ABSTRACT Research on genetic improvement for the cultivation of lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam.) in Colombia is limited. Specifically, research related to genotype-by-environment interaction (GEI) and stability in agronomic traits is scarce. This study aimed to identify superior genotypes by evaluating GEI and the stability of fruit weight (FW), ascorbic acid (AA), and yield among 10 half-sib families (HSF). Four trials were established at San Pedro de Cartago, Arboleda, Tangua and La Union of the department of Nariño (Colombia), using the randomized complete block design with four repetitions. To analyze GEI, the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model and some AMMI stability parameters were used. In Tangua, HSF7 and the control exhibited specific adaptation with yields of 12.82 and 13.41 t ha-1, respectively, and FW greater than 100 g. In Arboleda, HSF29 obtained the highest yield (16.14 t ha-1) with an FW of 100.53 g. HSF4, HSF28 and HSF49 reached yields above 9.0 t ha-1 and a FW greater than 100 g, indicating their stability and suitability for any of the environments evaluated. HSF25 in AA and HSF29 in yield presented specific adaptation in Arboleda. Stable families across environments with good yield were HSF4, HSF28, and HSF49, with HSF4 and HSF28 showing higher values in two of the three traits, and HSF49 excelling in all three variables. These families can be used in plant breeding programs as parents or distributed to farmers as improved varieties.

RESUMEN La investigación sobre mejoramiento genético para el cultivo de lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam.) en Colombia es limitada. Especificamente, la investigación relacionada con la interacción genotipo-ambiente (IGA) y la estabilidad en caracteres agronómicos es escasa. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar genotipos sobresalientes mediante la evaluación de la IGA y la estabilidad del peso del fruto (PF), ácido ascórbico (AA) y rendimiento de 10 familias de medio hermanos (FMH). Se establecieron cuatro ensayos en San Pedro de Cartago, Arboleda, Tangua y La Unión del departamento de Nariño (Colombia), utilizando el diseño de bloques completos al azar con cuatro repeticiones. Para analizar el IGA se utilizó el modelo aditivo de efectos principales e interacción multiplicativa (AMMI) y algunos parámetros de estabilidad AMMI. En Tangua, FMH7 y el control presentaron adaptación específica con rendimientos de 12,82 y 13,41 t ha-1, respectivamente y PF mayor a 100 g. En Arboleda, la FMH29 obtuvo el mayor rendimiento (16,14 t ha-1) con un PF de 100,53 g. FMH4, FMH28 y FMH49 alcanzaron rendimientos superiores a 9,0 t ha-1 y un PF mayor a 100 g, lo que indica su estabilidad e idoneidad para cualquiera de los ambientes evaluados. FMH25 en AA y FMH29 en rendimiento presentaron adaptación específica en Arboleda. Las familias estables en ambientes con buen rendimiento fueron FMH4, FMH28 y FMH49, donde FMH4 y FMH28 mostraron valores superiores en dos de los tres caracteres, y FMH49 destacó en las tres variables. Estas familias pueden utilizarse en programas de fitomejoramiento como parentales o entregarse a los agricultores como variedades mejoradas.

Abstract Currently, sweet corn is considered an important crop due to its high sugar content and low starch content. Important sugars in sweet corn include sucrose, fructose, glucose, and maltose. The purpose of the present study was to use the yield indices of the eight examined sweet corn hybrids and the correlation of the yield indices together. Concentration is important for consumers in terms of yield indices. The research site was located at the Látókép Experimental Station of the University of Debrecen. The small plot experiment had a strip plot design with four replications. The previous crop was sweet corn; the plant density was 64 thousand/ha. The obtained result indicates that Biplot AMMI based on IPCA1 showed that the DB, NO, GS, and GB hybrids had stability and high performance in terms of yield indices. At the same time, fructose and glucose had stable parameters for the hybrids involved in the study. IPCA1 AMMI biplot showed that the ME hybrid had stability and high performance in terms of iron and zinc as well. IPCA2 AMMI biplot showed that DE, GB, and GS hybrids had stability and the highest performance on yield parameters in the scope of the research. Fructose, glucose, and sucrose had stable parameters on hybrids based on IPCA2. The DB and SE hybrids had desirable performance in Lutein and Zeaxanthin based on the biplot. The DE hybrid had a maximum performance on iron and zinc parameters. Currently maltose together Debrecen replications 6 thousandha thousand ha thousand/ha IPCA NO time well Fructose

Resumo Atualmente, o milho-doce é considerado uma cultura importante devido ao alto teor de açúcar e baixo teor de amido. Açúcares importantes no milho-doce incluem sacarose, frutose, glicose e maltose. O objetivo do presente estudo foi utilizar os índices de rendimento dos 8 híbridos de milho-doce examinados e a correlação dos índices de rendimento juntos. A concentração é importante para os consumidores com relação aos índices de rendimento. O local da pesquisa foi localizado na Estação Experimental Látókép da Universidade de Debrecen, Hungria. O experimento realizado em pequenas parcelas teve um desenho de parcela de tiras com quatro repetições. A safra anterior era de milho-doce; a densidade de plantas foi de 64 mil/ha. O resultado obtido indica que o Biplot AMMI baseado no IPCA1 mostrou que os híbridos DB, NO, GS e GB apresentaram estabilidade e alto desempenho em termos de índices de produtividade. Ao mesmo tempo, frutose e glicose apresentaram parâmetros estáveis para os híbridos envolvidos no estudo. O biplot IPCA1 AMMI mostrou que o híbrido ME apresentou estabilidade e alto desempenho também quanto ao ferro e zinco. Já o biplot IPCA2 AMMI mostrou que os híbridos DE, GB e GS tiveram estabilidade e o melhor desempenho nos parâmetros de rendimento no escopo da pesquisa. Frutose, glicose e sacarose tiveram parâmetros estáveis em híbridos baseados em IPCA2. Os híbridos DB e SE tiveram desempenho desejável em luteína e zeaxantina com base no biplot. O híbrido DE teve desempenho máximo nos parâmetros de ferro e zinco. Atualmente milhodoce milho doce amido maltose juntos Debrecen Hungria repetições 6 milha mil ha mil/ha IPCA NO produtividade tempo zinco Frutose

Resumo O estudo de pesquisa de campo foi realizado na temporada (2017). A soja e as ervas daninhas foram amostradas semanalmente de forma aleatória. Tripes adultos foram identificados e contados. A detecção do vírus isolado e a incidência natural foram determinadas usando transmissão mecânica, gama de hospedeiros, DAS-ELISA, RT-PCR. A incidência natural de tripes em indivíduos foi detectada dependendo da % de SVNV em tripes e hospedeiros infestantes. Dez espécies de tripes foram associadas a plantas de soja no campo. A espécie mais abundante foi T. tabaci, com média de 256,5 número médio de indivíduos, seguida por F. occidentalis (142,5) e N. variabilis (86,6 / número médio de indivíduos). Catorze espécies de tripes ocorreram em 5 culturas de leguminosas e 41 espécies de plantas daninhas dentro de campos de soja. O maior número médio de 40,6 indivíduos foi registrado em Ammi majus. Enquanto o mais baixo, 3,3 número médio de indivíduos, foi no Urtica urens. Apenas 21 espécies de plantas diagnosticadas foram suscetíveis à infecção com SVNV. G. max e Vigna radiate foram os maiores percentuais de infecção, 80%, seguidos por V. unguilata e N. benthamiana, 75%. O isolado egípcio neste estudo mostrou um alto grau de similaridade e está intimamente relacionado ao TSWV do Egito (DQ479968) e ao TCSV dos EUA (KY820965), com identidade de sequência de nucleotídeos de 78%. Quatro espécies de tripes transmitiram SVNV (F. fusca 4,0%, F. schultzei 4,3%, F. tritici 3,3% e N. variabilis 68,0% de transmissão). Tanto C. phaseoli quanto M. sjostedti podem adquirir o vírus, mas não podem transmiti-lo. As seguintes espécies, T. tabaci, F. occidentalis, S. dorsallis e T. palmi não podem adquirir ou transmitir SVNV. A incidência de SVNV no campo, iniciada no final de julho, aumentou gradativamente de 12,7 para 71,3% no final da temporada. Em conclusão, poucos indivíduos de tripes invadiram a cultura da soja e são suficientes para transmitir alta taxa de SVNV dentro da cultura. Além disso, várias espécies de vetores também abundam em ervas daninhas, que são as principais fontes dos vírus da soja transmitidos às lavouras. Essas informações podem ser importantes para controlar e reduzir a incidência de infecção por SVNV.

Abstract Field survey study was conducted season (2017). Soybeans and weeds were weekly sampled randomly. Thrips adults were identified and counted. Detection of the virus isolate and the natural incidence was determined using; Mechanical transmission, host range, DAS-ELISA, RT-PCR. The natural incidence thrips individuals was detected depending on the SVNV% in thrips individuals and weeds hosts. Ten thrips species were associated with soybean plants in the field. The most abundant species was T. tabaci, average 256.5 average no.of individuals, followed by F. occidentalis (142.5 average no. of individuals), then N. variabilis (86.6/ average no. of individuals). Fourteen thrips species occurred on 5 legumes field crops and 41 weed plant species within soybean field. The highest average number 40.6.of individuals were recorded on Ammi majus. While the lowest one 3.3 average no. of individuals were on Urtica urens. Only 21diagnostic plant species were susceptible to infection with SVNV. G. max and Vigna radiate, were the highest percentage of infection 80% followed by V. unguilata & N. benthamiana, 75%. Egyptian isolate of Soybean vein necrosis virus (SVNV) in this study showed a high degree of similarity and it is closely related to TSWV from Egypt (DQ479968) and TCSV from USA (KY820965) with nucleotide sequence identity of 78%. Four thrips species transmitted SVNV (F. fusca 4.0%, F. schultzei 4.3%, F. tritici 3.3% and N. variabilis 68.0% transmission). Both C. phaseoli and M. sjostedti can acquire the virus but unable to transmit it. The following species; T. tabaci, F. occidentalis, S. dorsallis and T. palmi cannot acquire or transmit SVNV. The incidence of SVNV in the field started by the end of July then increased gradualy from 12.7 to 71.3% by the end of the season. In conclusion, few thrips individuals invaded soybean crops are enough to transmit high rate of SVNV within the crop. Furthermore, several vector species are also abundant on weeds, which are the major sources of soybean viruses transmitted to the crops. This information might be important for control and reduce the incidence of SVNV infection.

Resumo A mosca-branca é uma das pragas agrícolas mais difundidas no mundo. Os óleos essenciais podem ser usados para controlar esse inseto de forma ambientalmente responsável. A atividade fumigante, repelente e antioviposição de óleos essenciais extraídos com etanol de Trachyspermum ammi, Withania coagulans e Murraya koenigii contra Bemisia tabaci foi investigada neste estudo. No experimento, foram utilizadas três concentrações de óleo essencial (2,5 mg/mL, 5 mg/mL e 10 mg/mL). Trachyspermum ammi teve a maior porcentagem de morte de mosca-branca em experimentos de laboratório devido à sua toxicidade fumigante; a mesma tendência foi encontrada na toxicidade de contato e efeito repelente. A porcentagem de mortalidade aumenta à medida que a concentração de óleo essencial aumenta com o tempo do bioensaio. À medida que a concentração de óleo essencial cresce com o tempo de bioensaio, o mesmo acontece com a taxa de mortalidade. A maioria das moscas-brancas adultas escapou da estufa das plantas tratadas devido à maior concentração de óleo essencial. A maior repelência foi encontrada com óleo essencial de Trachyspermum ammi a 10 mg/mL. O óleo essencial apresentou a maior eficácia antioviposição contra moscas-brancas. Trachyspermum ammi teve o mais potente impedimento antioviposição, seguido por Withania coagulans em segundo lugar. Murraya koenigii terminou em terceiro com antioviposição moderada, o que afeta o número de ovos produzidos em relação ao controle. Como consequência, esses três óleos podem ser usados como um bioinseticida eficaz e ambientalmente aceitável para controlar B. tabaci.

Abstract Whitefly is one of the most widespread agricultural pests in the world. Essential oils might be used to control this insect in an environmentally responsible way. The fumigant, repellent, and anti-oviposition activity of ethanol-extracted essential oils of Trachyspermum ammi, Withania coagulans, and Murraya koenigii against Bemisia tabaci was investigated in this study. In the experiment, three essential oil concentrations (2.5 mg/mL, 5 mg/mL, and 10 mg/mL) were used. Trachyspermum ammi had the highest percentage of whitefly death in laboratory experiments due to its fumigant toxicity; the same tendency was found in contact toxicity and repellent effect. Mortality percent rises as the concentration of essential oil increases with bioassay time. As the concentration of essential oil grows with bioassay time, so does the mortality rate. The most adult whiteflies escaped from the treated plants' greenhouse due to the highest essential oil concentration. The greatest repellency was found with Trachyspermum ammi essential oil at 10 mg/mL. The essential oil had the greatest anti-oviposition efficacy against whiteflies. Trachyspermum ammi possessed the most potent anti-oviposition deterrent, followed by Withania coagulans in second place. Murraya koenigii finished third with moderate anti-oviposition, which affects the number of eggs produced in comparison to the control. As a consequence, these three oils might be used as an effective and environmentally acceptable bio-insecticide to control B. tabaci.

Abstract Identifying a stable high-yielding variety is challenging. This paper reports high-yielding and stable durum wheat candidates identified using AMMI, GGE biplot models, and stability parameters. Twenty-five lines were evaluated in 13 environments in 2018 and 2019 using a triplicate row-column design. AMMI, stability, and GGE biplot analyses were conducted using packages in the R statistical software. AMMI indicated highly significant effects of environments, genotypes, and their interactions on grain yield. The highest proportion of the total sum of squares accounted for by the environment (42.3%), followed by the genotype by environment interaction (26.7%), may suggest the presence of diverse environments grouped into mega-environments. The environments fell into three sectors on the which-won-where view of the biplot and they were grouped into two mega-environments. Genotypes 5 and 15 were the highest yielding and most stable among all and are recommended as candidate varieties for the midlands to highlands of Ethiopia. highyielding high challenging models parameters Twentyfive Twenty five 1 201 rowcolumn row column design software genotypes yield 42.3%, 423 42.3% , 42 3 (42.3%) 26.7%, 267 26.7% 26 7 (26.7%) megaenvironments. megaenvironments mega environments. mega-environments whichwonwhere which won where Ethiopia 20 42.3 4 (42.3% 26.7 2 (26.7% 42. (42.3 26. (26.7 (42. (26. (42 (26 (4 (2 (

ABSTRACT Purple-fleshed sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) have gained attention from producers and consumers for their nutritional values and high levels of anthocyanins. This study aimed to evaluate the adaptability and stability of these genotypes in producing regions of Brazil with AMMI and WAASB methodologies. The recently released purple-fleshed cultivars BRS Anembé and BRS Cotinga, along with four purple-fleshed advanced clones (BGBD0080, BGBD1399, BGBD1402, and BGBD1405), and the cultivars Brazlândia Roxa and Beauregard as controls, were evaluated in eight environments using a complete randomized block design with four replications. The roots were evaluated on yield, appearance, insect damage, and shape traits. The new purple-fleshed cultivars BRS Cotinga and BRS Anembé stood out in their higher root yield, good root shape and weight, expressive resistance to insect damage, and adaptability to environments with higher yield potential. Additionally, ‘BRS Anembé’ also showed a favorable root appearance. The cultivar Beauregard was the most susceptible to insect damage while ‘Brazlândia Roxa’ demonstrated the highest resistance. Purplefleshed Purple fleshed Ipomoea batatas anthocyanins methodologies purplefleshed purple BGBD0080, BGBD0080 BGBD (BGBD0080 BGBD1399 BGBD1402 BGBD1405, BGBD1405 , BGBD1405) controls replications appearance traits weight potential Additionally BGBD008 (BGBD008 BGBD139 BGBD140 BGBD00 (BGBD00 BGBD13 BGBD14 BGBD0 (BGBD0 BGBD1 (BGBD

RESUMO Batatas-doces (Ipomoea batatas) de polpa roxa têm chamado a atenção de produtores e consumidores por seu valor nutricional e altos teores de antocianinas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a adaptabilidade e estabilidade de genótipos de batata-doce de polpa roxa em regiões produtoras do Brasil utilizando as metodologias AMMI e WAASB. As novas cultivares de polpa roxa BRS Anembé e BRS Cotinga juntamente com quatro clones avançados de polpa roxa (BGBD0080, BGBD1399, BGBD1402 e BGBD1405), e as cultivares testemunha Brazlândia Roxa e Beauregard, foram avaliados em oito ambientes usando delineamento em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. Na colheita, as raízes foram avaliadas quanto ao rendimento, aparência, danos causados por insetos e características de formato. As novas cultivares de polpa roxa BRS Cotinga e BRS Anembé destacaram-se pela maior produtividade de raízes, bom formato e peso de raízes, expressiva resistência a danos causados por insetos, e adaptabilidade a ambientes com maior potencial produtivo. Adicionalmente, ‘BRS Anembé’ também apresentou aparência de raiz favorável. A cultivar Beauregard mostrou-se mais suscetível a danos causados por insetos, enquanto ‘Brazlândia Roxa’ apresentou a maior resistência. Batatasdoces Batatas doces Ipomoea batatas antocianinas batatadoce batata doce WAASB BGBD0080, BGBD0080 BGBD (BGBD0080 BGBD1399 BGBD140 BGBD1405, BGBD1405 , BGBD1405) repetições colheita rendimento destacaramse destacaram se produtivo Adicionalmente favorável mostrouse mostrou BGBD008 (BGBD008 BGBD139 BGBD14 BGBD00 (BGBD00 BGBD13 BGBD1 BGBD0 (BGBD0 (BGBD

Abstract Under different environmental conditions, crop yields differ primarily due to G and E interactions. The Global Rice Array (GRA-IV) is IRRI's fourth flagship project to identify climate-resilient rice genotypes. Use of Several univariate and multivariate methods can differentiate genotypes based on their behaviour under different environmental conditions. Since genotypes were ranked differently across models, ASR and Yield Stability Index (YSI) were combined in this study. It included 15 rice genotypes (from a collection of global rice arrays IV called the "Antenna Panel"). Experimentation done in five diverse environments in the Northern Tarai region of India. Grain yield over five diverse environments was significantly influenced by genotypes, G (24.51%), environments, E (40.79%), and genotype and environment effects combined (34.69%). G2, G5, G8, G15 and G10 exhibited lowest ASR values. G2 is the most stable high-yielder, concluded on the basis of new stability index calculated by combining the ASR's and YSI values; these superior genotypes can benefit breeding programs in the future. A stable-high yielder can be more accurately predicted with the new stability index. conditions interactions GRAIV GRA (GRA-IV IRRIs IRRI s climateresilient climate resilient models (YSI study 1 from Antenna Panel. Panel . Panel") India 24.51%, 2451 24.51% , 24 51 (24.51%) 40.79%, 4079 40.79% 40 79 (40.79%) 34.69%. 3469 34.69% 34 69 (34.69%) G5 G8 G1 values highyielder, highyielder high yielder, high-yielder ASRs future stablehigh Panel" 245 24.51 2 5 (24.51% 407 40.79 4 7 (40.79% 346 34.69 3 6 (34.69% 24.5 (24.51 40.7 (40.79 34.6 (34.69 24. (24.5 40. (40.7 34. (34.6 (24. (40. (34. (24 (40 (34 (2 (4 (3 (

ABSTRACT Brazil boasts a vast variety of environmental conditions conducive to maize cultivation. Given the various maize hybrids available in the Brazilian market, properly selecting and positioning different genetic materials are critical for successful grain production. Thus, this study aimed to determine the adaptability and stability of different maize hybrids, comparing the Eberhart and Russell and AMMI models, to guide the positioning of these maize hybrids in subtropical regions. A randomized block experimental design with six hybrids and three replicates was used. The experimental environments were defined by combinations of factors such as location, sowing time, fungicide management and irrigation, resulting in 12 distinct environments. Notably, the two models largely agree. For instance, the AG 9025 PRO3 hybrid showed a high yield during early sowing under favorable conditions, whereas the AS 1730 PRO3 and DKB 230 PRO3 hybrids had good yields even under unfavorable conditions. The main limitation of the Eberhart and Russell model is its limited ability to interpret stability, classifying hybrids only as having high or low predictability, limiting the detailed interpretation of stability. Conversely, the AMMI model offers a more detailed analysis of stability, allowing the interpretation of hybrid stability within a broader set and presenting information graphically, which facilitates understanding and enables a more comprehensive and accurate analysis for the appropriate positioning of maize hybrids. cultivation market production Thus regions used location time irrigation 1 Notably agree instance 902 PRO 173 23 predictability Conversely graphically 90 17 2 9

RESUMO O Brasil apresenta uma diversidade de condições ambientais propícias para o cultivo de milho. Considerando a quantidade de híbridos de milho disponíveis no mercado brasileiro, a seleção e o posicionamento precisos dos materiais genéticos são fundamentais para o êxito na produção. Este estudo tem como objetivo determinar a adaptabilidade e estabilidade de diferentes híbridos de milho, comparando as metodologias de Eberhart e Russell e AMMI, para orientar o posicionamento desses híbridos em regiões subtropicais. Utilizou-se um delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso com seis híbridos e três repetições. Os ambientes experimentais foram definidos por combinações de fatores como local, época de semeadura, manejo com fungicida e irrigação, resultando em 12 ambientes distintos. Os resultados demonstram que as metodologias avaliadas corroboram parcialmente entre si. O híbrido AG 9025 PRO3 mostrou-se altamente produtivo em semeaduras precoces em ambientes favoráveis. Em contraste, os híbridos AS 1730 PRO3 e DKB 230 PRO3 apresentaram bom desempenho produtivo mesmo em condições desfavoráveis. A principal limitação do modelo Eberhart e Russell é a sua capacidade limitada de interpretar a estabilidade, classificando os híbridos apenas como de alta ou baixa previsibilidade, o que limita a interpretação detalhada da estabilidade. Por outro lado, o modelo AMMI oferece uma análise mais detalhada da estabilidade, permitindo interpretar a estabilidade dos híbridos dentro de um conjunto mais amplo e apresentar informações de forma gráfica, o que facilita a compreensão e possibilita uma análise mais abrangente e precisa para o posicionamento adequado de híbridos de milho. brasileiro produção subtropicais Utilizouse Utilizou se repetições local semeadura irrigação 1 distintos si 902 PRO mostrouse mostrou favoráveis contraste 173 23 desfavoráveis previsibilidade lado gráfica 90 17 2 9

RESUMEN En Nariño, las variedades de arveja voluble, debido a su alta capacidad productiva, no logran mantenerse erguidas a pesar del uso de sistemas de tutorado, lo que genera acame y pérdidas en el rendimiento y la calidad del producto. Una opción viable para mitigar el problema es el uso de genotipos volubles con el gen afila que reemplaza hojas por zarcillos, favoreciendo el agarre de las plantas sobre las cuerdas que sirven de tutores. En busca de una solución a este problema, se evaluó la adaptabilidad y estabilidad fenotípica para el rendimiento en vaina verde de 20 líneas de arveja voluble con el gen afila y los testigos de hoja normal Obonuco Andina y Sindamanoy en cinco municipios del sur del departamento de Nariño. En cada localidad se aplicó un diseño de bloques completos al azar con cuatro repeticiones. Los datos obtenidos se analizaron utilizando los modelos de Eberhart y Russell y AMMI. En el modelo de Eberhart y Russell, los ambientes más favorables fueron Puerres y Gualmatán y el ambiente más desfavorable fue Potosí. Las líneas GR15, GR10 y la variedad Sindamanoy fueron seleccionadas como de alto rendimiento, adaptables y predecibles. El análisis de varianza para el modelo AMMI indicó un alto efecto ambiental resultante de ambientes contrastantes y baja diversidad entre las líneas con el gen afila evaluadas. El índice de selección (GSIi) obtenido a partir del valor de estabilidad (ASV) y la clasificación por rendimiento, permitió la identificación y selección por orden de mérito de los genotipos Obonuco Andina, GR15, GR14, GR28, GR10, GR2, GR23, Sindamanoy y GR3 como los de mayor estabilidad y rendimiento. La coincidencia en la selección entre los modelos Eberhart y Russell y AMMI fue del 33,3%.

ABSTRACT In Nariño, the climbing pea varieties, due to their high production capacity, are unable to stand upright despite the use of trellising systems, resulting in lodging and losses in yield and product quality. A viable option to mitigate the problem is the use of climbing genotypes with the afila gene that replaces leaves with tendrils, favoring the grip of the plants on the strings that serve as tutors. In search of a solution to this problem, the adaptability and phenotypic stability for green pod yield of 20 climbing pea lines with the afila gene and the normal-leaf controls Obonuco Andina and Sindamanoy were evaluated in five municipalities in the southern part of the department of Nariño. A randomized complete block design with four replications was used at each location. The data obtained were analyzed using the Eberhart and Russell and AMMI models. In the Eberhart and Russell model, the most favorable environments were Puerres and Gualmatán and the most unfavorable environment was Potosí. Lines GR15, GR10 and the Sindamanoy variety were selected as high yielding, adaptable and predictable. The analysis of variance for the AMMI model indicated a high environmental effect, resulting from contrasting environments and low diversity between the lines with the afila gene evaluated. The selection index (GSIi) obtained from the stability value (ASV) and the classification by yield, allowed the identification and selection in order of merit of the genotypes Obonuco Andina, GR15, GR14, GR28, GR10, GR2, GR23, Sindamanoy and GR3 as those with the highest stability and yield. The coincidence in selection between the Eberhart and Russell and AMMI models was 33,3%.

Resumen El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar líneas de triticale (X. Triticosecale Wittmack) de valor en la industria alimentaria, con base en sus propiedades físicas y químicas. Veinte líneas élite de triticale primaveral del programa de investigación del CIMMyT se establecieron bajo un diseño experimental completamente al azarcón seis repeticiones durante 2018 en Celaya, Guanajuato, México, donde se evaluaron las variables: PMG, PH, humedad, cenizas, grasa, fibra, proteína y carbohidratos. Los resultados mostraron diferencias (p≤ 0.05) entre líneas, los mayores valores de PMG, PH y porcentaje superior en grasa, fibra, proteínas y carbohidratos se encontraron en las líneas L-18, L-17 y L-14, además de L-20, L-10 y L-19. El modelo AMMI detectó diferencias significativas (p≤ 0.05) para las líneas y sus interacciones con las variables fisicoquímicas; el gráfico biplot mostró que las líneas L-18, L-7, L-10, L-17 y L-20 expresaron mayor asociación con PMG, PH, proteínas, grasas, fibra y carbohidratos, lo que les permite considerarlas en el uso de la industria alimentaria por obtener promedios superiores.

Abstract The objective of this research was to identify lines of triticale (X. Triticosecale Wittmack) of value in the food industry, based on their physical and chemical properties. Twenty elite lines of spring triticale from the CIMMYT research program were established under a completely randomized experimental design with six repetitions during 2018 in Celaya, Guanajuato, Mexico, where the following variables were evaluated: WTG, HW, moisture, ashes, fat, fiber, protein, and carbohydrates. The results showed differences (p≤ 0.05) between lines, the highest values of WTG, HW and the highest percentage in fat, fiber, proteins and carbohydrates were found in lines L-18, L-17 and L-14, in addition to L-20, L-10 and L-19. The AMMI model detected significant differences (p≤ 0.05) for the lines and their interactions with physicochemical variables; the biplot graph showed that lines L-18, L-7, L-10, L-17 and L-20 expressed greater association with WTG, HW, proteins, fats, fiber and carbohydrates, which allows them to be considered in the use of the food industry for obtaining higher averages.

ABSTRACT: This research determined the adaptability and stability of soybean yield for organic systems in different environments. Grain yield data (GY, kg ha-1) from experiments with six soybean genotypes evaluated in six environments in Brazil and one environment in Paraguay were used. The experimental design used was randomized blocks, organized in an incomplete factorial scheme, with six environments in Brazil (Toledo- PR, Palotina- PR, Mangueirinha- PR, Três Passos- RS, Passo Fundo- RS, Major Vieira- SC) and one in Paraguay (Bela Vista do Norte- PY) with six soybean genotypes (BRS 284, BRS 391, BRS 511, BRS 523, BRS 525, BRS 535) arranged in four replications per environment. BRS 511 genotype was characterized by high average grain yield and stability by the AMMI method. BRS 284 genotype was identified as the ideal genotype in the GGE biplot method. WAASBY and BLUP index selected BRS511 and BRS284 genotypes. ABSTRACT GY, GY (GY ha1 ha 1 ha-1 blocks scheme Toledo (Toledo PR Palotina Mangueirinha Passos RS Fundo Vieira SC Bela Norte PY 391 523 525 535 51 method 28 BRS51 BRS28 ha- 39 52 53 5 2 BRS5 BRS2 3

RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a adaptabilidade e estabilidade da produtividade da soja para sistemas orgânicos em diferentes ambientes. Foram utilizados dados de produtividade de grãos (GY, kg ha-1) de experimentos com seis genótipos de soja avaliados em seis ambientes no Brasil e um ambiente no Paraguai. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi blocos casualizados, organizados em esquema fatorial incompleto, com seis ambientes no Brasil (Toledo - PR, Palotina - PR, Mangueirinha - PR, Três Passos - RS, Passo Fundo - RS, Major Vieira - SC) e um no Paraguai (Bela Vista do Norte - PY) com seis genótipos de soja (BRS 284, BRS 391, BRS 511, BRS 523, BRS 525, BRS 535) dispostos em quatro repetições por ambiente. O genótipo BRS 511 foi caracterizado por alta produtividade média de grãos e estabilidade pelo método AMMI. O genótipo BRS 284 foi identificado como o genótipo ideal pelo método GGE biplot. Os índices WAASBY e BLUP selecionaram os genótipos BRS511 e BRS284. RESUMO GY, GY (GY ha1 ha 1 ha-1 casualizados incompleto Toledo PR RS SC Bela PY 391 523 525 535 51 AMMI 28 biplot BRS51 BRS284 ha- 39 52 53 5 2 BRS5 BRS28 3 BRS2

ABSTRACT The objectives were to estimate the potential of S2 corn progenies for forage-related traits, and use of AMMI analysis to evaluate topcrosses compared to the classic analyzes. Progenies were crosses with four different testers: LG 6030, 2B688, 9.H3.33 and 53F.P37. Topcross hybrids were evaluated in four 9 x 9 simple square lattice design, during the 2017/18 season at Maringa, Parana State. Grain yield, forage fresh matter yield, and forage dry matter yield were measured. Classical approach was composed by variance components, general and specific combining ability, whereas AMMI analysis was performed for progenies x testers interaction, considering additive main effects and multiplicative effects. Considering the classical approach, testers LG 6030 and 2B688 better expressed the genetic variability between progenies for grain yield. AMMI analysis allowed the partitioning of the sum of squares in additive main effects and multiplicative effects, being a complementary result for the classical approach. Progeny 14 was selected due to higher general combining ability for grain yield, forage fresh matter and forage dry matter yield. Topcrosses 14x9.H3.33 and 14x2B688 were selected due to their higher specific combining ability, additive and multiplicative effects. The AMMI analysis was effective and helped in the interpretation of the results. S foragerelated related traits analyzes B 9H333 H H3 33 9.H3.3 53FP37 FP 53F P37 F P 53F.P37 design 201718 2017 18 2017/1 Maringa State measured components interaction 603 2B68 1 14x9H333 xH 14x9 14x9.H3.3 xB 14x2B68 results 9H33 3 9.H3. 53FP3 P3 53F.P3 20171 201 2017/ 60 2B6 14x9H33 14x 14x9.H3. 14x2B6 9H3 9.H3 53FP 53F.P 20 6 2B 14x9H3 14x9.H3 14x2B 9H 9.H 2 14x9H 14x9.H

ABSTRACT Quinoa is a highly adaptable crop due to its considerable genetic variability, making it an important trait for cultivation under different soil and climatic conditions. To achieve crop-wide adaptation, it is essential to identify variability based on morpho-agronomic differences and genotype x environment (GxE) interaction. This study aimed to characterize eight quinoa progenies in Brazil and Colombia. The experiments in Brazil were conducted in an irrigated area of the Fazenda Água Limpa, Universidade de Brasília, at 1,100 m, on two dates: March to July 2018 and May to August 2019. In Colombia, experiments were carried out in Santander de Quilichao and Popayán at 1,100 and 1,800 m, respectively. The treatments consisted of five progenies selected in Brazil, one from Colombia, and two from Ecuador. The experiments followed a complete randomized block design, with eight progenies and four replications. For statistical analysis, the F test was used with p≤0.01 and p≤0.05. Means were grouped by the Scott-Knott test. The AMMI (Additive Main effects and Multiplicative Interaction) analysis was performed, combining analysis of variance and analysis of principal components, to adjust the main effects of genotypes (G) and environments (E) and the GxE interaction. Significant differences were found at p≤0.01 and p≤0.05 for environments, genotypes, and the interaction of GxE. The progenies with wide adaptation to environments were BRX2, BRX5, BRX6 (selected from BRS Syetetuba) and PRIX (selected from Piartal), with average yields above 3,151.95 kg/ha. The genotypes showed differences at the same location in different periods, expressing the need to carry out selection for specific periods and locations. Genotypes BRX5 and BRX6 showed high agronomic potential in all evaluated environments, being promising for future genetic improvement programs. conditions cropwide morphoagronomic morpho (GxE Colombia Limpa Brasília 1100 1 100 1,10 m dates 201 2019 1800 800 1,80 respectively Ecuador design replications p001 p 0 01 p≤0.0 p005 05 ScottKnott Scott Knott Additive Interaction performed components G (G E (E BRX2 BRX Syetetuba Piartal, Piartal , Piartal) 315195 3 151 95 3,151.9 kgha kg ha kg/ha locations programs 110 10 1,1 20 180 80 1,8 p00 p≤0. 31519 15 9 3,151. 11 1, 2 18 8 p0 p≤0 3151 3,151 p≤ 315 3,15 31 3,1 3,

RESUMO A quinoa é uma cultura altamente adaptável devido à sua considerável variabilidade genética, tornando-se uma característica importante para cultivo em diferentes condições edafoclimáticas. Para conhecer a adaptação da cultura, é essencial identificar a variabilidade com base nas diferenças morfo-agronômicas e interação genótipo x ambiente (GxE). Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar oito progênies de quinoa no Brasil e na Colômbia. Os experimentos no Brasil foram conduzidos em área irrigada da Fazenda Água Limpa, Universidade de Brasília, a 1.100 m, em duas datas: março a julho de 2018 e maio a agosto de 2019. Na Colômbia, os experimentos foram realizados em Santander de Quilichao e Popayán a 1.100 e 1.800 m, respectivamente. Os tratamentos consistiram de cinco progênies selecionadas no Brasil, uma da Colômbia e duas do Equador. Os experimentos seguiram o delineamento em blocos casualizados, com oito progênies e quatro repetições. Para análise estatística foi utilizado o teste F com p≤0,01 e p≤0,05. As médias foram agrupadas pelo teste de Scott-Knott. Foi realizada a análise AMMI (Additive Main effects and Multiplicative Interaction), combinando análise de variância e análise de componentes principais, para ajustar os principais efeitos dos genótipos (G) e ambientes (E) e da interação GxE. Diferenças significativas foram encontradas em p≤0,01 e p≤0,05 para ambientes, genótipos e interação GxE. As progênies com ampla adaptação aos ambientes foram BRX2, BRX5, BRX6 (selecionadas em BRS Syetetuba) e PRIX (selecionadas em Piartal), com rendimentos médios acima de 3.151,95 kg/ha. Os genótipos apresentaram diferenças no mesmo local em diferentes períodos, expressando a necessidade de realização de seleção para períodos e locais específicos. Os genótipos BRX5 e BRX6 apresentaram elevado potencial agronômico em todos os ambientes avaliados, sendo promissores para futuros programas de melhoramento genético. genética tornandose tornando se edafoclimáticas morfoagronômicas morfo agronômicas GxE . (GxE) Limpa Brasília 1100 1 100 1.10 m datas 201 2019 1800 800 1.80 respectivamente Equador casualizados repetições p001 p 0 01 p≤0,0 p005 05 ScottKnott. ScottKnott Scott Knott. Knott Scott-Knott Additive Interaction, Interaction , Interaction) G (G E (E BRX2 BRX Syetetuba Piartal, Piartal Piartal) 315195 3 151 95 3.151,9 kgha kg ha kg/ha específicos avaliados genético (GxE 110 10 1.1 20 180 80 1.8 p00 p≤0, 31519 15 9 3.151, 11 1. 2 18 8 p0 p≤0 3151 3.151 p≤ 315 3.15 31 3.1 3.

Abstract Bean breeding programs have focused on the generation of early bush cultivars with higher yields, commercial acceptance and resistance to crop-limiting diseases. This study prioritized the nutritional quality in terms of iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) content in bean grains grown in three high tropical environments. Two bush bean cultivars and five climbing bean cultivars were evaluated. The mineral content of the grains was determined with atomic absorption spectroscopy. The results indicated that the bush genotypes Bacatá and Bianca are biofortified with Fe and Zn and the climbing cultivar Sutagao is biofortified with Zn. Statistical differences were found between genotypes (G), environments (E) and GxE interactions. According to the AMMI stability value (ASV), the cultivars Sutagao, Bianca and Iraca were stable, whereas Bacatá, which was the one with the highest nutritional quality, was moderately stable. The Simijaca environment showed an adequate edaphic contribution to bean production with nutritional quality. yields croplimiting crop limiting diseases (Fe (Zn evaluated spectroscopy G, G , (G) E (E interactions ASV, ASV (ASV) stable (G (ASV

Resumen Es indispensable para los programas de fitomejoramiento de maíz (Zea mays L.) seleccionar materiales homogéneos, con alto rendimiento y atributos agronómicos estables; asimismo, con buena adaptabilidad en ambientes contrastantes. El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar la estabilidad e interacción genotipo-ambiente del rendimiento de 36 híbridos de maíz amarillo duro, evaluados en siete ambientes de Perú, durante 2016-2018, dichos materiales fueron analizados mediante los modelos AMMI (efectos principales aditivos e interacción multiplicativa) y SREG (regresión de sitios). El diseño utilizado en cada experimento fue un látice 6×6 con tres repeticiones y la variable respuesta fue el rendimiento de grano. Se realizó un análisis de varianza combinado, en el cual se detectó diferencias estadísticas entre ellos (p≤ 0.05), posteriormente se aplicó la prueba de medias Tukey (p≤ 0.05) finalmente, se ejecutaron los modelos AMMI y SREG y se obtuvieron las gráficas biplot de cada modelo estadístico. De la interacción entre el CP1 y CP2, el AMMI explicó el 45.5 y 15.3%, respectivamente y SREG con 59.8 y 12.2%, para los mismos componentes. Los híbridos trilineales Dk-5005 y AG-01 superaron a los híbridos de cruza doble. El modelo AMMI detectó la interacción GE existente en el rendimiento de grano, y el SREG agrupó con precisión los sitios de evaluación en seis mega-ambientes. Los tres ambientes de La Molina y de Huánuco identificaron a Dk-5005 y AG-01 con mayor rendimiento de grano (11.524 y 11.359 t ha-1, respectivamente).

Abstract It is indispensable for corn (Zea mays L.) plant breeding programs to select homogeneous materials, with high yield and with stable agronomic attributes; also, that they have a good adaptability in contrasting environments. The objective of the work was to evaluate the stability and genotype-environment interaction of the yield of 36 hard yellow corn hybrids, evaluated in seven environments of Peru, during 2016-2018, these materials were analyzed using the AMMI (additive main effects and multiplicative interaction) and SREG (site regression) models. The design used in each experiment was a 6×6 lattice with three repetitions, and the response variable was grain yield. A combined analysis of variance was performed, in which statistical differences between them (p≤ 0.05) were detected, then the Tukey mean test (p≤ 0.05) was applied, finally the AMMI and SREG models were run and the biplot graphs of each statistical model were obtained. Of the interaction between PC1 and PC2, AMMI explained 45.5% and 15.3%, respectively, and SREG with 59.8% and 12.2%, for the same components. The trilinear hybrids Dk-5005 and AG-01 outperformed the double-cross hybrids. The AMMI model detected the existing GE interaction in grain yield, and the SREG accurately grouped the assessment sites into six mega-environments. The three environments of La Molina and that of Huánuco identified the two hybrids (Dk-5005 and AG-01) with the highest grain yield (11.524 and 11.359 t ha-1, respectively).