RESUMEN La investigación sobre mejoramiento genético para el cultivo de lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam.) en Colombia es limitada. Especificamente, la investigación relacionada con la interacción genotipo-ambiente (IGA) y la estabilidad en caracteres agronómicos es escasa. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar genotipos sobresalientes mediante la evaluación de la IGA y la estabilidad del peso del fruto (PF), ácido ascórbico (AA) y rendimiento de 10 familias de medio hermanos (FMH). Se establecieron cuatro ensayos en San Pedro de Cartago, Arboleda, Tangua y La Unión del departamento de Nariño (Colombia), utilizando el diseño de bloques completos al azar con cuatro repeticiones. Para analizar el IGA se utilizó el modelo aditivo de efectos principales e interacción multiplicativa (AMMI) y algunos parámetros de estabilidad AMMI. En Tangua, FMH7 y el control presentaron adaptación específica con rendimientos de 12,82 y 13,41 t ha-1, respectivamente y PF mayor a 100 g. En Arboleda, la FMH29 obtuvo el mayor rendimiento (16,14 t ha-1) con un PF de 100,53 g. FMH4, FMH28 y FMH49 alcanzaron rendimientos superiores a 9,0 t ha-1 y un PF mayor a 100 g, lo que indica su estabilidad e idoneidad para cualquiera de los ambientes evaluados. FMH25 en AA y FMH29 en rendimiento presentaron adaptación específica en Arboleda. Las familias estables en ambientes con buen rendimiento fueron FMH4, FMH28 y FMH49, donde FMH4 y FMH28 mostraron valores superiores en dos de los tres caracteres, y FMH49 destacó en las tres variables. Estas familias pueden utilizarse en programas de fitomejoramiento como parentales o entregarse a los agricultores como variedades mejoradas.

ABSTRACT Research on genetic improvement for the cultivation of lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam.) in Colombia is limited. Specifically, research related to genotype-by-environment interaction (GEI) and stability in agronomic traits is scarce. This study aimed to identify superior genotypes by evaluating GEI and the stability of fruit weight (FW), ascorbic acid (AA), and yield among 10 half-sib families (HSF). Four trials were established at San Pedro de Cartago, Arboleda, Tangua and La Union of the department of Nariño (Colombia), using the randomized complete block design with four repetitions. To analyze GEI, the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model and some AMMI stability parameters were used. In Tangua, HSF7 and the control exhibited specific adaptation with yields of 12.82 and 13.41 t ha-1, respectively, and FW greater than 100 g. In Arboleda, HSF29 obtained the highest yield (16.14 t ha-1) with an FW of 100.53 g. HSF4, HSF28 and HSF49 reached yields above 9.0 t ha-1 and a FW greater than 100 g, indicating their stability and suitability for any of the environments evaluated. HSF25 in AA and HSF29 in yield presented specific adaptation in Arboleda. Stable families across environments with good yield were HSF4, HSF28, and HSF49, with HSF4 and HSF28 showing higher values in two of the three traits, and HSF49 excelling in all three variables. These families can be used in plant breeding programs as parents or distributed to farmers as improved varieties.

RESUMEN El objetivo del trabajo fue determinar el efecto de la fertilización nitrogenada sobre la respiración de la población microbiana asociada a la rizosfera de Saccharum officinarum L. En experimento de larga duración, Umln_6, plantado con Saccharum officinarum L., y seis niveles de nitrógeno, ubicado en la provincia Santiago de Cuba. Se determinó la respiración microbiana, mediante valoraciones químicas en medio cerrado, el rendimiento agrícola y la interacción con variables químicas y meteorológicas del ecosistema. Los datos se procesaron por análisis de varianza factorial, modelo AMMI y ACP. La variable respiratoria tuvo un comportamiento diferencial para los niveles de N aplicados y la fenología del cultivo, además de la influencia de estos factores sobre las propiedades químicas del suelo que alcanza su valor máximo con una dosis promedio de N, de 100.6 kg.ha-1. Los resultados indican que la evaluación de las interacciones caña de azúcar-microorganismos del suelo puede ser útil para un mejor manejo de la fertilización nitrogenada.

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to determine the effect of nitrogen fertilization on the respiration of the microbial population associated with the rhizosphere of Saccharum officinarum L. The quantities of soil microorganisms as an expression of its quality, allow establishing relationships with its chemical properties, by determining microbial respiration. In a long-term experiment, Umln_6, planted with Saccharum officinarum L., and six levels of nitrogen, planted in Santiago of Cuba province. The microbial respiration was determined through chemical assessments in a closed environment, agricultural yield and the interaction with chemical and meteorological variables of the ecosystem. The data were processed by factorial variance analysis, AMMI model and PCA. The respiratory variable had a differential behavior for the levels of N applied and the phenology of the crop, in addition to the influence of these factors on the chemical properties of the soil that reaches its maximum value with an average dose of N, of 100.6 kg.ha-1. The results indicate that the evaluation of sugarcane-soil microorganism interactions can be useful for better management of nitrogen fertilization.

Abstract Lemongrass, an industrially important aromatic grass known for its essential oil, exhibits phenotypic traits that are influenced by environmental factors. This study evaluated the stability and adaptability of 13 advanced lemongrass breeding clones over several years. Significant genotype and genotype × environment interaction (GEI) effects on herbage yield and essential oil yield highlighted the influence of genetic and environmental factors on these traits. The AMMI and GGE biplot analyses identified clone 5 as a high performing and stable genotype for herb yield. Meanwhile, clones 1 and 4 showed consistent performance across years and were desirable for essential oil yield due to their proximity to the abscissa of the biplot. These identified clones represent valuable genetic resources for future breeding programs aimed at developing superior lemongrass cultivars for commercial cultivation. Lemongrass GEI (GEI Meanwhile cultivation

RESUMO O Brasil apresenta uma diversidade de condições ambientais propícias para o cultivo de milho. Considerando a quantidade de híbridos de milho disponíveis no mercado brasileiro, a seleção e o posicionamento precisos dos materiais genéticos são fundamentais para o êxito na produção. Este estudo tem como objetivo determinar a adaptabilidade e estabilidade de diferentes híbridos de milho, comparando as metodologias de Eberhart e Russell e AMMI, para orientar o posicionamento desses híbridos em regiões subtropicais. Utilizou-se um delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso com seis híbridos e três repetições. Os ambientes experimentais foram definidos por combinações de fatores como local, época de semeadura, manejo com fungicida e irrigação, resultando em 12 ambientes distintos. Os resultados demonstram que as metodologias avaliadas corroboram parcialmente entre si. O híbrido AG 9025 PRO3 mostrou-se altamente produtivo em semeaduras precoces em ambientes favoráveis. Em contraste, os híbridos AS 1730 PRO3 e DKB 230 PRO3 apresentaram bom desempenho produtivo mesmo em condições desfavoráveis. A principal limitação do modelo Eberhart e Russell é a sua capacidade limitada de interpretar a estabilidade, classificando os híbridos apenas como de alta ou baixa previsibilidade, o que limita a interpretação detalhada da estabilidade. Por outro lado, o modelo AMMI oferece uma análise mais detalhada da estabilidade, permitindo interpretar a estabilidade dos híbridos dentro de um conjunto mais amplo e apresentar informações de forma gráfica, o que facilita a compreensão e possibilita uma análise mais abrangente e precisa para o posicionamento adequado de híbridos de milho. brasileiro produção subtropicais Utilizouse Utilizou se repetições local semeadura irrigação 1 distintos si 902 PRO mostrouse mostrou favoráveis contraste 173 23 desfavoráveis previsibilidade lado gráfica 90 17 2 9

ABSTRACT Brazil boasts a vast variety of environmental conditions conducive to maize cultivation. Given the various maize hybrids available in the Brazilian market, properly selecting and positioning different genetic materials are critical for successful grain production. Thus, this study aimed to determine the adaptability and stability of different maize hybrids, comparing the Eberhart and Russell and AMMI models, to guide the positioning of these maize hybrids in subtropical regions. A randomized block experimental design with six hybrids and three replicates was used. The experimental environments were defined by combinations of factors such as location, sowing time, fungicide management and irrigation, resulting in 12 distinct environments. Notably, the two models largely agree. For instance, the AG 9025 PRO3 hybrid showed a high yield during early sowing under favorable conditions, whereas the AS 1730 PRO3 and DKB 230 PRO3 hybrids had good yields even under unfavorable conditions. The main limitation of the Eberhart and Russell model is its limited ability to interpret stability, classifying hybrids only as having high or low predictability, limiting the detailed interpretation of stability. Conversely, the AMMI model offers a more detailed analysis of stability, allowing the interpretation of hybrid stability within a broader set and presenting information graphically, which facilitates understanding and enables a more comprehensive and accurate analysis for the appropriate positioning of maize hybrids. cultivation market production Thus regions used location time irrigation 1 Notably agree instance 902 PRO 173 23 predictability Conversely graphically 90 17 2 9

Abstract Under different environmental conditions, crop yields differ primarily due to G and E interactions. The Global Rice Array (GRA-IV) is IRRI's fourth flagship project to identify climate-resilient rice genotypes. Use of Several univariate and multivariate methods can differentiate genotypes based on their behaviour under different environmental conditions. Since genotypes were ranked differently across models, ASR and Yield Stability Index (YSI) were combined in this study. It included 15 rice genotypes (from a collection of global rice arrays IV called the "Antenna Panel"). Experimentation done in five diverse environments in the Northern Tarai region of India. Grain yield over five diverse environments was significantly influenced by genotypes, G (24.51%), environments, E (40.79%), and genotype and environment effects combined (34.69%). G2, G5, G8, G15 and G10 exhibited lowest ASR values. G2 is the most stable high-yielder, concluded on the basis of new stability index calculated by combining the ASR's and YSI values; these superior genotypes can benefit breeding programs in the future. A stable-high yielder can be more accurately predicted with the new stability index. conditions interactions GRAIV GRA (GRA-IV IRRIs IRRI s climateresilient climate resilient models (YSI study 1 from Antenna Panel. Panel . Panel") India 24.51%, 2451 24.51% , 24 51 (24.51%) 40.79%, 4079 40.79% 40 79 (40.79%) 34.69%. 3469 34.69% 34 69 (34.69%) G5 G8 G1 values highyielder, highyielder high yielder, high-yielder ASRs future stablehigh Panel" 245 24.51 2 5 (24.51% 407 40.79 4 7 (40.79% 346 34.69 3 6 (34.69% 24.5 (24.51 40.7 (40.79 34.6 (34.69 24. (24.5 40. (40.7 34. (34.6 (24. (40. (34. (24 (40 (34 (2 (4 (3 (

RESUMO Batatas-doces (Ipomoea batatas) de polpa roxa têm chamado a atenção de produtores e consumidores por seu valor nutricional e altos teores de antocianinas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a adaptabilidade e estabilidade de genótipos de batata-doce de polpa roxa em regiões produtoras do Brasil utilizando as metodologias AMMI e WAASB. As novas cultivares de polpa roxa BRS Anembé e BRS Cotinga juntamente com quatro clones avançados de polpa roxa (BGBD0080, BGBD1399, BGBD1402 e BGBD1405), e as cultivares testemunha Brazlândia Roxa e Beauregard, foram avaliados em oito ambientes usando delineamento em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. Na colheita, as raízes foram avaliadas quanto ao rendimento, aparência, danos causados por insetos e características de formato. As novas cultivares de polpa roxa BRS Cotinga e BRS Anembé destacaram-se pela maior produtividade de raízes, bom formato e peso de raízes, expressiva resistência a danos causados por insetos, e adaptabilidade a ambientes com maior potencial produtivo. Adicionalmente, ‘BRS Anembé’ também apresentou aparência de raiz favorável. A cultivar Beauregard mostrou-se mais suscetível a danos causados por insetos, enquanto ‘Brazlândia Roxa’ apresentou a maior resistência. Batatasdoces Batatas doces Ipomoea batatas antocianinas batatadoce batata doce WAASB BGBD0080, BGBD0080 BGBD (BGBD0080 BGBD1399 BGBD140 BGBD1405, BGBD1405 , BGBD1405) repetições colheita rendimento destacaramse destacaram se produtivo Adicionalmente favorável mostrouse mostrou BGBD008 (BGBD008 BGBD139 BGBD14 BGBD00 (BGBD00 BGBD13 BGBD1 BGBD0 (BGBD0 (BGBD

ABSTRACT Purple-fleshed sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) have gained attention from producers and consumers for their nutritional values and high levels of anthocyanins. This study aimed to evaluate the adaptability and stability of these genotypes in producing regions of Brazil with AMMI and WAASB methodologies. The recently released purple-fleshed cultivars BRS Anembé and BRS Cotinga, along with four purple-fleshed advanced clones (BGBD0080, BGBD1399, BGBD1402, and BGBD1405), and the cultivars Brazlândia Roxa and Beauregard as controls, were evaluated in eight environments using a complete randomized block design with four replications. The roots were evaluated on yield, appearance, insect damage, and shape traits. The new purple-fleshed cultivars BRS Cotinga and BRS Anembé stood out in their higher root yield, good root shape and weight, expressive resistance to insect damage, and adaptability to environments with higher yield potential. Additionally, ‘BRS Anembé’ also showed a favorable root appearance. The cultivar Beauregard was the most susceptible to insect damage while ‘Brazlândia Roxa’ demonstrated the highest resistance. Purplefleshed Purple fleshed Ipomoea batatas anthocyanins methodologies purplefleshed purple BGBD0080, BGBD0080 BGBD (BGBD0080 BGBD1399 BGBD1402 BGBD1405, BGBD1405 , BGBD1405) controls replications appearance traits weight potential Additionally BGBD008 (BGBD008 BGBD139 BGBD140 BGBD00 (BGBD00 BGBD13 BGBD14 BGBD0 (BGBD0 BGBD1 (BGBD

Abstract Identifying a stable high-yielding variety is challenging. This paper reports high-yielding and stable durum wheat candidates identified using AMMI, GGE biplot models, and stability parameters. Twenty-five lines were evaluated in 13 environments in 2018 and 2019 using a triplicate row-column design. AMMI, stability, and GGE biplot analyses were conducted using packages in the R statistical software. AMMI indicated highly significant effects of environments, genotypes, and their interactions on grain yield. The highest proportion of the total sum of squares accounted for by the environment (42.3%), followed by the genotype by environment interaction (26.7%), may suggest the presence of diverse environments grouped into mega-environments. The environments fell into three sectors on the which-won-where view of the biplot and they were grouped into two mega-environments. Genotypes 5 and 15 were the highest yielding and most stable among all and are recommended as candidate varieties for the midlands to highlands of Ethiopia. highyielding high challenging models parameters Twentyfive Twenty five 1 201 rowcolumn row column design software genotypes yield 42.3%, 423 42.3% , 42 3 (42.3%) 26.7%, 267 26.7% 26 7 (26.7%) megaenvironments. megaenvironments mega environments. mega-environments whichwonwhere which won where Ethiopia 20 42.3 4 (42.3% 26.7 2 (26.7% 42. (42.3 26. (26.7 (42. (26. (42 (26 (4 (2 (

RESUMEN La productividad de la uchuva (Physalis peruviana L.) en Colombia puede incrementarse mediante el desarrollo de variedades estables de alto rendimiento y identificadas en ensayos multi-ambientes. En este estudio, se evaluó la interacción genotipo por ambiente (G×E) para el rendimiento y peso de frutos de 13 genotipos de uchuva en siete localidades utilizando un diseño de bloques completos al azar. La interacción G×E fue significativa para rendimiento y peso de fruto, lo que sugiere una respuesta diferencial de los genotipos a través de los ambientes. Mediante el análisis AMMI se identificaron ambientes similares y contrastantes, así como los genotipos que más contribuyeron a la interacción G×E. Los genotipos I, B, D y H presentaron altos rendimientos, que oscilaron entre 25,2 a 27,3 t ha-1, por lo tanto, podrían recomendarse para el cultivo comercial. Los genotipos B y D fueron estables en rendimiento y de adaptación amplia; mientras que los genotipos I y H mostraron una adaptación específica para rendimiento y presentaron frutos de mayor peso. El genotipo R1 mostró frutos de mayor tamaño en la mayoría de las localidades excepto Ipiales, pero presentó bajo rendimiento. Las localidades adecuadas para el cultivo de uchuva fueron Pasto, Puerres e Ipiales por presentar los mayores rendimientos y peso de fruto.

ABSTRACT Cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) productivity in Colombia can be increased by developing high-yielding and adaptable varieties identified in multi-environment trials. In this study, the genotype-by-environment interaction (G×E) for fruit yield and fruit weight of 13 cape gooseberry genotypes at seven locations was evaluated using a randomized complete block design. G×E interaction was significant for yield and fruit weight, suggesting a differential response of genotypes across environments. Through the AMMI analysis, similar and contrasting environments were identified, as well as the genotypes that contributed the most to the G×E interaction. Genotypes I, B, D, and H were the high yielding, ranging from 25.2 to 27.3 t ha-1, so they could be recommended for commercial cultivation. Genotypes B and D was stable in yield and widely adapted; while the genotypes I and H showed a specific adaptation for yield and exhibited heavier fruits. Genotype R1 exhibited the greater fruit weight in most locations except Ipiales but showed low fruit yield. The suitable locations for the cultivation of cape gooseberry were Pasto, Puerres, and Ipiales since they presented the highest yields and fruit weight.

RESUMEN La selección para obtener un mayor rendimiento y una mayor adaptabilidad son las tareas más importantes en los programas de mejora de cultivos. Las interacciones GE son comúnmente consideradas como una de las principales barreras en el fitomejoramiento. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo evaluar los efectos de la interacción GE para el rendimiento de grano de 14 variedades de trigo duro cultivadas en ambientes de secano durante las temporadas de cultivo 2014-2017, y analizar las relaciones entre 15 caracteres intra e interambientes. Los ensayos de campo de 14 variedades se organizaron en un diseño de bloques completos al azar con cuatro repeticiones. Los datos de rendimiento de grano se analizaron utilizando el modelo AMMI. El análisis combinado de la varianza mostró que el efecto del genotipo, el ambiente y sus interacciones fueron altamente significativos para el rendimiento de grano. Utilizando el CV y el índice Pi, GTA dur fue la variedad de mayor rendimiento (32,5 q ha-1) y más estable en todos los ambientes. Basándose en la correlación entre caracteres, la selección indirecta del rendimiento de grano a través del número de granos por m2 sería efectiva. Además, la correlación interambiente de las variables estudiadas, confirman la presencia de la interacción GE y sugiere que se deben elegir las mejores variedades de acuerdo con la adaptación específica. Los entornos fríos difirieron de los cálidos y moderados en la clasificación de las variedades. En efecto, el sitio Sétif ofrece mejores posibilidades para producir la variedad Ofanto (39,9 q ha-1). En cambio, GTA dur y Simeto (30,9 q ha-1 y 29,7 q ha-1, respectivamente) demuestran ser los más eficientes en términos de rendimiento de grano en los sitios de Oued Smar y Khemis Miliana juntos.

ABSTRACT Selection for higher yield and wider adaptability are the most important tasks in crop breeding programs. (GE) interactions are commonly seen as one of the major barriers in plant breeding. The present work aims to assess the effects of GE interaction for the grain yield of 14 durum wheat varieties grown in rain-fed environments during 2014-2017 cropping seasons, and to analyze the relationships between 15 traits intra and inter-environments. Field trials were carried out in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Grain yield data were analyzed using AMMI model. The combined analysis of variance showed that the effects of genotype, environment and their interactions were highly significant on the grain yield. Using CV and Pi index, GTA dur was the high yielding (32.5 q ha-1) and most stable variety across all the environments. Based on the inter-character correlation, the indirect selection of grain yield via the number of grains per m2 would be effective. Moreover, the inter-environment correlation of the studied variables confirms there was GE interaction and suggests that the best varieties should be chosen according to their specific adaptation. Cold environments differed from warm and moderate ones in the ranking of varieties. Indeed, Sétif site offers better possibilities for producing the Ofanto variety (39.9 q ha-1). Whereas, GTA dur and Simeto (30.9 q ha-1 and 29.7 q ha-1, respectively) prove to be the most efficient in terms of grain yield at Oued Smar and Khemis Miliana sites together.

RESUMEN En Nariño, las variedades de arveja voluble, debido a su alta capacidad productiva, no logran mantenerse erguidas a pesar del uso de sistemas de tutorado, lo que genera acame y pérdidas en el rendimiento y la calidad del producto. Una opción viable para mitigar el problema es el uso de genotipos volubles con el gen afila que reemplaza hojas por zarcillos, favoreciendo el agarre de las plantas sobre las cuerdas que sirven de tutores. En busca de una solución a este problema, se evaluó la adaptabilidad y estabilidad fenotípica para el rendimiento en vaina verde de 20 líneas de arveja voluble con el gen afila y los testigos de hoja normal Obonuco Andina y Sindamanoy en cinco municipios del sur del departamento de Nariño. En cada localidad se aplicó un diseño de bloques completos al azar con cuatro repeticiones. Los datos obtenidos se analizaron utilizando los modelos de Eberhart y Russell y AMMI. En el modelo de Eberhart y Russell, los ambientes más favorables fueron Puerres y Gualmatán y el ambiente más desfavorable fue Potosí. Las líneas GR15, GR10 y la variedad Sindamanoy fueron seleccionadas como de alto rendimiento, adaptables y predecibles. El análisis de varianza para el modelo AMMI indicó un alto efecto ambiental resultante de ambientes contrastantes y baja diversidad entre las líneas con el gen afila evaluadas. El índice de selección (GSIi) obtenido a partir del valor de estabilidad (ASV) y la clasificación por rendimiento, permitió la identificación y selección por orden de mérito de los genotipos Obonuco Andina, GR15, GR14, GR28, GR10, GR2, GR23, Sindamanoy y GR3 como los de mayor estabilidad y rendimiento. La coincidencia en la selección entre los modelos Eberhart y Russell y AMMI fue del 33,3%.

ABSTRACT In Nariño, the climbing pea varieties, due to their high production capacity, are unable to stand upright despite the use of trellising systems, resulting in lodging and losses in yield and product quality. A viable option to mitigate the problem is the use of climbing genotypes with the afila gene that replaces leaves with tendrils, favoring the grip of the plants on the strings that serve as tutors. In search of a solution to this problem, the adaptability and phenotypic stability for green pod yield of 20 climbing pea lines with the afila gene and the normal-leaf controls Obonuco Andina and Sindamanoy were evaluated in five municipalities in the southern part of the department of Nariño. A randomized complete block design with four replications was used at each location. The data obtained were analyzed using the Eberhart and Russell and AMMI models. In the Eberhart and Russell model, the most favorable environments were Puerres and Gualmatán and the most unfavorable environment was Potosí. Lines GR15, GR10 and the Sindamanoy variety were selected as high yielding, adaptable and predictable. The analysis of variance for the AMMI model indicated a high environmental effect, resulting from contrasting environments and low diversity between the lines with the afila gene evaluated. The selection index (GSIi) obtained from the stability value (ASV) and the classification by yield, allowed the identification and selection in order of merit of the genotypes Obonuco Andina, GR15, GR14, GR28, GR10, GR2, GR23, Sindamanoy and GR3 as those with the highest stability and yield. The coincidence in selection between the Eberhart and Russell and AMMI models was 33,3%.

ABSTRACT There is growing interest in expanding quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) cultivation; however, the main limitation is its sensitivity to temperatures above 32-35 °C. Chenopodium berlandieri Moq., the wild-weedy North American ancestor of quinoa, was employed as an exotic source of drought, heat, and salinity tolerance to enlarge genetic variation in cultivated quinoa. The present work aims to assess the influence of high temperatures on seed setting rate and production potential of two quinoa recombinant inbred lines (RILs), RIL2-4 and RIL2-5. Thus, trials were carried out in Morocco at Berrechid and Tiflet in 2017-2018 and Bouchane, Meknès, and El Kebab in 2018-2019. The field experiment design was a randomized complete block with four replicates. Ten quantitative traits were measured. The ANOVA showed significant variability for all the evaluated parameters. The seed setting rate had widely different degrees of variation among experimental sites, exceeding 120% at Berrechid and Tiflet while approaching 98% at Bouchane. Tiflet expressed the lowest seed setting at 11.26%. Pearson’s correlation matrix analysis showed a significant positive correlation between plant size at maturity and inflorescence length. An analysis of mixed model interactions (AMMI) revealed the first interaction; principal component axis explained 53.3% of the total variation while the second axis described 46.7%. Four homogeneous groups emerged. The recombinant inbred lines have segregated for tolerance to high temperatures as evidenced by their variable seed setting rates and grain and DM yields.

Resumen El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar líneas de triticale (X. Triticosecale Wittmack) de valor en la industria alimentaria, con base en sus propiedades físicas y químicas. Veinte líneas élite de triticale primaveral del programa de investigación del CIMMyT se establecieron bajo un diseño experimental completamente al azarcón seis repeticiones durante 2018 en Celaya, Guanajuato, México, donde se evaluaron las variables: PMG, PH, humedad, cenizas, grasa, fibra, proteína y carbohidratos. Los resultados mostraron diferencias (p≤ 0.05) entre líneas, los mayores valores de PMG, PH y porcentaje superior en grasa, fibra, proteínas y carbohidratos se encontraron en las líneas L-18, L-17 y L-14, además de L-20, L-10 y L-19. El modelo AMMI detectó diferencias significativas (p≤ 0.05) para las líneas y sus interacciones con las variables fisicoquímicas; el gráfico biplot mostró que las líneas L-18, L-7, L-10, L-17 y L-20 expresaron mayor asociación con PMG, PH, proteínas, grasas, fibra y carbohidratos, lo que les permite considerarlas en el uso de la industria alimentaria por obtener promedios superiores.

Abstract The objective of this research was to identify lines of triticale (X. Triticosecale Wittmack) of value in the food industry, based on their physical and chemical properties. Twenty elite lines of spring triticale from the CIMMYT research program were established under a completely randomized experimental design with six repetitions during 2018 in Celaya, Guanajuato, Mexico, where the following variables were evaluated: WTG, HW, moisture, ashes, fat, fiber, protein, and carbohydrates. The results showed differences (p≤ 0.05) between lines, the highest values of WTG, HW and the highest percentage in fat, fiber, proteins and carbohydrates were found in lines L-18, L-17 and L-14, in addition to L-20, L-10 and L-19. The AMMI model detected significant differences (p≤ 0.05) for the lines and their interactions with physicochemical variables; the biplot graph showed that lines L-18, L-7, L-10, L-17 and L-20 expressed greater association with WTG, HW, proteins, fats, fiber and carbohydrates, which allows them to be considered in the use of the food industry for obtaining higher averages.

RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a adaptabilidade e estabilidade da produtividade da soja para sistemas orgânicos em diferentes ambientes. Foram utilizados dados de produtividade de grãos (GY, kg ha-1) de experimentos com seis genótipos de soja avaliados em seis ambientes no Brasil e um ambiente no Paraguai. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi blocos casualizados, organizados em esquema fatorial incompleto, com seis ambientes no Brasil (Toledo - PR, Palotina - PR, Mangueirinha - PR, Três Passos - RS, Passo Fundo - RS, Major Vieira - SC) e um no Paraguai (Bela Vista do Norte - PY) com seis genótipos de soja (BRS 284, BRS 391, BRS 511, BRS 523, BRS 525, BRS 535) dispostos em quatro repetições por ambiente. O genótipo BRS 511 foi caracterizado por alta produtividade média de grãos e estabilidade pelo método AMMI. O genótipo BRS 284 foi identificado como o genótipo ideal pelo método GGE biplot. Os índices WAASBY e BLUP selecionaram os genótipos BRS511 e BRS284. RESUMO GY, GY (GY ha1 ha 1 ha-1 casualizados incompleto Toledo PR RS SC Bela PY 391 523 525 535 51 AMMI 28 biplot BRS51 BRS284 ha- 39 52 53 5 2 BRS5 BRS28 3 BRS2

ABSTRACT: This research determined the adaptability and stability of soybean yield for organic systems in different environments. Grain yield data (GY, kg ha-1) from experiments with six soybean genotypes evaluated in six environments in Brazil and one environment in Paraguay were used. The experimental design used was randomized blocks, organized in an incomplete factorial scheme, with six environments in Brazil (Toledo- PR, Palotina- PR, Mangueirinha- PR, Três Passos- RS, Passo Fundo- RS, Major Vieira- SC) and one in Paraguay (Bela Vista do Norte- PY) with six soybean genotypes (BRS 284, BRS 391, BRS 511, BRS 523, BRS 525, BRS 535) arranged in four replications per environment. BRS 511 genotype was characterized by high average grain yield and stability by the AMMI method. BRS 284 genotype was identified as the ideal genotype in the GGE biplot method. WAASBY and BLUP index selected BRS511 and BRS284 genotypes. ABSTRACT GY, GY (GY ha1 ha 1 ha-1 blocks scheme Toledo (Toledo PR Palotina Mangueirinha Passos RS Fundo Vieira SC Bela Norte PY 391 523 525 535 51 method 28 BRS51 BRS28 ha- 39 52 53 5 2 BRS5 BRS2 3

Abstract Bean breeding programs have focused on the generation of early bush cultivars with higher yields, commercial acceptance and resistance to crop-limiting diseases. This study prioritized the nutritional quality in terms of iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) content in bean grains grown in three high tropical environments. Two bush bean cultivars and five climbing bean cultivars were evaluated. The mineral content of the grains was determined with atomic absorption spectroscopy. The results indicated that the bush genotypes Bacatá and Bianca are biofortified with Fe and Zn and the climbing cultivar Sutagao is biofortified with Zn. Statistical differences were found between genotypes (G), environments (E) and GxE interactions. According to the AMMI stability value (ASV), the cultivars Sutagao, Bianca and Iraca were stable, whereas Bacatá, which was the one with the highest nutritional quality, was moderately stable. The Simijaca environment showed an adequate edaphic contribution to bean production with nutritional quality.

ABSTRACT The objectives were to estimate the potential of S2 corn progenies for forage-related traits, and use of AMMI analysis to evaluate topcrosses compared to the classic analyzes. Progenies were crosses with four different testers: LG 6030, 2B688, 9.H3.33 and 53F.P37. Topcross hybrids were evaluated in four 9 x 9 simple square lattice design, during the 2017/18 season at Maringa, Parana State. Grain yield, forage fresh matter yield, and forage dry matter yield were measured. Classical approach was composed by variance components, general and specific combining ability, whereas AMMI analysis was performed for progenies x testers interaction, considering additive main effects and multiplicative effects. Considering the classical approach, testers LG 6030 and 2B688 better expressed the genetic variability between progenies for grain yield. AMMI analysis allowed the partitioning of the sum of squares in additive main effects and multiplicative effects, being a complementary result for the classical approach. Progeny 14 was selected due to higher general combining ability for grain yield, forage fresh matter and forage dry matter yield. Topcrosses 14x9.H3.33 and 14x2B688 were selected due to their higher specific combining ability, additive and multiplicative effects. The AMMI analysis was effective and helped in the interpretation of the results.