Abstract Toxoplasma gondii is a coccidian that infects almost all warm-blooded animals, including birds. Rocas Atoll Biological Reserve, located in the northeast of Brazil, is the only atoll in the South Atlantic, and home to the largest population of seabirds in the western Atlantic. In this study the occurrence of T. gondii antibodies in seabirds from Rocas Atoll were determined. Birds were manually captured, blood samples were taken, and antibodies detected by the modified agglutination test (>5). In total, 267 birds of seven species belonging to three families (Sternidae, Fregatidae and Sulidae) and two orders (Charadriiformes and Suliformes) were sampled. Out of the 267 samples, 20 (7.3%) were seropositive: nine out of 48 brown noddies (Anous stolidus), one out of 26 black noddies (Anous minutus), three out of 20 magnificent frigatebirds (Fregata magnificens), five out of 95 sooty terns (Onychoprion fuscatus) and two out of 20 red-footed boobies (Sula sula). None of the 33 masked boobies (Sula dactylatra) and the 25 brown boobies (Sula leucogaster) were seropositive. The antibody titers were 5 (n=6), 10 (n=4), 20 (n=3), 40 (n=6) and 160 (n=1). Due to the uniqueness of this environment, monitoring the seabirds is suggested to maintaining this Conservation Unit. warmblooded warm blooded animals Reserve Brazil Atlantic T determined captured taken >5. >5 . (>5) total Sternidae, Sternidae (Sternidae Sulidae Charadriiformes Suliformes sampled 2 7.3% 73 7 3 (7.3% seropositive 4 Anous stolidus, stolidus , stolidus) minutus, minutus minutus) Fregata magnificens, magnificens magnificens) 9 Onychoprion fuscatus redfooted red footed Sula sula. sula sula) dactylatra leucogaster n=6, n6 n n=6 6 1 n=4, n4 n=4 (n=4) n=3, n3 n=3 (n=3) (n=6 16 n=1. n1 n=1 (n=1) environment Unit > (>5 7.3 (7.3 n= (n=4 (n=3 (n= (n=1 (> 7. (7. (n ( (7

Resumo Toxoplasma gondii é um coccídio que infecta quase todos os animais de sangue quente, incluindo aves. A Reserva Biológica do Atol das Rocas, localizada no Nordeste do Brasil, é o único atol do Atlântico Sul que abriga a maior população de aves marinhas tropicais do oeste do Oceano Atlântico. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a ocorrência de anticorpos anti-T. gondii em aves marinhas do Atol das Rocas que foram capturadas manualmente. Amostras de sangue foram obtidas e anticorpos avaliados pelo teste de aglutinação modificado (>5). Foram amostradas 267 aves de sete espécies, pertencentes a três famílias (Sternidae, Fregatidae e Sulidae) e duas ordens (Charadriiformes e Suliformes). Das 267 aves, 20 (7,3%) foram soropositivas sendo: nove das 48 viuvinhas-marrons (Anous stolidus), uma das 26 viuvinhas-negras (Anous minutus), três das 20 fragatas (Fregata magnificens), cinco dos 95 trinta-réis-das-rocas (Onychoprion fuscatus) e dois dos 20 atobás-de-pés-vermelhos (Sula sula). Nenhum dos 33 atobás grandes (Sula dactylatra) e dos 25 atobás-pardos (Sula leucogaster) estavam soropositivos. Os títulos de anticorpos foram 5 (n=6), 10 (n=4), 20 (n=3), 40 (n=6) e 160 (n=1). Devido à singularidade deste ambiente, o monitoramento dessas aves marinhas é sugerido para promover uma abordagem de Saúde Única nesta Unidade de Conservação. quente Brasil antiT. antiT anti T. T anti-T manualmente >5. >5 . (>5) espécies Sternidae, Sternidae (Sternidae Sulidae Charadriiformes Suliformes. Suliformes Suliformes) 2 7,3% 73 7 3 (7,3% sendo 4 viuvinhasmarrons viuvinhas marrons Anous stolidus, stolidus , stolidus) viuvinhasnegras negras minutus, minutus minutus) Fregata magnificens, magnificens magnificens) 9 trintaréisdasrocas trinta réis rocas Onychoprion fuscatus atobásdepésvermelhos pés vermelhos Sula sula. sula sula) dactylatra atobáspardos pardos leucogaster soropositivos n=6, n6 n n=6 6 1 n=4, n4 n=4 (n=4) n=3, n3 n=3 (n=3) (n=6 16 n=1. n1 n=1 (n=1) ambiente Conservação > (>5 7,3 (7,3 n= (n=4 (n=3 (n= (n=1 (> 7, (7, (n ( (7

ABSTRACT The Paranaguá Estuarine Complex (PEC) is internationally recognized for its economic, social, and environmental relevance. It is designated as a World Heritage site and part of selected wetland areas that protect and conserve biodiversity, especially waterbirds. However, it has historically been under pressure from human activities, and the information about waterbirds that use the region is fragmented. Thus, with this study, we sought to establish a baseline for the waterbirds using the bays of the PEC, considering aspects such as species richness, abundance, and conservation status. On board a boat, we conducted monthly surveys from March 2020 to February 2021 along 36 transects equally distributed among the three main bays of the PEC. We recorded 46 species distributed across 17 families and eight orders. The order Charadriiformes displayed the highest number of species, totaling 19. Among them, the Neotropic Cormorant, identified as Nannopterum brasilianum, stood out with the highest number of occurrences. Furthermore, we documented eight migratory species from the Northern Hemisphere, including Calidris pussilla, the Semipalmated Sandpiper, considered near threatened by the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List. Additionally, we observed seven other species classified under some threat of extinction. Our results revealed that the PEC harbors a rich and diverse assemblage of waterbirds consisting of resident and migratory species, many of which are at some risk of population decline. Therefore, we reinforce the importance of continuous monitoring in the region, which can serve as a basis for public policies, supporting management and conservation strategies focused on waterbirds and the wetlands on which they depend. (PEC economic social relevance biodiversity However activities fragmented Thus study richness abundance status boat 202 3 4 1 orders 19 them Cormorant brasilianum occurrences Furthermore Hemisphere pussilla Sandpiper List Additionally extinction decline Therefore policies depend 20 2

Abstract Coastal habitats are important feeding grounds for migratory shorebirds, which turns the coast of Piauí State into an important region for birds’ migration cycle. This study aimed to identify migratory shorebirds, analyze their patterns of habitat preference on coastal Piauí State, Brazil, and identify classes of invertebrates found in foraging sites. In total, 23,829 records of migratory shorebirds belonging to 15 species were found at feeding sites, presenting significant segregation between different foraging substrates (F1,23 = 8.41; p = 0.001). Limnodromus griseus (56.5±98.42; p > 0.001), Numenius hudsonicus (35.96±37.37; p > 0.001), and Calidris canutus (34.4±80.84; p < 0. 001) were the species accounting for the highest densities in muddy substrate. Calidris pusilla (77.37±178.02; p > 0.001), Charadrius semipalmatus (66±142.17: p > 0.001), and Calidris alba (56.5±181.24; p > 0.001) were the most significant species in sandy-muddy substrate. Birds’ lowest density was observed in sandy habitat, but C. alba (22.41±40.9) recorded the highest density in this substrate. Overall, most shorebirds (92.8 %) preferred foraging substrates presenting higher concentration of fine particles (silt, clay, and fine sand). Invertebrates belonging to classes Polychaeta, Gastropoda, Bivalvia, and Malacostraca prevailed in these sites. Therefore, substrate type and prey composition are factors influencing the density of migratory shorebirds in foraging sites. In addition, this region witnesses the occurrence of endangered species, and it reinforces the importance of these feeding sites for them during their migration to Brazil’s coastal region. birds cycle Brazil total 23829 23 829 23,82 1 F1,23 F123 F F1 (F1,2 8.41 841 8 41 0.001. 0001 0.001 . 0 001 56.5±98.42 5659842 56 5 98 42 (56.5±98.42 0.001, , 35.96±37.37 35963737 35 96 37 (35.96±37.37 34.4±80.84 3448084 34 4 80 84 (34.4±80.84 77.37±178.02 773717802 77 178 02 (77.37±178.02 66±142.17 6614217 66 142 17 (66±142.17 56.5±181.24 56518124 181 24 (56.5±181.24 sandymuddy Birds C 22.41±40.9 2241409 22 40 9 (22.41±40.9 Overall 92.8 928 92 (92. % silt, silt (silt clay sand. sand sand) Polychaeta Gastropoda Bivalvia Therefore addition Brazils s 2382 2 82 23,8 F1,2 F12 (F1, 8.4 000 0.00 00 56.5±98.4 565984 (56.5±98.4 35.96±37.3 3596373 3 (35.96±37.3 34.4±80.8 344808 (34.4±80.8 77.37±178.0 77371780 7 (77.37±178.0 66±142.1 661421 6 14 (66±142.1 56.5±181.2 5651812 18 (56.5±181.2 22.41±40. 224140 (22.41±40. 92. (92 238 23, F1, (F1 8. 0.0 56.5±98. 56598 (56.5±98. 35.96±37. 359637 (35.96±37. 34.4±80. 34480 (34.4±80. 77.37±178. 7737178 (77.37±178. 66±142. 66142 (66±142. 56.5±181. 565181 (56.5±181. 22.41±40 22414 (22.41±40 (9 (F 56.5±98 5659 (56.5±98 35.96±37 35963 (35.96±37 34.4±80 3448 (34.4±80 77.37±178 773717 (77.37±178 66±142 6614 (66±142 56.5±181 56518 (56.5±181 22.41±4 2241 (22.41±4 ( 56.5±9 565 (56.5±9 35.96±3 3596 (35.96±3 34.4±8 344 (34.4±8 77.37±17 77371 (77.37±17 66±14 661 (66±14 56.5±18 5651 (56.5±18 22.41± 224 (22.41± 56.5± (56.5± 35.96± 359 (35.96± 34.4± (34.4± 77.37±1 7737 (77.37±1 66±1 (66±1 56.5±1 (56.5±1 22.41 (22.41 56.5 (56.5 35.96 (35.96 34.4 (34.4 77.37± 773 (77.37± 66± (66± 22.4 (22.4 56. (56. 35.9 (35.9 34. (34. 77.37 (77.37 (66 22. (22. (56 35. (35. (34 77.3 (77.3 (6 (22 (5 (35 (3 77. (77. (2 (77 (7

Abstract: Individuals of Laridae family play an important role in functional ecology of marine and coastal environments, and have been described as bioindicators of ichthyofauna, however, knowledge about these birds in southwestern Gulf of Mexico is limited. The objective of the present study was to study Laridae family assemblages and migratory patterns along Barra Norte beach coastline, Veracruz State, southwestern Gulf of Mexico. During 2014-2015 winter migratory season, three monthly samplings were conducted along 1 km x 600 m line transects. The assemblages were approached through diversity indices (Pielou's equity, Simpson's dominance and true diversity) and dominant species (characterized by a percentage similarity analysis). Migration was studied with a partial canonical correspondence analysis. A total of 3,314 organisms grouped into 14 species were recorded. Equity was highest in April and dominance in February. The dominant species were Leucophaeus atricilla, Thalasseus maximus, T. acuflavidus and Hydroprogne caspia. Three migratory patterns were found and coincide with the rainy, northerly and dry seasons. Each pattern contains particular species assemblages. The first pattern occurs from August to October 2014 (Sterna hirundo, T. acuflavidus and Chlidonias niger), the second from November 2014 to February 2015 (Larus delawarensis, L. californicus, L. argentatus smithsonianus, L. atricilla, H. caspia and Rissa trydactila) and the last one covers April and May 2015 (Rynchops niger, Sternula antillarum and L. pipixcan). Results establish that larids community assemblage is composed of a multiple migratory pattern.

Resumen: Los representantes de la familia Laridae tienen un rol importante en la ecología funcional de los ambientes marinos y costeros, por lo que han sido descritos como bioindicadores de la ictiofauna, sin embargo, el conocimiento sobre estas aves en el suroeste del golfo de México es limitado. El objetivo del presente estudio fue estudiar los ensambles y patrones migratorios de la familia Laridae en la línea costera de la playa Barra Norte, Estado de Veracruz, suroeste del golfo de México. Durante la temporada migratoria invernal 2014-2015 se realizaron tres muestreos mensuales a través de transectos lineales de 1 km x 600 m. Los ensambles se abordaron a través de índices de diversidad (equidad de Pielou, dominancia de Simpson y de diversidad verdadera) y especies dominantes (caracterizadas por un análisis de similitud porcentual). Con un análisis de correspondencia canónico parcial se estudió su migración. Se registraron 3.314 organismos agrupados en 14 especies. La equidad fue más alta en abril y la dominancia en febrero. Las especies dominantes fueron Leucophaeus atricilla, Thalasseus maximus, T. acuflavidus e Hydroprogne caspia. Se encontraron tres patrones migratorios que coinciden con las temporadas de lluvias, nortes y secas. Cada patrón contiene particulares ensambles de especies. El primer patrón ocurre de agosto a octubre 2014 (Sterna hirundo, T. acuflavidus y Chlidonias niger), el segundo de noviembre 2014 a febrero 2015 (Larus delawarensis, L. californicus, L. argentatus smithsonianus, L. atricilla, H. caspia y Rissa tridactyla), y el último abarca abril y mayo 2015 (Rynchops niger, Sternula antillarum y L. pipixcan). Los resultados establecen que el ensamblaje comunitario de los láridos se compone de un patrón migratorio múltiple.

Abstract Ecto and endoparasites of four species of coastal birds, Haematopus ater, Larus dominicanus, Leucophaeus scoresbii (Charadriiformes), and Lophonetta specularioides (Anseriformes), are reported from Puerto Deseado on the Patagonian coast, Argentina. Only H. ater was infested with lice (Phthiraptera), belonging to 2 species (Ischnocera, Amblycera). A total of 19 helminth species were found parasitizing the coastal birds studied: 4 cestodes (1 Tetrabothriidae, 3 Cyclophyllidea); 11 trematodes (2 Gymnophallidae, 3 Microphallidae, 2 Notocotylidae, 1 Philophthalmidae, 2 Renicolidae, 1 Schistosomatidae); 3 nematodes (1 Anisakidae, 2 Acuariidae); and 1 acanthocephalan (Polymorphidae). Although some isolated records have been previously reported for these birds, the present work provides a parasitofauna study for H. ater, L. scoresbii, and L. specularioides for the first time. Endoparasites reflected the feeding habits of the birds; the parasite assemblage of L. dominicanus was the richest, indicating their wide prey spectrum and the diversity of the habitats frequented. A great species richness of trematodes, whose life cycles are partially known, suggests that L. specularioides feeds upon crustaceans and small bivalves. The blackish oystercatcher H. ater preys upon the limpet Nacella magellanica which hosts two larval trematodes corresponding to the adults found parasitizing it. Charadriiformes, Charadriiformes , (Charadriiformes) Anseriformes, Anseriformes (Anseriformes) coast Argentina H Phthiraptera, Phthiraptera (Phthiraptera) Ischnocera, Ischnocera (Ischnocera Amblycera. Amblycera . Amblycera) studied ( Tetrabothriidae Cyclophyllidea Cyclophyllidea) Gymnophallidae Microphallidae Notocotylidae Philophthalmidae Renicolidae Schistosomatidae Schistosomatidae) Anisakidae Acuariidae Acuariidae) Polymorphidae. Polymorphidae (Polymorphidae) L time richest frequented known bivalves it (Charadriiformes (Anseriformes (Phthiraptera (Polymorphidae

Abstract The Black Skimmer (Rynchops niger) and the Large-billed Tern (Phaetusa simplex) are two migratory waterbirds that breed simultaneously on many river beaches in South America. Both are polytypic taxa with little information about the distribution and nonbreeding (“wintering”) areas. Based on data from the literature, citizen science websites, fieldwork, and specimens housed in natural history museums, we revised the distribution of some of the main breeding colonies in South America, comparing it with continental rainy cycles to identify generalities about the role of precipitation seasonality on the defining intratropical migration routes of these species. Our data suggest that the seasonal precipitation cycle of South America directly influences the reproductive timing and distribution of both species, which is largely circumscribed by South America’s rivers. After breeding on sandy beaches during the dry season, both species disperse in small groups or even individually - not in large flocks as seen in breeding areas - making it difficult to find general migration patterns during the rainy season. Nonetheless, individuals of both species tend to follow the course of the largest rivers of the continent and even alternative routes to disperse into several areas throughout South America during the nonbreeding season. Rynchops niger Largebilled Large billed Phaetusa simplex wintering (“wintering” literature websites fieldwork museums Americas s season Nonetheless (“wintering

ABSTRACT: Helminths are an important component of biodiversity with over 24,000 species parasitising wild birds globally, with this figure on the rise given the growing interest in wildlife parasitology. The present study aimed to establish an updated baseline of the helminthological surveys on wild birds from Chile. Available publications were reviewed to build a parasite-host association checklist and also to discuss the state of knowledge regarding these parasites. A total of 92 publications were found between the years 1892 and 2019. Regarding helminth parasites, 174 taxa belonging to 3 phyla and 37 families were recorded, 114 taxa were identified at species level, with the rest remaining incompletely described. Also, 4 taxa corresponded to new genera and 16 to new at species for science. The most reported parasites were platyhelminthes (53.9%) followed by nematodes (36.2%) and acanthocephalans (9.2%). Sixty-five avian species from 19 orders have been recorded as hosts, with most of them having been studied only once (64.6%). Out of these, the order Charadriiformes had the highest number of publications (n=23). In the case of the avian species present in the country, 14.2% of native, 40% of endemic and 22.2% of exotic species have been recorded hosting helminths. Regarding heteroxenous parasites, only 2 species have had their life cycles elucidated. Among the methodologies used for parasitic identification, 48.9% of the studies used morphological tools, 5.4% used molecular tools and 4.3% used both tools. For that reason, there are evident gaps in the data concerning the hosts sampled, methodologies and issues related to the biology of parasites such as life cycles, among others. In this sense, the need for specialists and cooperative research becomes indispensable to improve our understanding of helminths.

Abstract Wilson’s Plover, Charadrius wilsonia, is widely distributed in coastal areas of the Americas. This report presents the first record of breeding in this species on Coroa do Avião Island, on the coast of Pernambuco, and in the estuary of the Cardoso and Camurupim rivers, on the coast of Piauí, in northeastern Brazil, extending the known area of reproduction of this species in this region. One breeding pair was observed on October 29th 2014 on Coroa do Avião Island, and a second pair was recorded on April 6th 2016 in the Cardoso/Camurupim estuary on the Piauí coast. Both the male and the female contributed to the incubation of the eggs. The nest on Coroa do Avião island was camouflaged by the local vegetation, but despite this, the eggs were attacked by a predator. Possible predators observed on the island included Caracara plancus and domestic cats and dogs. Wilsons Wilson s Plover wilsonia Americas Island Pernambuco rivers Brazil region th 201 CardosoCamurupim vegetation predator dogs 20 2

Resumo Charadrius wilsonia (Wilson’s Plover) está amplamente distribuído pela costa das Américas. Este é o primeiro registro de reprodução no litoral de Pernambuco, Coroa do Avião, e no estuário dos rios Cardoso e Camurupim, litoral do Piauí, Brasil, ampliando a área de reprodução no Nordeste do Brasil. Foi encontrado um casal em período reprodutivo em 23 de outubro de 2014 na ilha Coroa do Avião, litoral de Pernambuco e outro registro em 06 de abril de 2016 nos estuários Cardoso e Camurupim, litoral do Piauí. Foi observado que o macho e a fêmea contribuem na incubação dos ovos. A vegetação na ilha contribui para a camuflagem do ninho, bem como na proteção dos ovos pelos predadores. Apesar da proteção ocorreu a predação do ninho na ilha Coroa do Avião. Alguns possíveis predadores foram registrados na ilha, como Caracara plancus que diariamente frequentam a área e animais domésticos como cães e gatos. Wilsons Wilson s Plover Américas Avião Camurupim Piauí Brasil 2 201 0 gatos 20

Abstract The order Charadriiformes comprises three major clades: Lari and Scolopaci as sister group to Charadrii. Until now, only three Charadriiformes species have been studied by chromosome painting: Larus argentatus (Lari), Burhinus oedicnemus and Vanellus chilensis (Charadrii). Hence, there is a lack of information concerning the third clade, Scolapaci. Based on this, and to gain a better understanding of karyotype evolution in the order Charadriiformes, we applied conventional and molecular cytogenetic approaches in a species belonging to clade Scolopaci - the wattled jacana (Jacana jacana) - using Gallus gallus and Zenaida auriculata chromosome-specific probes. Cross-species evaluation of J. jacana chromosomes shows extensive genomic reshuffling within macrochromosomes during evolution, with multiple fission and fusion events, although the diploid number remains at high level (2n=82). Interestingly, this species does not have the GGA7-8 fusion, which was found in two representatives of Charadrii clade, reinforcing the idea that this fusion may be exclusive to the Charadrii clade. In addition, it is shown that the chromosome evolution in Charadriiformes is complex and resulted in species with typical and atypical karyotypes. The karyotypic features of Scolopaci are very different from those of Charadrii and Lari, indicating that after divergence, each suborder has undergone different chromosome rearrangements.

Abstract New species records strengthen knowledge of biodiversity and are evidence that understanding of biodiversity is still partial, especially in areas where diversity is high. It is important to continue collecting information that contributes to strengthening the knowledge of biota and the benefits derived from it. In this study we recorded the Sandwich Tern (Thalasseus sandvicensis) at two locations on the coast of Guerrero. The first locality was at Carrizal de Cinta Larga, municipality of Tecpan de Galeana, on February 2010, December 2012, August and December 2013 and January 2015. The second location was in Casa de Piedra beach, municipality of Marquelia, on December 2011. The species is not included in the avifaunistic list of Guerrero. Our records confirm the presence of the species at these locations.

Resumen Los registros nuevos de especies fortalecen el conocimiento de la biodiversidad y son la evidencia de que la comprensión de ésta es aún parcial, especialmente en áreas donde la diversidad es alta. Es importante seguir generando información que contribuya a robustecer la comprensión de la biota y los servicios que de ella derivan. En este estudio reportamos al charrán de Sandwich (Thalasseus sandvicensis) en dos localidades de la costa de Guerrero. Una localidad fue en Carrizal de Cinta Larga, municipio de Tecpan de Galeana, en febrero de 2010, diciembre de 2012, agosto y diciembre de 2013 y enero de 2015; y la otra en playa Casa de Piedra, municipio de Marquelia, en diciembre de 2011. La especie no está incluida en el listado avifaunístico de Guerrero. Nuestros registros confirman la presencia de la especie en la entidad.

RESUMO: A migração é um evento observado em vários animais, como as aves limícolas que se deslocam entre os hemisférios norte e sul, durante os intervalos de reprodução e invernada. Adaptações morfofisiológicas são necessárias para permitir a manutenção dos ciclos migratórios e, portanto, estudos com esse enfoque podem ajudar a esclarecer aspectos biológicos relacionados à migração. Analisamos a variação morfológica nos músculos peitorais e mucosa intestinal de Calidris pusilla, durante diferentes fases do período de invernada no litoral brasileiro. Fragmentos de músculos peitorais e duodenais foram coletados, fixados e processados para histologia de acordo com o procedimento padrão, a partir de espécimes capturados na localidade da costa brasileira. O dinamismo estrutural registrado caracteriza o crescimento da musculatura de vôo e as alterações intestinais relacionadas à nutrição. As mudanças nos parâmetros medidos entre as três fases do inverno, chegada ao Brasil (outubro, meio período), janeiro e saída para o Hemisfério Norte. Tais mudanças ocorrem temporariamente devido às atividades de preparação e migração entre os hemisférios norte e sul.

ABSTRACT: Migration is an event observed in several animals, such as shorebirds moving between the northern and southern hemispheres, during breeding and wintering intervals. Morphophysiological adaptations are necessary to allow the maintenance of migratory cycles and, therefore, studies with this focus can help clarify biological aspects related to migration. We analyzed the morphology variation in pectoral muscles and intestinal mucosa of Calidris pusilla, during different phases of the wintering period on the coast of Brazil. Fragments of pectoral muscles and duodenal were collected, fixed and processed for histology according to standard procedure, from specimens captured in a locality on the Brazilian coast. Modifications were found in the measured parameters among the three phases of wintering, arrival in Brazil (October, mid-period), January and departure to the Northern Hemisphere - May. The registered structural dynamism characterizes the growth of flight musculature and intestinal changes related to nutrition. Such changes occur temporarily due to the activities of preparation and migration between the northern and southern hemispheres.

Abstract: Coastal riverine environments provide food and shelter for a great variety of birds. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the diversity, status, habitat type, seasonality and connectivity of birds in ve coastal riparian environments in Tuxpan, Veracruz. For this purpose, from December 2012 to October 2014 912 transects of 1 km in length and 100 m in width were made in the riparian environments of Rio Tuxpan, Laguna de Tampamachoco, Estero de Tumilco and Jacome, and the coastline. The identication of species, status, habitat and seasonality was obtained from specialized literature. Connectivity was established through alpha diversity, the Whitaker index, and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). A total of 15 orders, 42 families, 108 genera and 150 species were identied. The Passeriformes (43 %), Charadriiformes (18 %) and Pelecaniformes (9 %) orders stood out for their species number. Of the species recorded, two are categorized as endangered, two as threatened and eight are under the special protection criterion. Regarding proportional richness, land birds (59.9 %) were rst followed by marine birds (20.4 %) and coastal birds (19.7 %). In relation to seasonality, the most important proportional richness was reproductive residents (43.4 %), followed by winter visitors (33.6 %) and transients (19.7 %). The CCA indicated about 60 % shared species, and the Whitaker index was 2.45. The distribution and interconnectivity patterns detected may be useful in developing management and conservation plans for the coastal ecosystems of Tuxpan, Veracruz.

Resumen: Los ambientes ribereños costeros son una fuente de alimento y refugio para una gran diversidad de aves. Por lo anterior, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la diversidad, vulnerabilidad, hábitat, estacionalidad y conectividad de aves en cinco ambientes ribereños de Tuxpan, Veracruz. De diciembre de 2012 a octubre de 2014 se realizaron 912 transectos de 1 km de largo y 100 m de ancho en la ribera del río Tuxpan, la laguna de Tampamachoco, los esteros de Tumilco y Jácome, y en la línea costera. La identificación de las especies, vulnerabilidad, hábitat y estacionalidad se obtuvo de la literatura especializada; la conectividad se estableció por medio de la diversidad alfa, el índice de Whitaker y análisis de correspondencia canónico (ACC). Se identificaron 15 órdenes, 42 familias, 108 géneros y 150 especies. Por la diversidad destacan los órdenes Passeriformes (43 %), Charadriiformes (18 %) y Pelecaniformes (9 %); de las especies registradas dos se categorizan en peligro de extinción, dos como amenazadas y ocho en protección especial. Por la riqueza especifica las aves terrestres (59.9 %) son más importantes que las costeras (19.7 %) y marinas (20.4 %). Con relación a la estacionalidad se presentan más residentes reproductivos (43.4 %) que visitantes invernales (33.6 %) y transeúntes (19.7 %). El ACC indica un 60 % de especies compartidas, por lo que el índice de Whitaker fue de 2.45. Los patrones de distribución e interconectividad detectados pueden utilizarse para elaborar planes de manejo y conservación de los ecosistemas costeros de Tuxpan, Veracruz.

ABSTRACT The Pantanal is the world's largest wetland biome with a seasonal flood pulse that attracts a great diversity of birds, many of which are migratory. Birds can be natural reservoirs Influenza A, West Nile and Newcastle Disease viruses. However, the occurrence of carriers for these viruses in the Pantanal was not verified yet. The present study evaluated the occurrence of natural infection by Influenza A, WN and ND virus of birds in the municipality of Poconé, a subregion of the Pantanal in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. A total of 76 birds belonging to 11 orders and 20 families were captured using mist nets. The most representative order was Passeriformes, followed by the other nine orders, which included Columbiformes, Psittaciformes, Charadriiformes and Anseriformes. The most representative family was Thamnophilidae, with 16 individuals (21.0%), followed by the family Tyrannidae with 10 individuals (7.6%) and the family Furnariidae, with eight individuals (10.5%). The bird species were identified, and cloacal and tracheal swab samples were collected. The samples were subjected to RNA extraction and tested for the presence of the three agents by real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). All the sampled birds were considered healthy, had no clinical sign of infection, and were tested negative for the three viruses. Based on our findings, we can conclude that Influenza, West Nile and Newcastle Disease viruses were absent from the samples in this region of the Pantanal wetlands during the period of this study.

Coastal landscapes of central Chile are important places for species of resident and migratory shorebirds. Estuarine environments are critical habitats that provide resting places and food resources for large concentrations of shorebirds to replenish their energy during their migration. We hypothesized that shorebirds choose particular habitats based on food availability in a tidal wetland of Aconcagua River, central Chile. We evaluated composition and abundance of benthic ensemble in foraging areas, and its local spatial distributions in these foraging areas. The main prediction was that selected trophic items may reflect the main distribution of shorebirds. The total benthic invertebrates registered were 11,514 individuals, corresponding to 25 taxa, being crustaceans, polychaetes, oligochaetes, and insects the major taxonomic groups. The total and foraging shorebirds registered were 2,105 and 1,136 individuals, respectively; corresponding to 18 species belonged to 4 Families: Charadriidae, Haematopodidae, Recurvirostridae and Scolopacidae. Tidal flats around the study site exhibit non-random spatial distributions of feeding shorebirds, responding to food availability within the Aconcagua river wetland. Our integrated analysis showed significant differences between tidal flat areas based on abundance and composition of benthic trophic items (mediated by sediment characteristics), and some relationships between foraging shorebirds and trophic items in particular tidal flat areas. These results have implications for shorebird conservation and future wetland management, mainly in relation to environmental changes and other causes of habitat loss and destruction linked with worldwide decline in many shorebird populations.

Los ambientes costeros de Chile central son sitios importantes para playeros residentes y migratorios. Los ambientes estuarinos son hábitats críticos que proveen sitios de descanso y recursos alimentarios para playeros que recuperan energía durante su migración. Se hipotetizó que los playeros escogen hábitats específicos en el humedal del Río Aconcagua, Chile central, basados en la disponibilidad de alimento. Para probar esta hipótesis se evaluó la composición, abundancia y distribución espacial del ensamble bentónico en áreas de alimentación. La predicción principal fue que el tipo de alimento reflejaría la distribución espacial de playeros. El total de invertebrados bentónicos fue 11.514 individuos, correspondiente a 25 taxa, siendo crustáceos, poliquetos, oligoquetos e insectos los grupos taxonómicos mayores. El total de playeros fue 2.105, y 1.136 individuos en actividad alimentaria correspondiente a 18 especies de las Familias Charadriidae, Haematopodidae, Recurvirostridae y Scolopacidae. Las planicies intermareales del área de estudio exhiben distribuciones espaciales no aleatorias de playeros en actividad alimentaria, relacionadas a la disponibilidad de alimento al interior del humedal del Río Aconcagua. El análisis integrado mostró diferencias significativas entre planicies intermareales basadas en la abundancia y composición del ensamble bentónico (mediado por las características del sedimento), y también algunas relaciones entre playeros en actividad alimentaria y grupos tróficos en planicies intermareales particulares. Estos resultados tienen implicancias para la conservación de playeros y la gestión de humedales, principalmente en relación a cambios ambientales, pérdida y destrucción de hábitat relacionados con la declinación de poblaciones de playeros a nivel mundial.

Resumo As concentrações de cádmio, cobalto, cromo, cobre, manganês, níquel, zinco e chumbo foram detectadas em penas de Maçarico-acanelado (Calidris subruficollis) capturados durante o período de invernada e analisados em relação a massa corporal. Destes metais analisados, somente os níveis de cobre (2,28 µg/g) foram correlacionados positivamente com a massa corporal dos indivíduos. Níveis de zinco apresentaram-se mais altos (67,97 µg/g) que outros metais e os níveis de cádmio apresentaram as menores concentrações (0,14 µg/g). As concentrações dos elementos-traços estão abaixo dos níveis de toxicidade em todos os testes químicos e sugerimos que isto provavelmente ocorre pela manutenção dos elementos essenciais através do mecanismo normal de homeostase e não reflete a exposição destes elementos durante a migração ou nas áreas de invernada.

Abstract Cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, manganese, nickel, zinc and lead concentrations were detected in feathers of Buff-breasted Sandpipers (Calidris subruficollis) captured during the non-breeding season and analyzed with relationship to body mass. Of these metals tested for, only copper levels (2.28 µg/g) were positively correlated with bird body mass. Zinc levels showed higher concentration (67.97 µg/g) than the other metals, and cadmium levels showed the lowest concentration (0.14 µg/g). Trace element concentrations were below toxicity levels for all tested chemicals and we suggest that this probably reflects that essential elements are maintained there by normal homeostatic mechanism and that no excessive environmental exposure to these elements during migration or on the wintering area is suggested by these results.