novembro de 2022. O estudo foi de campo, quantitativo e descritivo. Um questionário ad hoc foi desenvolvido com base no objetivo. A população foi selecionada aleatoriamente a partir de um universo voluntário e intencional, e foram consideradas pessoas com e sem conhecimento musical. Participaram diretamente 18 presidiários e 200 indiretamente, cujas idades variaram entre 18 e 55 anos. Os dados analisados mostraram um impacto de 88% no seu humor, 78% relataram maior comunicação com os colegas, 67% experimentaram um aumento na confiança e 67% falaram sobre as conquistas alcançadas. Conclui-se que a utilização de diferentes instrumentos musicais confere aos presidiários um papel que permite o reconhecimento individual e coletivo, o que favorece a convivência. Para ouvir a criação acesse o seguinte link https://youtu.be/0P5YRzUEwGs?si=TbZFMce7dqhoHKef

INTRODUCTION: The World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control has informed countries to ban or regulate electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) because of their health adverse effects. Although e-cigarettes are regulated, their popularity has increased among teens OBJECTIVE: To review published articles on the knowledge and attitude of adolescents regarding e-cigarettes and whether their knowledge and attitude influence their use of e-cigarettes METHODS: Literature published from January 2012-11 March 2022 in the PubMed, Web of Science and PsycINFO databases were systematically reviewed using the SPIDER search strategy. We screened the full texts of 100 qualitative and quantitative studies that met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 68 studies were not eligible for review, leaving 32 articles: 21 quantitative studies and 11 qualitative studies RESULTS: Most adolescents believed that e-cigarettes were less harmful than traditional cigarettes. Adolescents used e-cigarettes out of curiosity and the different flavours. Their source of information came from friends, family and social media. Some adolescents believed that e-cigarettes were perfectly safe, and adolescents were influenced by tobacco companies' marketing campaigns CONCLUSION: Findings indicate that adolescents are aware of e-cigarettes; however, their perceptions of them differ. Some adolescents believe that e-cigarettes are safe, while others believe them to be harmful to health or remain unsure of their effects. Findings also revealed that adolescents' use of e-cigarettes is linked to their perceptions of them

Resumen Los gobiernos municipales de Costa Rica tienen un papel significativo en el Sistema Nacional de Gestión del Riesgo (SNGR) para enfrentar las múltiples amenazas y riesgos que afectan al país desde sus territorios. Los distintos marcos y políticas que trabajan en el enfoque de la Gestión del Riesgo de Desastres (GRD) promueven la realización de análisis de riesgos como proceso que contribuye a su reducción y mitigación, y destacan el enfoque de género como principio o eje para visibilizar la necesidad de realizar revisiones y acciones diferenciadas por género. El presente artículo recoge la investigación realizada que responde a la pregunta “¿Cuáles son los elementos psicosociales que influyen en la puesta en práctica de la transversalización del enfoque de género en los procesos de la GRD de las oficinas municipales?” Esta pregunta se respondió desde la Psicología Social Comunitaria y la Psicología Social Feminista. Se realizó un estudio con enfoque cualitativo y diseño fenomenológico, en el que se aplicaron entrevistas a representantes institucionales en GRD y género. Se identificaron doce elementos psicosociales que influyen en la transversalización del enfoque de género en la GRD municipal, que deben visibilizarse y pueden ser trabajados para abordar los riesgos de dos poblaciones históricamente discriminadas: mujeres y población LGTBIQ+. Trabajar las desigualdades de género como causa subyacente del riesgo es prioritario para la GRD.

Abstract The city governments of Costa Rica have a significant role in the National Risk Management System (SNGR in Spanish) to face the multiple threats and risks that affect the country from their territories. The different frameworks and policies that work with the Disaster Risk Management approach, among which are international (e. g., Sendai Framework for Action), regional (e. g., Central American Policy for Comprehensive Disaster Risk Management), and national instruments (e. g., National Risk Management Policy), promote risk analysis as a process that contributes to their reduction and mitigation, which, together with specific policies focused on gender (e. g., Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women [CEDAW]), highlight the gender approach as a principle or axis, making the need to carry out reviews and actions differentiated by gender visible. The growth of inequalities in events such as disasters emphasizes the fact that there are gender differences in the perception of risks, the levels of vulnerability that exist and the capacities to cope. This article collects the research carried out that answers the question: “What are the psychosocial elements that influence the implementation of mainstreaming the gender approach in DRM processes in municipal offices?” from Community Social Psychology and Feminist Social Psychology. A study with a qualitative approach and phenomenological design was carried out, in which interviews were applied to institutional representatives in DRM and gender. The first seeks to promote processes of social transformation, considering the psychosocial processes that permeate community dynamics, which, in turn, are influenced by specific contexts. As for Feminist Psychology, it promotes the identification of inequalities and the creation of options for change. The relationship between feminist political perspectives and psychological practices and sexual and gender differences were considered as causes of inequalities, generating certain psychosocial analyzes not widely developed so far. A subjective perspective to the lived experience of the people participating in the research was considered in order to emphasize the meanings and knowledge as a process, based on interviews with institutional representatives of municipal offices and national institutions both focused on DRM or gender. Twelve psychosocial elements that influence the mainstreaming of the gender approach in municipal DRM were identified: the need for training and awareness, the requirement of political will, the naturalization of gender roles and stereotypes, the recognition of gender differences, resistance to mainstreaming gender, subjectivity, the presence or absence of inter and intra-institutional articulations, the social participation of women, the recognition of gender violence, the recognition of vulnerable populations, the cultural context and social inequalities. Moreover, gender inequalities are recognized as an element that affects and emphasizes the vulnerabilities of specific populations, such as women of different ages, transgender people, people with disabilities, among others. The research allowed an approach to ten different territorial contexts where DRM is put into practice from an office or as a process, and how the experience of the people who lead them understands the gender approach, contrasting with the institutional perspective applied at the national level. It is concluded that these should be made visible and can be worked on to address the risks of two historically discriminated populations: women and LGTBIQ+ population. Considering gender inequalities as an underlying cause of risk is a priority for Disaster Risk Management.