RESUMEN Introducción: El síndrome de burnout se caracteriza por un estado de agotamiento emocional, físico y mental a causa del estrés crónico que surge de la interacción social y las condiciones de trabajo. Los médicos pueden ser un colectivo afectado, a causa del ambiente psicosocial inadecuado durante su práctica laboral. Objetivo: Conocer la prevalencia del síndrome de burnout y sus características entre los médicos colegiados del Uruguay en 2023. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal de prevalencia con muestreo por conveniencia. Se caracterizó a los individuos desde el punto de vista sociodemográfico, las condiciones laborales y la asociación de éstas con la presencia de síndrome de burnout. La población muestreada consistió en médicos afiliados al Colegio Médico del Uruguay. Se utilizó el Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human Services Survey para la determinación del síndrome y un cuestionario de diseño propio para la recolección de aspectos sociodemográficos y laborales. Resultados: Se obtuvieron 1086 respuestas. La mediana de edad fue de 41 años (rango: 26-73) y el género predominante fue mujer cis (78,8%). La prevalencia de síndrome de burnout fue de 32,1%. Se observó una asociación estadísticamente significativa del síndrome burnout con edades menores, menor antigüedad laboral, estar cursando residencia, mayor cantidad de horas de trabajo semanal, área o sector laboral y la menor realización de actividades recreativas. El 86,9% se percibieron profesionales autoexigentes. Conclusión: Se destaca que 1 de cada 3 médicos presenta síndrome de burnout. Los autores identifican la necesidad de generar espacios de promoción de salud en el trabajo y prevención de los riesgos psicosociales identificados.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Burnout syndrome is characterized by emotional, physical, and mental exhaustion resulting from chronic stress, typically arising from social interactions and working conditions. Physicians represent a potentially affected group due to inadequate psychosocial environments during their professional practice. Objective: To determine the prevalence of burnout syndrome and its characteristics among licensed physicians in Uruguay in 2023. Methodology: A descriptive, cross-sectional prevalence study was conducted using convenience sampling. Participants were characterized by sociodemographic factors, working conditions, and the association of these factors with the presence of burnout syndrome. The sample population consisted of physicians affiliated with the Medical College of Uruguay. The Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human Services Survey was used to assess burnout, while a custom-designed questionnaire collected sociodemographic and work-related information. Results: A total of 1,086 responses were obtained. The median age was 41 years (range: 26-73), and the predominant gender was cisgender women (78.8%). The prevalence of burnout syndrome was 32.1%. A statistically significant association was observed between burnout syndrome and younger age, shorter career duration, being in residency, longer weekly working hours, work area or sector, and reduced engagement in recreational activities. Additionally, 86.9% perceived themselves as self-demanding professionals. Conclusion: One in three physicians presented with burnout syndrome. The authors highlight the need to create health promotion spaces in the workplace and implement preventive measures to address the identified psychosocial risks.

RESUMO Introdução: síndrome de Bornout caracteriza-se por um estado de exaustão emocional, física e mental devido ao estresse crônico decorrente do convívio social e das condições de trabalho. Os médicos podem ser um grupo afetado, devido ao ambiente psicossocial inadequado durante sua prática de trabalho. Objetivo: Conhecer a prevalência da síndrome de burnout e suas características entre médicos registrados no Uruguai em 2023. Metodologia: Foi realizado um estudo transversal descritivo de prevalência com amostragem por conveniência. Os indivíduos foram caracterizados com base em fatores sociodemográficos, condições de trabalho e a associação desses fatores com a presença de síndrome de burnout. A população amostrada consistiu em médicos afiliados ao Colégio Médico do Uruguai. O Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human Services Survey foi utilizado para determinar a síndrome e um questionário autoelaborado para coletar aspectos sociodemográficos e laborais. Resultados: foram obtidas 1.086 respostas. A mediana de idade foi de 41 anos (faixa: 26-73) e o gênero predominante foi mulher cis (78,8%). A prevalência da síndrome de burnout foi de 32,1%. Observou-se associação estatisticamente significativa da síndrome de burnout com idades mais jovens, menor antiguidade no trabalho, estar em residência, maior número de horas de trabalho por semana, área ou setor de trabalho e menor desempenho em atividades recreativas. 86,9% se percebiam como profissionais exigentes. Conclusão: Ressalta-se que 1 em cada 3 médicos apresenta síndrome de burnout. Os autores identificam a necessidade de gerar espaços de promoção da saúde no trabalho e prevenção dos riscos psicossociais identificados.

resumen está disponible en el texto completo

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the correlation between the organizational climate, job satisfaction and burnout in the administrative staff of the Daniel Alcides Carrión National University. Methodology: The research was designed as a quantitative study applied with a correlational approach. A cross-sectional non-experimental design was used, since the measurements of the variables were made at a single time. The study population corresponded to a total of430 employees of the Daniel Alcides Carrión National University, which is why a simple random sampling was applied, with a confidence level of 95 % and a margin of error of 5 %, which allowed to determine a sample of 157 employees. For data collection, the survey technique was applied, therefore, three questionnaires were designed as instruments, one for each variable, with a Likert-type response scale. In the case of the Organizational Climate variable, this was based on three dimensions, namely: a) Recognition, b) Teamwork and c) Innovation, which helped to configure a total of 15 items to be evaluated. For the Job Satisfaction variable, it was based on three dimensions, which were: a) Job satisfaction, b) Satisfaction with remuneration and c) Satisfaction with the physical environment, constituting in turn 15 items to be evaluated, while for the Burnout variable, three dimensions were considered: a) Personal exhaustion, b) Depersonalization and c) Demotivation, for a total of 15 items to be evaluated. The questionnaires were subjected to a validity process according to the opinion of experts, who considered that they were suitable in their construction for application, in addition a pilot test was applied with a sample of 85participants, who were not part of the one included in the study, which allowed to determine that these instruments had an internal consistency of Cronbachs Alpha of0.97, 0.95 and 0.89 for the organizational climate, job satisfaction and burnout variables respectively. The data were systematized in an Excel spreadsheet to perform the descriptive statistical analysis, using measures of central tendency to check the frequency and behavior of the variables. Then, the SPSS version 22 program was used to perform inferential statistical calculations. the distribution of the normality of the data was statistically verified using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, since the number of the sample was greater than fifty. For the determination of the correlation between the variables, the Spearman rank correlation coefficient was used, because the sample presented a non-normal distribution. The significance of the correlation was established by a level of p<0.05 for hypothesis testing. Results: The results showed that between the Organizational climate variable and the Recognition dimension there is an average level of satisfaction (61.14 %), 35.67 % showed a high level of satisfaction and 3.19 % a very high level of satisfaction. Between the Organizational climate and the Teamwork dimension, a result of 2.23 was obtained, which indicates a perception that there is good teamwork. Regarding the Organizational climate and Innovation, it was found that 52.23 % of employees almost alwaysfeel stimulated to innovate, 33.12 % always feel motivated to innovate and 14.6 5 % sometimes feel that motivation. With respect to the variable Job Satisfaction and the dimension satisfaction with work, it was obtained that 60.5 % feel indifferent with respect to job satisfaction and 39.5 % are satisfied. For the Satisfaction with Remuneration dimension, 36.4 % of employees feel indifferent about their remuneration, 39.8 % feel satisfied and 13.1 % feel very satisfied with their remuneration. Regarding the dimension Satisfaction with the physical environment, 38.8 % declared themselves indifferent with respect to this dimension, 23.2 %o feel satisfied and 0.8 % of the samplefeel very satisfied with the physical environment. With respect to the Burnout variable and the Personal exhaustion dimension, 47.13 % of the employees presented a high level of personal burnout, 33.12 % revealed to have an average level of burnout and 19.75% showed a very high level of burnout. As for the aspect of Depersonalization, the results showed that the majority represented by 85.35% has a very high level of depersonalization, only 0.64 % presented a high level of depersonalization and 14.01 % presented an average level of depersonalization. As for the Demotivation dimension, it was obtained that 30.57 % of employees showed an average level of demotivation, while 69.43 % of workers showed a high level. Finally, the results revealed a positive and significant correlation (Spearman's Rho = 0.299) between organizational climate and job satisfaction. Likewise, a weak negative correlation (-0.153) was observed between organizational climate and burnout. In relation to the organizational climate and burnout variables, a weak negative correlation was observed with a coefficient of-0.153. While for the variables job satisfaction and burnout, a correlation coefficient of-0.024 was observed very close to zero. Conclusion: There is a positive and significant correlation between organizational climate and job satisfaction, and a negative and significant correlation between organizational climate and burnout, suggesting that a better organizational climate is associated with higher satisfaction and lower burnout in workers. This relationship highlights the importance of promoting a positive and conducive work environment to improve the job satisfaction of administrative staff. The need to focus on recognition as an essential component to promote greater job satisfaction is highlighted, it is also observed that teamwork and innovation are key aspects that contribute to the favorable organizational climate at the university. These conclusions emphasize the importance of implementing policies and practices that promote recognition, teamwork and the promotion of innovation as strategies to improve job satisfaction and prevent burnout in administrative staff. It is also highlighted that at higher levels of organizational climate, lower levels of administrative staff are observed, which is why it is important to create a healthy work environment and support the emotional well-being of employees to prevent job burnout. Ultimately, the relationship between organizational climate, job satisfaction and burnout are a multidimensional dynamic that requires a holistic approach. By continuing to research and apply effective approaches to improving the work climate, organizations can cultivate an environment where employees feel valued, motivated, and able to contribute meaningfully. Doingso will not only benefit the workers and the organization, but also set a higher standardfor well-being in the overall work environment.

RESUMEN Introducción: el clima educacional (CE) de posgrado en el ambiente hospitalario puede determinar la manera en como los médicos residentes (MR) se adaptan a su nueva etapa, durante el cual el sindrome agotamiento profesional (SAP) es altamente probable de producirse en algún momento. Objetivo: determinar la relación entre el clima educacional y el agotamiento profesional en médicos de los programas de residencias médicas del Hospital Nacional 2023-2024. Metodología: estudio observacional transversal de una muestra por conveniencia de MR de ambos sexos de todas las especialidades médicas del Hospital Nacional entre noviembre 2023 y enero 2024, se excluyeron MR con rotación externa y/o vacaciones. Calculo muestral; 136 MR. Se envío un formulario en línea de Google al correo electrónico del MR solicitando la participación voluntaria. El SAP fue medido con el método estándar Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) con subescalas; agotamiento emocional (AE), despersonalización (DESP), realización personal (RP), existiendo SAP con puntuaciones altas de AE, DESP y bajas de RP. El CE fue valorado con la medida del entorno educativo de posgrado hospitalario (PHEEM) con subescalas; percepción autonomía de roles (PAR), percepción enseñanza (PE), percepción soporte social (PSS), a mayor puntaje mejor CE. Se recopiló variables demográficos, académicos, puntajes del MBI y PHEEM, el SAP fue considerado dependiente, como resultado principal la relación predictiva del PHEEM sobre el SAP. Se compararon datos con χ², prueba t o U de Mann-Whitney, ANOVA y regresión lineal (p-valor significativo =<0,05). Resultados: de 233 participantes, la edad media fue de 28,75 (± 2,20), el 63,94 % (149) mujeres, la prevalencia general del SAP; 70,38 % (164/233), SAP en hombres 75 % (63/84) y mujeres 67,78 % (101/149) p=0,0014, los 2 primeros años con mayor frecuencia de SAP; 65 (85,52 %), 59 (86,76 %) repectivamente p=0,0009, de especialidades quirúrgicas 63 (90 %) p=0,0071. Las subescalas del MBI el AE;79,82 % (186) con un promedio de 35,39 (± 11,61) puntos. El PHEEM de los MR con SAP; 107,9(( 19,6) puntos y sin SAP; 136,3(( 12,1) puntos IC 95 % 18,1-25,0 p= 0,0001. El PHEEM predijo el AE con R2=0,619, PPS; B= -0,18 (±0,009) p=0,001, y la DESP; R2= 0,385, PPS; B= -0,001 (±0,004) p=0,009 siendo PSS predictor significativo con correlación inversa en ambas. Conclusión: existe relación inversa entre el clima educativo y el sindrome de agotamiento profesional en la población estudiada, con alta prevalencia de este en residentes hombres de especialidades quirúrgicas, siendo el soporte social del ambiente educativo hospitalario un predictor significativo para el desarrollo del sindrome de agotamiento profesional.

ABSTRACT Introduction: the postgraduate educational climate (CE) in the hospital environment can determine the way in which resident physicians (MRs) adapt to their new stage, during which professional burnout syndrome (PAS) is highly likely to occur at some point. Objective: to determine the relationship between the educational climate and professional burnout in physicians in the medical residency programs of the National Hospital 2023-2024. Methodology: cross-sectional observational study of a sample of MR convenience of both sexes from all medical specialties of the National Hospital between November 2023 and January 2024, MR with external rotation and/or vacations were excluded. Sample calculation; 136 MR. An online form from Google was sent to the MR email requesting voluntary participation. The SAP was measured with the standard Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) method with subscales; emotional exhaustion (EA), depersonalization (DESP), personal fulfillment (PR), with PAS with high scores of AE, DESP and low RP. The EC was assessed with the measure of the hospital postgraduate educational environment (PHEEM) with subscales; perception of role autonomy (PAR), perception of teaching (PE), perception of social support (PSS), the higher the score, the better the EC. Demographic and academic variables, MBI and PHEEM scores were collected, and the SAP was considered dependent, as the main result was the predictive relationship of the PHEEM on the SAP. Data were compared with χ², t-test or Mann-Whitney U, ANOVA and linear regression (p-significant value =<0.05). Results: of 233 participants, the mean age was 28.75 (±2.20), 63.94 % (149) women, the general prevalence of PAS; 70.38 % (164/233), PAS in men 75 % (63/84) and women 67.78 % (101/149) p=0.0014, the first 2 years with the highest frequency of PAS; 65 (85.52 %), 59 (86.76 %) respectively p=0.0009, 63 (90 %) p=0.0071 surgical specialties. The subscales of the MBI, the AE; 79.82 % (186) with an average of 35.39 (± 11.61) points. The CE of MRs with SAP; 107.9 (19.6) dots and without PAS; 136.3 (12.1) dots 95 % CI 18.1-25.0 p= 0.0001. The PHEEM predicted the AE with R2=0.619, B= -0.18 (±0.009) p=0.001, and the DESP; R2= 0.385, B= -0.001(0.004) p=0.009, PSS being a significant predictor with inverse correlation in both. Conclusion: there is an inverse relationship between the educational climate and burnout syndrome in the population studied, with a high prevalence of burnout in male residents of surgical specialties, with the social support of the hospital educational environment being a significant predictor for the development of burnout syndrome.

Resumen Investigación con el objetivo de identificar y valorar los comportamientos del Síndrome en docentes de Ingeniería Industrial (departamento) de una Institución de Enseñanza Superior. Se identificó el problema de que no existían evaluaciones previas para identificar oportunidades de mejora en la salud mental y el ambiente laboral de la plantilla docente. Se aplicó un cuestionario basado en Maslach, et. al; (1986) y Seisdedos, (1997) que está diseñado con 22 ítems, para la variable síndrome de Burnout, que mide 3 subvariables: agotamiento emocional (9 ítems), despersonalización (5 ítems) y Realización personal (8 ítems), los cuales responden a una escala tipo Likert de seis puntos. El estudio fue cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo transversal (Hernández, et. al; 2010). Para la aplicación a una muestra de n=31 docentes. Se encontró que la subescala con menor valor es: Realización personal (37.35) y los comportamientos con más prioridad a atender son: Me enfrento muy bien con los problemas que me presentan mis alumnos = 4.03 (Maslach, et. al; 1986), Puedo entender con facilidad lo que piensan mis alumnos = 4.23 (Maslach, et. al; 1986) y Me encuentro con mucha vitalidad = 4.55 (Maslach, et. al; 1986). La institución realizará un análisis de los comportamientos y causas para prevenir y una propuesta para la mejora de los índices estudiados.

Abstract Research that goals to recognize and evaluate the behaviors of Syndrome of teachers from the Industrial Engineering department of a Higher Education Institution. The problem was identified that there were no prior evaluations to identify opportunities for improvement in mental health and the work environment of the teaching staff. A questionnaire based on Maslach, et. al; (1986) and Seisdedos, (1997), which is designed with 22 items, for the Burnout syndrome variable, which measures 3 sub variables: emotional exhaustion (9 items), depersonalization (5 items) and personal fulfillment (8 items), which They respond to a six-point Likert-type scale. The study was quantitative of a descriptive cross-sectional type (Hernández, et. al; 2010). For application to a sample of n=31 teachers. It was found that the subscale with the lowest value is: Personal fulfillment (37.35) and the behaviors with the highest priority to address are: I deal very well with the problems that my students present to me = 4.03 (Maslach, et. al; 1986), I can easily understand what my students think = 4.23 (Maslach, et. al; 1986) and I find myself with a lot of vitality = 4.55 (Maslach, et. al; 1986). The institution will carry out an analysis of the behaviors and causes to prevent and a proposal for the improvement of the studied indices.

ABSTRACT This article presents the results of a research conducted in a brazilian public institution, involving professors who work in higher education, in the Business Administration course. The objective was analyzing the reorganization and disorganization of work resulting from compulsory teleworking. To this end, the method is close to the proposal of Concrete Critical Ontology and Epistemology, based on a qualitative, analytical approach, covering the period from 2020 to 2022. Data were collected through consultation of institutional documents and semi-structured interviewes. The study included the participation of nine teachers. Data analysis was conducted based on content analysis. The research reveals changes in teaching work during the pandemic, including technological adaptations, changes in routines, extension of working hours and intensification of work, and lack of institutional support. Contradictions arise between advantages and challenges perceived by teachers. Such elements resulted in accumulated pressures that led to physical and emotional exhaustion for these professionals. It is concluded that teleworking brought both the necessary reorganization for the continuity of teaching and the disorganization by profoundly modifying the traditional dynamics of teaching and learning. institution education course end Epistemology qualitative approach 202 2022 semistructured semi structured interviewes teachers pandemic adaptations routines support professionals learning 20 2

RESUMO O presente artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa conduzida em uma instituição pública brasileira envolvendo docentes que atuam no ensino superior, no curso de Administração de Empresas. O objetivo é analisar a reorganização e a desorganização do trabalho decorrentes do teletrabalho compulsório. Para esse fim, o método aproxima-se da proposta da Ontologia e Epistemologia Crítica do Concreto, a partir de uma abordagem qualitativa, analítica, abrangendo o período de 2020 a 2022. Os dados foram coletados por meio de consulta a documentos institucionais e de entrevistas semiestruturadas. O estudo contou com a participação de nove docentes. A análise dos dados foi conduzida com base na análise de conteúdo. A pesquisa revela mudanças no trabalho docente durante a pandemia, incluindo adaptações tecnológicas; alterações nas rotinas; extensão da jornada e intensificação do trabalho; e falta de suporte institucional. Contradições surgem entre vantagens e desafios percebidos pelos docentes. Tais elementos resultaram em pressões acumuladas que levaram a um desgaste físico e emocional para esses profissionais. Conclui-se que o teletrabalho trouxe tanto a necessária reorganização para a continuidade do ensino quanto a desorganização, ao modificar profundamente as dinâmicas tradicionais de ensino e aprendizagem. superior Empresas compulsório fim aproximase aproxima se Concreto qualitativa analítica 202 2022 semiestruturadas conteúdo pandemia tecnológicas rotinas institucional profissionais Concluise Conclui aprendizagem 20 2

RESUMEN Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación realizada en una institución pública brasileña, con profesores que actúan en la educación superior, en la carrera de Administración de Empresas. El objetivo fue analizar la reorganización y desorganización del trabajo resultante del teletrabajo obligatorio. Para ello, el método se aproxima a la propuesta de Ontología y Epistemología Crítica Concreta, basada en un enfoque analítico cualitativo, que abarca el período de 2020 a 2022. Los datos fueron recolectados mediante consulta de documentos institucionales y entrevistas semiestructuradas. El estudio contó con la participación de nueve docentes. El análisis de datos se llevó a cabo en base al análisis de contenido. La investigación revela cambios en el trabajo docente durante la pandemia, incluyendo adaptaciones tecnológicas, cambios de rutinas, ampliación de jornada e intensificación del trabajo, y falta de apoyo institucional. Surgen contradicciones entre las ventajas y los desafios percibidos por los docentes. Tales elementos resultaron en presiones acumuladas que llevaron al agotamiento físico y emocional de estos profesionales. Se concluye que el teletrabajo trajo tanto la reorganización necesaria para la continuidad de la enseñanza como la desorganización al modificar profundamente las dinámicas tradicionales de enseñanza y aprendizaje. brasileña superior Empresas obligatorio ello Concreta cualitativo 202 2022 semiestructuradas docentes contenido pandemia tecnológicas rutinas institucional profesionales aprendizaje 20 2

RESUMEN Introducción. Se explora la relación entre desasosiego moral entendido como conflicto de valores en la práctica clínica y burnout definido como agotamiento emocional en médicos en formación especializada. Objetivo. Se exploró la relación entre angustia moral y agotamiento emocional. Métodos. Se distribuyó en línea una encuesta que recoge datos personales y de la especialidad con cuestionario de desasosiego moral (DM) y subescala de burnout para trabajo con pacientes del Copenhagen Burnout Inventory. Resultados. Participaron 220 médicos residentes, 67% menores de 35 años, en similar proporción varones y mujeres, 44% casados/convivientes, 33% con hijos, 50% de 1ero-2do año, las 2/3 partes cursan especialidades no quirúrgicas y el 11.4% pediatría. Mayor nivel de DM en los que no tienen hijos y cursan 3ero-4to año y mayor burnout en menores de 35 y sin hijos. La “falta de recursos, equipamiento y camas que compromete la atención del paciente” encabezó la lista de situaciones asociadas a DM. Conclusiones. La media del nivel de DM (116.51) fue más alta y la del burnout 37.10 menor que lo reportado en la literatura revisada. El coeficiente de correlación entre DM y burnout en los participantes fue bajo (406).

ABSTRACT Introduction. The relationship between moral distress understood as a conflict of values in clinical practice and burnout defined as emotional exhaustion in doctors in specialized training was examined. Objective. The relationship between moral distress and burnout in medical residents was explored. Material and methods. A battery of questionnaires comprising sociodemographic and training information with the Moral Distress for Healthcare Professional Spanish version and subscale of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory related with clients was distributed online to medical residents of a Peruvian public university. Results. Participated in the study 220 medical residents, under 35 years old (60%), in similar proportion male and female, married (44%), with children (33%), 2/3 of participants training in nonsurgical specialties, in pediatric (11.4%). Moral distress was higher in participant who do not have children, training in 3er-4th grade; and higher burnout in participant who is under 35 years old and do not have children. Scarce resources, equipment and beds, that compromise the proper attention of patients was the first situation associated to moral distress. Conclusions. The mean of moral distress (116.61) was higher and the mean of burnout was low in our study than those reported in the revised literature. The correlation between moral distress and burnout was low (.406).

RESUMEN El agotamiento psicológico o síndrome de burnout (SBO) es un fenómeno ampliamente conocido, particularmente entre poblaciones jóvenes. Sin embargo, en nuestro país, aún no hay reportes longitudinales acerca de su vigencia en el comportamiento de estudiantes de Medicina Humana. Objetivo: Determinar la incidencia del SBO en estudiantes de Medicina a lo largo de un semestre académico en el año 2023, explorando factores cercanamente vinculados. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional, longitudinal, siguiendo un diseño de panel. Las dimensiones del SBO se midieron con el Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (MBI-SS) en tres períodos distintos del semestre académico, junto con otras variables relacionadas. Se aplicaron pruebas bivariadas de comparación de proporciones en diferentes momentos; los factores asociados a la incidencia se determinaron mediante un modelo de ecuaciones de estimación generalizadas (GEE) de familia binomial. Resultados: La presencia de SBO fue de 5,7 %, 12,5 % y 19,3 % en el primer, segundo y tercer período, respectivamente. La incidencia acumulada de SBO de T1 a T2 fue de 11,4 %, mientras que de T2 a T3 fue de 12,5 %, y para todo el seguimiento fue de 29,6 %. Aumentó la presencia de SBO en quienes nacieron en provincia, convivían con 4 personas a más y no se trasportaban solo a pie. Conclusión: La presencia de SBO aumenta significativamente durante el semestre académico y afecta más a varones. Los factores como actividades académicas incrementan el riesgo de padecer SBO en estudiantes de años superiores y en aquellos sin afiliación religiosa.

ABSTRACT Psychological burnout or Burnout Syndrome (SBO) is a widely studied phenomenon that particularly affects younger populations; however, in our country, there are no longitudinal reports on its presence among medical students. Objective: To determine the incidence of Burnout Syndrome (SBO) in medical students over the course of an academic semester in 2023, and to explore closely associated factors. Materials and methods: An observational, longitudinal study was conducted using a panel design. The dimensions of Burnout Syndrome (SBO) were measured with the Maslach Burnout Inventory - Student Survey (MBI-SS) at three different periods during the academic semester, along with other related variables. Bivariate tests for comparing proportions at different points in time were applied; the determination of factors associated with incidence was carried out using a generalized estimating equations (GEE) model with a binomial family. Results: The presence of SBO was 5.7%, 12.5%, and 19.3% in the first, second, and third periods, respectively. The cumulative incidence of SBO from T1 to T2 was 11.4%, from T2 to T3 was 12.5%, and for the entire follow-up, 29.6%. The presence of SBO increased among those born in provinces, living with four or more people, and not commuting exclusively on foot. Conclusion: The presence of SBO significantly increases throughout the academic semester and affects men more. Factors such as academic activities increase the risk of SBO in upper-year students and among those without religious affiliation.

Resumen Introducción: Los residentes de neurología se ven enfrentados a situaciones ocasionalmente asociadas a agotamiento laboral, cansancio emocional, despersonalización y menor sensación de eficacia en sus funciones académicas y laborales, por lo que objetivo de este artículo fue describir la prevalencia y los factores asociados del síndrome de burnout en residentes de Neurología en Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Mediante una encuesta autoadministrada se obtuvo información de 134 residentes de Neurología de Colombia. Se incluyeron datos correspondientes a variables sociodemográficas y aquellas incluidas en la escala Maslach Burnout Inventory. Resultados: En los residentes evaluados predominó el género femenino (55,2 %), con un promedio de edad de 29,77 años, DE ± 3,172. La mayoría de los residentes pertenecen a programas privados, de los cuales la Universidad Simón Bolívar representa el mayor porcentaje. En líneas generales, los residentes entrevistados tienen bajo cansancio emocional, un nivel intermedio-bajo de despersonalización y un nivel alto de satisfacción personal. Discusión: Al analizar los resultados se determinó que los residentes reportaron niveles importantes de despersonalización y cansancio emocional, lo que puede indicar el inicio de burnout. Esto se asocia quizás al exigente entorno académico y a la carga laboral inapropiada de los residentes. Conclusiones: Se concluye que los residentes tienen un bajo porcentaje burnout y una baja probabilidad de despersonalización.

Abstract Background: Neurology residents are faced with situations occasionally associated with job burnout, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a lower sense of efficacy in their academic and work functions. The purpose of this research has been to describe the prevalence and associated factors of Burnout syndrome in Neurology residents in Colombia. Materials and methods: Through a self-administered survey, information was obtained from 134 neurology residents in Colombia. Data corresponding to sociodemographic variables and those included in the Maslasch Burnout inventory scale were included. Results: Among the residents evaluated, the female gender predominated (55.2%), with an average age of 29.77 years SD ± 3.172. Most of the residents belong to private programs of which the Simón Bolívar University represents the highest percentage. In general terms, the residents interviewed have low emotional exhaustion, an intermediate-low level of depersonalization, and a high level of personal satisfaction. Discussion: When analyzing the results, it was determined that the residents reported significant levels of depersonalization and emotional exhaustion, which may indicate the onset of burnout. This is perhaps associated with the demanding academic environment and inappropriate workload of the residents. Conclusion: It is concluded that residents have a low burnout rate and a low probability of depersonalization.

Resumen El estudio fue propuesto debido a la percepción de la escasez de estudios sobre la correlación entre burnout, afrontamiento y apoyo social. Así, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo verificar la prevalencia de burnout académico y sus posibles correlaciones con estrategias de afrontamiento y apoyo social en estudiantes de cursos de salud. La muestra estuvo constituida por 173 participantes, con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 30 años (M = 23,71; DE = 7,04). Para la recogida de datos se utilizaron: Cuestionario sociodemográfico, Inventario de Burnout de Maslach para estudiantes (MBI-SS), COPE breve (inventario de afrontamiento) y Escala de satisfacción con el apoyo social para estudiantes de enseñanza superior (SSSS). Los resultados revelaron correlaciones entre las dimensiones de agotamiento emocional y cinismo, con la satisfacción de apoyo familiar [F (3. 201752) = 9184,986, p < .001; r2 = .12] y F (3.168) = 8,473, p < .001; r2 = .131]. En cuanto a las correlaciones entre las estrategias de afrontamiento con el resto de las variables del estudio, la muestra utilizó con mayor frecuencia el afrontamiento centrado en la emoción en las estrategias de Autoculpabilización (r = .290, p< .001); Consumo de Sustancias (r = .241, p< .01); Apoyo Instrumental (r = .206, p< .01) y Reinterpretación Positiva (r = .197, p< .01).

Abstract The study was proposed due to the perception of the scarcity of studies on the correlation between burnout, coping and social support. Thus, the present study aimed to verify the prevalence of academic burnout and its correlations with coping strategies and social support in students of health courses. The sample consisted of 173 participants, ages between 18 and 30 years (M = 23.71; SD = 7.04). For data collection we used: Sociodemographic questionnaire, Maslach Burnout Inventory for students (MBI-SS), Brief COPE (coping inventory) and Social Support Satisfaction Scale for higher education students (SSSS). The results revealed correlations between the dimensions of emotional exhaustion and cynicism, with family support satisfaction [F (3. 201752) = 9184.986, p < .001; r2 = .12] and F (3.168) = 8.473, p < .001; r2 = .131]. Referring to the correlations between coping strategies with the other study variables, the sample most frequently used emotion-focused coping in the strategies of Self-blaming (r = .290, p<.001); Substance Use (r = .241, p<.01); Instrumental Support (r = .206, p<.01) and Positive Reinterpretation (r =.197, p<.01).

RESUMEN Introducción: La pandemia por Covid-19 trajo muchos retos en salud mental de los profesionales de salud, y el síndrome de burnout (SB) fue uno de los padecimientos con mayor prevalencia en los trabajadores de la salud. Así mismo, durante este periodo se pudo observar un aumento del consumo de alcohol y/o cannabis para afrontar las dificultades ocasionadas por la pandemia. Objetivo: Conocer la prevalencia del SB y el consumo de alcohol y cannabis y la relación entre el SB y los tipos de consumo de alcohol después del Covid-19 en trabajadores de la salud. Materiales y métodos: El diseño de este estudio fue descriptivo correlacional. La muestra estuvo conformada por 84 trabajadores de salud elegidos por un muestreo por conveniencia. El análisis de los datos se realizó a través de proporciones, intervalos de Confianza del 95 %, Chi2 de Pearson y correlación de Spearman. Resultados: Se encontró que los trabajadores de salud presentaron niveles moderados altos de síndrome de Burnout; el trabajador que laboró en área Covid-19 presentó porcentajes mayores en las categorías del SB; el 31 % presentó un nivel de cansancio emocional alto; el 20.2 % un nivel de despersonalización alto y el 25 % un nivel bajo de realización personal. Respecto al uso de sustancias psicoactivas, tampoco se encontraron diferencias significativas, no obstante que los trabajadores que estuvieron en área Covid-19, el 64.3 % refirieron consumir alcohol y el 33.3 % cannabis. En cuanto al tipo de consumo de alcohol, se encontró que el 36.9 % presentó un consumo sensato, el 26.2 % un consumo dependiente y el 36.9 % un consumo perjudicial. Así también el tipo de consumo de alcohol perjudicial se correlacionó significativamente con el nivel de cansancio emocional (p >.05). Conclusiones: lo cual indica que los trabajadores que tienen un mayor cansancio emocional, también tiene un tipo de consumo de alcohol perjudicial.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The Covid-19 pandemic brought many challenges in the mental health of health professionals where Burnout Syndrome (BS) was one of the most prevalent conditions in health workers. Likewise, during this period, an increase in the consumption of alcohol and/or cannabis could be observed to face the difficulties caused by the pandemic. Objective: To know the prevalence of SB and alcohol and cannabis consumption and the relationship between SB and types of alcohol consumption after COVID-19 in health workers. Materials and methods: The design of the present study was descriptive, correlational. The sample was made up of 84 health workers chosen by convenience sampling. The data analysis was carried out through proportions, 95% Confidence Intervals, Pearson's Chi2 and Spearman classification. Results: It was found that the health workers presented moderately high levels of Burnout Syndrome, the worker who worked in the Covid-19 area, higher percentages were present in the SB categories, 31% presented a high level of emotional exhaustion, 20.2 % a high level of depersonalization and 25 % a low level of personal fulfillment. Regarding the use of psychoactive substances, no significant differences were found either, although of the workers who were in the Covid-19 area, 64.3 % reported consuming alcohol and 33.3 % cannabis. Regarding the type of alcohol consumption, it was found that 36.9 % have sensible consumption, 26. % have dependent consumption and 36.9 % have harmful consumption. Likewise, the type of harmful alcohol consumption was significantly correlated with the level of emotional exhaustion (p > .05). Conclusions: which indicates that workers who have greater emotional exhaustion also have a type of harmful alcohol consumption.

Resumen Introducción: El síndrome de burnout es un fenómeno social y ocupacional reconocido por la OMS, frecuente en el área de la salud. Se caracteriza por baja realización personal, agotamiento emocional y despersonalización, afectando el desempeño profesional y estrategias de afrontamiento. A pesar de la relevancia del tema, es insuficiente la información disponible que permita visualizar la magnitud del problema con cifras reales en Colombia y, en especial, en el área de cardiología. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia del síndrome de burnout y las características sociodemográficas de médicos que realizan especialización en cardiología y cardiólogos en Colombia. Materiales y método: Estudio observacional, analítico, de corte transversal, realizado en Colombia mediante la aplicación de una encuesta virtual autodiligenciada dirigida a médicos que cursan especialización en cardiología y a cardiólogos. La primera parte de la encuesta obtuvo datos sociodemográficos-económicos y la segunda parte aplicó el cuestionario de Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), herramienta validada para evaluar síndrome de burnout. Resultados: En total se realizaron 207 encuestas; 145 médicos contestaron la primera parte, 67.59% eran hombres, la edad media fue 40.8 años, 64% de los cardiólogos y 79% de los estudiantes consideran que no tienen tiempo suficiente para realizar otras actividades diferentes a la medicina (p = 0.18). Al aplicar MBI, las dimensiones más afectadas son agotamiento emocional, baja realización personal y despersonalización. Al comparar cardiólogos y estudiantes, los segundos tienen mayor proporción de compromiso en las tres dimensiones. Teniendo en cuenta las dos dimensiones más afectadas, 61.72% de los cardiólogos y 81.57% de los estudiantes de cardiología tienen alta puntuación de síntomas sugestivos de síndrome de burnout. Conclusión: La prevalencia del síndrome de burnout en estudiantes de cardiología y cardiólogos incluidos en la encuesta descrita, es alta y amerita la realización pronta de estrategias que busquen retirar o mitigar factores que se asocien a mayor riesgo de presentar esta condición, que impacta directamente en el desempeño profesional y la calidad de vida de los médicos.

Abstract Introduction: Burnout syndrome is a social and occupational phenomenon recognized by the WHO, and common in healthcare. It is characterized by low personal accomplishment, emotional exhaustion, and depersonalization, affecting professional performance and coping strategies. Despite the relevance of the topic, there is insufficient available information to visualize the magnitude of the problem with real figures in Colombia, especially in the field of cardiology. Objective: To determine the prevalence of burnout syndrome and the sociodemographic characteristics of cardiology students and cardiologists in Colombia. Materials and method: Cross-sectional analytical observational study conducted in Colombia through the application of a self-completed virtual survey made to cardiology students and cardiologists in Colombia. The first part of the survey collected sociodemographic and economic data; in the second part was applied the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) questionnaire. Results: A total of 207 surveys were conducted, 145 physicians answered the first part, 67.59% were men, the mean age was 40.8 years old, 64% of the cardiologists and 79% of the students consider that they do not have enough time to perform other activities not related to medicine (p = 0.18). When applying MBI, the most affected dimensions in the physicians surveyed are emotional exhaustion followed by low personal accomplishment and finally depersonalization. Comparing cardiologists and cardiology students, students have the highest proportion of compromise in all three dimensions. Taking into account the two most affected dimensions, 61.72% of the cardiologists and 81.57% of the cardiology students have a high score of symptoms suggestive of a diagnosis of burnout syndrome. Conclusion: The prevalence of burnout syndrome in cardiology students and cardiologists included in the described survey is high, this warrants the early implementation of strategies that seek to remove or mitigate factors that are associated with a higher risk of presenting this condition, which directly impacts the professional performance and quality of life of health professionals.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Burnout syndrome arises as a response to chronic emotional and interpersonal stressors at work and is related to negative consequences at a personal and organizational level. Objective: to describe Burnout syndrome in Specialists of the Internal Medicine Service of the “Arnaldo Milián Castro” Provincial University Hospital. Methods: a descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in the period from July 2022 to January 2023; From a population of 26 doctors, 23 were selected by non-probabilistic and intentional sampling, 12 Specialists in Internal Medicine, six in Endocrinology and five in Rheumatology. The Maslach Burnout Inventory Survey was used and prevalences expressed in percentages were calculated. Results: the prevalence of low emotional exhaustion was 43.5%, high in ages between 46 and 65 years (from 66.7 to 100%), in singles (75%) and in Internal Medicine Specialists (58. 3%); low with six and up to 15 years of service (50%). Low depersonalization prevailed in 69.6% doctors; in all age groups, in both sexes, in those who were married, in all specialties and in those who were on duty. Personal fulfillment was high in 56.5% and in those under 55 years of age (from 55 to 75%) and low in others (from 66 to 100%); high in men (66.7%), married (63.2%) and in Specialists in Internal Medicine (58.3%) and in Rheumatology (100%). Conclusions: there is variability in the response of doctors depending on their characteristics and the dimensions of Burnout syndrome; in general, less than half of the professionals had high emotional exhaustion and depersonalization and low personal accomplishment.

RESUMEN Introducción: el síndrome de Burnout surge como respuesta a estresores crónicos emocionales e interpersonales en el trabajo y se relaciona con consecuencias negativas a nivel personal y organizacional. Objetivo: describir el síndrome de Burnout en Especialistas del Servicio de Medicina Interna del Hospital Provincial Universitario “Arnaldo Milián Castro”. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal en el período de julio de 2022 a enero de 2023; de una población de 26 médicos fueron seleccionados, por muestreo no probabilístico e intencional, 23, 12 Especialistas en Medicina Interna, seis en Endocrinología y cinco en Reumatología. Se empleó la Encuesta de Maslach Burnout Inventory y se calcularon las prevalencias expresadas en por cientos. Resultados: la prevalencia del agotamiento emocional bajo fue del 43,5%, alto en edades entre 46 y 65 años (del 66,7 al 100%), en solteros (75%) y en Especialistas en Medicina Interna (58,3%); bajo con seis y hasta 15 años de servicio (50%). Prevaleció la despersonalización baja en 69,6% doctores; en todos los grupos de edades, en los dos sexos, en los casados, en todas las especialidades y en los que realizaban guardia. La realización personal fue alta en 56,5% y en menores de 55 años (del 55 al 75%) y baja en los demás (del 66 al 100%); alta en hombres (66,7%), casados (63,2%) y en Especialistas en Medicina Interna (58,3%) y en Reumatología (100%). Conclusiones: hay variabilidad de respuesta de los médicos en dependencia de sus características y de las dimensiones del síndrome de Burnout, de forma general menos de la mitad de los profesionales tuvieron agotamiento emocional y despersonalización altos y realización personal baja.

RESUMO A síndrome o Burnout é um estado de esgotamento físico e emocional que implica uma perda do interesse no trabalho, atitudes negativas para com os outros, e baixa auto-estima. A habilidades emocionais é definida como capacidade para conhecer e dominar emoções próprias e de outros/as. O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi analisar a relação entre os níveis de habilidades emocionais e síndrome de Burnout em docentes universitários de Educação Física. Foram avaliados 31 docentes universitários de duas universidades de Santiago do Chile. Foi aplicada a Escala de rasgo de meta-conhecimento emocional validada em estudantes de Educação Física do Chile e o inventário de Burnout de Maslach (MBI). Os resultados revelam uma relação baixa e negativa entre as pontuações de despersonalização e reparação emocional na amostra. O sexo do docente, os anos de ensino universitário, ter cargos directivos ou estar em tratamento psicológico ou farmacológico não influem nos níveis de stress laboral e habilidades emocionais. Recomenda-se replicar esta pesquisa com amostras de docentes universitários de escolas de Educação Física em outras universidades, além do controle de outras variáveis como ansiedade, depressão, motivação, etc.

ABSTRACT Burnout syndrome is a state of physical and emotional exhaustion that involves a loss of interest in work, negative attitudes towards others, and low self-esteem. Emotional skills are defined as the ability to recognize and manage one's own emotions and the emotions of others. The aim of the present research was to analyze the relationship between levels of emotional skills and Burnout syndrome in university professors from Physical Education schools. A total of 31 university professors from two universities in Santiago, Chile, were evaluated. The Trait Meta-Mood Scale, validated in Physical Education students in Chile, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) were employed. The results reveal a low and negative relationship between depersonalization and emotional repair scores in the sample. The professor's gender, years of university teaching experience, holding managerial positions, or undergoing psychological or pharmacological treatment do not influence levels of occupational stress and emotional skills. It is recommended to replicate this research with samples of university professors from Physical Education schools in other universities, controlling other variables such as anxiety, depression, motivation, etc.

RESUMEN El síndrome del Burnout es un estado de agotamiento físico y emocional que implica una pérdida del interés en el trabajo, actitudes negativas hacia los demás, y baja autoestima. Las habilidades emocionales se definen como capacidades para conocer y dominar emociones propias y de otros/as. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue analizar la relación entre los niveles de habilidades emocionales y síndrome de Burnout en docentes universitarios de escuelas de Educación Física. Se evaluaron a 31 docentes universitarios de dos universidades de Santiago de Chile. Se aplicó la Escala de rasgo de metaconocimiento emocional validada en estudiantes de Educación Física de Chile y el inventario de Burnout de Maslach (MBI). Los resultados revelan una relación baja y negativa entre los puntajes de despersonalización y reparación emocional en la muestra. El sexo del docente, los años de docencia universitaria, tener cargos directivos o estar en tratamiento psicológico o farmacológico no influyen en los niveles de estrés laboral y habilidades emocionales. Se recomienda replicar esta investigación con muestras de docentes universitarios de escuelas de Educación Física en otras universidades, además del control de otras variables como ansiedad, depresión, motivación, etc.

Resumen La pandemia del COVID-19 ha presentado desafíos sin precedentes para la educación superior y, en consecuencia, para los docentes universitarios, subrayando la imperativa necesidad de abordar el síndrome de burnout en docentes universitarios, así como desarrollar estrategias específicas para enfrentar los desafíos que plantea la pandemia del COVID-19, requiriendo investigaciones empíricas al respecto. El objetivo de la presente investigación es cuantificar el estado de manifestación y prevalencia del síndrome del desgate profesional en docentes de universidades públicas españolas durante la era pospandemia COVID-19. Se desarrolló bajo una metodología cuantitativa, con un diseño no experimental y enfoque descriptivo de corte transversal, aplicándose un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian un alto desgaste profesional docente con un 76%, con un agotamiento emocional alto del 72%, un alto grado de despersonalización del 81%, y un bajo grado de realización personal del 78%.

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has posed unprecedented challenges for higher education and, consequently, for university educators. This situation has underscored the critical need to address the burnout syndrome among university teachers and to develop specific strategies to face the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, requiring empirical researches in this regard. The goal of this research is to quantify the state of manifestation and prevalence of professional burnout syndrome among teachers at Spanish public universities during the post-COVID-19 pandemic era. It was developed under a quantitative methodology, with a non-experimental design and cross-sectional descriptive approach, applying non-probabilistic convenience sampling. The results reveal a high rate of professional burnout among educators with 76%, with a high level of emotional exhaustion of 72%, a high degree of depersonalization of 81%, and a low level of personal accomplishment of 78%.

Resumen Una de las medidas adoptadas por los gobiernos para preservar la salud de las personas durante la pandemia por covid-19 fue la implementación del distanciamiento físico. Esto obligó a las universidades a transitar de las clases presenciales a las clases en línea, lo que generó un panorama incierto para los estudiantes. Por ende, el propósito de esta investigación fue identificar la proporción de estudiantes que experimentaron el síndrome de burnout durante las clases en línea impartidas durante la pandemia. Para ello, el estudio se enfocó en una población de estudiantes universitarios de diversas áreas del conocimiento en una universidad pública ubicada en Tabasco, México. La investigación se llevó a cabo mediante un enfoque cuantitativo y descriptivo, con un diseño no experimental de tipo transversal. Para recopilar datos, se utilizó un cuestionario elaborado en Google Forms, que fue administrado de manera voluntaria a 268 estudiantes. Asimismo, se aplicó un análisis factorial exploratorio para validar el instrumento, y la confiabilidad se evaluó mediante el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach que arrojó un valor de α = 0.950. Los hallazgos indicaron que los porcentajes más altos de burnout se identificaron en las dimensiones de agotamiento y despersonalización. Esto se atribuyó a las dificultades para prestar atención durante las clases en línea, el agotamiento causado por las demandas académicas, el estrés asociado con las tareas, la falta de sueño debido al trabajo escolar y las dificultades en la comunicación con los profesores cuando surgían dudas sobre las clases. En general, los resultados señalaron que más de la mitad de los estudiantes presentaron baja realización personal, agotamiento y despersonalización. Por tanto, se concluye que estos datos representan una alerta en la población estudiada, y subrayan la necesidad de implementar medidas dirigidas a reducir el burnout en los estudiantes. Además, se sugiere realizar investigaciones adicionales al regreso de las clases presenciales para evaluar la presencia del burnout en ese contexto.

Resumo Uma das medidas tomadas pelos governos para preservar a saúde das pessoas durante a pandemia da Covid 19 foi o distanciamento físico. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar a proporção de alunos que apresentaram a síndrome de burnout durante as aulas online ministradas durante a pandemia em uma população de universitários de diversas áreas do conhecimento de uma universidade pública localizada em Tabasco, México. A pesquisa foi quantitativa, descritiva, com delineamento transversal não experimental; Para coleta de dados, foi aplicado um questionário elaborado no Google Forms a 268 alunos que responderam voluntariamente. Para a validade do instrumento foi aplicada a análise fatorial exploratória e para a confiabilidade foi utilizado o coeficiente Alpha de Cronbach, que reportou α = 0,950. Os resultados indicaram que mais da metade dos alunos apresentou baixa realização pessoal, exaustão e despersonalização. Conclui-se que esses dados representam um alerta na população estudada, por isso é necessário realizar ações que visem diminuir o burnout nos alunos e realizar outras investigações sobre o retorno das aulas presenciais para determinar a presença de burnout em este contexto.

Abstract One of the measures taken by governments to preserve people's health during the Covid 19 pandemic was physical distancing. In this context, universities went from face-to-face classes to online classes, which caused an uncertain outlook for students. students. The objective of this research was to identify the proportion of students who presented burnout syndrome during online classes taught during the pandemic in a population of university students from various areas of knowledge at a public university located in Tabasco, Mexico. The research was quantitative, descriptive, with a non-experimental cross-sectional design; For data collection, a questionnaire prepared in Google Forms was applied to 268 students who responded voluntarily. For the validity of the instrument, an exploratory factorial analysis was applied and for reliability the Cronbach's Alpha coefficient was used, which reported α = 0.950. The results indicated that more than half of the students presented low personal fulfillment, exhaustion and depersonalization. It is concluded that these data represent an alert in the population studied, so it is necessary to carry out actions aimed at reducing burnout in students and carry out other investigations on the return of face-to-face classes to determine the presence of burnout in this context.