Abstract Introduction: Evidence suggests that herbivores, such as peccaries, shape vegetation structure and diversity through predation, trampling, dispersal, and rooting behavior. Objective: To evaluate the impact of peccaries (Dycotiles tajacu) on the understory vegetation of the tropical rainforest in the Nogal-La Selva Local Biological Corridor, Costa Rica, comparing a site with the absence of peccaries to another with the presence of these animals. Methodology: From June to November 2021, 20 experimental exclusions and 20 free access plots, each measuring 2 m2 were used to quantify herbivory, the number of leaf blades, damaged leaves, healthy leaves, sapling height, and fallen biomass at both sites. Results: A higher sapling density was found in the Nogal Reserve, but a lower sapling diversity, while in La Selva there was a higher sapling diversity, but a lower density of seedlings. Herbivory and sapling height in La Selva exceeded those in Nogal. The exclusion of peccaries reduced seedling damage but did not affect the dynamics of fallen biomass. Conclusion: For the design, implementation, and evaluation of the effectiveness of biological corridors, it is crucial to consider plant-animal interactions to enhance the flow of ecological processes through functional and structural connectivity, analyzed from interactions such as those presented in this paper.

Resumen Introducción: Existe evidencia que herbívoros, como los saínos, dan forma a la estructura y diversidad de la vegetación a través del comportamiento de depredación, pisoteo, dispersión y enraizamiento. Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto de los saínos (Dycotiles tajacu) en la vegetación del sotobosque del bosque tropical húmedo en el Corredor Biológico Local Nogal-La Selva, Costa Rica, en un sitio con ausencia y en otro con presencia de saínos. Métodos: De junio a noviembre de 2021 se utilizaron 20 exclusiones experimentales y 20 parcelas de acceso libre de 2 m2, se cuantifico la herbivoría, número de láminas foliares, hojas dañadas, hojas sanas, altura de brinzales y biomasa caída en ambos sitios. Resultados: Se encontró una mayor densidad de brinzales en Reserva Nogal pero una menor diversidad, contrario en La Selva donde se encontró una mayor diversidad de brinzales, pero una menor densidad de plántulas. La herbivoría y la altura de brinzales en La Selva fue mayor que en Nogal. La exclusión de los saínos disminuyó el daño a las plántulas, pero no afectó la dinámica de la biomasa caída. Conclusión: Es necesario contemplar para el diseño, implementación y evaluación de la efectividad de corredores biológicos, las interacciones planta-animal, para potencializar el flujo de procesos ecológicos mediante la conectividad funcional y estructural, analizada a partir de interacciones como las presentadas en este trabajo.

Resumen Esta es una investigación base en la que se planteó el objetivo de estimar el Índice Aproximado de Sostenibilidad (IAS) en La Paz, San Ramón, Costa Rica. Para recopilar datos se aplicó un censo habitacional entre agosto de 2016 y marzo de 2017. El resultado del IAS fue 0,7856. los resultados reflejaron que en ocho indicadores poseen condición como muy aceptable, tres indicadores resultaron aceptable, dos indicadores en condición regular y uno de los indicadores se encuentra en condición totalmente inaceptable. El parámetro social obtuvo el índice parcial más bajo con 0,583, los parámetros ambiental y económico comparten un valor de 0,875, mientras el parámetro institucional alcanzó 0,75. La investigación marca un parámetro de partida para futuros estudios que permitan monitorear la sostenibilidad en la zona.

Abstract This is a base investigation in which the objective of estimating the Approximate Sustainability Index (IAS) in La Paz, San Ramón, Costa Rica was set. To collect data, a housing census was applied between August 2016 and March 2017. The IAS result was 0.7856. The results reflected that eight indicators have a very acceptable condition, three indicators were acceptable, two indicators in a regular condition and one of the indicators is in a totally unacceptable condition. The social parameter obtained the lowest partial index with 0.583, the environmental and economic parameters share a value of 0.875, while the institutional parameter reached 0.75. The research marks a starting parameter for future studies that allow monitoring sustainability in the area.

Abstract Roadkill is one of the most direct impacts on fauna, leading to numerous direct and indirect impacts. Road-killed animals could serve as a resource for research and teaching purposes, but first, they need to have their tissues preserved by some technique. Plastination is one of the most modern techniques for the conservation of biological tissues, its principle is the replacement of body fluids by a curable polymer, resulting in a non-toxic, odorless, and manipulable material. So the main aim of this work was to compose a collection of plastinated roadkill victims from the Biological Reserve Sooretama region, adapting the standard protocol to the different taxa worked here (Avialae, Reptilia, Amphibia, and Mammalia). For this, 42 animals were used, previously frozen and stored in the Sooretama Biological Reserve and Vale Natural Reserve until they were sent for processing. Upon arriving at the Plastination laboratory at the Federal University of Espírito Santo, the animals underwent the 4 stages of plastination: fixation, dehydration, forced impregnation, and chemical cure; some adaptations were made to improve the final specimens. The results proved that the plastination of these animals is extremely viable in generating satisfactory results. Given the results obtained, it becomes clear how plastination can become an alternative to implement in the composition of biological collections using roadkill animals. The animals prepared in this work comprise an unprecedented collection available for different applications, such as exhibitions, practical classes, and research. fauna Roadkilled Road killed purposes first technique polymer nontoxic, nontoxic non toxic, toxic non-toxic odorless material region Avialae, Avialae (Avialae Reptilia Amphibia Mammalia. Mammalia . Mammalia) used processing Santo fixation dehydration impregnation cure specimens obtained applications exhibitions classes

ABSTRACT Functional traits, short life cycles, and the pivotal role in the ocean make copepod diversity a solid foundation for assessing the effect of global changes in marine food webs and ecosystem functioning. Climate change and extreme events, particularly El Niño, can affect coastal ecosystems. The Arvoredo Marine Biological Reserve (MPA), located in highly productive coastal waters of the Southern Brazilian Bight, presents complex climate and oceanographic conditions. This study investigates the influence of oceanographic processes and El Niño 2015-2016 on the copepod functional diversity from 2014 to 2016 in the Arvoredo MPA. Horizontal tows were performed using a WP2 net with a mesh size of 200 µm. The 41 species accounted for 19 functional entities and four functional groups. Our findings reveal that the seasonal intrusion of water masses influenced copepod functional diversity. During summer, the upwelling of South Atlantic Central Water increased nutrient availability and favored large herbivore-omnivores and carnivores. The Plata Plume Water enrichment during winter coincided with a decline in functional richness and abundance, leading to the predominance of the Oithona nana, a small-sized omnivore. Compensatory mechanisms were observed as functional equivalence and species composition shifts. Acartia lilljeborgii and Temora turbinata exhibited functional equivalence and compensated for each other in response to salinity changes associated with upwelling and El Niño. The copepod assemblage demonstrated the ability to maintain functional diversity despite changes in copepod abundance. However, the decline in functional diversity and abundance during the intense winter indicated potential disruption in trophic dynamics and ecosystem functioning. Maintaining balance and compensating for disturbances such as El Niño is crucial for marine food web resilience. The functional trait approach provided a comprehensive understanding of the copepod assemblage in Arvoredo MPA, contributing to a broader knowledge of the impact of oceanographic processes intensification. Monitoring functional diversity and abundance is crucial for evaluating the effects of copepod assemblage changes in ecosystem functionings. traits cycles functioning events ecosystems MPA , (MPA) Bight conditions 20152016 2015 2015-201 201 WP 20 µm 4 1 groups summer herbivoreomnivores herbivore omnivores carnivores nana smallsized small sized omnivore shifts However resilience intensification functionings (MPA 2015201 2015-20 2 201520 2015-2 20152 2015-

ABSTRACT We sought to evaluate the floristic and structural variations between three areas with distinct backgrounds in the Sooretama Biological Reserve, remnantd of Lowland Atlantic Forest in Brazil. For vegetation sampling, 30 transects were established in three different areas: post-pasture (PAS), post-fire (FIR), and preserved (PRE) remnants, totaling a sample area of 0.3ha. All individuals in the woody layer with diameter at breast height ≥ 2.5cm were sampled. Variations in floristic composition were evaluated by means of NMDS, based on the presence or absence of species. There are clear variations between the three areas evaluated, in which the PRE area presents greater species richness, floristic diversity, and basal area, with parameters similar to forests of high diversity in northern Espírito Santo and southern Bahia. The performance of inventories and monitoring of the remnants of Lowland Atlantic Forests in neglected regions are fundamental for planning conservation and enrichment measures of these vegetations Reserve Brazil sampling 3 postpasture post pasture PAS, PAS , (PAS) postfire fire FIR, FIR (FIR) (PRE 03ha ha 0 3ha 0.3ha 25cm cm 2 5cm sampled NMDS richness Bahia (PAS (FIR

RESUMO Buscamos avaliar as variações florísticas e estruturais entre três áreas com origens distintas na Reserva Biológica de Sooretama. Para amostragem da vegetação, foram estabelecidos 30 transectos em três áreas distintas: pós-pasto (PAS), pós-fogo (FIR) e remanescentes conservados (PRE), totalizando uma área amostral de 0,3ha. Todos os indivíduos da camada lenhosa com diâmetro à altura do peito ≥ 2,5 cm foram amostrados. As variações na composição florística foram avaliadas por meio do NMDS, com base na presença ou ausência de espécies. Há claras variações entre as três áreas avaliadas, sendo que a área do PRE apresenta maior riqueza de espécies, diversidade florística e área basal, com parâmetros semelhantes às florestas de alta diversidade do norte do Espírito Santo e sul da Bahia. A realização de inventários e monitoramento dos remanescentes de Floresta Ombrófila Densa de Terras Baixas em regiões negligenciadas são fundamentais para o planejamento de medidas de conservação e enriquecimento dessas vegetações. Sooretama vegetação 3 póspasto pós pasto PAS, PAS , (PAS) pósfogo fogo FIR (FIR PRE, (PRE) 03ha ha 0 3ha 0,3ha 25 2 5 2, amostrados NMDS espécies basal Bahia vegetações (PAS (PRE

Abstract A new species of Cambeva occurring in the rio Piquiri and Ivaí, upper rio Paraná basin, Brazil, is described using the combination of morphological and molecular data. The new species is distinguished from most congeners by the presence of a notch in the posterior portion of the metapterygoid, number of branchiostegal rays, opercular and interopercular odontodes, and ribs. In addition, the results corroborated the existence of a single species with wide intraspecific variation in body coloration. The type-locality is within the area of influence of the Perobas Biological Reserve, a Conservation Unit in the Paraná State, composed of two Atlantic Forest physiognomic forms. Considering that the upper rio Paraná basin is an area of significant anthropic influence, it is crucial to describe and preserve species to understand their ichthyofauna. Ivaí Brazil data metapterygoid rays odontodes ribs addition coloration typelocality type locality Reserve State forms ichthyofauna

Resumo Uma espécie nova de Cambeva com ocorrência em tributários dos rios Piquiri e Ivaí, bacia do alto rio Paraná, Brasil, é descrita utilizando a combinação de dados morfológicos e moleculares. A espécie nova pode ser diferenciada de suas congêneres pela presença de um entalhe na porção posterior do metapterigóide, número de raios branquiostegais, odontódeos operculares e interoperculares, e de costelas. Além disso, os resultados corroboraram a existência de uma única espécie com ampla variação intraespecífica no padrão de coloração corporal. A localidade-tipo está situada na área de influência da Reserva Biológica das Perobas, uma Unidade de Conservação no estado do Paraná, composta por duas fisionomias vegetais da Mata Atlântica. Considerando que a bacia do alto rio Paraná é uma área de influência antrópica, é fundamental descrever e preservar suas espécies para conhecer sua ictiofauna. Ivaí Brasil moleculares metapterigóide branquiostegais interoperculares costelas disso corporal localidadetipo localidade tipo Perobas Atlântica antrópica ictiofauna

ABSTRACT Lontra longicaudis Olfers, 1818 is a widely distributed species in North, Central and South America. They are categorized as Near Threatened by the IUCN, but they are not under legal protection in Peru, where their documentation has been limited. Here we present occurrence data of this species inside the Manu Learning Centre biological station, in the Manu Biosphere Reserve from the period 2012 - 2022, and a suggestion about how to assess this species in the future, using already existing legal regulations.

RESUMEN Lontra longicaudis Olfers, 1818 es una especie ampliamente distribuida en el continente americano. Está categorizada como casi amenazada por la IUCN, pero no tiene protección legal en Perú. Donde ha sido escasamente reportada. Aquí presentamos datos de la ocurrencia de esta especie en la estación biológica Manu Learning Centre, en la Reserva de Biosfera del Manu del periodo 2012 - 2022, así como sugerencias de cómo evaluar esta especie en el futuro, usando las leyes vigentes.

Resumen Los aldehídos en el ambiente se encuentran entre la mayoría de los compuestos orgánicos que participan en las reacciones fotoquímicas en la atmósfera, formando principalmente radicales en cantidades significativas. Además, presentan efectos nocivos sobre la salud de los habitantes de las ciudades con atmósferas contaminadas, principalmente compuestos como el formaldehído y el acetaldehído. En el presente trabajo se determinó, durante el 2017, la concentración de siete aldehídos en muestras de aire y agua de lluvia en un área de conservación de Costa Rica, llamada Reserva Biológica Los Cusingos, ubicada en el Pacífico Sur, Pérez Zeledón. Para el muestreo y el análisis de los aldehídos se utilizó el método TO-11A (EPA). El muestreo utilizó con cartuchos de adsorción recubiertos con una disolución de 2,4-dinitrofenilhidracina (2,4-DNFH). Las muestras fueron cuantificadas por medio de un cromatógrafo líquido acoplado a un detector UV-Visible. Las mayores concentraciones de aldehídos en las muestras de aire corresponden a formaldehído (62.2 ± 3.1 μg/m3), acetaldehído (88.1 ± 4.9 μg/m3) y acroleína (102.2 ± 5.2 μg/m3) en un periodo de 4 horas. Se determinó que el heptanal fue el aldehído menos contribuyente a la cantidad de aldehídos totales, al encontrarse por debajo del límite de detección (< LC = 0.015 mg/L). Para las muestras de agua de lluvia, el único aldehído cuantificado fue el formaldehído cuya concentración osciló entre (0.00439 ± 0.0062 a 0.08 ± 0.13) mg/L. Los resultados obtenidos en la muestra de aire sugieren un aumento en la concentración de aldehídos correlacionados con la radiación solar y con la temperatura, sugiriendo como principal contribuyente las reacciones fotoquímicas que se llevan a cabo en el aire con hidrocarburos precursores para la generación de contaminantes secundarios.

Abstract Aldehydes in the environment are among most organic compounds that participate in photochemical reactions, mainly forming radicals in significant quantities. These have harmful effects on the health of the inhabitants of cities with polluted atmospheres, mainly formaldehyde and acetaldehyde. In the present work, the concentration of seven aldehydes in air and rainwater samples in a conservation area of Costa Rica (Los Cusingos Biological Reserve, located in the South Pacific, Pérez Zeledón) was determined during 2017. For the sampling and analysis of the aldehydes, the TO-11A (EPA) method was used. Sampling used adsorption cartridges coated with a 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (2,4-DNFH) solution. The samples were quantified by means of a liquid chromatograph coupled to a UV-Visible detector. The highest aldehyde concentrations in air samples correspond to formaldehyde (62.2 ± 3.1 μg/m3), acetaldehyde (88.1 ± 4.9 μg/m3) and acrolein (102.2 ± 5.2 μg/m3) during 4 hours of sampling. Heptanal was determined to be the least contributory aldehyde, as it was below the detection limit. The only aldehyde quantified in the rainwater samples was formaldehyde. The results obtained in the air sample suggest an increase in the concentration of aldehydes correlated with solar radiation and temperature, suggesting as the main contributor the photochemical reactions that take place in the air with precursor hydrocarbons.

Resumen Introducción: Actualmente, la biodiversidad está administrada principalmente por áreas protegidas, pero la proximidad con las actividades humanas genera conflictos, los cuales están poco estudiados en los trópicos. Objetivo: Estimar el conflicto entre humanos y vida silvestre en la zona de amortiguamiento de la Reserva Biológica Alberto Manuel Brenes, San Ramón, Costa Rica. Métodos: Entrevistamos a los propietarios o administradores de 59 fincas. Resultados: Registramos 540 incidentes, en su mayoría con mamíferos (N=479); los coyotes (Canis latrans) mataron 1 074 animales en 183 ataques en 12 granjas. También registramos conflictos con jaguar, Panthera onca, puma, Puma concolor, ocelote, Leopardus pardalis y tigrillo, Leopardus wiedii, que depredaron 261 animales domésticos. También se reportaron otros mamíferos y serpientes, especialmente la terciopelo, Bothrops asper. En seis ocasiones, los hechos se produjeron a más de 500m de una vivienda; sin embargo, la mayoría estaban a 0-25m de una casa (media 398m). Los campesinos han sacrificado pumas, coyotes, mapaches y serpientes y no hubo un control coordinado de instituciones, ONG y comunidades. Conclusión: Los coyotes son los animales salvajes más comúnmente involucrados y se necesita un esfuerzo coordinado que incluya tanto a las organizaciones como a las comunidades.

Abstract Introduction: Currently, biodiversity is mainly managed by protected areas, but proximity with human activities results in conflicts, which are poorly studied in the tropics. Objective: To estimate human-wildlife conflict in the buffer zone of the Alberto Manuel Brenes Biological Reserve, San Ramón, Costa Rica. Methods: We interviewed the owners or managers of 59 farms. Results: We recorded 540 incidents, mostly with mammals (N=479); coyotes (Canis latrans) killed 1 074 animals in 183 attacks at 12 farms. We also recorded conflicts with jaguar, Panthera onca, puma, Puma concolor, ocelot, Leopardus pardalis, and margay, Leopardus wiedii, which preyed on 261 domestic animals. Other mammals and snakes were also reported, especially the Fer-de-lance, Bothrops asper. In six occasions, the incidents took place over 500m from a house; however, most were 0-25m from a house (mean 398m). The farmers have sacrificed pumas, coyotes, raccoons and snakes and there was not a coordinated control effort from institutions, NGOs and communities. Conclusion: Coyotes are the most common wild animals involved and there is need for a coordinated effort that includes both organizations and communities.

Abstract The Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest is considered one of the world biodiversity hotspots, with high levels of endemism. Studies on the myxobiota of Atlantic Rainforest have been carried out mainly in the Northeast region of Brazil but the ground litter microhabitat has only been included in a few of these studies. This study aimed to record the composition and diversity of the myxobiota of the ground litter of Pedra Talhada Biological Reserve and to expanding the knowledge about the microbiota of Atlantic Rainforest. Samples of ground litter were collected at the end of the dry season and the beginning of the rainy season and 1,080 moist chambers were mounted. The identification of the specimens obtained were based on a morphological examination. Were obtained 86 specimens, identified, and registered in the UFP herbarium. Plasmodia and/ or sporocarps were recorded in 23.7% of the moist chambers. The inventory resulted in 13 new records for Alagoas raising the number of known species in the state to 61. Perichaena longipes and Stemonitopsis gracilis are registered for the first time in Northeast Brazil and in the Atlantic Rainforest, Macbrideola spinosispora is the first record for Brazil and Licea sp. is likely a new taxon. A key to identify the species occurring in Alagoas is presented, as well as, distribution and comments of the species in Brazil. hotspots endemism studies 1080 1 080 1,08 mounted examination 8 identified herbarium 237 23 7 23.7 61 sp taxon presented 108 08 1,0 2 23. 6 10 0 1,

Resumo A Floresta Atlântica brasileira é considerada um dos hotspots de biodiversidade mundial, com altos níveis de endemismo. Estudos sobre a mixobiota de Floresta Atlântica têm sido realizados principalmente na região Nordeste do Brasil, mas o folhedo de solo foi incluído em poucos desses estudos. O objetivo desse trabalho foi registrar a composição e diversidade da mixobiota do folhedo de solo da Reserva Biológica de Pedra Talhada e expandir o conhecimento sobre a microbiota da Floresta Atlântica. Amostras do folhedo de solo foram coletadas no final da estação seca e início da estação chuvosa e 1.080 câmaras úmidas foram montadas. A identificação e descrição dos espécimes obtidos foram baseadas em análise morfológica. Foram obtidos 86 espécimes, identificados e registrados no Herbário UFP. Plasmódios e/ou esporocarpos foram registrados em 23,7% das câmaras úmidas. O inventário resultou em 13 novos registros para Alagoas, aumentando para 61 o número de espécies conhecidas para o estado. Perichaena longipes e Stemonitopsis gracilis são registrados pela primeira vez no Nordeste e na Floresta Atlântica. Macbrideola spinosispora é o primeiro registro para o Brasil e Licea sp. provavelmente é um novo táxon. Uma chave de identificação para as espécies ocorrentes em Alagoas é apresentada, bem como, comentários e distribuição das espécies no Brasil. mundial endemismo estudos 1080 1 080 1.08 montadas morfológica 8 UFP eou ou 237 23 7 23,7 6 estado sp táxon apresentada como 108 08 1.0 2 23, 10 0 1.

Abstract Five anomuran and one brachyuran species collected from continental shelf and slope off southern Brazil have their geographic ranges considerably extended southward: Neolithodes agassizii (Smith), Paguristes spectabilis McLaughlin and Provenzano, Pagurus heblingi Nucci and Melo, Phimochirus occlusus (Henderson), Mixtopagurus paradoxus A. Milne-Edwards, and the brachyuran Euchirograpsus antillensis Türkay. Pagurus heblingi was previously known only from its type locality (off Cabo Frio, Rio de Janeiro) and from off Espírito Santo. Paguristes spectabilis was known only from the holotype (off Trinidad, Caribbean Sea) and two additional females from off Rio de Janeiro. One female was found of the brachyuran Robertsella meridionalis Tavares and Gouvêa, a species previously known only from two males. Additionally, the occurrence of the hermit crabs Dardanus venosus (H. Milne Edwards) and Oncopagurus gracilis (Henderson), and the brachyuran Hexapanopeus paulensis Rathbun are confirmed for Santa Catarina. The record of the brachyuran Neopilumnoplax americana (Rathbun) from Santa Catarina (27°S) probably actually refers to Neopilumnoplax lipkeholthuisi Tavares and Melo, a species described from Rio Grande do Sul (33°S) and Mar del Plata (37°S). southward Smith, Smith , (Smith) Provenzano Melo Henderson, Henderson (Henderson) A MilneEdwards, MilneEdwards Edwards, Edwards Milne-Edwards Türkay Frio Janeiro Santo Trinidad Sea Gouvêa males Additionally H. H (H (Rathbun 27°S 27S S 27 (27°S 33°S 33S 33 (33°S 37°S. 37S 37°S . 37 (37°S) (Smith (Henderson 2 3 (37°S

Abstract The first list of Aetalionidae and Membracidae species for western Acre is presented, including the Alto do Juruá regions of Serra do Divisor National Park and the Campus Floresta of the Federal University of Acre. In total, 94 species of treehoppers were collected, of which Centrotinae (Membracidae) is recorded for the first time for Brazil (Abelus maculatus Schimidt), another 16 species are new Brazilian records, and 69 species (Aetalionidae and Membracidae) are new records for Acre. Data on type locality, geographic distribution and images of all species are presented. The males of Lophyraspis fenestrata Sakakibara & Creão-Duarte and Erechtia sanguinolenta (Fairmaire) are known for the first time. The species diversity was compared to four other treehopper surveys in the Amazon region, with similarity indices of about 43.6% for Colombian Amazon (at least 650 km away), 27.6% for Panguana Biological Research Station, Peru (250 km), 20.2% for Adolpho Ducke Forest Reserve, Brazil (1,600 km) and 8.5% for Villa Carmen Biological Station/Los Amigos Biological Station, Peru (600/700 km). The estimated richness of Serra do Divisor National Park was just over 70%, suggesting that local diversity could be significantly higher than that presented in this study. total 9 collected (Membracidae Abelus Schimidt, Schimidt , Schimidt) 1 6 locality CreãoDuarte Creão Duarte Fairmaire (Fairmaire region 436 43 43.6 at 65 away, away away) 276 27 27.6 Station 250 (25 km, 202 20 2 20.2 Reserve 1,600 1600 600 (1,60 85 8 5 8.5 StationLos Los 600/700 600700 700 (600/70 km. . 70 70% study 4 43. 27. 25 (2 20. 1,60 160 60 (1,6 8. 600/70 60070 (600/7 7 ( 1,6 (1, 600/7 6007 (600/ 1, (1 600/ (600 (60 (6

Resumo A primeira lista de espécies de Aetalionidae e Membracidae para o extremo oeste do Acre é apresentada, incluindo as regiões do Alto do Juruá do Parque Nacional da Serra do Divisor e o Campus Floresta da Universidade Federal do Acre. No total, foram coletadas 94 espécies de soldadinhos, das quais Centrotinae (Membracidae) é registrada pela primeira vez para o Brasil (Abelus maculatus Schimidt), 16 outras espécies de membracídeos são novos registros para o Brasil e 69 espécies (Aetalionidae e Membracidae) são novos registros para o Acre. Dados sobre localidade-tipo, distribuição geográfica e imagens de todas as espécies são apresentados. Os machos de Lophyraspis fenestrata Sakakibara & Creão-Duarte e Erechtia sanguinolenta (Fairmaire) são conhecidos pela primeira vez. A diversidade de espécies foi comparada a outros quatro levantamentos de soldadinhos na região amazônica, com índices de similaridade de cerca de 43,6% para a Amazônia colombiana (pelo menos 650 km de distância), 27,6% para a Estação de Pesquisa Biológica de Panguana, Peru (250 km), 20,2% para Adolpho Reserva Florestal Ducke, Brasil (1.600 km) e 8,5% para Estação Biológica Villa Carmen/Estação Biológica Los Amigos, Peru (600/700 km). A riqueza estimada do Parque Nacional da Serra do Divisor foi de pouco mais de 70%, sugerindo que a diversidade local pode ser significativamente maior do que a apresentada neste estudo. total 9 (Membracidae Abelus Schimidt, Schimidt , Schimidt) 1 6 localidadetipo, localidadetipo localidade tipo, tipo localidade-tipo apresentados CreãoDuarte Creão Duarte Fairmaire (Fairmaire amazônica 436 43 43,6 pelo 65 distância, distância distância) 276 27 27,6 Panguana 250 (25 km, 202 20 2 20,2 Ducke 1.600 1600 600 (1.60 85 8 5 8,5 CarmenEstação Carmen Amigos 600/700 600700 700 (600/70 km. . 70 70% estudo 4 43, 27, 25 (2 20, 1.60 160 60 (1.6 8, 600/70 60070 (600/7 7 ( 1.6 (1. 600/7 6007 (600/ 1. (1 600/ (600 (60 (6

Abstract The abundance and movement patterns of lemon sharks ( Negaprion brevirostris) at Lama Bay, Biological Reserve Rocas Atoll, were reassessed by visual census. We considered tides and daylight periods to plan our observations during two expeditions in 2015. Using daily visual counts, the mean abundance of individuals was 29 in austral summer (maximum 35) and 31 in winter (maximum 41). The results indicated that the local lemon shark population might have recovered after 18 years of a substantial drop in mean abundance. In addition, the movement pattern of the species corroborated previous studies related to their fidelity to the birthplace. These results justify the need of continuous monitoring of lemon sharks over the course of time at Rocas Atoll using non-lethal and non-invasive techniques. brevirostris Bay census 2015 counts 2 maximum 35 3 41. 41 . 41) 1 addition birthplace nonlethal non lethal noninvasive invasive techniques 201 4 20

The present study aims to investigate if Cimicifuga racemosa (L.) Nutt extract (CIMI) reduces deleterious effects of dexamethasone (DEXA) in ovaries cultured in vitro. Mouse ovaries were collected and cultured in DMEM+ only or supplemented with 5 ng/mL of CIMI, or 4 ng/mL DEXA, or both CIMI and DEXA. The ovaries were cultured at 37.5°C in 5% CO2 for 6 days. Ovarian morphology, follicular ultrastructure, and the levels of mRNA for Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3 were evaluated. The results showed that DEXA reduced the percentage of morphologically normal follicles, while CIMI prevented the deleterious effects caused by DEXA. In addition, DEXA negatively affected the stromal cellular density, while CIMI prevented these adverse effects. Ovaries cultured with DEXA and CIMI showed similar levels of mRNA for Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3 compared to those cultured in control medium, while ovaries cultured with DEXA had increased expression of the above genes. Additionally, the ultrastructure of the ovaries cultured with CIMI was well preserved. Thus, the extract of CIMI was able to prevent the deleterious effects caused by DEXA on cultured mouse ovaries. L. L (L. (CIMI (DEXA vitro DMEM ngmL ng mL 375C C 37 CO days morphology Bax Bcl2, Bcl2 Bcl 2, 2 Bcl-2 Caspase3 Caspase 3 Caspase- evaluated follicles addition density medium genes Additionally preserved Thus (L Bcl-

Abstract The Cananéia-Iguape estuarine-lagoon complex (CIELC), located in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, is considered an area of the Biosphere Reserve. However, an artificial channel built in the northern sector of the system (Iguape) has promoted an unnatural input of fresh water into the system, leading to enhanced drainage of terrestrial material into the estuary and influencing silicon biogeochemistry within the complex. This study used the distribution of different fractions of silicon along the system as a proxy for the freshwater input. The samples were collected during August, 2012 (winter) and February 2013 (summer) and analyzed for dissolved silicate, biogenic silica, and lithogenic silica. Dissolved silicate reached values above 200 µmol L -1 in the two seasonal periods, indicating the constant supply of terrestrial material in the northern sector of the system associated with fresh water. Southward, where the system is more preserved (Cananéia-Ararapira), the concentration decreased dramatically. Lithogenic silica (LSi) reached extremely high values of ~700 µmol L -1. Biogenic silica (BSi) showed concentrations up to 120 µmol L -1 with distribution more dependent on assimilation processes and the nature of the biological communities than on the source of fresh water. The availability of different forms of Si revealed remineralization, deposition, adsorption, and uptake mechanisms with different dynamics in the northern and southern sectors of the system, evidencing the environmental impact by the Valo Grande Channel. CananéiaIguape Cananéia Iguape estuarinelagoon estuarine lagoon CIELC, CIELC , (CIELC) Paulo Brazil Reserve However (Iguape August 201 winter (winter summer (summer 20 1 - periods Southward CananéiaArarapira, CananéiaArarapira Ararapira (Cananéia-Ararapira) dramatically LSi (LSi 700 ~70 1. BSi (BSi 12 remineralization deposition adsorption Channel (CIELC 2 (Cananéia-Ararapira 70 ~7 7 ~