Abstract This article is based on a representative and randomly selected sample of 396 individual criminal decisions from the Federal Supreme Court, issued between January 1, 2020, and June 22, 2021, related to the COVID-19 pandemic. We tracked the petitions, the type of imprisonment, the date of judgment, the type of legal action, and the outcomes of these requests. Subsequently, we conducted a qualitative analysis of the arguments employed by the Court in reaching its decisions. The main objective of the study is to understand how the Court ruled on requests for release from incarceration and the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in the judicial reasoning. The findings indicate that the pandemic had no relevant impact on the Court’s decision-making process. Dismissals on procedural grounds prevailed, allowing the court to avoid ruling on the merits of a claim. On the other hand, when the merits were analyzed, the pandemic was not treated as a sufficient argument for releasing a prisoner. Additionally, during the pandemic, CNJ’s Recommendation No. 62 and ADPF No. 347 had no argumentative prominence in the few decisions that granted requests for release. This research reinforces the diagnosis that the pandemic has not changed how the Judiciary deals with imprisonment. This finding contributes to understand the challenges in tackling mass incarceration in Brazil.

Resumo Este artigo é baseado em uma amostra representativa e aleatória de 396 decisões monocráticas penais do Supremo Tribunal Federal, proferidas entre 01/01/2020 e 22/06/2021, que mencionam a pandemia de Covid-19. Foram mapeados os pedidos, o tipo de prisão, a data de julgamento, o tipo de ação e o resultado dos pedidos. Em seguida, foi feita uma análise qualitativa dos argumentos utilizados pela Corte para decidir. O objetivo principal do estudo é compreender como a Corte julgou pedidos de desencarceramento e o peso da pandemia de Covid-19 na argumentação judicial. Os dados indicam que a pandemia não teve impacto relevante na forma de decidir do STF em casos de prisão. Prevaleceram os indeferimentos de pedidos de soltura, com significativa mobilização argumentativa de óbices processuais, permitindo que a Corte não se posicionasse sobre questões de mérito. Por outro lado, quando o mérito foi analisado, a pandemia não foi tratada como argumento suficiente para desencarcerar. Ademais, a pandemia, a Recomendação 62 do CNJ e a ADPF 347 não tiveram grande destaque argumentativo nas poucas decisões que concederam pedidos de desencarceramento. A pesquisa reforça o diagnóstico de que a pandemia não mudou o modo como o Judiciário lida com a prisão. Esse achado de pesquisa contribui para a compreensão dos obstáculos para o enfrentamento do superencarceramento no Brasil.

Resumo Nigella sativa é conhecida pelo perfil de segurança, contendo uma grande variedade de compostos antivirais úteis. A principal protease (Mpro, 3CLpro) da síndrome respiratória aguda grave 2 (SARS-CoV-2) está sendo considerada como um dos alvos virais mais atraentes, processando as poliproteínas durante a patogênese e replicação viral. Na presente investigação analisamos a potência do componente ativo, timoquinona (TQ) de Nigella sativa contra SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. As estruturas de TQ e Mpro foram recuperadas de PubChem (CID10281) e Protein Data Bank (PDB ID 6MO3), respectivamente. O Mpro e o TQ foram acoplados e o complexo foi submetido a simulações de dinâmica molecular (MD) por um período de 50ns. O efeito de dobramento de proteínas foi analisado usando o raio de giração (Rg) enquanto a estabilidade e a flexibilidade foram medidas usando a raiz quadrada média dos desvios (RMSD) e a raiz média quadrada da flutuação (RMSF), respectivamente. Os resultados da simulação mostram que o TQ está exibindo boa atividade de ligação contra o SARS-CoV-2 Mpro, interagindo em muitos resíduos presentes no sítio ativo (His41, Cys145) e também o Glu166, facilitando o formato da bolsa. Além disso, são necessárias abordagens experimentais para validar o papel do TQ contra a infecção pelo vírus. O TQ está interferindo nos resíduos de manutenção do bolso, bem como no sítio ativo do vírus Mpro, que pode ser usado como um potencial inibidor contra o SARS-CoV-2 para um melhor gerenciamento da Covid-19.

Abstract Nigella sativa is known for the safety profile, containing a wealth of useful antiviral compounds. The main protease (Mpro, 3CLpro) of severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is being considered as one of the most attractive viral target, processing the polyproteins during viral pathogenesis and replication. In the current investigation we analyzed the potency of active component, thymoquinone (TQ) of Nigella sativa against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. The structures of TQ and Mpro was retrieved from PubChem (CID10281) and Protein Data Bank (PDB ID 6MO3) respectively. The Mpro and TQ were docked and the complex was subjected to molecular dynamic (MD) simulations for a period 50ns. Protein folding effect was analyzed using radius of gyration (Rg) while stability and flexibility was measured, using root means square deviations (RMSD) and root means square fluctuation (RMSF) respectively. The simulation results shows that TQ is exhibiting good binding activity against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro, interacting many residues, present in the active site (His41, Cys145) and also the Glu166, facilitating the pocket shape. Further, experimental approaches are needed to validate the role of TQ against virus infection. The TQ is interfering with pocket maintaining residues as well as active site of virus Mpro which may be used as a potential inhibitor against SARS-CoV-2 for better management of COVID-19.

Abstract Background Fibrous scars frequently form at the sites of bone nonunion when attempts to repair bone fractures have failed. However, the detailed mechanism by which fibroblasts, which are the main components of fibrous scars, impede osteogenesis remains largely unknown. Results In this study, we found that fibroblasts compete with osteogenesis in both human bone nonunion tissues and BMP2-induced ectopic osteogenesis in a mouse model. Fibroblasts could inhibit the osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) via direct and indirect cell competition. During this process, fibroblasts modulated the nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling of YAP in MSCs. Knocking down YAP could inhibit osteoblast differentiation of MSCs, while overexpression of nuclear-localized YAP-5SA could reverse the inhibition of osteoblast differentiation of MSCs caused by fibroblasts. Furthermore, fibroblasts secreted DKK1, which further inhibited the formation of calcium nodules during the late stage of osteogenesis but did not affect the early stage of osteogenesis. Thus, fibroblasts could inhibit osteogenesis by regulating YAP localization in MSCs and secreting DKK1. Conclusions Our research revealed that fibroblasts could modulate the nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling of YAP in MSCs, thereby inhibiting their osteoblast differentiation. Fibroblasts could also secrete DKK1, which inhibited calcium nodule formation at the late stage of osteogenesis. failed However unknown study BMP2induced BMPinduced BMP2 induced BMP model (MSCs competition process nuclearcytoplasmic nuclear cytoplasmic nuclearlocalized localized YAP5SA YAPSA 5SA SA Furthermore DKK1 DKK Thus

ABSTRACT Purpose: To assess the effects of the preoperative application of artificial tears combined with recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factor on the ocular surface function and inflammatory factor levels after operation in cataract patients complicated with dry eyes. Methods: A total of 118 cataract patients (118 eyes) complicated with dry eyes treated from February 2019 to February2020 were assigned to control and observation groups (n=59 eyes/group) using a random number table. One week before the operation, the control group was administered 0.1% sodium hyaluronate eye drops (artificial tears), based on which the observation group received Beifushu eye drops (recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factor), both 6 times daily for 1 week. A comparison was made between the scores of clinical symptoms and the indices of ocular surface function, inflammatory factors in tears, and oxidative stress indices before and after the operation. The ocular surface function was evaluated by an ocular surface disease index questionnaire, tear film breakup-time assay, Schirmer’s I test, and corneal fluorescein stain test. The inflammatory factors in tears were measured. Results: No significant differences were noted in the general data and clinical symptom score, ocular surface disease index, tear film breakup-time, Schirmer’s I test score, fluorescein stain score, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, lipid peroxide, and total antioxidant capacity before treatment between the 2 groups (p>0.05). After treatment, the clinical symptom score, ocular surface disease index, fluorescein stain score, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, malondial-dehyde and lipid peroxide declined significantly, and tear film breakup-time, Schirmer’s I test score, superoxide dismutase, and total antioxidant capacity increased in both the groups. The improvements in the clinical symptom score as well as in the indices of ocular surface function, inflammatory factors, and oxidative stress were more prominent in the observation group than in the control group (p<0.05). Conclusions: Artificial tears combined with recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factor before operation. significantly improved the ocular surface function, reduced inflammatory factors in tears, and alleviated dry eye symptoms after operation in cataract patients.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos da aplicação pré-operatória de lágrimas artificiais combinadas com o fator de crescimento de fibroblastos básicos bovinos recombinantes na função da superfície ocular e níveis de fator inflamatório após cirurgia em pacientes com catarata complicada com olhos secos. Métodos: Um total de 118 pacientes com catarata complicada com olhos secos (118 olhos), tratados entre fevereiro de 2019 e fevereiro de 2020, foram divididos em grupos de controle e de observação (n=59, 59 olhos) usando uma tabela de números aleatórios. Uma semana antes da cirurgia, o grupo controle recebeu colírio de hialuronato de sódio a 0,1% (lágrimas artificiais), enquanto o grupo de observação recebeu colírio Beifushu (fator de crescimento de fibroblastos básicos bovinos recombinantes), ambos, seis vezes ao dia, por uma semana. Antes do tratamento e um mês após a cirurgia, os escores de sintomas clínicos, índices de função da superfície ocular, níveis de fatores inflamatórios nas lágrimas e índices de estresse oxidativo foram comparados. A função da superfície ocular foi avaliada pelo questionário do índice de doença da superfície ocular, ensaio de tempo de ruptura do filme lacrimal, teste I de Schirmer e teste de coloração por fluoresceína da córnea. Os níveis de fatores inflamatórios nas lágrimas foram medidos. Resultados: Não houve diferenças significativas nos dados gerais e no escore de sintomas clínicos, índice de doença da superfície ocular, tempo de ruptura do filme lacrimal, escore do teste I de Schirmer, pontuação do teste de coloração por fluoresceína da córnea, interleucina-6, fator de necrose tumoral alfa, malondialdeído, superóxido dismutase, peróxido lipídico e capacidade antioxidante total antes do tratamento entre os dois grupos (p>0,05). Após o tratamento, o escore de sintomas clínicos, índice de doença da superfície ocular, escore do teste de coloração por fluoresceína da córnea, fator de necrose tumoral alfa, interleucina-6, malondialdeído e peróxido lipídico diminuíram significativamente, e o tempo de ruptura do filme lacrimal, escore do teste I de Schirmer, superóxido dismutase e a capacidade antioxidante total aumentou em ambos os grupos. As melhorias no escore de sintomas clínicos, bem como os índices de função da superfície ocular, fatores inflamatórios e estresse oxidativo foram mais proeminentes no grupo de observação do que no grupo controle (p<0,05). Conclusões: Lágrimas artificiais combinadas com fator de crescimento de fibroblastos básicos recombinantes antes da cirurgia melhoram notavelmente a função da superfície ocular, diminuem os níveis de fatores inflamatórios nas lágrimas e aliviam os sintomas de olho seco após a cirurgia em pacientes com catarata complicada com olhos secos.

ABSTRACT Objective: The optimal target for blood glucose concentration in critically ill patients is unclear. We will perform a systematic review and meta-analysis with aggregated and individual patient data from randomized controlled trials, comparing intensive glucose control with liberal glucose control in critically ill adults. Data sources: MEDLINE®, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Clinical Trials, and clinical trials registries (World Health Organization, clinical trials.gov). The authors of eligible trials will be invited to provide individual patient data. Published trial-level data from eligible trials that are not at high risk of bias will be included in an aggregated data meta-analysis if individual patient data are not available. Methods: Inclusion criteria: randomized controlled trials that recruited adult patients, targeting a blood glucose of ≤ 120mg/dL (≤ 6.6mmol/L) compared to a higher blood glucose concentration target using intravenous insulin in both groups. Excluded studies: those with an upper limit blood glucose target in the intervention group of > 120mg/dL (> 6.6mmol/L), or where intensive glucose control was only performed in the intraoperative period, and those where loss to follow-up exceeded 10% by hospital discharge. Primary endpoint: In-hospital mortality during index hospital admission. Secondary endpoints: mortality and survival at other timepoints, duration of invasive mechanical ventilation, vasoactive agents, and renal replacement therapy. A random effect Bayesian meta-analysis and hierarchical Bayesian models for individual patient data will be used. Discussion: This systematic review with aggregate and individual patient data will address the clinical question, ‘what is the best blood glucose target for critically ill patients overall?’ Protocol version 0.4 - 06/26/2023 PROSPERO registration: CRD42021278869

RESUMO Objetivo: Não está claro qual é a meta ideal de concentração de glicose no sangue em pacientes em estado grave. Realizaremos uma revisão sistemática e uma metanálise com dados agregados e de pacientes individuais de estudos controlados e randomizados, comparando o controle intensivo da glicose com o controle liberal da glicose em adultos em estado grave. Fontes de dados: MEDLINE®, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Clinical Trials e registros de ensaios clínicos (Organização Mundial da Saúde, clinical trials.gov). Os autores dos estudos qualificados serão convidados a fornecer dados individuais de pacientes. Os dados publicados em nível de ensaio qualificado que não apresentem alto risco de viés serão incluídos em uma metanálise de dados agregados se os dados individuais de pacientes não estiverem disponíveis. Métodos: Critérios de inclusão: ensaios clínicos controlados e randomizados que recrutaram pacientes adultos, com meta de glicemia ≤ 120mg/dL (≤ 6,6mmol/L) comparada a uma meta de concentração de glicemia mais alta com insulina intravenosa em ambos os grupos. Estudos excluídos: aqueles com meta de glicemia no limite superior no grupo de intervenção > 120mg/dL (> 6,6mmol/L), ou em que o controle intensivo de glicose foi realizado apenas no período intraoperatório, e aqueles em que a perda de seguimento excedeu 10% até a alta hospitalar. Desfecho primário: Mortalidade intra-hospitalar durante a admissão hospitalar. Desfechos secundários: Mortalidade e sobrevida em outros momentos, duração da ventilação mecânica invasiva, agentes vasoativos e terapia de substituição renal. Utilizaremos metanálise bayesiana de efeito randômico e modelos bayesianos hierárquicos para dados individuais de pacientes. Discussão: Essa revisão sistemática com dados agregados e de pacientes individuais abordará a questão clínica: Qual é a melhor meta de glicose no sangue de pacientes graves em geral? Protocolo versão 0.4 - 26/06/2023 Registro PROSPERO: CRD42021278869

ABSTRACT The original two-order separating sieve has a good potato-soil separating ability, but it causes significant damage to potatoes while ensuring a high potato detection rate, which in turn affects the working effectiveness of the potato digger. Thus, it is necessary to improve the design of the original swing separation sieve with a two-order sieve surface to one with a three-order sieve surface to solve the contradiction between the potato detection and potato damage. On this basis, the movement characteristics of potatoes and the separation performance of the new sieve were experimentally investigated. The experiment was conducted in a test field in Wuchuan County using a completely randomized design in a single-factor scheme with three factors and five levels, with five crank speeds (140, 150, 180, 210 and 225 rpm), five machine forward speeds (1.41, 1.51, 1.70, 1.89 and 2.21 km h-1) and five boom-connecting rod length combinations (250-350-1,030, 250-370-1,040, 270-370-1,050, 290-370-1,060 and 310-370-1,070 mm). Each experiment was repeated three times at each level, and the average value was taken as the final result. The experimental results demonstrate that the new three-order separation sieve can ensure a high potato detection rate while maintaining a low potato skin breakage rate.

RESUMO A peneira de separação de duas ordens original tem uma boa capacidade de separação batata-solo, mas causa danos significativos às batatas ao mesmo tempo em que garante uma alta taxa de evidência de batatas, o que, por sua vez, afeta a eficácia do trabalho da escavadeira de batatas. Assim, o estudo teve como objetivo aprimorar a peneira de separação de balanço original com uma superfície de peneira de duas ordens para uma nova peneira de separação com uma superfície de peneira de três ordens para resolver a contradição entre a taxa obvia de batatas e os danos às batatas na operação da peneira original. Com base nisso, as características de movimentação das batatas e o desempenho de separação da nova peneira foram investigados experimentalmente no campo. O experimento foi conduzido em um campo de teste no Condado de Wuchuan, utilizando um delineamento completamente aleatório em um esquema de fator único com três fatores e cinco níveis, com cinco velocidades de manivela (140, 150, 180, 210 e 225 rpm), cinco velocidades de avanço da máquina (1,41, 1,51, 1,70, 1,89 e 2,21 km h-1) e cinco combinações de comprimento da haste de ligação do braço (250-350-1.030, 250-370-1.040, 270-370-1.050, 290-370-1.060 e 310-370-1.070 mm). Cada experimento foi repetido três vezes em cada nível, e o valor médio foi considerado como o resultado final. Os resultados experimentais demonstram que a nova peneira de separação de três ordens pode garantir uma alta taxa de detecção de batatas enquanto mantém uma baixa taxa de danos à casca das batatas.

Abstract Introduction: Propofol is a widely used anesthetic and its dose is closely related to aging. Telomere length (TL) is a unique heritable trait, and emerging as a biomarker of aging, health and disease. Telomerase RNA component (TERC) plays an important role in maintaining TL. We proposed a hypothesis that propofol dose in general anesthesia can be predicted by measuring TL before operation, which greatly reduced the risk of anesthesia, especially the elderly. Methods: The association between the propofol dose in anesthesia induction and: TL in the DNA of peripheral blood leukocytes; body weight; sex; difference of the Bispectral Index (BIS) before and after anesthesia induction in patients was evaluated by multivariable linear regression analyses. The mutation at the 5’end or 3’end of TERC was detected. We recruited 100 patients of elective surgery. Results: We found that propofol dose in anesthesia induction was clearly correlated significantly with TL (r = 0.78, p < 0.001), body weight (r = 0.84, p = 0.004), sex (r = 0.83, p= 0.84, p = 0.004), sex (r = 0.83, p = 0.004), and difference of BIS before and after anesthesia induction (r = 0.85, p = 0.029). By comparing the absolute values of standardized regression coefficients (0.58, 0.21, 0.19, and 0.12) of the four variables, it can be seen that TL contributes the most to the propofol dose in anesthesia induction. However, the mutation at the 5’ end or 3’ end of TERC was not found. Conclusions: These findings provide preliminary evidence that the propofol dose in anesthesia induction was clearly correlated with genetically determined TL. TL may be a promising predictor of the propofol dose, which is beneficial to improve the safety of anesthesia and reduce perioperative complications.

ABSTRACT In soybeans from different years, the infrared spectroscopy waveforms exhibit similarities, yet variations in aging time lead to significant differences in their fatty acid content. To rapidly discern the year of soybean production, this study employed ten feature extraction algorithms in conjunction with Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) to establish models for classifying soybeans from different years (2019, 2020, and 2021). The research findings reveal the following: (1) The CNN models, after feature extraction, all demonstrated improved accuracy. Notably, the optimal models for both powdered and granulated states were the Kpca-CNN models, achieving an accuracy of 100%. The corresponding loss function values were 0.0002 and 0.0007, with processing times of 0.19 seconds and 0.20 seconds, respectively. (2) The modeling results of all models suggest that the classification accuracy of soybean powder spectral data is higher compared to soybean particle spectral data. (3) Validation of the optimal Kpca-CNN model confirmed its consistent accuracy of 100% when introducing new data or reducing the size of the training dataset. In conclusion, the fusion of near-infrared spectroscopy analysis and CNN technology is considered an effective method for classifying soybeans from different years. This method provides a practical solution for the rapid and precise determination of seed production years.

There is a widely acknowledged gap between research, policy, and practice owing to a lack of capacity to translate and mobilise research results to end-users including policymakers, practitioners, and community members. Acknowledging the divide amongst researchers, policymakers, and practitioners, this conceptual paper seeks to address the following: How do we devise ways to strengthen the research-policy-practice nexus in the education landscape such that research institutions can better attend to the needs of policymakers and practitioners? How can we facilitate greater interaction among researchers, policymakers, practitioners, and other stakeholders to create a common understanding of the challenges, needs, and what works for all stakeholders? To do this, we propose a new approach that employs research as a mechanism for social change and uses the consciousness of the self as a resource for research. More specifically, we develop a framework that facilitates the conditions for the mutual understanding of norms, operational roles, academic rigour, and policy and practice outcomes among all stakeholders. Additionally, this framework seeks to foster increased inter-stakeholder conversations and dialogues to narrow the divide between researchers and policymakers and, correspondingly, improve policy translations from academic research.

Abstract: The privacy problem of facial recognition technology is that commercial companies obtain people’s facial information without the consent of individuals and use facial information to infringe on the privacy of individuals. The importance of human privacy in facial recognition technology is reflected through facial ethics, which requires others to perform corresponding obligations to individuals, such as oral care. Through the analysis of the privacy issues of facial recognition technology, it is found that the two elements of “without personal informed” and “without personal consent” together form the basis for commercial companies to violate personal privacy. The principle of informed consent includes the principle of informed and the principle of consent, which is derived from the principle of informed consent in medical ethics. This paper improves the principles of informed consent in medicine and ethics to better address facial recognition privacy issues.

Resumen: El problema de la privacidad en la tecnología de reconocimiento facial es que las empresas comerciales obtienen información facial de las personas sin el consentimiento de éstas y utilizan la información facial para vulnerar la privacidad de las personas. La importancia de la privacidad de las personas en la tecnología de reconocimiento facial se refleja a través de la ética facial, que exige que otros cumplan las obligaciones correspondientes con los individuos, como el cuidado bucal. A través del análisis de los problemas de privacidad de la tecnología de reconocimiento facial se descubre que los dos elementos de “sin información personal” y “sin consentimiento personal” juntos forman la base para que las empresas comerciales violen la privacidad personal. El principio de consentimiento informado incluye el de información y el de consentimiento, que se deriva del principio de consentimiento informado de la ética médica. Este artículo mejora los principios del consentimiento informado en medicina y ética para abordar mejor los problemas de privacidad del reconocimiento facial.

Resumo: A questão da privacidade na tecnologia de reconhecimento facial é que as companhias comerciais obtém informações faciais das pessoas sem seu consentimento e usam informação facial para infringir sua privacidade. A importância da privacidade humana na tecnologia de reconhecimento facial é refletida através da ética facial, que exige que se cumpram obrigações correspondentes para com os indivíduos, da mesma forma como com cuidados orais. Através da análise de aspectos de privacidade na tecnologia de reconhecimento facial, encontrou-se que os dois elementos “sem informação pessoal” e “sem consentimento pessoal” juntos, formam a base para companhias comerciais violarem a privacidade pessoal. O princípio do consentimento informado inclui o princípio de informação e o princípio de consentimento, os quais derivam do princípio do consentimento informado em ética médica. Esse artigo melhora os princípios do consentimento informado em medicina e ética para melhor incluir aspectos de privacidade no reconhecimento facial.

Objectives: The present study analyzed the reciprocal relationships between four common pediatric ophthalmic diseases (i.e., hyperopia, myopia, astigmatism, and strabismus) and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. Methods: This study enrolled 86,028 children with ADHD and 1,798,673 children without ADHD in the Taiwan Maternal and Child Health Database who were born at any time from 2004 to 2017. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the bidirectional relationships of the four ophthalmic diseases with ADHD in children after adjusting for age, sex, and gestational age at birth. Survival curves for time-to-event variables were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and the log-rank test was used to compare the curves. Results: The results indicated that ADHD significantly predicted the occurrence of hyperopia, myopia, astigmatism, and strabismus. Furthermore, hyperopia, myopia, astigmatism, and strabismus significantly predicted the occurrence of ADHD. The time between enrollment and ADHD diagnosis was shorter for patients with ophthalmic diseases than for the control group, and the time between enrollment and ophthalmic disease diagnosis was also shorter for ADHD patients than for the control group. Sex differences were found in the associations between ADHD and ophthalmic diseases. Conclusion: Clinicians should monitor children with ADHD for hyperopia, myopia, astigmatism, and strabismus to ensure appropriate treatment, and vice versa.

Abstract Objectives: To screen the COL1A1 and COL1A2 gene mutation sites in a family with type I osteogenesis imperfecta (OI)/hearing loss and analyze the characteristics and recovery of hearing loss in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta. Methods: The basic clinical data of Ol proband and her parents were collected, and the COL1A1 and COL1A2 genes were detected in peripheral blood by PCR amplification and generation Sanger sequencing. Literature of stapedial surgery in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta was collected. Results: The heterozygous mutation of the 26 exon c.1922_1923 ins C in the Ol progenitor COL1A1 gene led to the amino acid frameshift mutation of p.Pro 601FS, which was not detected in the phenotypic parents. The homozygous of exon 28 c.1782>G in COL1A2 was detected in the proband and her parents, resulting in changes in the protein p.Pro 549Ala. Conclusion: The clinical symptoms of the Ol proband is caused by heterozygous mutation of the 26 exon c.1922_1923 ins C in COL1A1 gene. Stapedial surgery can provide short-term and long-term hearing benefits for Ol patients with hearing loss. Level of evidence: Level 4.

This article develops an ideal type of South-South cross-border marriage. Based on an eight-month multi-sited ethnography in Ethiopia and China, I identified an unusual conjuncture of global forces, connections, and imaginations that facilitated cross-border marriages between Chinese men and local women in Ethiopia, which should be considered a novel ideal type. Its theoretical novelty is not only defined by the unique dynamics among Sino-Ethiopian spouses vis-ä-vis the "segregated" Chinese documented in existing studies but also by these marriages' distinct formation mechanisms. Sino-Ethiopian marriage is not formed due to China being an attractive destination but is associated with China's incompatible hard and soft power as forces, Chinese factories and accumulated Sino-Ethiopian social networks in local communities as connections, and localized imaginations. Furthermore, this study calls for a paradigm shift in examining cross-border marriages between a developing South and a rising South in this dramatically changing global capitalist world system.

The low-temperature electrochemical corrosion behavior of aircraft 2024 aluminum alloy was investigated in different concentrations of potassium-acetate-type fluid, and the results showed that the corrosion medium initially impacted some corrosiveness on the 2024 aluminum alloy. However, the corrosion rate of the alloy decreased with prolonged immersion in the corrosion medium, and this was attributed to the protective effect of the corrosion products layer, which impeded the attack by the aggressive solution. Time-domain analysis of electrochemical noise measurements at -5 °C revealed the occurrence of uniform corrosion on the alloy at the initial stages of immersion, general corrosion at the middle stages of immersion, and a pitting-dominated corrosion type from the middle to late stages of immersion.