ABSTRACT Purpose: Ureterocalicostomy is a technique that was first described by Neuwirt in 1948 (1) The laparoscopic access was initiated in 2003 by Cherullo et al. (2), following the established principles of open surgery. In 2004, Gill et al. had two patients with UPJO treated with laparoscopic ureterocalicostomy, with success (3). In 2014, Arap et. al. presented a case series with good results in adults and children in our service (4). There are factors that prepare the surgeon for an ureterocalicostomy, such as the renal cortex thickness, although the decision is mainly taken during the procedure (5). Material and Methods: A 24 years-old female patient with right lumbar pain was referred to our institution. She already had a right open pyeloplasty two years ago. The CT scan presented a right hydronephrotic kidney, DMSA scan with 30% of relative function and a DTPA scan with an obstructive pattern. Results: A laparoscopic ureterocalicostomy was performed due to the intra-operative findings (inferior kidney pole thickness and challenging access to the uretero-pelvic junction). The overall time was 130 minutes with no complications. The patient was discharged in two days and the double J was withdrawn in four weeks. The CT scan within one year demonstrates a reduction of the hydronephrosis. She had no more lumbar pain. Conclusion: In complex cases, the laparoscopic ureterocalicostomy proves to be a safe and efficient procedure, with a free tension-free anastomosis and the advantages of the laparoscopic access. Purpose 194 1 (1 200 al 2, 2 , (2) surgery 2004 3. 3 . (3) 2014 4. 4 (4) 5. 5 (5) Methods yearsold old institution ago 30 pattern Results intraoperative intra operative inferior ureteropelvic uretero pelvic junction. junction junction) 13 complications weeks hydronephrosis Conclusion cases tensionfree tension 19 ( 20 (2 (3 201 (4 (5

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the prevalence of modern contraceptive methods (CM) use in adolescents aged 12 to 19 years in 2012 and 2018-19, and the factors associated with consistent use of modern CM. Materials and methods: Using the Health and Nutrition National Surveys 2012 and 2018-19 we calculated the outcome variables: long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARC) use, dual protection and consistent use of CM. We estimated prevalence by sex and adjusted logistic models with consistent use (which is understood as CM use in the first and last sexual relationship) as a dependent variable. Results: LARC use in last intercourse increased between surveys (4.1 to 6.3%). For women, being older, not having been pregnant, and school attendance increased the likelihood of consistent use. For men, school attendance increases the likelihood while cohabiting, early sexual initiation and having smoked more than 100 cigarettes reduces it. Conclusion: It is necessary to promote access and consistent use of MC, based on respect for sexual and reproductive rights.

Resumen: Objetivo: Analizar la prevalencia de uso de métodos anticonceptivos (MAC) modernos en adolescentes de 12 a19 años en 2012 y 2018-19, y factores asociados con su uso consistente. Material y métodos: A partir de las Encuestas Nacionales de Salud y Nutrición 2012 y 2018-19, se construyeron variables de interés: uso de anticonceptivos reversibles de acción prolongada (ARAP), protección dual y uso consistente de MAC. Se calcularon prevalencias y modelos logísticos para uso consistente de MAC. Resultados: El uso de ARAP en la última relación se incrementó entre encuestas (4.1 a 6.3%). Tener mayor edad, no embarazo y asistencia escolar incrementaron la posibilidad de uso consistente en mujeres; en hombres, la asistencia escolar la incrementó, y vivir en unión, inicio temprano de vida sexual y consumir >100 cigarrillos la disminuyeron. Conclusión: Es necesario fomentar el acceso y uso de MAC de manera consistente, basado en el respeto a los derechos sexuales y reproductivos.

This article sets out to analyse the role of pulpit preaching in the struggle towards the re-emergence of multi-party democracy in Kenya. It argues that through "pulpit power", certain clerics, notably David Gitari, Alexander Muge, Henry Okullu and Timothy Njoya, initiated a process of transformation as individual activists at a time when the state had effectively silenced voices that demanded political change. It then moves on to chronicle David Gitari's sermons as a case in point to demonstrate that his political sermons promoted a culture of defiance in the country and marked the genesis of the so called "second liberation" in Kenya. It relies on archival sources and correspondence material as well as a number of searching in-depth oral interviews.

Hierdie artikel ontleed die rol van preekstoel-prediking in die stryd om 'n veelparty-demokrasie in Kenia te laat herleef. Daar word aangevoer dat, deur "die mag van die preekstoel", sommige geestelikes, vernaam David Gitari, Alexander Muge, Henry Okullu en Timothy Njoya, as individuele aktiviste 'n proses van verandering teweeggebring het in 'n tyd waarin die staat vir alle praktiese doeleindes daarin geslaag het om stemme wat op politieke verandering aangedring het, stil te maak. Daarop word 'n kroniek van David Gitari se preke gegee om sodoende te wys hoe sy politieke preke 'n kuituur van verset in die land aangewakker het, en die sogenaamde "tweede bevryding" in Kenia ingelui het. Die artikel steun op argivale bronne en korrespondensie, sowel as 'n aantal diepgaande onderhoude.