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Abstract Conservation soil management systems can promote beneficial changes in the edaphic fauna, which is important in improving and maintaining soil quality. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the edaphic fauna in two areas with soils managed under no-till with and without terraces for four years. The edaphic fauna was evaluated by installing 32 pitfall trapsin each experimental plot. After seven days, the traps were removed, and the sampled individuals were classified at the level of major taxonomic groups. Collembola, Acari, Formicidae, Coleoptera, and Araneae were the most abundant in both study areas. The mean abundance of the order Coleoptera stood out in the no-till system with terraces in 2021, while the orders Collembola and Acari were more abundant without terraces in 2019 and 2021, and 2021 and 2022, respectively. There was a greater abundance of organisms for both areas in 2021, with significant equitability in the no-till system with terraces. Thus, the results showed that only some groups are positively affected by mechanical erosion control. quality Hence notill no till years 3 plot days removed Formicidae 201 202 2022 respectively Thus control 20 2

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-pssm-2024230797

Insect galls of Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos (Rio de Janeiro State, Southeastern Brazil) Rio State Brazil
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Maia, Valéria Cid

; Mascarenhas, Bernardo

Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia

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2023, Volumen 63 elocation e202363040

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos (PARNASO) is an integral protection conservation unit inserted in the domain of the Atlantic forest. This Park was investigated monthly from September to December/2021 and from March to May/2022 for insect galls. Host plants were identified and their exsiccates were deposited in the herbarium (R) of the Museu Nacional. Insects obtained by gall dissection and rearing were deposited in the Entomological Collection of Museu Nacional (MNRJ). The conservational status of the host plants and their origin were verified in the site Flora e Funga do Brasil (2023). New records of host plants in Brazil are presented based on comparison with literature data. PARNASO hosts a great richness of galls (290 gall morphotypes on 43 plant families). Myrtaceae, Melastomataceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae, and Rubiaceae, Mikania Willd. (Asteraceae), Miconia Ruiz & Pav. (Melastomataceae), and Eugenia L. (Myrtaceae), and Guapira opposita (Nyctaginaceae) were the botanical taxa with the highest number of gall morphotypes, all of them were previously indicated as super hosts in inventories in forest formations of the Atlantic forest, except Rubiaceae. PARNASO includes 148 gall-inducing species native to Brazil, being 69 endemic; among the last 23 are exclusive to the Atlantic forest. Eight gall-inducing species are endangered and four are near threathned. Most galls were found on leaves. The most frequent gall characters were: globoid shape, green color, and glabrous surface. Most galls were induced by Cecidomyiidae (Diptera), however galls of Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Thysanoptera, and Hymenoptera wera also found. These are the known patterns in Brazil. The secondary fauna was reported in 62 gall morphotypes and included parasitoids (Hymenoptera), successors (Collembola, Hemiptera and Thysanoptera), cecidophagous (Lepidoptera), and predators (spiders). Parasitoids were the most frequent. Seven gall midge species are recorded for the first time in this Park. (PARNASO December2021 December 2021 December/202 May2022 May 2022 May/202 R (R MNRJ. MNRJ . (MNRJ) 2023. 2023 (2023) data 290 (29 4 families. families families) Myrtaceae Melastomataceae Asteraceae Fabaceae Rubiaceae Willd , (Asteraceae) Pav (Melastomataceae) L (Myrtaceae) Nyctaginaceae (Nyctaginaceae 14 gallinducing inducing 6 endemic 2 threathned leaves shape color surface Diptera, Diptera (Diptera) Lepidoptera Coleoptera Thysanoptera Hymenoptera, (Hymenoptera) Collembola, Collembola (Collembola Thysanoptera) (Lepidoptera) spiders. spiders (spiders) December202 202 December/20 May202 May/20 (MNRJ (2023 29 (2 (Asteraceae (Melastomataceae (Myrtaceae 1 (Diptera (Hymenoptera (Lepidoptera (spiders December20 20 December/2 May20 May/2 (202 ( December2 December/ May2 May/ (20

https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2023.63.040

An Anatomical Ontology for the Class Collembola (Arthropoda: Hexapoda) Arthropoda (Arthropoda Hexapoda
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González Montaña, Luis Antonio

; Rueda-Ramírez, Diana

; Serna Cardona, Francisco Javier

; Gaigl, Andreas

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology

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2023, Volumen 66 elocation e23220682

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Communication in science requires standardized terminology with concepts unified that facilitate the processing and exploration of information in any knowledge domain. The morphology is not the exception; however, it has challenged problems, called “the linguistic problem of the morphology”, which is related to the processing of morphological data result of taxonomic work. Ontologies, standardized vocabularies expressed through language parsable (Resource Description Framework, RDF) by machines, are proposed to resolve the linguistic problems in morphology. Springtails are dominants in the soil and other types of habitats with ca 9000 described species. The anatomical terms employed in Collembola are not exempt from problems such as the presence of homonyms related to the chaetotaxy, idiosyncratic language employed in morphological descriptions, and lack of consensual definitions of anatomical terms, which difficult the comparison of morphological data. Collembola Anatomy Ontology (CLAO) is built according to principles established by The OBO Foundry and includes 1554 anatomical terms for the region of the cuticle, appendages, anatomical systems, and cells. CLAO is directed toward morphological descriptions and the production of phenotypic data produced from taxonomic and anatomical works before the obtaining of homologies in a phylogenetic framework. Also, to increase the interoperability with other anatomical ontologies for Arthropoda and knowledge domains. domain exception however morphology, , morphology” work Ontologies Resource Framework RDF machines 900 species chaetotaxy (CLAO 155 cuticle appendages systems cells framework Also domains 90 15 9 1

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-2023220682

INCREASES IN SOIL MESOFAUNA THROUGH TREE ESTABLISHMENT AND GRAZING DEFERMENT IN A DEGRADED AREA IN THE CAATINGA BIOME
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FERNANDES, SAMARA PAULO DOS SANTOS

; BAKKE, OLAF ANDREAS

; BAKKE, IVONETE ALVES

; GUEDES, ROZILEUDO DA SILVA

; MARTINS, KYEGLA BEATRIZ DA SILVA

Revista Caatinga

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Oct 2022, Volumen 35 Nº 4 Paginas 894 - 904

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A degradação ambiental impacta negativamente a diversidade e a quantidade dos invertebrados do solo, notadamente em regiões semiáridas. Geralmente, uma alta diversidade de invertebrados indica a biofuncionalidade e a sustentabilidade do uso do solo. Nós avaliamos o efeito de 14 anos de isolamento e da presença das árvores nativas Mimosa tenuiflora e Cnidoscolus quercifolius na mesofauna do solo de uma área degradada de Caatinga, de acordo com o teste do χ 2 aplicado aos dados de abundância desses microorganismos. O isolamento da área sozinho mais que triplicou a mesofauna do solo. A abundância da mesofauna sob a copa da M. tenuiflora aumentou 3,17 e 3,41 vezes na área com e sem pastejo, respectivamente, e sob a copa da C. quercifolius aumentou em 22.6 vezes na área sem pastejo. O efeito da M. tenuiflora na área pastejada foi similar ao de 14 anos de isolamento. A quantidade da mesofauna sob a copa de C. quercifolius após 14 anos de isolamento foi 6,6 vezes maior do que a observada sob a de M. tenuiflora em condições similares. O isolamento da área e árvores, especialmente C. quercifolius, aumentaram a quantidade da mesofauna do solo, porém, a recuperação total desses organismos em áreas degradadas de Caatinga pode necessitar de mais de 14 anos. Considerando o cenário atual de degradação ambiental crescente, nossos dados sobre as relações entre a mesofauna do solo, o isolamento de áreas e árvores nativas são importantes para delinear estratégias e procedimentos para a recuperação de áreas degradadas no bioma Caatinga.

ABSTRACT Environmental degradation impacts negatively the diversity and quantity of invertebrates living in the soil, mainly in semiarid regions. Generally, a high diversity of invertebrates indicates good biofunctionality and sustainable use of the soil. We evaluated the effects of 14 years of grazing deferment and the presence of the native trees Mimosa tenuiflora and Cnidoscolus quercifolius on the soil mesofauna of a degraded Caatinga area, according to the χ 2 test, applied to assess the abundance of these microorganisms. The grazing deferment alone more than tripled the soil mesofauna. The abundance of the mesofauna under M. tenuiflora canopies increased by a factor of 3.17 and 3.41 in grazed and ungrazed areas, respectively, and under C. quercifolius canopies increased by a factor of 22.6 in the ungrazed area. The effect of M. tenuiflora in the grazed area was similar to 14 years of grazing deferment. The quantity of mesofauna under C. quercifolius canopies after 14 years of grazing deferment was 6.6-fold higher than that under M. tenuiflora canopies, under similar conditions. The grazing deferment and trees, especially C. quercifolius, increased the soil mesofauna; however, full recovery of such organisms in degraded Caatinga areas may need more than 14 years. Considering the current scenario of increasing environmental degradation, our findings regarding the relationships between soil mesofauna, grazing deferment and native trees are important to devise strategies and procedures for the recovery of degraded areas in the Caatinga biome.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252022v35n417rc

Artrópodos edáficos en diferentes usos de suelo de la Sierra Nevada, Tepetlaoxtoc, Estado de México, México
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Hernández-Tirado, Arturo E.

; Castaño-Meneses, Gabriela

; Ibañez-Huerta, Abel

; ramos-Chávez, David E.

; Aguirre-Plata, Lizeth

; Velázquez, Daniela Pérez-

; Montes-Recinas, Saraí

; Cruz-Ortega, Rocío

Revista Colombiana de Entomología

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Jun 2022, Volumen 48 Nº 1 elocation e11632

Resumen: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Este estudio tuvo como objetivo describir la diversidad y abundancia de los micro artrópodos edáficos, en relación con las características físicas y químicas de suelos bajo diferente uso y manejo, así como caracterizar su estructura en un área de minería pétrea o de cantera. Para esto se estudiaron los ensamblajes de microartrópodos edáficos en cinco zonas con diferente uso de suelo: Bosque de Pino-Encino conservado (B), Bosque de Pino-Encino degradado (Z), Agrícola (V), Erosión (E), y Mina (M), en Sierra Nevada (Tepetlaoxtoc, México), su relación con parámetros físicos y químicos del suelo y su potencial como bioindicadores, utilizando los valores del índice QBS-ar, en zonas de minería pétrea. Se encontró correlación positiva y significativa con la abundancia y los porcentajes de humedad y materia orgánica del suelo. Se identificaron grupos descritos como bioindicadores, hiperparasitoides y depredadores en sitios más conservados que los que presentan mayor degradación. Los valores del índice QBS-ar fueron mayores en el área B. Se identificaron tres zonas, B, M y E, definidas por su aptitud para realizar acciones de rehabilitación ecológica y el potencial de los microartrópodos para ser integrados en los programas de manejo y estrategias de conservación y rehabilitación en áreas de minería pétrea.

Abstract The objective of this study was to describe the diversity and abundance of edaphic microarthropods in relation to the physical and chemical characteristics of soils under different use and management and to characterize their structure in an area of stone mining or quarrying. For this purpose, edaphic microarthopods assemblages were studied in five zones with different land use: Conserved Pine-Oak forest (B), Degraded Pine-Oak forest (Z), Agricultural (V), Erosion (E), Mine (M), in Sierra Nevada (Tepetlaoxtoc, Mexico), in order to know their relationship with both physical and chemical parameters, and also their potential as bioindicators, using the values of the QBS-ar index, in stony mining areas. A positive and significant relationship was found with the abundance and moisture and organic matter percentages. Groups described as bioindicators, hyperparasitoids and predators were identified in sites with more conservation than those with greater degradation. The QBS-ar index values were higher in the area B. Three zones, B, M and E, were identified, according by their suitability for ecological rehabilitation action. The potential of soil microarthropods to be integrated into management programs and conservation and rehabilitation strategies in areas of stone mining was recognized.

https://doi.org/10.25100/socolen.v48i1.11632 55 descargas

Soil macrofauna, mesofauna and microfauna and their relationship with soil quality in agricultural areas in northern Colombia: ecological implications
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Chamorro-Martínez, Yiseth

; Torregroza-Espinosa, Ana Carolina

; Pallares, María Inés Moreno

; Osorio, Diana Pinto

; Paternina, Amaira Corrales

; Echeverría-González, Ana

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo

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2022, Volumen 46 elocation e0210132

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Soil fauna is an essential component of the soil ecosystem for maintaining nutrient cycling and biological soil fertility. This study assessed the soil biodiversity (macrofauna, mesofauna, and microfauna) to define strategies for the sustainable management of tropical agricultural soils. The study was carried out in 200 agricultural production units in the Department of Sucre, in northern Colombia. Physicochemical properties (organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and pH) were determined for each soil sample. The Berlesse-Tullgren method was used to determine the composition of macrofauna and mesofauna, while the sown surface plate counting method was applied for microfauna. Community biodiversity was quantified with diversity indices, and Pearson correlation was carried out to determine the relationships between soil fauna and soil quality indicators. For the macrofauna, 1330 individuals were found, distributed in 22 orders and 65 families; the families Tenebrionidae, Formicidae, Staphylinidae, Scarabaeidae and Julide presented the highest abundance and distribution. Mesofauna presented 1,171 individuals, distributed in the classes Arachnida with seven families and Collembola with four families; the Scheloribatidae, Isotomidae and Galumnidae families presented the highest abundance and distribution. The indices of richness, Shannon-Wiener diversity and Simpson dominance indicated that biodiversity was higher for macrofauna. Pearson’s correlation indicated significant correlations between soil mesofauna and soil organic matter (R2 = 0.87; p≤0.05) and phosphorous (R2 = 0.70; p≤0.05). The relationships between fauna and soil chemical properties indicate that soil biological diversity is sensitive to changes in the soil environment. This study revealed the importance of investigating the three components of soil fauna (macrofauna, mesofauna, and microfauna), since all three contribute to soil enrichment to grow nourished crops that allow plants to survive under climate change. Finally, this study may serve as a baseline to define strategies for sustainable management of tropical agricultural soils.

https://doi.org/10.36783/18069657rbcs20210132

Single cultivation versus sweet potato and popcorn intercropping: benefits over edaphic fauna in ecological-based system
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Redin, Marciel

; Canepelle, Eduardo

; Writzl, Thaniel Carlson

; Silva, Danni Maisa da

; Guerra, Divanilde

; Drescher, Marta Sandra

Revista Ceres

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Oct 2021, Volumen 68 Nº 5 Paginas 484 - 490

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the diversity and abundance of edaphic fauna organisms in single and intercropped systems of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) and ecologically-based popcorn (Zea mays) in Red Oxisol, in the Northwest region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Four sweet potato cultivars were used in single systems and intercropped with popcorn: BRS Amélia, BRS Rubissol, BRS Cuia and Crioula. The soil fauna assessment was carried out using PROVID-type traps. Richness, abundance and the dominance indices of Shannon (H’) and Simpson (D) were determined. The orders Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Collembola and Orthoptera, were dominant in both cultivation systems. The single cultivation showed a greater number of organisms in the orders Isopoda and Collembola, whereas in the intercropped system, the orders Lepidoptera and Hymenoptera stood out. The intercropping cultivation of sweet potato and popcorn shows highest diversity and abundance of soil organisms compared to the single cultivation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-737x202168050013 19 descargas

Land use and terrestrial arthropods at the Colombian Pacific coast
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Löhr, Bernhard

; Narváez, Alexandra

Revista Colombiana de Entomología

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Jun 2021, Volumen 47 Nº 1 elocation e7640

Resumen: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen La diversidad, la permanencia y la actividad de los artrópodos terrestres se investigaron en las tierras bajas de la costa del Pacífico de Colombia con el objetivo de identificar posibles especies depredadoras para el barrenador de la raíz de la palma de aceite, Sagalassa valida. Se establecieron diez trampas de caída a lo largo de un transecto de 100 m en cuatro áreas: un bosque secundario, una plantación de palma de chontaduro de 20 años y dos plantaciones híbridas de palma aceitera de tres y siete años, respectivamente. Se realizaron 22 recolectas cubriendo un año entero. Todas las hormigas se identificaron a nivel de especie o morfoespecie, los otros artrópodos se identificaron hasta orden o, cuando fue posible, a nivel de familia. En total, se capturaron 50.603 artrópodos, los más abundantes fueron hormigas (37,0 %), seguidos de Collembola (35,4 %), Acari (10,6 %), Coleoptera (7,0 %) y Diptera; Hemiptera y Araneae en porcentajes casi iguales (2,5 %). Los ortópteros (92 % Gryllidae) estaban presentes en todas las recolectas, siempre en números bajos. El mayor número de hormigas se registró en los transectos de palma aceitera; Diptera, Hemiptera y Orthoptera fueron más numerosos en el bosque secundario; Acari, Araneae y Collembola en el transecto de palma aceitera. Ectatomma ruidum fue la especie de hormiga dominante (84,9 % de todos los especímenes) y estuvo ausente en solo 20 de las 880 capturas. El segundo género de hormigas más frecuente fue el de las legionarias con dos especies, Labidus praedator y L. coecus. Las precipitaciones, incluso las inundaciones de toda el área, y la temperatura no explicaron satisfactoriamente la variabilidad en las capturas de ningún grupo taxonómico. Se concluye que E. ruidum podría ser el depredador que proporcione control del barrenador de la raíz y se recomiendan estudios adicionales sobre su eficiencia.

Abstract Diversity, permanence, and activity of terrestrial arthropods were investigated in four areas of different land use in the lowlands of the Pacific coast of Colombia with the aim to identify potential predator species for the palm root borer, Sagalassa valida. Ten pitfall traps were established along a 100 m transect in four areas: a secondary forest, a 20 year.-old peach palm plantation, and two hybrid oil palm plantations of three and seven years of age, respectively. Twenty-two collections were made covering a whole year. All ants were identified to species or morphospecies level, the other arthropods to order or where possible to family level. In total, 50,603 arthropods were captured, the most abundant were ants (37.0 %), followed by Collembola (35.4 %), Acari (10.6 %), Coleoptera (7.0 %) and Diptera, Hemiptera and Araneae in almost equal numbers (around 2.5 %). Orthoptera (92 % Gryllidae) were present in all collections, always at low numbers. The highest number of ants were recorded in the oil palm transects; Diptera, Hemiptera and Orthoptera were more numerous in the secondary forest, Acari, Araneae and Collembola in the palm transects. Ectatomma ruidum was by far the dominant ant species (84.9 % of all specimens) and absent from only 20 of the 880 captures. The second most frequent ant genus were army ants with two species, Labidus praedator and L. coecus. Rainfall, even area-wide flooding, and temperature did not explain variability in captures of any taxonomic group satisfactorily. We conclude that E. ruidum might be the predator to provide control of the root borer and recommend further studies on its efficiency.

https://doi.org/10.25100/socolen.v47i1.7640 65 descargas

Estructura de la comunidad de colémbolos (Hexapoda) del dosel de un bosque mesófilo en Hidalgo, México
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Palacios-Vargas, José G.

; Castaño-Meneses, Gabriela

; Valladares, Leticia

Caldasia

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Jun 2021, Volumen 43 Nº 1 Paginas 149 - 160

Resumen: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN Se estudió la diversidad, riqueza y abundancia de Collembola, en el dosel de un bosque mesófilo en el Estado de Hidalgo, México, durante las estaciones lluviosa y seca de 2004 y 2005, mediante fumigaciones con Piretrinas naturales en tres áreas: una en la zona de borde cerca del camino, otra ubicada a una distancia intermedia, y la tercera en la zona más interna y conservada. Se recolectó un total de 5267 colémbolos representando once familias y 22 géneros, de ellos 4377 (83 %) corresponden a la temporada de lluvias, y 890 (17 %) a la de sequía. Las familias con mayor abundancia fueron Hypogasturidae (con casos como Schoettella distincta y Xenylla sp.), Entomobryidae (Entomobrya sp., Orchesella sp. y Willowsia mexicana), Paronellidae (Salina sp.) y Dicyrtomidae (Dicyrtoma sp.). En la zona interna se recolectaron 1586 (30 %) colémbolos y la mayor abundancia se registró en la zona intermedia, con 2157 (41 %) especímenes. Los valores menores fueron para el área de borde con 1527 (29 %) ejemplares. Se calcularon también los índices de diversidad y equitatividad, y el efecto de la temporada de recolección y sitio sobre la abundancia. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en la abundancia, composición y diversidad de las comunidades en las dos estaciones, y el efecto de borde también tiene una influencia significativa en la composición de la comunidad de colémbolos del dosel, con mayor cantidad de grupos considerados como cosmopolitas en la zona de borde.

ABSTRACT Diversity, richness, and abundance of Collembola communities from the canopy of a montane cloud forest at Hidalgo State, Mexico were studied, through the rainy and drought seasons in 2004 and 2005, using natural piretrine insecticide in three areas: one at the border close to the road, a second one at an intermediate distance, and a third one in the internal and better preserved area. A total of 5267 springtails from eleven families and 22 genera were obtained, of them, 4377 (83 %) belong to the rainy season, and 890 (17 %) at drought. Most abundant families were Hypogasturidae (with cases such as Schoettella distincta and Xenylla sp.), Entomobryidae (Entomobrya sp., Orchesella sp. and Willowsia mexicana), Paronellidae (Salina sp.), and Dicyrtomidae (Dicyrtoma sp.). In the internal area, 1586 (30 %) springtails were collected, the highest abundance was presented at the intermediate area with 2157 (41 %) specimens. The lowest amount was recorded at the border area with 1527 (29 %). Diversity and equitability indexes were calculated and the effect of sampling season and site on the abundance of Collembola were estimated. A significant variation in composition, abundance, and diversity of the community was observed between both seasons, and the border effect has a significant influence in springtails composition in the canopy, with more cosmopolite groups in the border area.

https://doi.org/10.15446/caldasia.v43n1.85130 259 descargas

10.

Insecta and Collembola as bioindicators of ecological restoration in the Ombrophilous Dense Forest in Southern Brazil
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Arenhardt, Taise Cristina Plattau

; Vitorino, Marcelo Diniz

; Martins, Sebastião Venâncio

Floresta e Ambiente

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2021, Volumen 28 Nº 4 elocation e20210008

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the capacity as bioindicators of litter arthropodofauna in pasture restoration in the Atlantic Forest Biome. Areas of native forest under natural regeneration, and pastures treated with different ecological restoration techniques were evaluated, with pitfall traps. The sampling period was from April/2017 to October/2018, bimonthly. Families Ptiliidae, Staphylinidae, and Leiodidae, species Pheidole cf. sarcina (Formicidae) and Mastigoceras sp. 1 and Szeptyckitheca sp. 1 (Collembola) were indicators of well-conserved areas, whereas families Cicadellidae and Delphacidae, Formicidae species Wasmannia auropunctata (Roger, 1863) and Camponotus melanoticus Emery, 1894 were indicators of degraded areas. From the springtail community, species richness is a metric that can be used as a bioindicator. It was observed that all taxonomic identification levels allowed for the differentiation of the environmental conditions of the sampling areas, with less specific identification levels, such as family, possibly indicating changes in areas under the restoration process.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-8087-floram-2021-0008 125 descargas

11.

Insect galls of the Brazilian Cerrado: associated fauna
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Maia, Valéria Cid

; Silva, Bruno Gomes da

Biota Neotropica

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2021, Volumen 21 Nº 3 elocation e20211202

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo: As galhas de insetos abrigam uma fauna rica e diversificada de habitantes secundários que compõem a fauna associada. No Brasil, muitos inventários de galhas de insetos em áreas de Cerrado registram habitantes secundários. Estes registros, dispersos em vários artigos, foram reunidos para fornecer uma visão ampla da fauna de artrópodes associados às galhas de insetos no Cerrado brasileiro. Buscamos publicações científicas nas bases de dados acadêmicas virtuais e encontramos 16 artigos com informações de habitantes secundários. Limitamos nossa busca ao período de 1988 a 2020. Atualizamos o nome das espécies botânicas e verificamos sua distribuição geográfica e endemismos no site Flora do Brasil 2020. Fornecemos os usos das espécies vegetais com base no site Tropical Useful Plants 2014. Encontramos 163 morfotipos de galhas com habitantes secundários (16,8% do total de morfotipos de galhas do Cerrado brasileiro) em 94 espécies de plantas de 37 famílias. Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Myrtaceae e Malpighiaceae exibiram o maior número de registros. Estas são as famílias mais ricas em galhas de insetos no Cerrado brasileiro. A maioria da fauna de artrópodes foi assinalada em galhas de Cecidomyiidae (Diptera). A maioria dos registros foi em galhas foliares, órgão vegetal com maior riqueza de galhas. Os parasitoides foram mais frequentes que os sucessores, inquilinos e predadores. Eulophidae e Eurytomidae foram as famílias de parasitoides mais frequentes. Os inquilinos foram representados por Coleoptera, Diplopoda, Diptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Psocoptera, e Thysanoptera; os sucessores por Acari, Araneae, Cecidomyiidae (Diptera), Coleoptera, Collembola e Formicidae (Hymenoptera); enquanto os predadores por Pseudoscorpiones e Diptera. A maioria dos registros foi apresentada em categorias supragenéricas, mostrando que o conhecimento taxonômico é muito deficiente. Vinte e nove plantas são endêmicas do Brasil e totalizam 45 morfotipos de galhas com habitantes secundários; 46 espécies vegetais são úteis e hospedam habitantes secundários em 62 morfotipos de galhas. Estas informações acrescentam importância ecológica e econômica a estes artrópodes.

Abstract: Insect galls host a rich and diverse fauna of secondary dwellers, which compose the associated fauna. In Brazil, many inventories of insect galls in Cerrado areas have recorded secondary dwellers. These records were scattered in several papers. This study gathered literature data to provide an overview of the arthropod fauna associated with insect galls in the Brazilian Cerrado. We searched for scientific publications in online academic databases and retrieved 16 papers with data on the secondary dwellers. We limited our search to the period from 1988 to 2020. We updated the name of plant species and verified endemism and geographic distribution in Flora do Brasil 2020. We provided plant species uses based on the Tropical Useful Plants 2014. We found 163 gall morphotypes with secondary dwellers (16.8% of the total of gall morphotypes of the Brazilian Cerrado) on 94 plant species in 37 families. Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Myrtaceae, and Malpighiaceae exhibited the greatest number of records. These are the richest families in insect galls in the Brazilian Cerrado. Most arthropod fauna were recorded in galls of Cecidomyiidae (Diptera). Most records were in leaf galls, the predominant galled organ. Parasitoids were more frequent than successors, inquilines, and predators. Eulophidae and Eurytomidae were the most frequent parasitoid families. Inquilines were represented by Coleoptera, Diplopoda, Diptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Psocoptera, and Thysanoptera; successors by Acari, Araneae, Cecidomyiidae (Diptera), Coleoptera, Collembola, and Formicidae (Hymenoptera), whereas predators by Pseudoscorpiones and Diptera. Most records were presented in suprageneric categories, showing that the taxonomic knowledge is very deficient. 29 plant species are endemic to Brazil and totaled 45 gall morphotypes with secondary dwellers; 46 plant species are useful and host secondary dwellers in 62 gall morphotypes. These data add ecological and economic importance to these arthropods.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2021-1202 126 descargas

12.

Mesofauna assemblages on the extraradical mycelium of Pinus greggii roots with three ectomycorrhizal fungi
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Díaz-Aguilar, Irma

; Martínez-Reyes, Magdalena

; Pérez-Moreno, Jesús

; Valdez-Carrasco, Jorge

Scientia fungorum

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2021, Volumen 52 elocation e1382

Resumen: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Background: The extraradical mycelium (ERM) of ectomycorrhizal fungi is a network inhabited by soil mesofauna, mainly collembolans and mites, forming interactions during the fungal life-cycle, from grazing on hyphae to spore dispersal. However, it is still unknown if ERM of ectomycorrhizal fungi could influence the structure of mesofauna assemblages. Objective: To evaluate the abundance and community composition of the mesofauna inhabiting the ERM of Hebeloma mesophaeum, Laccaria laccata and Wilcoxina sp. in Pinus greggii roots. Methods: Mesofauna was collected from the root balls of P. greggii with 80 % of colonization using a washing method. Results and conclusions: An effect was observed due to ERM differences on species richness and species dominance, but not an effect on the abundance and community composition of the mesofauna. However, Wilcoxina sp. presented the lowest species richness and diversity. Fungus-feeding collembolans shaped species-rich assemblages, being isoto-mid-tullbergid forms the soil-dwelling taxa. Entomobryidae and Hypogastruridae were the most common families on the soil surface, not being found in Wilcoxina sp., and only a few predatory mites of the Mesostigmata and Endeostigmata were found. The ectomycorrhizal mycelium constitutes a trophic niche of the mesofauna and it might be an evolutionary force in structuring species composition and diversity.

Resumen Antecedentes: El micelio extraradical (MER) de hongos ectomicorrízicos es una red habitada por mesofauna del suelo, colémbolos y ácaros, formando interacciones durante el ciclo de vida del hongo, desde consumir hifas hasta dispersar esporas. Sin embargo, se desconoce si el MER podría influir en ensamblajes de la mesofauna. Objetivos: Evaluar la abundancia y composición de las comunidades de mesofauna que habitan en el MER de Hebeloma mesophaeum, Laccaria laccata y Wilcoxina sp. en raíces de Pinus greggii. Métodos: La mesofauna fue colectada en cepellones de P. greggii con 80 % de colonización, utilizando un método de lavado. Resultados y conclusiones: Se observó un efecto por las diferencias del MER sobre la riqueza y dominancia de especies, pero no sobre la abundancia y composición de las comunidades de mesofauna; Wilcoxina sp. presentó la menor riqueza de especies. Los colémbolos fungívoros formaron ensambles de especies de isotomidos-tullbergidos que habitan en el suelo. Los Entomobryidae e Hypogastruridae fueron las familias comunes sobre la superficie del suelo, éstas no fueron encontradas en Wilcoxina sp. Pocos ácaros depredadores (Mesostigmata y Endeostigmata) fueron encontrados. El micelio ectomicorrízico es un nicho trófico de la mesofauna y podría ser una fuerza evolutiva en estructurar la diversidad de especies.

https://doi.org/10.33885/sf.2021.52.1382 9 descargas

13.

Colémbolos epiedáficos (Hexapoda: Collembola) en dos usos del suelo en la Altillanura colombiana
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Duarte-Núñez, Dayssy-A.

; Pinzón-Florián, Olga-P.

; Palacios-Vargas, José-G.

Revista de Biología Tropical

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Dic 2020, Volumen 68 Nº 4 Paginas 1198 - 1210

Resumen: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Introducción: Los colémbolos epiedáficos participan en una amplia variedad de servicios ecosistémicos relacionados con la disponibilidad de nutrientes para las plantas, el almacenamiento y la regulación del agua, la estabilidad del suelo y el control de la humedad y el pH necesarios para la fertilidad de los suelos. Por esta razón, los colémbolos epiedáficos se consideran como organismos sensibles a los cambios generados en el uso del suelo. Objetivo: Comparar la fauna epiedáfica de dos tipos de vegetación introducida: pastos y plantaciones de Eucalyptus pellita en una región de los Llanos Orientales de Colombia. Métodos: La recolección de los colémbolos se realizó en áreas con cobertura de pastos introducidos y áreas forestadas de diferentes edades, con trampas pitfall que contenían Propilenglicol al 40 % como preservante; durante la época seca y la época húmeda. Se comparó la riqueza efectiva de géneros y se explicó su composición en función de 14 variables ambientales y dasométricas mediante un análisis de redundancia (RDA). Resultados: La colembofauna estuvo compuesta por Entomobryomorpha (62 %), Poduromorpha (17 %) y Symphypleona (21.1 %) representados en 12 familias y 26 géneros. La riqueza efectiva de géneros fue significativamente mayor en los pastos que en las plantaciones de E. pellita, pero la abundancia no disminuye significativamente, con excepción de las plantaciones jóvenes durante la época seca. El ensamblaje de colémbolos observados en el área se relacionó principalmente con el desarrollo de cobertura forestal, la disponibilidad de materia orgánica alrededor de la trampa y el contenido de Nitrógeno en el suelo. Conclusiones: Las áreas forestadas permitieron un ensamblaje de colémbolos, menos diverso que las pasturas, pero compuesto tanto por especies adaptadas a áreas abiertas, como de las áreas naturales boscosas circundantes.

Abstract Introduction: Epiedaphic springtails participate in a wide variety of services linked to plant nutrient availability, water storage and regulation, soil stability and control of moisture and pH necessary for soil fertility. Therefore, epiedaphic springtails are sensitive to soil use change. Objective: To compare diversity of epiedaphic springtails in two types of introduced vegetation: pastures and forestations of Eucalyptus pellita in a region of the Colombian eastern plans. Methods: Springtails were collected from introduced pastures and young, middle and mature forested areas of E. pellita, using pitfall traps containing Propylene Glycol (40 %) as preservative, during one dry and one wet season. Alfa and Beta diversity were compared at genus level, and community composition was explained using a set of 14 environmental variables through a redundancy analysis (RDA). Results: Epiedaphic springtails were represented by Entomobryomorpha (62 %), Poduromorpha (17 %) and Symphypleona (21.1 %), 12 families and 26 genera. Effective number of Collembola genera was lower in plantations but abundance was different only in young plantations during dry season. The variables related to forest coverage, soil organic matter coverage and Nitrogen better explained the observed genera assemblage. Conclusions: Forest plantations allowed an assembly of springtails less diverse than in pastures; but comprised both types of genera, those proper of open areas and those from surrounding natural wooded areas.

https://doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v68i4.38333

14.

Study of the effects of glyphosate application on Collembola populations under controlled conditions
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Torres-Moya, Felipe

; Dotor-Robayo, Mónica

Agronomía Colombiana

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Dic 2020, Volumen 38 Nº 3 Paginas 398 - 405

Resumen: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN El glifosato es el herbicida más utilizado a nivel mundial. Sin embargo, los efectos de esta molécula sobre poblaciones no objetivo aún es tema de estudio. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar el efecto de la aplicación de diferentes dosis de glifosato sobre la variación de las poblaciones de colémbolos. Para esto, se recolectaron muestras de un sustrato orgánico que contenía diferentes poblaciones de colémbolos. Las muestras se llevaron al laboratorio y se aclimataron durante 48 h. Después se les aplicó glifosato C14 en dosis equivalentes a 0 L ha-1, 2 L ha-1, y 4 L ha-1 bajo un diseño experimental completamente al azar, con tres tratamientos y cinco repeticiones. Se realizaron conteos poblacionales implementando el método de flotación a los 0, 4, 7 y 11 d después de aplicación (DDA). Se encontró una distribución de individuos en las familias Isoto-midae y Entomobryidae, divididos en especies de los géneros Proisotoma (Bõrner), Lepidocyrtus (Bourlet) y Seira (Lubbock). Se reportó una disminución entre el 40% y 60% en el número de artrópodos para los tratamientos donde se utilizó el herbicida a los 4 y 7 DDA, mostrando una disminución del tamaño de la comunidad en aquellos tratamientos en los cuales se aplicó el herbicida en relación con el testigo. Sin embargo, no se observaron diferencias entre las dosis de herbicida. Adicionalmente se demostró la presencia de glifosato C14 en los individuos muertos; esto confirma un posible efecto del herbicida sobre algunos sistemas biológicos que llevo a una disminución del tamaño de la población.

ABSTRACT Glyphosate is the most widely used herbicide worldwide. However, the effects of this molecule on non-target populations are still a subject of study. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of the application of different glyphosate doses on variation in collembolan (springtail) populations. To accomplish this goal, samples of organic substrate that contained different collembolan populations were collected. Samples were taken to the laboratory and acclimatized for 48 h. Glyphosate C14 was then applied to the samples in doses equivalent to 0 L ha-1, 2 L ha-1, and 4 L ha-1 under a completely randomized experimental design with three treatments and five replicates. Population counts were performed by implementing the flotation method at 0, 4, 7 and 11 d after application (DAA). We found that individuals were distributed in the families Isotomidae and Entomobryidae and divided into species of the genus Proisotoma (Borner), Lepidocyrtus (Bourlet) and Seira (Lubbock). A decrease in the number of arthropods between 40% and 60% was reported for the treatments with herbicide application at 4 and 7 DAA, showing a drop in the size of the community in those treatments in which the herbicide was applied compared to the control. However, no differences were observed between herbicide doses. Additionally, the presence of glyphosate C14 was demonstrated in dead individuals. This confirms a possible effect of the herbicide on some biological systems that led to a decrease in the size of the population.

https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v38n3.85626 56 descargas

15.

Insect (Hexapoda) diversity in the oceanic archipelago of Fernando de Noronha, Brazil: updated taxonomic checklist and new records
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Rafael, José Albertino

; Limeira-de-Oliveira, Francisco

; Hutchings, Roger William

; Miranda, Gil Felipe Gonçalves

; Silva Neto, Alberto Moreira da

; Somavilla, Alexandre

; Camargo, Alexssandro

; Asenjo, Angélico

; Pinto, Ângelo Parise

; Bello, Ayr de Moura

; Dalmorra, Camila

; Mello-Patiu, Cátia Antunes de

; Carvalho, Claudio José Barros de

; Takiya, Daniela Maeda

; Parizotto, Daniele Regina

; Marques, Dayse Willkenia Almeida

; Cavalheiro, Denis de Oliveira

; Mendes, Diego Matheus de Mello

; Zeppelini, Douglas

; Carneiro, Eduardo

; Lima, Élison Fabrício Bezerra

; Lima, Estevam Cipriano Araújo de

; Godoi, Fabio Siqueira Pitaluga de

; Pessoa, Felipe Arley Costa

; Vaz-de-Mello, Fernando Zagury

; Sosa-Duque, Francisco José

; Flores, Heloísa Fernandes

; Fernandes, Itanna Oliveira

; Silva-Júnior, José Osvaldo

; Gomes, Lucas Roberto Pereira

; Monné, Marcela Laura

; Castro, Marcelo Cutrim Moreira de

; Silva, Marcelo Peixoto Gomes da

; Couri, Márcia Souto

; Gottschalk, Marco Silva

; Soares, Matheus Mickael Mota

; Monné, Miguel Angel

; Rafael, Miriam Silva

; Casagrande, Mirna Martins

; Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik

; Grossi, Paschoal Coelho

; Pinto, Paula Jéssica Costa

; Bartholomay, Pedro Reck

; Sobral, Rafael

; Heleodoro, Raphael Aquino

; Machado, Renato José Pires

; Corrêa, Robson Crepes

; Hutchings, Rosa Sá Gomes

; Ale-Rocha, Rosaly

; Santos, Sandra Duque dos

; Lima, Sheila Pereira de

; Mahlmann, Thiago

; Silva, Vera Cristina

; Fernandes, Daniell Rodrigo Rodrigues

Revista Brasileira de Entomologia

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2020, Volumen 64 Nº 3 elocation e20200052

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Hexapods, commonly known as insects, are a neglected taxonomic group in the Fernando de Noronha archipelago, with unanswered questions about their species richness and the ecological processes in which they are involved (e.g., colonization, introduction, establishment, and extinction). Herein, we provide an updated Hexapod checklist with current nomenclatural combinations. The entomofauna of the Fernando de Noronha archipelago is currently composed of 453 species in 21 orders. The orders, and their respective number of species, are: Blattaria (9), Coleoptera (118), Collembola (29), Dermaptera (3), Diplura (1), Diptera (134), Embioptera (1), Hemiptera (29), Hymenoptera (59), Isoptera (2), Lepidoptera (25), Mantodea (1), Neuroptera (3), Odonata (5), Orthoptera (11), Phasmatodea (1), Phthiraptera (6), Psocoptera (3), Siphonaptera (1), Thysanoptera (10), and Zygentoma (2). The archipelago has 263 new taxon records (family + genera + species). Thirty-eight species (3.39%) were described from local specimens and most of them are likely endemic species. This study more than doubles our knowledge (from the previous 190 records) of the entomofauna in this large Brazilian archipelago. This study also provides a baseline for studies on its conservation status and for implementing future environmental management programs.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-rbent-2020-0052 2462 descargas

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