Resumen Este dossier ofrece un panorama de algunas indagaciones actuales que se están llevando adelante en torno a los cruces entre el arte, en sus múltiples expresiones, y la política, que se suscitaron en la cultura de izquierdas en Argentina, entre 1920 y 1970. El objetivo central radica en relevar y discutir nuevas miradas y perspectivas críticas en torno a problemas, objetos, prácticas estéticas, debates y espacios de sociabilidad relacionados con la compleja vinculación entre arte y política en el país a lo largo del período recortado. Por medio de un eje compartido que recupera el transitado tópico acerca del compromiso de los/las intelectuales —y su contraparte, el de la autonomía de las prácticas artísticas—, que adquirió importantes resonancias en ciertas coyunturas de radicalización política a nivel internacional, los artículos indagan diferentes posicionamientos, actos creativos y modos de intervención a los que apelaron escritores/as, periodistas, músicos/as y artistas visuales ante dichas coyunturas, que eluden cualquier definición rígida o dogmática acerca de lo que debería establecer tal compromiso. En todos los casos, se trata de debates y prácticas en las que está en juego una valoración del arte concebido como instrumento capaz de aportar a una lucha política figurada en términos de una transformación que incluía una batalla cultural.

Abstract This dossier offers an outlook of the latest investigation about the bond between art, in its´ multiple forms, and politics, in the left culture of Argentina in the period 1920‒1970. The main objective is to reveal and discuss new critical perspectives about problems, objects, esthetics practices, debates and sociability places connected with the complex bond between art and politics, in the country during the mentioned period. Through a shared axis that recovers the well known topic of the intelectual commitment and —it´s other side, the autonomy of artistic practices—, that generated important repercussions in some radical political moments at international scale. The articles inquire into different possitions, creative acts and intervention modes in wich writers, journalists, musicians and visual artists stand in those occasion, avoiding any rigid or dogmatic answer to what commitment should be. In all the studies that compose the dossier appers debate and practices that values art, as an instrument capable of contribute to the political fight, figured in terms of a transformation that contained a cultural battle.

Abstract Ectodermal dysplasia (ED) is a genetic disorder affecting anatomical structures with an ectodermal origin. The consequent alveolar bone anomalies and lack of teeth require a multidisciplinary approach to rehabilitate patients function and esthetics. To avoid bone grafting procedures the application of zygomatic implants was suggested for the upper jaw treatment. The advancements in three-dimensional (3D) radiology and the introduction of digital implant planning software could enhance the approach to zygomatic implants in ED patients. The present case report describes the quad zygomatic implant treatment of the edentulous maxilla of an ED patient by means of computer guided implant surgery. The patient reported previous failure of bone grafting procedures in the upper jaw. The implants were immediately loaded with a screw-retained complete-arch resin prosthesis. The patient was followed up for 1 year with no biological nor mechanical complications reported, but a slight bone resorption in the anterior zone was observed. Zygomatic implants could be a potential alternative treatment to bone grafting in upper jaw and the digital implant planning could enhance the surgical procedure.

Resumen La displasia ectodérmica (DE) es una enfermedad genética que afecta las estructuras anatómicas de origen ectodérmico. Las consiguientes anomalías del hueso alveolar y la anodoncia requieren un planteamiento multidisciplinario para rehabilitar la función y la estética de los pacientes. Para evitar procedimientos de injerto óseo se sugirió la aplicación de implantes cigomáticos para el tratamiento del maxilar superior. Los avances en radiología tridimensional (3D) y la introducción de software de planificación de implantes digitales podrían mejorar el enfoque de los implantes cigomáticos en los pacientes con displasia ectodérmica. El presente reporte de caso describe el tratamiento con implantes cigomáticos en el maxilar superior edéntulo de un paciente con displasia ectodérmica mediante cirugía de implantes guiada por ordenador. El paciente refirió fracaso de procedimientos de injerto óseo en el maxilar superior. Los implantes se cargaron inmediatamente con una prótesis de resina de arcada completa. El paciente ha sido incluido en un programa de control postoperatorio por 1 año, sin reportarse complicaciones ni biológicas ni mecánicas, siendo el único problema encontrado una ligera reabsorción ósea en la zona anterior. Los implantes cigomáticos podrían ser un posible tratamiento alternativo al injerto óseo en el maxilar superior y la planificación de implantes digitales podría mejorar el procedimiento quirúrgico.

Aim The main purpose of this study was to conduct a narrative review investigating the possible relationship between permanent maxillary anterior teeth and anthropometric facial parameters in different populations. Methods Searches were performed in the PubMed, BVS (Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde) and SciELO databases to identify relevant scientific articles using the following search terms: “maxillary anterior teeth”, “facial measurements” and “anthropometry”, in such a way that 218 publications were found. After application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 13 publications remained for full-text reading. Results All studies involved male and female samples and it was notorious that male measurements were unanimously higher than those obtained in the opposite sex. The age of the analyzed participants ranged from 17 to 60 years; however, a mean age of 18 to 25 years was the most investigated in literature. In addition, facial measurements including the bizygomatic width, interpupillary distance, intercanthal distance, interalar width and intercommissural width have been proposed to help determine the correct size of anterior teeth. Conclusion It was concluded that despite the limited number of studies, some factors that influence dental and facial dimensions, such as sex and age, can be identified. However, there is no standardization of the facial or dental parameters used in the studies, a fact that makes it difficult to establish a universal ratio for clinical dental practice. populations PubMed Biblioteca Saúde terms teeth, , teeth” anthropometry, anthropometry “anthropometry” 21 found criteria 1 fulltext full text reading 6 however 2 literature addition distance dimensions identified However practice “anthropometry

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the relationship between patients' and dentists’ perceptions of shade selection and its impact on satisfaction with the prosthesis. Material and Methods: A single group pre-post study was conducted at the Prosthodontics department of a teaching hospital in India. One hundred ten participants were selected through a systematic random sampling technique with inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients' attitudes regarding the aesthetics of their maxillary anterior teeth were recorded using a validated questionnaire. Shades for the intended prosthetic crown selected by the dentist and chosen by the patient were recorded separately, and patient satisfaction with the appearance of the final prosthesis was recorded. We used descriptive statistics followed by Pearson’s Chi-square test and a binomial logistic regression model for inferential statistics. Results: 109 participant’s data were available for final analysis. Patients choose lighter shades than the dentist’s selection, which is statistically significant (p=0.000). 73.4% were satisfied with the final prosthesis, and the binomial logistic regression model identified using patient-selected shade for the final prosthesis was significantly associated with patients' satisfaction with the final prosthesis (OR=3.3, p=0.001). Conclusion: The patient's preference should be considered with the dentist's option when selecting a shade to create good esthetics. Objective patients dentists Methods prepost pre post India criteria questionnaire separately Pearsons Pearson s Chisquare Chi square Results 10 participant analysis p=0.000. p0000 p p=0.000 . 0 000 (p=0.000) 734 73 4 73.4 patientselected OR=3.3, OR33 OR 3 (OR=3.3 p=0.001. p0001 p=0.001 001 p=0.001) Conclusion esthetics 1 p000 p=0.00 00 (p=0.000 7 73. OR=3.3 OR3 (OR=3. p00 p=0.0 (p=0.00 OR=3. (OR=3 p0 p=0. (p=0.0 OR=3 (OR= p=0 (p=0. OR= (OR p= (p=0 (p= (p

Abstract This article analyzes the tensions and disputes between the fields of gynecology and esthetic plastic surgery, the specialties which are authorized to perform aesthetic female genital surgeries in Brazil. Documentary materials are used, including scientific articles from the 1990s onward and institutional websites. While gynecologists have remained more cautious, recommending the surgery only for functional reasons, plastic surgeons have been more influential in publicizing these procedures and emphasizing the aesthetic dimension. Beyond professional disputes, we debate whether this phenomenon needs to be understood in light of the growing emphasis on self-improvement via biomedical resources and gender imperatives. Brazil used s websites cautious reasons dimension selfimprovement self improvement imperatives

Resumo Este artigo analisa tensões e disputas entre o campo da ginecologia e da cirurgia plástica estética, especialidades autorizadas a realizar a cirurgia estética genital feminina no Brasil. Utiliza material documental, incluindo artigos científicos desde a década de 1990, e sites institucionais. Enquanto ginecologistas têm se mantido mais cautelosos com a prática, defendendo sua realização apenas quando há indicações funcionais, cirurgiões/ãs plásticos/as têm sido mais influentes na disseminação do procedimento, privilegiando a dimensão estética. Argumenta-se que, para além de disputas entre campos profissionais, esse fenômeno precisa ser entendido à luz da crescente ênfase no aprimoramento de si, via recursos biomédicos, e dos imperativos de gênero. Brasil documental 1990 institucionais prática funcionais cirurgiõesãs cirurgiões ãs plásticosas plásticos as procedimento Argumentase Argumenta que profissionais si biomédicos gênero 199 19 1

■ ABSTRACT Introduction: The aesthetic procedure market is growing exponentially in Brazil. This growth has aroused the interest of several professional categories. The decision to practice in the sector must consider the market opportunities in the location in which you intend to operate. However, the area lacks comparative analyses documenting probable regional differences in the country. The objective of the study is to describe market differences in aesthetic procedures between Brazilian states and regions. An index of potential cosmetic consumption (IPCC) is calculated for such a comparative analysis. Method: Cross-sectional study involving providers of nonsurgical aesthetic procedures in Brazil. Searches on Google Maps® were conducted using key terms, and telephone interviews were conducted to obtain information on professional categories, types of providers, and services offered. Positive predictive values were obtained for all search strategies and used to estimate the total number of providers. Population size and per capita income were considered to calculate the IPCCs for Brazilian states. Results: São Paulo, Minas Gerais, and Rio de Janeiro presented the highest IPCCs, being 524, 210, and 180, respectively. Roraima had an IPCC of 14, the lowest in the country. The Southeast Region presented, on average, the highest IPCC (242) among all Brazilian regions. Conclusion: Considering population size and income, the Southeast Region presents the greatest market opportunities for nonsurgical aesthetic procedures in Brazil. Our findings may be of interest to healthcare professionals and investors who work or intend to work in the sector. Introduction Brazil categories operate However country regions (IPCC analysis Method Crosssectional Cross sectional Maps terms offered Results Paulo Gerais 524 210 180 respectively 14 average 242 (242 Conclusion 52 21 18 1 24 (24 5 2 (2 (

■ RESUMO Introdução: O mercado de procedimento estéticos cresce exponencialmente no Brasil. Tal crescimento tem despertado o interesse de várias categorias profissionais. A decisão de praticar no setor deve considerar as oportunidades de mercado da localidade na qual se pretende atuar. Entretanto, a área carece de análises comparativas documentando prováveis diferenças regionais no país. O objetivo do estudo é descrever as diferenças de mercado em procedimentos estéticos entre os estados e regiões brasileiras. Um índice de potencial consumo de cosmiatria (IPCC) é calculado para tal análise comparativa. Método: Estudo transversal envolvendo prestadores de procedimentos estéticos não cirúrgicos no Brasil. Buscas no Google®-Google Maps® foram conduzidas usando termos-chave e entrevistas telefônicas realizadas para obter informações sobre categorias profissionais, tipo de provedores e serviços oferecidos. Valores preditivos positivos foram obtidos para todas as estratégias de busca e usados para estimar o número total de provedores. O tamanho da população e a renda per capita foram considerados para o cálculo dos IPCCs para os estados brasileiros. Resultados: São Paulo, Minas Gerais e Rio de Janeiro apresentaram os maiores IPCCs, sendo 524, 210 e 180, respectivamente. Roraima teve um IPCC de 14, o mais baixo do país. A Região Sudeste apresentou, em média, o maior IPCC (242) entre todas as regiões brasileiras. Conclusão: Considerando o tamanho da população e a renda, a Região Sudeste apresenta as maiores oportunidades de mercado em procedimentos estéticos não cirúrgicos no Brasil. Nossos achados podem ser de interesse para profissionais de saúde e investidores que atuam ou pretendem atuar no setor. Introdução Brasil Entretanto país brasileiras (IPCC comparativa Método Google®Google GoogleGoogle Google® Google Maps termoschave termos chave oferecidos brasileiros Resultados Paulo 524 21 180 respectivamente 14 apresentou média 242 (242 Conclusão 52 2 18 1 24 (24 5 (2 (

■ ABSTRACT Introduction: Facial aging is a gradual, complex, and multifactorial process. It is the result of changes in the quality, volume, and positioning of tissues. Plastic surgeons have modified their approach to facial rejuvenation surgery, opting for the subaponeurotic plane (SMAS). The objective of this study is to analyze 100 cases of patients operated on using the deep SMAS technique, evaluating its applicability and effectiveness. Method: 100 patients were evaluated, undergoing facial plastic surgery using the deep SMAS technique - “Deep Smas”, and followed up for 6 months. Patient satisfaction, number of complications, number of reoperations, risks, and advantages of the technique were observed. Results: 100 patients were operated on over 3 years. Age ranged from 41 to 79 years, with 95% being female. The complications were 8 cases (8%) of injuries to branches of the facial nerve, of which 4 cases of zygomatic injury, 3 cases of mandibular injury, and 1 case of buccal injury; there was 1 case (1%) of post-auricular keloid; 1 case (1%) of hematoma. Regarding surgical revisions, there were 8 cases (8%) of surgical completion due to patient dissatisfaction. There were 15% of nerve injuries between the 1st and 40th surgery, 5% between the 41st and 80th, and no injuries between the 81st and 100th patient. Conclusion: Deep facial lifting or subSMAS has proven to be effective, providing good aesthetic results. It has a low recurrence rate and low morbidity rate; however, it requires a long learning curve. Introduction gradual complex process quality volume tissues SMAS. . (SMAS) 10 effectiveness Method evaluated Smas, Smas , Smas” months satisfaction reoperations risks observed Results years 7 95 female 8% (8% injury 1% (1% postauricular post auricular keloid hematoma revisions dissatisfaction 15 st th 5 80th Conclusion effective results however curve (SMAS 9 (8 (1 (

■ RESUMO Introdução: O envelhecimento facial é um processo gradual, complexo e multifatorial. É o resultado de mudanças na qualidade, volume e posicionamento dos tecidos. Cirurgiões plásticos têm modificado sua abordagem na cirurgia do rejuvenescimento facial optando pelo plano subaponeurótico (SMAS). O objetivo deste estudo é analisar 100 casos de pacientes operados pela técnica de SMAS profundo, avaliando sua aplicabilidade e eficácia. Método: Foram avaliados 100 pacientes, submetidos a cirurgia plástica facial pela técnica de SMAS profundo - “Deep Smas”, e acompanhados por 6 meses. Observou-se a satisfação dos pacientes, número de complicações, número de reoperações, riscos e vantagens da técnica. Resultados: Foram operados 100 pacientes, num período de 3 anos. A idade variou de 41 a 79 anos, sendo 95% sexo feminino. As complicações foram 8 casos (8%) de lesões de ramos do nervo facial, sendo: 4 casos lesão do zigomático, 3 casos de lesão do mandibular e 1 caso de lesão do bucal; houve 1 caso (1%) de queloide retroauricular; 1 caso (1%) de hematoma. Em relação às revisões cirúrgicas, houve 8 casos (8%) de complementação cirúrgica por insatisfação das pacientes. Houve 15% de lesões nervosas entre a 1ª e a 40ª cirurgia, 5% entre a 41ª e a 80ª, e nenhuma lesão entre o 81º e o 100º paciente. Conclusão: O lifting facial profundo ou subSMAS mostrou ser efetivo, proporcionando bons resultados estéticos. Apresenta baixa taxa de recidiva e baixa taxa de morbidade, porém, necessita de uma longa curva de aprendizagem. Introdução gradual multifatorial qualidade tecidos SMAS. . (SMAS) 10 eficácia Método Deep Smas, Smas , Smas” meses Observouse Observou se reoperações Resultados anos 7 95 feminino 8% (8% zigomático bucal 1% (1% retroauricular hematoma cirúrgicas 15 ª 5 80ª º paciente Conclusão efetivo estéticos morbidade porém aprendizagem (SMAS 9 (8 (1 (

Abstract This study assessed the reliability of a color measurement method using images obtained from a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera and a stereoscopic loupe. Disc-shaped specimens were created using the composite Filtek Z350 XT (shades DA1, DA2, DA3, and DA4) (n = 3). CIELAB color coordinates of the specimens were measured using the spectrophotometer SP60 over white and black backgrounds. Images of the same specimens were taken using a CCD camera attached to a stereoscopic loupe. The color of the image was measured (red–green–blue [RGB]) using an image processing software and converted to CIELAB coordinates. For each color coordinate, data from images were adjusted using linear regressions predicting those values from SP60. The whiteness index for dentistry (WID) and translucency parameter (TP00) of the specimens as well as the color differences (ΔE00) among pairwise shades were calculated. Data were analyzed via repeated-measures analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc test (α = 0.05). Images obtained using the loupe tended to be darker and redder than the actual color. Data adjustment resulted in similar WID, ΔE00, and TP00 values to those observed for the spectrophotometer. Differences were observed only for the WID of shade DA3 and ΔE00 for comparing DA1 and DA3 over the black background. However, these differences were not clinically relevant. The use of adjusted data from images taken using a stereoscopic loupe is considered a feasible method for color measurement. chargecoupled charge coupled (CCD Discshaped Disc shaped Z Z35 DA DA2 DA4 n 3. 3 . 3) SP SP6 backgrounds red–green–blue redgreenblue red green blue RGB [RGB] coordinate (WID TP (TP00 ΔE (ΔE00 calculated repeatedmeasures repeated measures Tukeys Tukey s α 0.05. 005 0.05 0 05 0.05) TP0 ΔE0 background However relevant Z3 [RGB (TP0 (ΔE0 00 0.0 (TP (ΔE 0.

Abstract The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of dissatisfaction with dental appearance among 24-year-old Brazilian adults and the associated factors in life course. A subsample (n = 720) of the 1982 Pelotas Birth Cohort in southern Brazil was investigated at the ages of 15 and 24 years using clinical (caries and periodontal) examinations and interviews. The outcome was dissatisfaction with dental appearance at the age of 24 years. Covariate variables included socioeconomic factors, oral health, and dissatisfaction with general appearance collected during different periods of life. Poisson regression models with robust variance were applied. The prevalence of dissatisfaction with dental appearance was 43.5% (95%CI: 39.8–47.1). Individuals with downward income mobility (PR = 1.22, 95%CI: 1.07–1.79) and those always poor (PR = 1.21, 95%CI: 1.00–1.57) presented a higher prevalence of dissatisfaction with their dental appearance even after oral health variables and dissatisfaction with general appearance were controlled for. Moderate/severe malocclusion at 15 years (PR = 1.34, 95%CI: 1.13–1.59), highest experience of untreated dental caries at 24 years (PR = 1.82, 95%CI: 1.46–2.27), and dental pain experience at 24 years (PR = 1.29, 95%CI: 1.22–1.75) were associated with the outcome. Also, the prevalence of dissatisfaction with dental appearance was 20% higher (PR = 1.20, 95%CI: 1.01–1.43) among those dissatisfied with their general appearance. Our findings demonstrated a high prevalence of dissatisfaction with dental appearance among young adults. Lifetime economic disadvantage and dental problems (malocclusion at 15 years, untreated dental caries at 24 years, and dental pain at 24 years) were associated with dissatisfaction with dental appearance among young adults. 24yearold yearold year old course n 720 198 1 2 periodontal interviews applied 435 43 5 43.5 95%CI 95CI CI 95 (95%CI 39.8–47.1. 398471 39.8–47.1 . 39 8 47 39.8–47.1) PR 122 22 1.22 1.07–1.79 107179 07 79 121 21 1.21 1.00–1.57 100157 00 57 for Moderatesevere Moderate severe 134 34 1.34 1.13–1.59, 113159 1.13–1.59 , 13 59 1.13–1.59) 182 82 1.82 1.46–2.27, 146227 1.46–2.27 46 27 1.46–2.27) 129 29 1.29 1.22–1.75 122175 75 Also 20 120 1.20 1.01–1.43 101143 01 72 19 4 43. 9 39847 39.8–47. 3 12 1.2 1.07–1.7 10717 0 7 1.00–1.5 10015 1.3 11315 1.13–1.5 18 1.8 14622 1.46–2.2 1.22–1.7 12217 1.01–1.4 10114 3984 39.8–47 1. 1.07–1. 1071 1.00–1. 1001 1131 1.13–1. 1462 1.46–2. 1.22–1. 1221 1.01–1. 1011 398 39.8–4 1.07–1 107 1.00–1 100 113 1.13–1 146 1.46–2 1.22–1 1.01–1 101 39.8– 1.07– 10 1.00– 11 1.13– 14 1.46– 1.22– 1.01– 39.8 1.07 1.00 1.13 1.46 1.01 39. 1.0 1.1 1.4

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Results on quality of life after inguinal hernia surgery, such as esthetics, postoperative pain, period of absence from activities, and recurrence are a relevant topic since inguinal hernia affects 27% of men and 3% of women at some point in their lives, and should guide health policies to allocate resources more efficiently. AIMS: To evaluate the quality of life in the late postoperative period of inguinal herniorrhaphy regarding recurrence, pain, esthetics, and restriction in activities, comparing the minimally invasive techniques — the transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) and the conventional Lichtenstein. METHODS: A cross-sectional observational clinical study was conducted with the EuraHS-QoL questionnaire validated and translated into Portuguese, applied to patients after an average of 65 months postoperatively. Forty-five patients were assessed, 28 undergoing Lichtenstein and 17 undergoing TAPP. All were males aged between 18 and 87 years with a primary unilateral inguinal hernia. Recurrent or bilateral hernias, other concomitant abdominal wall hernias, patients who chose not to participate or who were not found, and female patients were excluded from the study. RESULTS: Regarding the domains pain, restriction, and esthetics, there was no difference between the two groups when examining quality of life. Neither group presented recurrence in the studied period. CONCLUSIONS: Both TAPP and Lichtenstein techniques presented similar results concerning quality of life when compared in the long-term. BACKGROUND surgery esthetics pain activities 27 3 lives efficiently AIMS (TAPP METHODS crosssectional cross sectional EuraHSQoL EuraHS QoL Portuguese 6 postoperatively Fortyfive Forty five assessed 2 1 8 hernias found RESULTS CONCLUSIONS longterm. longterm long term. term long-term

RESUMO RACIONAL: Os resultados de qualidade de vida após cirurgia de hérnia inguinal, como estética, dor pós-operatória, período de afastamento das atividades e recorrência é um tema relevante, uma vez que a hérnia inguinal atinge 27% dos homens e 3% das mulheres em algum momento da vida, e deveriam orientar as políticas de saúde para alocar recursos de forma mais eficiente. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a qualidade de vida no pós-operatório tardio de herniorrafia inguinal quanto a recidiva, dor, estética e restrição de atividades, comparando as técnicas minimamente invasivas transabdominal pré-peritoneal (TAPP) e convencional, Lichtenstein. MÉTODOS: Estudo clínico observacional transversal com questionário EuraHS-QoL validado e traduzido para o português, aplicado em pacientes após média de 65 meses de pós-operatório. Foram estudados 45 pacientes, 28 submetidos a Lichtenstein e 17 submetidos a TAPP. Todos eram do sexo masculino, com idade entre 18 e 87 anos, com hérnia inguinal unilateral primária. Hérnias recorrentes ou bilaterais, outras hérnias concomitantes da parede abdominal, pacientes que optaram por não participar ou que não foram encontrados e pacientes do sexo feminino foram excluídos do estudo. RESULTADOS: Em relação aos domínios dor, restrição e cosméticos, não houve diferença entre os dois grupos na avaliação da qualidade de vida. Os dois grupos não apresentaram recidiva no período estudado. CONCLUSÕES: Tanto a técnica TAPP quanto a técnica de Lichtenstein, neste estudo, apresentaram resultados semelhantes, quando comparadas em longo prazo, no que diz respeito à qualidade de vida RACIONAL pósoperatória, pósoperatória pós operatória, operatória pós-operatória relevante 27 3 eficiente OBJETIVOS pósoperatório operatório préperitoneal pré peritoneal (TAPP convencional MÉTODOS EuraHSQoL EuraHS QoL português 6 pósoperatório. operatório. 4 2 1 masculino 8 anos primária bilaterais abdominal estudo RESULTADOS cosméticos estudado CONCLUSÕES semelhantes prazo

Abstract Many technical propositions have been incorporated to the surgical management of hemorrhoidal disease during the recent decades. Besides that, escisional techniques are still considered the best option to control symptoms and reduce recurrence. The present manuscript aims to propose a technical modification of the classical closed hemorrhoidectomy described by Ferguson in America. Our proposition is to perform two sutures to close the wound resulting from hemorrhoidal resection. The first one consists of an anchored continuous suture using a very thin (4–0 or 5–0) monofilamentar thread coming from inside to the outside skin. After tying the stitch, a simple continuous second suture is made over the previous suture only for mucosal approximation, from outside to inside. Finally, the stich that initiated the first suture is tied up to the stich used for the second suture, and the knot remains located above the dentate line, not to disturb the patient. The confection of two layers aims to reinforce the closing of the wound and avoid dehiscence. The idea is that this modification influences postoperative outcomes by reducing symptoms such as wound discharge and pain, and thus improving healing and esthetics. In a next step research, a comparison with the classical technique may bring new insights to this issue. decades recurrence America resection 4–0 40 4 0 (4– 5–0 50 5 skin stitch approximation Finally line patient dehiscence pain esthetics research issue 4– (4 5– (

ABSTRACT Introduction: Patients with Class II, division 1 malocclusion generally seek treatment to improve facial esthetics. Therefore, the orthodontist needs to know the changes in the soft profile produced by functional appliances. Objective: This study evaluated the soft tissue profile changes in patients treated during the peak of the pubertal growth spurt. Methods: Thirty selected patients were randomized into three treatment groups: Twin Block (TB), Herbst with dental anchorage (HDA), and Herbst with skeletal anchorage (HSA). All patients had computed tomographic images: pretreatment (T1) and after 12 months of active treatment (T2). Twenty-four soft tissue cephalometric measures were analyzed. The normality of all data was assessed by the Shapiro-Wilk test. Intragroup comparisons were analyzed using the t-paired test; the inter-group comparisons were determined through ANOVA and the post-hoc Tukey test. Results: At T1, no significant differences were observed between groups. At T2, in the intragroup comparison, facial soft tissue changes were statistically significant in the three groups for the lower lip, sulcus inferioris, facial soft tissue convexity in HDA group and TB group, and H angle in HDA group and HSA group, and soft tissue pogonium in TB group. In the inter-group comparison, no statistically significant differences were observed. Conclusion: It can be concluded that there were significant changes in soft tissue measurements that benefited Class II, division 1 patient’s facial profile treated with the functional appliances Twin Block, Herbst, and Herbst with skeletal anchorage. Nevertheless, no significant differences were detected among the effects obtained by the three treatment protocols. Introduction II esthetics Therefore Objective spurt Methods TB, , (TB) HDA, (HDA) HSA. . (HSA) images T1 T (T1 T2. T2 (T2) Twentyfour Twenty four ShapiroWilk Shapiro Wilk test tpaired t paired intergroup inter posthoc post hoc Results comparison lip inferioris Conclusion patient s Nevertheless protocols (TB (HDA (HSA (T (T2

RESUMO Introdução: Pacientes portadores de má oclusão de Classe II, divisão 1, geralmente buscam tratamento para obter melhora da estética facial. Logo, é essencial que o ortodontista conheça as alterações do perfil mole associadas a uma das principais modalidades de tratamento dessa má oclusão: os aparelhos propulsores mandibulares. Objetivo: O presente estudo avaliou as alterações nos tecidos moles do perfil facial em pacientes tratados durante o pico do surto de crescimento puberal com aparelhos propulsores mandibulares removível, fixo ou fixo associado à ancoragem esquelética. Métodos: Trinta pacientes foram randomizados em três grupos: Twin Block (TB), Herbst com ancoragem dentária (HAD) e Herbst com ancoragem esquelética (HAE). Os pacientes realizaram tomografias computadorizadas pré-tratamento (T1) e após 12 meses de tratamento (T2). Foram analisadas 24 medidas cefalométricas em tecidos moles. A normalidade dos dados foi avaliada pelo teste de Shapiro-Wilk, as comparações intragrupo foram feitas por meio do teste t pareado; as comparações intergrupo, feitas com ANOVA e o teste post-hoc de Tukey. Resultados: Em T1, não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os grupos, confirmando a homogeneidade da amostra. Na comparação intragrupos, foram detectadas alterações estatisticamente significativas nos três grupos, na convexidade facial de tecido mole, sulcus inferioris e pogônio mole; e na comparação intergrupo não foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas. Conclusão: Após o tratamento com os aparelhos ortopédicos, foram detectadas alterações significativas que beneficiaram os tecidos moles da face de pacientes Classe II, divisão 1. Porém, não foram detectadas diferenças significativas nos efeitos obtidos entre os três tipos de aparelhos. Introdução II 1 Logo Objetivo removível Métodos grupos TB, TB , (TB) HAD (HAD HAE. HAE . (HAE) prétratamento pré T1 T (T1 T2. T2 (T2) 2 ShapiroWilk, ShapiroWilk Shapiro Wilk, Wilk Shapiro-Wilk pareado posthoc post hoc Tukey Resultados amostra intragrupos Conclusão ortopédicos Porém (TB (HAE (T (T2

ABSTRACT Introduction: Occlusal features in an ethnic group may be associated with genetic and sociocultural factors that contribute to the morphology of occlusal and facial features in indigenous groups. Objective: To determine the need for orthodontic treatment according to the dental esthetic index and sex in the Kichwa Saraguro ethnic group, Ecuador. Methods: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study that was carried out in 2018 in 465 adolescents aged 12 to 16 years, belonging to the Kichwa Saraguro ethnic group and residing in Loja, Ecuador. Descriptive statistics were used. Absolute frequency and percentage were obtained for qualitative variables, and mean, standard deviation and median for quantitative variables. The Kolmogorov Smirnov test was used to determine the normality of the data, and the Mann-Whitney U test and chi-squared test were used to determine the relationship between sex and the components of the dental esthetic index and the need for orthodontic treatment. A value of α = 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Of the total population, 61.06% were found to have a mild malocclusion with unnecessary treatment. In 18.06% manifest malocclusion with optional treatment was found. Severe malocclusion with desirable treatment was found in 9.89% and very severe malocclusion with mandatory treatment in 10.97%. Significant differences of p = 0.028 were found in visible missing incisors, canines and premolars of the maxilla and mandible. Conclusion: More than half of the participants from the Kichwa Saraguro ethnic group presented mild malocclusion with unnecessary treatment and, according to sex, more than a quarter of the female participants showed manifest malocclusion with optional treatment and severe malocclusion with highly desirable treatment.

RESUMEN Introducción: Los rasgos oclusales en un grupo étnico pueden estar asociados con factores genéticos y socioculturales que contribuyen a la morfología de los rasgos oclusales y faciales en grupos indígenas. Objetivo: Determinar la necesidad de tratamiento ortodóntico según el índice estético dental y el sexo en la etnia Kichwa Saraguro, Ecuador. Métodos : Estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal, realizado en el año 2018 en 465 adolescentes de 12 a 16 años, pertenecientes a la etnia Kichwa Saraguro y residentes en Loja, Ecuador. Se empleó la estadística descriptiva, se obtuvo la frecuencia absoluta y el porcentaje para las variables cualitativas; la media, la desviación estándar y la mediana para variables cuantitativas. Para la determinación de normalidad de los datos se usó la prueba Kolmogorov Smirnov y para la relación del sexo con los componentes del índice estético dental y la necesidad de tratamiento ortodóntico se usó la prueba de U de Mann-Whitney y ji al cuadrado. Un valor de α = 0,05 se consideró como estadísticamente significativo. Resultados: Del total de la población, en el 61,06 % se encontró una maloclusión leve con tratamiento innecesario; en el 18,06 % maloclusión manifiesta con tratamiento optativo, en el 9,89 % maloclusión grave con tratamiento deseable y en el 10,97 % maloclusión muy grave con tratamiento obligatorio. Se encontraron diferencias significativas de p = 0,028 en dientes incisivos, caninos y premolares visibles perdidos del maxilar y la mandíbula. Conclusión: Más de la mitad de los participantes de la etnia Kichwa Saraguro presentaron maloclusión leve con tratamiento innecesario y, de acuerdo con el sexo, más de un cuarto de los participantes femeninos mostraron maloclusión manifiesta con tratamiento optativo y maloclusión grave con tratamiento sumamente deseable.

ABSTRACT Purpose Propose and verify the efficiency of myofunctional intervention program to attenuate facial aging signs and balance the orofacial functions. Methods Thirty women, aged 50 to 60 years, randomly divided into: therapy group (TG) submitted to Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy and electromyographic biofeedback group (EBG), submitted to the same program associated with electromyographic biofeedback for chewing, swallowing, and smiling functions training. Aesthetic and oromyofunctional aspects were assessed from photographs, videos, MBGR Protocol and scales for assessing facial aging signs, described in the literature. 50-minute sessions were held weekly for nine weeks and monthly for six months after washout period. Three assessments, identical to the initial one, were performed in the tenth week, eighth week after washout and conclusion of the research. The participants responded to the Satisfaction Questionnaire on the tenth week. Results The statistical analysis using the ANOVA, Tukey and Mann Whitney tests, for inter and intragroup comparison, showed that: intervention promoted attenuation of facial aging signs mainly in TG group, balance of chewing and swallowing functions in both groups; there was an impact of electromyographic biofeedback on the degree of participants’ satisfaction, greater for EBG; interruption of the program for eight weeks resulted in aesthetic losses, mainly in TG, yet not functional losses, in both groups; the six monthly sessions had a limited impact on overcoming the esthetic losses that occurred after washout. Conclusion The proposed program resulted in attenuation of aging signs, mainly in the TG group and improvement in orofacial functions, in both groups. women 5 6 years into (TG EBG, EBG , (EBG) training photographs videos literature 50minute minute period assessments one research ANOVA tests comparison groups satisfaction (EBG

RESUMO Objetivo Propor e verificar a eficiência de um programa de intervenção miofuncional para atenuar sinais do envelhecimento facial e equilibrar as funções orofaciais. Método 30 mulheres, entre 50 e 60 anos, divididas aleatoriamente em: grupo terapia (GT), submetido ao programa de terapia miofuncional orofacial e grupo biofeedback eletromiográfico (GBE), submetido ao mesmo programa associado ao biofeedback eletromiográfico para treinamento da mastigação, deglutição e sorriso. Aspectos estéticos e oromiofuncionais foram avaliados a partir da documentação das fotografias e vídeos, do Protocolo de avaliação miofuncional orofacial MBGR e escalas de avaliação dos sinais de envelhecimento facial descritas na literatura. Sessões de 50 minutos foram realizadas semanalmente, durante nove semanas e mensalmente, durante seis meses, após washout. Três avaliações, idênticas à inicial, foram realizadas na décima semana, oitava semana após washout e conclusão da pesquisa. As participantes responderam ao Questionário de Satisfação na décima semana. Resultados A análise estatística realizada, por meio dos testes ANOVA, Tukey e Mann Whitney, para comparação inter e intragrupos, demonstrou que: houve atenuação dos sinais do envelhecimento facial, principalmente no GT e equilíbrio das funções mastigação e deglutição nos dois grupos; houve impacto do biofeedback eletromiográfico sobre o grau de satisfação das participantes, sendo maior no GBE; a interrupção do programa durante oito semanas resultou em perdas estéticas, principalmente no GT, mas não em perdas funcionais, nos dois grupos; as seis sessões realizadas mensalmente tiveram impacto limitado para superação das perdas estéticas ocorridas após washout. Conclusão O programa proposto resultou em atenuação dos sinais de envelhecimento, principalmente no grupo GT e melhoria nas funções orofaciais, nos dois grupos. orofaciais 3 mulheres 5 6 anos , (GT) GBE, GBE (GBE) sorriso vídeos literatura semanalmente meses avaliações inicial pesquisa realizada ANOVA Whitney intragrupos que grupos funcionais (GT (GBE

Abstract Resorbed alveolar ridges, particularly in the lower jaw, have a small denture supporting area, which may cause the stress distribution of mastication load to exceed the pressure-pain threshold (PPT) and induce pain in the mucosa or potentially worsen the ridge resorption. Thus, choosing the ideal occlusal scheme among bilateral balanced (BBO), lingualized (LO), and monoplane (MO) for such conditions becomes crucial. The experiment was conducted using the finite element method on a modeling of a resorbed alveolar ridge in the lower jaw with three dentures placed on top, each of which was given different loading points according to the tooth arrangement of BBO, LO, and MO. The axial load was 100 N, and the resultant oblique loads on BBO and LO were 119 N and 106 N, respectively. The von Mises stresses for BBO, LO, and MO were observed in nine denture-supporting areas, and the results showed that the axial load did not produce stresses that exceeded the PPT value (0.64925 MPa) for BBO, LO, and MO with the highest value on area H, 0.43229 MPa, 0.39715 MPa, and 0.31576 MPa, respectively. However, the oblique load direction showed that the BBO had more areas (area E 0.80778 MPa and area H 0.76256 MPa) that exceeded the PPT than LO (area E 0.64394 MPa). The lingualized occlusal scheme is ideal for patients with resorbed alveolar ridge conditions, especially in terms of limiting interferences when the denture is functioning while maintaining comfort but still providing good masticatory performance and satisfactory esthetics. ridges pressurepain pressure (PPT resorption Thus , (BBO) (LO) (MO crucial top 10 11 respectively denturesupporting 0.64925 064925 0 64925 (0.6492 043229 43229 0.4322 039715 39715 0.3971 031576 31576 0.3157 However 080778 80778 0.8077 076256 76256 0.7625 064394 64394 0.6439 MPa. . esthetics (BBO (LO 1 0.6492 06492 6492 (0.649 04322 4322 0.432 03971 3971 0.397 03157 3157 0.315 08077 8077 0.807 07625 7625 0.762 06439 6439 0.643 0.649 0649 649 (0.64 0432 432 0.43 0397 397 0.39 0315 315 0.31 0807 807 0.80 0762 762 0.76 0643 643 0.64 064 64 (0.6 043 43 0.4 039 39 0.3 031 31 080 80 0.8 076 76 0.7 0.6 06 6 (0. 04 4 0. 03 3 08 8 07 7 (0 (

Resumo Os rebordos alveolares reabsorvidos, especialmente na mandíbula inferior, têm uma pequena área de suporte para prótese, o que pode fazer com que a distribuição de estresse da carga mastigatória exceda o limiar de pressão-dor (PPT) e induza dor na mucosa ou piore potencialmente a reabsorção do rebordo. Assim, a escolha do esquema oclusal ideal entre balanceado bilateral (BBO), lingualizado (LO) e monoplano (MO) para essas condições torna-se crucial. O experimento foi conduzido usando o método de elementos finitos em um modelo de um rebordo alveolar reabsorvido na mandíbula inferior com três dentaduras colocadas na parte superior, cada uma das quais recebeu diferentes pontos de carga de acordo com o arranjo dentário de BBO, LO e MO. A carga axial foi de 100 N, e as cargas oblíquas resultantes em BBO e LO foram de 119 N e 106 N, respectivamente. As tensões de von Mises para BBO, LO e MO foram observadas em nove áreas de suporte da dentadura, e os resultados mostraram que a carga axial não produziu tensões que excedessem o valor PPT (0,64925 MPa) para BBO, LO e MO com o valor mais alto na área H, 0,43229 MPa, 0,39715 MPa e 0,31576 MPa, respectivamente. Entretanto, a direção da carga oblíqua mostrou que o BBO tinha mais áreas (área E 0,80778 MPa e área H 0,76256 MPa) que excediam a PPT do que o LO (área E 0,64394 MPa). O esquema oclusal lingualizado é ideal para pacientes com condições de rebordo alveolar reabsorvido, especialmente em termos de limitação de interferências quando a dentadura está funcionando, mantendo o conforto, mas ainda proporcionando um bom desempenho mastigatório e uma estética satisfatória. reabsorvidos prótese pressãodor pressão (PPT Assim , (BBO) (LO (MO tornase torna se crucial superior 10 11 respectivamente 0,64925 064925 0 64925 (0,6492 043229 43229 0,4322 039715 39715 0,3971 031576 31576 0,3157 Entretanto 080778 80778 0,8077 076256 76256 0,7625 064394 64394 0,6439 MPa. . funcionando conforto satisfatória (BBO 1 0,6492 06492 6492 (0,649 04322 4322 0,432 03971 3971 0,397 03157 3157 0,315 08077 8077 0,807 07625 7625 0,762 06439 6439 0,643 0,649 0649 649 (0,64 0432 432 0,43 0397 397 0,39 0315 315 0,31 0807 807 0,80 0762 762 0,76 0643 643 0,64 064 64 (0,6 043 43 0,4 039 39 0,3 031 31 080 80 0,8 076 76 0,7 0,6 06 6 (0, 04 4 0, 03 3 08 8 07 7 (0 (