RESUMO: A estrutura do sistema radicular do cafeeiro Conilon tem sido aprimorada ao longo dos anos por meio de propagação e estudos genéticos e agronômicos em resposta às demandas por melhorias no desenvolvimento vegetal, na produção e na sobrevivência da espécie. Entende-se que a pesquisa científica desempenha um papel importante na geração de tecnologias e também na segurança das aplicações. Porém, há necessidade de refinar o código gerado para descobrir descobertas e tendências sobre o assunto. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão bibliométrica e análise na base de dados Web of Science (WOS) sobre as principais contribuições de estudos, pesquisadores, organizações e países relevantes nas pesquisas acadêmicas sobre o enraizamento de Coffea canephora. Dados da base de dados WOS publicados entre 1982 e 2021 e sistematizados no software VOSviewer, mostraram um conjunto de 92 artigos, em que a maioria teve origem no Brasil e na França, tendo como principais grupos a Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, a Universidade Federal de Viçosa e o CIRAD. O estudo está dividido em quatro áreas: diversidade genética, propagação assexuada, nematologia, tolerância ao estresse hídrico e micropropagação, porém, destaca-se que no contexto das mudanças climáticas e seu impacto na produção e longevidade da cafeicultura brasileira, podemos ver o surgimento de pesquisas focadas no sistema radicular, integrando-o em linhas que exploram e integram temas como risco climático, gestão hídrica, tolerância à seca e irrigação por gotejamento, incluindo reflexões sobre o desempenho da agronomia cafeeira. RESUMO vegetal espécie Entendese Entende se aplicações Porém assunto sentido (WOS pesquisadores canephora 198 202 VOSviewer 9 artigos França Agropecuária CIRAD áreas genética assexuada nematologia micropropagação porém destacase destaca brasileira integrandoo integrando climático hídrica gotejamento cafeeira 19 20 1 2

ABSTRACT: The structure of the root system of the conilon coffee tree has improved over the years through propagation, genetic, and agronomic studies in response to demands for improvements in plant development, production, and survival of the species. Scientific research plays an important role in generating technologies and the security of applications. However, there is a need to refine the content generated to analyze discoveries and trends on the subject. Therefore, the present study conduct a bibliometric review and analysis on the main contributions of relevant studies, researchers, organizations, and countries in academic research on the rooting of Coffea canephora in the Web of Science (WOS) database. Data from the WOS database published between 1982 and 2021 and systematized in the VOSviewer software showed a set of 92 articles, the majority of which originated in Brazil and France, with the main groups being the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, the Federal University of Viçosa, and CIRAD. The study was divided into five areas: genetic diversity, asexual propagation, nematology, tolerance to water stress, and micropropagation. However, in the context of climate changes and its impact on the production and longevity of Brazilian coffee farming, research focused on the root system has increased significantly, integrating it into lines that explore and integrate topics such as climate risk, water management, drought tolerance, and drip irrigation, including reflections on the performance of coffee agronomy. ABSTRACT propagation development species applications However subject Therefore researchers organizations (WOS 198 202 9 articles France Corporation Viçosa CIRAD areas diversity nematology stress micropropagation farming significantly risk management irrigation agronomy 19 20 1 2

ABSTRACT. This paper analyzes the involuntary dissolution remedy devised for Chilean closely held corporations, focusing on a procedural perspective. Although the 1981 Chilean Corporations Act gives some indications, several aspects related to the procedure are indirectly or even not regulated, such as the scope of judicial discretion or the arbitrability of the conflict. In addition to these issues, the object of the process is studied, which defines the nature of the dissolution decree, who are the necessary parties, and how the execution of the judgment and corporate liquidation relate to each other.

RESUMEN. Este trabajo analiza la acción de disolución judicial, prevista para la sociedad anónima cerrada chilena, desde un punto de vista procesal. Aunque la Ley sobre Sociedades Anónimas de 1981 ofrece algunas indicaciones, varios puntos relativos al ejercicio de este remedio no son regulados o lo son de forma indirecta, como el alcance de la discrecionalidad judicial o la arbitrabilidad del conflicto. Además de esos puntos, se estudia el objeto del proceso, que determina el carácter constitutivo de la sentencia estimatoria, a quiénes corresponde la legitimación activa y pasiva, y cómo se relacionan cumplimiento de la sentencia y liquidación societaria.

There is widespread agreement that skills development is a vital dimension of the just energy transition (JET). Skills development for JET is rapidly emerging and involves complex inter-sectoral systems of skills development and new methods for demand analysis. Currently in South Africa, learning pathways into green jobs, enterprise development and more sustainable job options, including those required for JET at entry and technical levels, are unclear, ad hoc and fragmented. At best, we have fragmented offerings of courses and qualifications and few systemic approaches to skills analysis and development. There is also a narrow reliance on supply and demand discourses that are ill-fitting for the type of skills that need to be developed. Drawing on a group of regional and local studies focusing on skills supply and demand for JET, the paper analyses the responsiveness of skills systems, with specific focus on institutions and institutional arrangements that underpin skills planning and anticipation. The paper critiques the metaphor of 'supply' and 'demand', which, it argues, is the wrong lens, as it focuses attention on certain parts of the skills system dislocated from the broader conditions that they are imbedded in. We pose new methodological questions for engaged skills research that can enable a green and just future, and the systemic transformations that are needed to catalyse a low-carbon transition. SIGNIFICANCE: The research findings offer a critical reflection on the current approach to research focused on skills for the just energy transition. The review highlights the limitations of the dominant supply-demand approach of skills analysis, and we argue that it promotes a neoliberal, market-led discourse on skills that privileges industry and excludes the voices of communities and workers.

Resumen Ecuador es un pequeño país andino ubicado en el hemisferio occidental de América del Sur. El país cuenta con 361.747 hm 3 anuales de recursos hídricos superficiales. Como resultado, Ecuador, en los últimos quince años (2005 a 2020), ha estado desarrollando proyectos hidroeléctricos para triplicar la producción en esta fuente renovable. Hubo ocho nuevas centrales hidroeléctricas construidas en Ecuador entre 2007 y 2015, en donde se invirtieron cerca de USD 6 mil millones en los proyectos, lo que incrementó la respuesta energética con renovables; por ejemplo, en 1985 el país produjo 4 TWh, en 2005 registró 7 TWh y hasta 2020, 24 TWh. Según la Corporación de Electricidad del Ecuador en 2020 informó que generó alrededor del 80% de toda la electricidad a través de hidroelectricidad. Así, el artículo tiene como objetivo analizar críticamente el desarrollo de la energía hidroeléctrica en Ecuador en los últimos años y establecer proyecciones energéticas generales al 2030 para ampliar los campos de conocimiento y perspectivas. La metodología del trabajo es cuantitativa, de acuerdo con fuentes editoriales científicas, artículos, documentos de investigación, y recolecta datos de agencias gubernamentales que regulan el desarrollo energético en Ecuador. Se concluye que, mediante un cálculo de proyecciones, Ecuador necesitará para el año 2030 alrededor de 43 TWh, 47 TWh o 52 TWh para abastecer la red energética, según los escenarios propuestos (bajo, medio, alto). Si bien la energía hidroeléctrica será fundamental para contribuir a este requerimiento, el país tiene una barrera porque la energía hidroeléctrica es muy sensible a factores externos de diversa índole, generando un futuro incierto directamente asociado a los efectos climáticos.

Abstract Ecuador is a small Andean country located in the western hemisphere of South America. The country has 361,747hm 3 annual superficial water resources; As a result, Ecuador, in the last fifteen years (2005 to 2020), has been rapidly developing hydropower projects to triple the production in this renewable source. There were eight new hydroelectric plants constructed in Ecuador among 2007 and 2015 invested close to USD 6 billion the projects. Increased the energy response with renewables; for example, in 1985, the country produced 4 TWh, in 2005-registered 7 TWh, and to 2020, 24 TWh. According to the Electricity Corporation of Ecuador in 2020 reported that generated around 80% of all electricity through hydropower; thus, the article aims to critically analyze the development of hydropower in Ecuador in recent years and establish general energy projections to 2030 to expand the fields of knowledge and perspectives. The paper methodology is quantitative, according to scientific editorial sources, articles, investigative documents, and collects data from government agencies that regulate energy development in Ecuador. It is conclusive between a projection’s calculation, Ecuador will need for the year 2030 around 43 TWh, 47 TWh, or 52 TWh to supply the energy grid, according to the scenarios proposed (low, medium, high). Although hydropower will be essential to contribute to this requirement, the country has a barrier because hydropower is very sensitive to external factors of diverse nature, generating an uncertainly future directly associated with climatic effects.

Abstract The article exposes the public policy of closing the border of the Dominican Republic against the Haitian population since 1937, a situation that has been beneficial for global corporations that have increased their profit margins by taking advantage of the context of poverty, violence, and racism experienced by the Haitian population. The case of the textile corporation Compagnie Développement Industriel (CODEVI) is studied, which has placed an industrial site on the Haitian-Dominican border line. Methodologically, an anthropological and geographical study was carried out, consisting of interviews and visits to both workers and company officials, in addition to a documentary review of the economic policy of both countries and the legislation regulating transnational corporations. In this way, the creative political, legal, technical, and territorial devices used to exploit cheap Haitian labor are exposed, evidencing the national and racial segregation imposed by the textile company. It is concluded that this system of labor exploitation generates great economic profits in exchange for a minimal investment that does not contribute significantly to overcome the extreme poverty experienced by workers living in the impoverished Haitian border town of Ouanaminthe.

Resumen En el presente artículo se analiza la política racial de cierre de frontera que desde 1937 se ha instaurado en la zona dominico-haitiana, situación que ha resultado beneficiosa para corporativos globales que han incrementado sus márgenes de ganancia aprovechando el contexto de pobreza, violencia y racismo que vive la población haitiana. Se estudia el caso de la empresa textil Compagnie Développement Industriel (CODEVI), la cual ha desarrollado un sofisticado emplazamiento industrial sobre esta línea fronteriza. Metodológicamente se realiza un trabajo antropológico y geográfico que consistió en entrevistas y visitas tanto a personas trabajadoras como funcionarias de la empresa, además de una revisión documental de la política económica de ambos países y de legislaciones de corporaciones trasnacionales. De este modo, se exponen los ingeniosos dispositivos políticos, legales, técnicos y territoriales utilizados para explotar la mano de obra barata haitiana, evidenciando la segregación nacional y racial que impone la empresa textil. Se concluye que este sistema de explotación laboral obtiene grandes ganancias económicas a cambio de una mínima inversión que no contribuye significativamente a superar la extrema pobreza que viven trabajadores y trabajadoras que residen en la depauperada ciudad fronteriza haitiana de Ouanaminthe.

RESUMO O objetivo do presente estudo é estimar os efeitos da implantação do Programa de Fomento às Empresas Prestadoras de Serviço de Comunicação Multimídia (PSCM) no crescimento das pequenas empresas prestadoras de Serviço de Comunicação Multimídia (SCM) no Estado de Santa Catarina (SC), no período entre janeiro de 2016 e dezembro de 2021, sendo esse programa implementado em janeiro de 2019. Para a estimativa da possível relação causal existente, explorou-se o crescimento das empresas, em número de acessos mensais, com as técnicas de Diferenças em Diferenças (DiD), adotando como contrafactuais as pequenas empresas do setor estabelecidas do Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Ao realizar a conjectura dos escores de propensão e formação de conjuntos de dados, conforme o pareamento e o suporte comum, o estudo é reproduzido em amostras delimitadas pelo número de acessos das empresas, ou seja, busca-se compreender a variação do crescimento das empresas agrupadas em diferentes estratos de tamanho. A análise dos dados indica um possível impacto positivo no valor percentual de 35% no segundo quartil da amostra. De igual maneira, percebe-se uma correlação positiva no terceiro quartil, no valor percentual de 41%. Os resultados permitem sugerir que uma política voltada à progressão do regime de apuração tributária exerce efeito positivo no crescimento das empresas, ao mesmo tempo que procura prevenir o uso de suas táticas de elisão e evasão fiscal. O estudo busca colaborar, desse modo, na proposição de pesquisas que tratam da avaliação de políticas públicas tributárias. PSCM (PSCM SCM (SCM SC, SC , (SC) 201 2021 2019 existente explorouse explorou se mensais DiD, DiD (DiD) RS. RS . (RS) comum seja buscase tamanho 35 amostra maneira percebese percebe 41 41% fiscal colaborar modo tributárias (SC 20 202 (DiD (RS 3 4 2

This study estimates the effects of the Program for Companies Providing Multimedia Communication Services (PSCM), a public promotion program, on the growth of small companies Providing Multimedia Communication (SCM) services in the State of Santa Catarina (SC), between january 2016 and december 2021. The PSCM was implemented on january 2019. In order to estimate the possible causal relationship, the growth (in number of monthly accesses) of the companies is explored using Difference in Differences (DiD) techniques, adopting as a counterfactual the small companies established in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS) that also operates in the telecommunications sector. By estimating the propensity scores and forming data sets according to pairing and common support, the inquiry was reproduced in samples delimited by the number of accesses presented by the companies, seeking to understand the variation in the growth of the companies grouped into different size strata. The results indicates that there is a possible positive impact of 35% in the second quartile of the sample, as well as a positive correlation in the third quartile of 41%. The results allow us to suggest that a policy aimed at the tax regime progressiveness has a positive effect on the growth of companies, while it seeks to prevent the use of tax avoidance and evasion tactics by them. In this way, the study seeks to help in the research agenda of the evaluation of public tax policies. PSCM, , (PSCM) program SCM (SCM SC, SC (SC) 201 2021 2019 relationship DiD (DiD techniques RS (RS sector support strata 35 sample 41 41% them way policies (PSCM (SC 20 202 3 4 2

El estudio estima los efectos de la implementación del Programa de Promoción de Empresas Prestadoras de Servicios de Comunicación Multimedia (PSCM), un programa de promoción fiscal, sobre el crecimiento de las pequeñas empresas que proveen Servicios de Comunicación Multimedia (SCM) en el Estado de Santa Catarina (SC), del enero 2016 al diciembre 2021. El PSCM fue implementado en SC e1 enero 2019. Para estimar la posible relación causal, se explora el crecimiento (en número de accesos mensales) de las empresas utilizando técnicas de Diferencia en Diferencias (DiD), adoptando como contrafactual las pequeñas empresas del sector establecidas en Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Al conjeturar el puntaje de propensión y formar conjuntos de datos de acuerdo con el emparejamiento y el soporte común, el estudio se reproduce en muestras delimitadas por el número de accesos de las empresas, es decir, buscando comprender la variación en el crecimiento de las empresas agrupadas en diferentes estratos de tamaño. El análisis de los datos indica que existe un posible impacto positivo del 35% en el segundo cuartil de la muestra, así como una correlación positiva en el tercero cuartil del 41%. Los resultados permiten sugerir que una política orientada a la progresividad del régimen tributario tiene un efecto positivo en el crecimiento de las empresas, al tiempo que busca prevenir el uso de tácticas de elusión y evasión fiscal. El estudio busca colaborar en la propuesta de pesquisas que tratan de la evaluación de políticas públicas tributarias. PSCM, , (PSCM) fiscal SCM (SCM SC, (SC) 201 2021 e 2019 causal mensales DiD, DiD (DiD) RS. RS . (RS) común decir tamaño 35 muestra 41 41% tributarias (PSCM (SC 20 202 (DiD (RS 3 4 2

Abstract Medical corporations have secured their authority for professional self-regulation from the State and have responded throughout history by way of their scientifically grounded statements which confer rationality to State interventions in the field of health. During the pandemic in Brazil, there was a solid right-wing association between state governance and medical governance that supported a policy to address the pandemic based on scientific denialism, off-label use of ineffective drugs, and the disregard of certain preventive measures, which together were responsible for most of the more than 700,000 deaths that occurred in the country. This article examines the phenomenon of the interaction of these two forms of governance in a context of authoritarian neoliberalism and thus seeks to reflect on the necessary limits to medical autonomy at all its levels.

Resumo A corporação médica tem sua autoridade para a autorregulação profissional subscrita pelo Estado e vem contribuindo ao longo da história por meio de seus enunciados cientificamente fundamentados que conferem racionalidade às intervenções do Estado no campo da saúde. No Brasil, durante a pandemia de COVID-19, houve uma sólida associação de extrema direita entre a governança estatal e a governança médica que deu suporte a uma política de enfrentamento da pandemia baseada em negacionismo científico, uso off-label de medicamentos ineficazes e desqualificação de medidas preventivas, tendo esta sido responsável por grande parte das mais de 700 mil mortes ocorridas no país. O presente artigo examina o fenômeno da interação dessas duas formas de governança no contexto de um neoliberalismo autoritário protofascista e busca refletir sobre os necessários limites à autonomia médica em todos os seus níveis.

Résumé La corporation médicale a son autorité d’autorégulation professionnelle souscrite par l’État et a contribué tout au long de l’histoire, par ses déclarations scientifiquement fondées, à donner une rationalité aux interventions de l’État dans le domaine de la santé. Au Brésil, pendant la pandémie de COVID-19, une solide association d’extrême droite entre la gouvernance de l’État et la gouvernance médicale a existé, qui soutenait une politique de lutte contre la pandémie basée sur le déni scientifique, l’utilisation hors AMM (autorisation de mise sur le marché) de médicaments inefficaces et la disqualification de mesures préventives, qui a été responsable d’une grande partie des plus de 700 mille décès survenus dans le pays. Cet article examine le phénomène de l’interaction de ces deux formes de gouvernance dans le contexte d’un néolibéralisme autoritaire proto-fasciste et cherche à réfléchir sur les limites nécessaires à l’autonomie médicale à tous ses niveaux.

RESUMO Introdução: na Colômbia foram desenvolvidos vários estudos e planos para determinar o impacto que a atividade física traz na vida diária. É importante reconhecer como o estilo de vida de uma pessoa ao ingressar na universidade sofre algumas mudanças, onde estas se refletem nos hábitos que a pessoa possui e também na saúde psicológica e física. Objetivo: identificar o nível atual de atividade física de estudantes universitários. Materiais e métodos: participaram dez estudantes universitários, a abordagem da pesquisa é o método empírico-analítico, não experimental, onde foi utilizado o Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ) em seu formato curto e a análise Mets como desenvolvimento da técnica. Resultados: constatou-se que mais de 70 % dos alunos do curso de graduação em Educação Física da Corporação Universitária do Minuto de Dios "UNIMINUTO" apresentam nível moderado de atividade física. Conclusões: a atividade física auxilia na saúde tanto mental quanto física, previne doenças não transmissíveis, melhora o desempenho acadêmico e profissional, aumenta até certo ponto o convívio social, são muitos os benefícios que o exercício físico traz.

RESUMEN Introducción: en Colombia, se han desarrollado varios estudios como también planes para poder determinar la incidencia que trae la actividad física en el diario vivir. Es importante reconocer cómo el estilo de vida de una persona al momento de ingresar a la universidad obtiene algunos cambios, donde estos se ven reflejados en los hábitos que tiene la persona y también en la salud psicológica y física. Objetivo: identificar el nivel actual de actividad física de los estudiantes universitarios. Materiales y métodos: participaron diez estudiantes universitarios, el enfoque de la investigación es empírico analítico, de método no experimental, donde se utilizó el cuestionario internacional de Actividad Física (IPAQ) en su formato corto y como desarrollo de la técnica se utilizó análisis Mets. Resultados: se determinó que más del 70 % de los estudiantes de licenciatura en Educación Física de la Corporación Universitaria del Minuto de Dios "UNIMINUTO" tienen un nivel moderado de actividad física. Conclusiones: la actividad física ayuda a la salud tanto mental como físicamente, previene enfermedades no transmisibles, mejora el rendimiento académico como laboral, incrementa en alguna medida la interacción social, son muchos los beneficios que trae consigo el ejercicio físico.

ABSTRACT Introduction: In Colombia, several different studies have been done to determine the effect of physical activity on everyday life. A person's lifestyle upon entry to the university changes affects the habits, and physical and psychological health of a person. Aim: To identify the current level of physical activity in university students. Materials and methods: Ten university students took part in the study, under an empirical and analytical approach based on a non-experimental method. The study conducted a short international questionnaire Physical Activity (IPAQ), and the Mets analysis technique. Results: More than 70 % of the students in the Physical Education bachelor's degree at the Minuto de Dios University Corporation UNIMINUTO had a moderate level of physical activity. Conclusions: Physical activity favors mental and physical health, prevents non-communicable diseases, enhances academic achievements and work performance, and increases social interaction, among others.

This policy brief document utilised an original published study from three academic hospitals in South Africa (SA) and all relevant published literature to develop recommendations on several strategies, summarised by the acronym 'PRACTICE', to optimise antimicrobial prescribing practices. These include implementing standardised policies for empirical antimicrobial use, routine review of antimicrobial therapy, age-specific antimicrobial stewardship programmes and continued collaborative efforts and research. Individualised treatment plans, improved infection prevention and control measures, ongoing surveillance and exploring electronic technology for antimicrobial stewardship are also crucial in combating the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance and improving patient outcomes in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) such as SA.

INTRODUCTION: The use of glass ionomer cements (GIC) as a restorative material was limited to areas of low masticatory forces due to their low mechanical properties which were also affected by the powder/liquid mixing ratio of this material. Bond strength is important for the clinical success of adhesive material. The shear bond strength (SBS) is the maximum force that an adhesive joint can tolerate before fracture which is tested by SBS tests. The high bond strength helps the adhesive to resist stresses caused by resin contraction and forces for a longer time and thus prevents the problems of bond failure such as recurrent caries, tooth sensitivity and restoration failure. GIC as a restorative material has the capacity to release fluoride and shows good bonding ability. The use of GIC in anterior applications appears to be satisfactory, but they have limitations for use in permanent posterior teeth, particularly with regard to large restorations. Zirconia-reinforced GI (Zirconomer, Shofu Inc, Japan) is a new class of restorative material containing reinforced glass ionomer with special zirconia fillers that promises the strength and durability of amalgam with the protective benefits of glass ionomer while eliminating the hazards of mercury. Amalgomer CR (Advanced Health Care, Tonbridge, Kent, UK), a novel ceramic-reinforced GIC, was introduced, which combines the benefits of GIC with the high strength of ceramics. In the present study, shear bond strength to the dentin with Zirconomer, Amalgomer CR and Fuji type IX GIC (GC Tokyo) are compared. AIM: To evaluate the shear bond strength of three different aesthetic materials to dentin. METHODOLOGY: Thirty extracted human molar teeth were taken, cleaned, stored and the occlusal surfaces of the teeth were flattened with a straight fissured bur at a depth of three millimetres until dentin was exposed. Acrylic blocks were prepared by cold cure acrylic resin and the samples were embedded into the blocks and conditioning of dentin was done using dentin conditioner (GC Corporation Tokyo, Japan). Out of 30 dentin-exposed samples, 10 samples were restored with Zirconomer, the other 10 with Amalgomer CR and the remaining 10 with GIC respectively. All the specimens were transferred to the universal testing machine individually and subjected to shear bond strength analysis. RESULT: Statistical analysis was done for all three groups by using descriptive statistics that include one-way ANOVA and Tukey's multiple post hoc procedures for intergroup comparison. CONCLUSION: Zirconomer showed better shear bond strength than Amalgomer CR and GIC

RESUMO Uma alta prevalência de periodontite apical pós-tratamento associada a variáveis como qualidade do tratamento endodôntico e fracasso do tratamento é relatada na literatura. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a qualidade do tratamento endodôntico e a frequência e fracasso do tratamento associados a dentes com periodontite apical (PA) por meio de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC) em uma subpopulação colombiana. Material e Método Este foi um estudo transversal que avaliou 318 tomografias computadorizadas de dentes tratados endodonticamente de indivíduos colombianos. Os exames foram realizados utilizando o tomógrafo J Morita X550, com tamanho de voxel de 0,125 a 0,20 mm. Todos os dentes tratados endodonticamente foram avaliados quanto à qualidade do tratamento, presença de canais não localizados e AP. Todas as amostras foram avaliadas por dois especialistas em endodontia e um especialista em radiologia. Foram calculados o teste qui-quadrado ou de Fisher e a razão de chances para identificar associação e relação de risco entre a presença de PA e as variáveis do estudo. Resultados Foram encontrados canais não localizados em 18,61% (86/462) e 95,3% estavam associados à PA. A frequência de AP foi de 62,34% (288/462) para todos os dentes avaliados. AP foi encontrada em 27,43% (79/288) dos dentes com tratamento endodôntico adequado, em contraste com 72,57% (209/288) dos dentes com tratamento inadequado (P<0,01). A frequência de canais não localizados foi maior nos molares superiores, com 55,23% (58/105), sendo que 96,55% apresentavam PA. O canal mésio-palatino (MB2) apresentou maior frequência de canal não localizado (88,52% - 54/61), com PA em 90,74% (49/54) dos casos. Conclusão Houve alta frequência de dentes com canais não localizados e com PA. Mais da metade dos dentes com canais não localizados eram molares superiores, sendo o MB2 é o canal com a maior frequência, comumente apresentando periodontite apical.

ABSTRACT A high prevalence of post-treatment apical periodontitis associated to variables such as endodontic treatment quality and missed canals has been reported. Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of endodontic treatment and the frequency of missed canals associated with teeth with apical periodontitis (AP) through CBCT in a Colombian sub-population. Material and Method This was a crosssectional study assessing 318 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of endodontically treated teeth from Colombian individuals. The scans were taken using J Morita X550 (J Morita Corporation, Osaka, Japan), with voxel size 0.125 to 0.20 mm. All endodontically treated teeth were assessed for quality of treatment, presence of missed canals and AP. All samples were analyzed by two endodontics specialists and an radiology specialist. Chi-square or Fisher’s test and odds ratio were calculated to identify the association and risk relationship between the presence of AP and the study variables. Results Missed canals were found in 18.61% (86/462), and 95.3% were associated with AP. The frequency of AP was 62.34% (288/462) for all the evaluated teeth. AP was found in 27.43 % (79/288) of the teeth with adequate endodontic treatment, in contrast to 72.57% (209/288) of the teeth with inadequate treatment (P<0.01). The frequency of missed canals was highest in maxillary molars, with 55.23% (58/105), with 96.55% presenting AP. The second mesiobuccal canal was the most frequently missed canal, 88.52% (54/61), with AP in 90.74% (49/54) of the cases. Conclusion There was a high frequency of teeth with missed canals and PA. More than half of the teeth with missed canals were maxillary molars, with MB2 being the most common canal, commonly presenting apical periodontitis.

ABSTRACT. Although acerola (Malpighia emarginata DC.) is a tropical fruit of high interest due to its high ascorbic acid content and attractive sensory attributes, fruit production is characterized by high genetic variability. Additionally, the use of new biometric tools for acerola breeding is scarce. This study aimed to estimate genetic parameters and the coefficient of repeatability, as well as determine the optimal number of fruits for quality trait analyses in different acerola genotypes, using different approaches. Twenty-three (Experiment I) and thirty-five (Experiment II) genotypes were evaluated in a randomized block design with four replicates and three plants per plot. Twenty fruits per plant were harvested and evaluated for the following quality traits: diameter, mass, skin color (lightness, chroma and hue), firmness, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), SS/TA ratio, and ascorbic acid content. The genetic parameters and the coefficient of repeatability were estimated for each experiment using classical and Bayesian methods. Both approaches achieved similar results on estimating variance components, genetic parameters and the coefficient of repeatability. Genetic parameters showed favorable conditions for acerola selection. The coefficient of repeatability was high for all acerola quality traits. A total of 17 fruits are required for the effective selection of acerola genotypes with an accuracy of 95%. ABSTRACT Malpighia DC. DC attributes variability Additionally scarce Twentythree Experiment I thirtyfive thirty five II plot traits diameter mass lightness, lightness (lightness hue, hue , hue) firmness SS, SS (SS) TA, TA (TA) SSTA ratio methods components 1 95 95% (SS (TA 9

ABSTRACT Immature cowpea grains are a rich source of proteins, minerals, dietary fiber, and phenolic compounds and also have a high antioxidant capacity compared to dry grains. Its consumption promotes a healthy and diversified diet. The objective of this work was to evaluate the cooking time and chemical and mineral composition of the raw and cooked immature grains of different cowpea genotypes. Four genotypes, two elite lines (MNC00-595F-27 and MNC05-847B-123) and two commercial cultivars (BRSTumucumaque and Vagem Roxa-THE) were analyzed. Cooking time was evaluated using the Mattson cooker. Proximate composition and minerals were determined. A completely randomized design with three replications in factorial scheme 1 (genotype) × 2 (raw and cooked grains) was adopted, except for cooking quality. The genotypes MNC05-847B-123 and BRS-Tumucumaque differed from the other genotypes, presenting faster cooking of the immature grain. Cooking increased the moisture content and reduced ash, lipid, protein, and carbohydrates contents and total energy value. The lines MNC05-847B-123 and MNC00-595F-27 showed higher contents of the nutrients of the centesimal composition after cooking than the local cultivar Vagem Roxa-THE, except for the moisture content. The mineral content decreased after cooking, with Fe, Zn, and Mn contents having the least losses with thermal processing. The lines MNC05-847B-123 and MNC00-595F-27, even with losses after the thermal processing of the immature grain, have nutritional potential as cultivars for the green-bean market. proteins fiber diet MNC00595F27 MNCF MNC00 595F 27 MNC F (MNC00-595F-2 MNC05847B123 MNCB MNC05 847B 123 B BRSTumucumaque RoxaTHE Roxa THE Roxa-THE analyzed cooker determined genotype (genotype adopted quality MNC05-847B-12 BRS Tumucumaque grain ash lipid protein value MNC00-595F-2 RoxaTHE, THE, Fe Zn MNC00595F27, 27, greenbean green bean market MNC00595F2 MNC0 (MNC00-595F- MNC05847B12 12 MNC05-847B-1 MNC00-595F- MNC00595F (MNC00-595F MNC05847B1 MNC05-847B- MNC00-595F MNC05847B MNC05-847B

RESUMO Os grãos imaturos de feijão-caupi são uma rica fonte de proteínas, minerais, fibra alimentar e compostos fenólicos e também possuem alta capacidade antioxidante em comparação aos grãos secos. O seu consumo promove uma alimentação saudável e diversificada. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o tempo de cozimento e a composição química e mineral de grãos imaturos crus e cozidos de diferentes genótipos de feijão-caupi. Foram analisados quatro genótipos, duas linhagens elite (MNC00-595F-27 e MNC05847B-123) e duas cultivares comerciais (BRS-Tumucumaque e Vagem Roxa-THE). O tempo de cozimento foi avaliado utilizando-se o cozedor de Mattson. Foram determinados a composição centesimal e minerais. Adotou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado com três repetições em esquema fatorial 1 (genótipo) × 2 (grãos crus e cozidos), exceto para qualidade de cozimento. Os genótipos MNC05847B-123 e BRS-Tumucumaque diferiram dos demais genótipos, apresentando cozimento mais rápido do grão imaturo. O cozimento aumentou o teor de umidade e reduziu o teor de cinzas, lipídios, proteínas e carboidratos e o valor energético total. As linhagens MNC05-847B-123 e MNC00-595F-27 apresentaram teores de nutrientes da composição centesimal mais altos após o cozimento que a cultivar local Vagem Roxa-THE, exceto para o teor de umidade. O teor de minerais diminuiu após o cozimento, sendo que os teores de Fe, Zn e Mn tiveram as menores perdas com o processamento térmico. As linhagens MNC05-847B-123 e MNC00595F-27, mesmo com perdas após o processamento térmico do grão imaturo, apresentam potencial nutricional como cultivares para o mercado de feijão verde. feijãocaupi caupi secos diversificada feijãocaupi. caupi. MNC00595F27 MNCF MNC00 595F 27 MNC F (MNC00-595F-2 MNC05847B123 MNCB MNC05847B 123 B BRSTumucumaque BRS Tumucumaque RoxaTHE. RoxaTHE Roxa THE . Roxa-THE) utilizandose utilizando se Mattson Adotouse Adotou genótipo (genótipo cozidos, , cozidos) MNC05847B-12 imaturo cinzas lipídios total MNC05 847B MNC05-847B-12 MNC00-595F-2 RoxaTHE, THE, Roxa-THE Fe MNC00595F27, MNC00595F 27, MNC00595F-27 verde MNC00595F2 MNC0 (MNC00-595F- MNC05847B12 12 MNC05847B-1 MNC05-847B-1 MNC00-595F- MNC00595F-2 (MNC00-595F MNC05847B1 MNC05847B- MNC05-847B- MNC00-595F MNC00595F- MNC05-847B

ABSTRACT Water resources used for irrigation should be managed using technologies that improve water use efficiency, mainly in semiarid regions. Using drought-tolerant rootstocks is a strategy to handle this challenge. The objective of this study was to select suitable grapevine rootstocks for cultivation in semiarid regions based on their biomass, biochemical, and gas exchange attributes. The experiment was conducted at the Bebedouro Experimental Field of the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA Semiarid), in Petrolina, PE, Brazil. Rootstocks from grapevine plants of the cultivars Paulsen 1103, SO4, IAC 313, IAC 572, IAC 766, Ramsey, and 101-14 MgT were subjected to three irrigation water depths (100%, 50%, and 20% ET0). A randomized block experimental design with four replications was used, in a split-plot arrangement consisting of irrigation water depths in the plots and rootstocks in the subplots. Biochemical, biomass, and gas exchange attributes were assessed for selecting the best rootstocks regarding tolerance to drought using multivariate principal component analysis (PCA) and analysis of variance. The rootstocks IAC 313 and IAC 766 presented the highest root proline synthesis; IAC 766 presented better result for leaf sucrose synthesis; and Paulsen 1103 presented the highest leaf proline synthesis and carotenoid contents, as well as total chlorophyll-to-carotenoid ratio. IAC 313, IAC 766, and Paulsen 1103 presented better performance regarding the studied characteristics and, therefore, are suitable for growing grapevine crops in the Lower Middle São Francisco Valley, mainly under water deficit conditions. efficiency droughttolerant tolerant challenge biomass biochemical EMBRAPA Semiarid, Semiarid , Semiarid) Petrolina PE Brazil SO4 SO 572 Ramsey 10114 101 14 101-1 100%, 100 (100% 50 50% 20 ET0. ET0 ET . ET0) splitplot split plot subplots Biochemical PCA (PCA variance 31 76 110 contents chlorophylltocarotenoid chlorophyll ratio therefore Valley conditions 57 1011 10 1 101- 100% (100 5 2 3 7 11 (10 (1 (

RESUMO Os recursos hídricos, especialmente em regiões semiáridas, devem ser utilizados com o emprego de tecnologias que permitam aumentar a eficiência e uso da água para irrigação. Uma estratégia para lidar com esse problema é o uso de porta-enxertos tolerantes à seca. Com o objetivo de selecionar porta-enxertos de videira adequados para o cultivo em regiões semiáridas, com base na biomassa, variáveis bioquímicas e nas trocas gasosas, o experimento foi conduzido no Campo Experimental de Bebedouro, pertencente à Embrapa Semiárido, em Petrolina-PE. Foram utilizados os portaenxertos ‘Paulsen1103’, ‘SO4’, ‘IAC 313’, ‘IAC 572’, ‘IAC 766’, ‘Ramsey’ e ‘101-14 MgT’ submetidos a três lâminas de irrigação (100, 50 e 20% da ETo). O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições, em parcelas subdivididas, com a parcela principal sendo a lâmina de irrigação e a subparcela os portaenxertos. Características bioquímicas, de biomassa e relacionadas às trocas gasosas foram utilizadas para seleção dos melhores portaenxertos quanto à tolerância à seca, por meio de análise multivariada de componentes principais (PCA) e análise de variância. Os portaenxertos ‘IAC 313’ e ‘IAC 766’ destacaram-se pela maior síntese de prolina radicular, o ‘IAC 766’ apresentou melhor resultado para síntese de sacarose foliar, enquanto ‘Paulsen1103’ se destacou em prolina foliar, carotenoide e razão clorofila total/carotenoide. Pode-se concluir que os porta-enxertos ‘IAC 313’, ‘IAC 766’ e ‘Paulsen 1103’ apresentam melhor desempenho quanto às características estudadas e, portanto, são uma escolha válida para cultivo da videira no Submédio do Vale do São Francisco, especialmente em condições de déficit hídrico. hídricos semiáridas porta enxertos seca Bebedouro Semiárido PetrolinaPE. PetrolinaPE Petrolina PE. PE Petrolina-PE ‘Paulsen1103, Paulsen1103 Paulsen ‘Paulsen1103 , ‘SO4, SO4 SO ‘SO4 ‘SO4’ IAC 313, 313 572, 572 572’ 766, 766 ‘Ramsey Ramsey ‘10114 10114 ‘101 14 101 ‘101-1 MgT 100, 100 (100 5 20 ETo. ETo . ETo) repetições subdivididas PCA (PCA variância destacaramse destacaram radicular foliar totalcarotenoide total total/carotenoide Podese Pode 1103 portanto Francisco hídrico Paulsen110 ‘Paulsen110 ‘SO 31 57 76 ‘1011 1011 ‘10 1 10 ‘101- (10 2 110 Paulsen11 ‘Paulsen11 3 7 ‘1 (1 11 Paulsen1 ‘Paulsen1 ‘ (

ABSTRACT The purpose was to evaluate structural characteristics of pasture, behavioral aspects and physiological parameters of sheep finished on irrigated Tamani grass pasture under continuous stocking, using castor bean cake as alternative input. Structural characteristics of the pasture were assessed in a randomized block design in 2 x 2 factorial arrangement, with two sources of nitrogen fertilization (mineral - urea and organic - in natura castor bean cake) and two supplements (with or without detoxified castor bean cake), in four replications (paddocks). Behavioral aspects and physiological parameters were assessed in a randomized block design with four treatments, and repeated measures over time in eight replications (sheep). Total forage biomass, green leaf blade biomass, grazing, rumination, and idleness times, as well as respiratory rate and rectal temperature were assessed. Urea provided greater leaf blade biomass (1,807 kg DM.ha.cycle-1) and tiller population density (1,592 tillers.m-2). Grazing time reduced 65 minutes.day-1 for animals supplemented with detoxified castor bean cake and kept in pastures fertilized with urea. The use of castor bean cake did not change the physiological parameters of the animals in any of the managements evaluated and can be used as a strategic input in the finishing of sheep on pasture. stocking arrangement mineral cake, , paddocks. paddocks . (paddocks) treatments sheep. (sheep) grazing rumination times 1,807 1807 1 807 (1,80 DM.ha.cycle1 DMhacycle1 DMhacycle DM.ha.cycle DM ha cycle DM.ha.cycle-1 1,592 1592 592 (1,59 tillers.m2. tillersm2 tillersm tillers.m tillers m tillers.m-2) 6 minutes.day1 minutesday1 minutesday minutes.day minutes day minutes.day- (paddocks (sheep 1,80 180 80 (1,8 cycle1 DM.ha.cycle- 1,59 159 59 (1,5 m2 tillers.m2 tillers.m-2 day1 1,8 18 8 (1, 1,5 15 5 tillers.m- 1, (1 (

RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar as características estruturais da pastagem, os aspectos comportamentais e os parâmetros fisiológicos de ovinos terminados em pastagem irrigada de capim Tamani sob lotação contínua, utilizando-se torta de mamona como insumo alternativo. As características estruturais da pastagem foram avaliadas em delineamento em blocos ao acaso, em arranjo fatorial 2 x 2, com duas fontes de adubação nitrogenada (mineral - ureia e orgânica - torta de mamona in natura) e dois suplementos (com ou sem torta de mamona desintoxicada), em quatro repetições (piquetes). Os aspectos comportamentais e os parâmetros fisiológicos foram avaliados em delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com quatro tratamentos e medidas repetidas no tempo em oito repetições (ovinos). Foram avaliados a biomassa total de forragem, a biomassa de lâmina foliar verde, os tempos de pastejo, a ruminação e o ócio, bem como a frequência respiratória e a temperatura retal. A ureia proporcionou maior biomassa de lâmina foliar (1.807kg MS.ha.ciclo-1) e densidade populacional de perfilhos (1.592 perfilhos.m-2). O tempo de pastejo reduziu 65 minutos.dia-1 para animais suplementados com torta de mamona desintoxicada e mantidos em pastagens fertilizadas com ureia. A torta de mamona não alterou os parâmetros fisiológicos dos animais em nenhum dos manejos avaliados, podendo ser utilizada como insumo estratégico na terminação de ovinos a pasto. Objetivouse Objetivou se contínua utilizandose utilizando alternativo acaso mineral natura desintoxicada, , desintoxicada) piquetes. piquetes . (piquetes) ovinos. (ovinos) forragem verde ócio retal 1.807kg 1807kg kg 1 807kg MS.ha.ciclo1 MShaciclo1 MShaciclo MS.ha.ciclo MS ha ciclo MS.ha.ciclo-1 1.592 1592 592 (1.59 perfilhos.m2. perfilhosm2 perfilhosm perfilhos.m m perfilhos.m-2) 6 minutos.dia1 minutosdia1 minutosdia minutos.dia minutos dia minutos.dia- pasto (piquetes (ovinos ciclo1 MS.ha.ciclo- 1.59 159 59 (1.5 m2 perfilhos.m2 perfilhos.m-2 dia1 1.5 15 5 (1. perfilhos.m- 1. (1 (