Pesquisa | SciELO

Essential oils (EO) have diverse applications, such as antibacterial and antifungal activity. However, they are susceptible to oxidation in the presence of air, light, and moisture. In addition, they are thermally unstable. In this sense, it is necessary to develop techniques to increase the lifespan of EO. In this work, EO was obtained from cloves and characterized by different techniques. The major compounds found were eugenol (83%), eugenol acetate (9%), and β-caryophyllene (8%). The EO was encapsulated by extrusion using a microfluidic device. The sodium alginate was used as wall material, and the CaCl2 solution was used as a crosslinking agent. The microcapsule presented sizes of 164.7 ± 0.3 μm, with an encapsulation yield of 64 ± 14%. Functional characteristic groups of EO were observed in the microcapsule by infrared and Raman spectroscopies. The microcapsule increased the thermal decomposition of the EO from 162 to 230 °C. Release kinetics of the capsule was performed, with an equilibrium time of 72 h and release of 54% of the EO. Finally, the pure EO and encapsulated EO-microcapsules were applied in the Aedes aegypti larvae control, showing mean lethal concentration necessary to eliminate 50% (LC50) values of 74.4 and 96.9 μg mL-1 and lethal concentration necessary to eliminate 90% (LC90) of 106.2 and 133.3 μg mL-1 for pure EO and encapsulated EO, respectively. Therefore, it was concluded that these microcapsules have the potential for application in the Aedes aegypti larvae control.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230029

Gas exchange and photochemical efficiency of guava under saline water irrigation and nitrogen-potassium fertilization
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Nobre, Reginaldo G.

; Rodrigues Filho, Ricardo A.

; Lima, Geovani S. de

; Linhares, Edna L. da R.

; Soares, Lauriane A. dos A.

; Silva, Luderlândio de A.

; Teixeira, Antônio D. da S.

; Macumbi, Nelson J. V.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Mai 2023, Volume 27 Nº 5 Páginas 429 - 437

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different combinations of nitrogen and potassium fertilization on gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence in seedlings of guava cv. Paluma irrigated with water of different salinity levels. The experiment was set up in a randomized block design and analyzed in 5 × 4 factorial scheme, with four replicates. The treatments were composed of the combination of the factor electrical conductivity of irrigation water - ECw (0.3, 1.1, 1.9, 2.7, and 3.5 dS m-1), with the factor combinations (C) formed from recommended doses of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K2O), 70% N + 50% K2O, 100% N + 75% K2O, 130% N + 100% K2O, and 160% N + 125% K2O. The fertilization combination 130% N + 100% K2O mitigated the effects of salt stress up to mean ECw of 1.3 dS m-1, resulting in increments in CO2 assimilation rate, transpiration, instantaneous carboxylation efficiency, and electron transport rate. For maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II, only treatment irrigated with ECw 3.5 dS m-1 under the combination 160% N + 125% K2O showed damage to the photosynthetic apparatus.

RESUMO Objetivou-se com o presente estudo avaliar os efeitos de diferentes combinações de adubação nitrogenada e potássica sobre as trocas gasosas e fluorescência da clorofila a em mudas de goiabeira cv. Paluma irrigadas com águas de distintas salinidades. O experimento foi instalado em delineamento em blocos casualizados e analisados no esquema fatorial 5 × 4, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram compostos a partir da combinação do fator condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação - CEa (0,3; 1,1; 1,9; 2,7 e 3,5 dS m-1) com o fator combinações (C) formada a partir de doses recomendadas de nitrogênio (N) e potássio (K2O): 70% N + 50% K2O; 100% N + 75% K2O; 130% N + 100% K2O e 160% N + 125% K2O. A combinação de adubação 130% N + 100% K2O mitigou o estresse salino até a CEa média de 1,3 dS m-1, resultando em aumento na taxa de assimilação de CO2, transpiração, eficiência instantânea de carboxilação e taxa de transporte de elétrons. Para a máxima eficiência quântica do fotossistema II, apenas os tratamentos irrigados com CEa 3,5 dS m-1 e combinação 160% N + 125% K2O apresentaram danos no aparelho fotossintético.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n5p429-437

Synthesis of novel glycerol-fluorinated triazole derivatives and evaluation of their phytotoxic and cytogenotoxic activities
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BARCELOS, FERNANDO F.

; ALVES, THAMMYRES A.

; GAZOLLA, POLIANA A.R.

; TEIXEIRA, RÓBSON RICARDO

; QUEIROZ, VAGNER T. DE

; PRAÇA-FONTES, MILENE M.

; MORAIS, PEDRO A.B.

; FONSECA, VICTOR R.

; ROMÃO, WANDERSON

; LACERDA JÚNIOR, VALDEMAR

; SCHERER, RODRIGO

; COSTA, ADILSON V.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Nº 1 elocation e20211102

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The control of weeds in agriculture is mainly conducted with the use of synthetic herbicides. However, environmental and human health concerns and increased resistance of weeds to existing herbicides have increased the pressure on researchers to find new active ingredients for weed control which present low toxicity to non-target organisms, are environmentally safe, and can be applied at low concentrations. It is herein described the synthesis of glycerol-fluorinated triazole derivatives and evaluation of their phytotoxic and cytogenotoxic activities. Starting from glycerol, ten fluorinated triazole derivatives were prepared in four steps. The assessment of them on Lactuca sativa revealed that they present effects on phytotoxic and cytogenotoxic parameters with different degrees of efficiency. The compounds 4a, 4b, 4d, 4e, 4i, and 4j have pre-emergent inhibition behavior, while all the investigated compounds showed post emergent effect. Mechanism of action as clastogenic, aneugenic, and epigenetic were observed in the lettuce root meristematic cells, with alterations as stick chromosome, bridge, delay, c-metaphase, and loss. It is believed that glycerol-fluorinated triazole derivatives possess a scaffold that can be explored towards the development of new chemicals for the control of weed species.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320211102

Medical research: Are e-Sports really sports? research eSports e Sports sports
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Scorza, Fulvio A.

; Fiorini, Ana C.

; Lima, Camila C. de

; Camilo, Nilton

; Magro, Eliana P.

; Guimarães, Liliane

; Pavanelli, Claudio

; Finsterer, Josef

; Almeida, Antonio-Carlos G. de

; Fonseca, Marcelo C.M.

; Fujita, Reginado R.

; Barros, Turibio L. de

; Scorza, Miguel M.C.

; Moret, Marcelo A.

; Teixeira-Machado, Lavínia

; Arida, Ricardo M.

Clinics

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2023, Volume 78 elocation 100190

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100190

Diretriz da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia sobre a Análise e Emissão de Laudos Eletrocardiográficos – 2022
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Samesima, Nelson

; God, Epotamenides Good

; Kruse, Jose Claudio Lupi

; Leal, Marcelo Garcia

; Pinho, Claudio

; França, Francisco Faustino de A. C.

; Pimenta, João

; Cardoso, Acácio Fernandes

; Paixão, Adail

; Fonseca, Alfredo

; Pérez-Riera, Andrés R.

; Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz Pinho

; Madaloso, Bruna Affonso

; Luna Filho, Bráulio

; Oliveira, Carlos Alberto Rodrigues de

; Grupi, César José

; Moreira, Dalmo Antonio Ribeiro

; Kaiser, Elisabeth

; Paixão, Gabriela Miana de Mattos

; Feitosa Filho, Gilson

; Pereira Filho, Horacio Gomes

; Grindler, José

; Aziz, José Luiz

; Molina, Marcos Sleiman

; Facin, Mirella

; Tobias, Nancy M. M. de Oliveira

; Oliveira, Patricia Alves de

; Sanches, Paulo César R.

; Teixeira, Ricardo Alkmin

; Atanes, Severiano Melo

; Pastore, Carlos Alberto

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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Out 2022, Volume 119 Nº 4 Páginas 638 - 680

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20220623

COVID-19 in the Perioperative Period of Cardiovascular Surgery: the Brazilian Experience
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Gomes, Walter J.

; Rocco, Isadora

; Pimentel, Wallace S.

; Pinheiro, Aislan H. B.

; Souza, Paulo M. S.

; Costa, Luiz A. A.

; Teixeira, Marjory M. P.

; Ohashi, Leonardo P.

; Bublitz, Caroline

; Begot, Isis

; Moreira, Rita Simone L

; Hossne Jr, Nelson A.

; Vargas, Guilherme F.

; Branco, João Nelson R.

; Teles, Carlos A.

; Medeiros, Eduardo A. S.

; Sáfadi, Camila

; Rampinelli, Amândio

; Moratelli Neto, Leopoldo

; Rosado, Anderson Rosa

; Mesacasa, Franciele Kuhn

; Capriata, Ismael Escobar

; Segalote, Rodrigo Coelho

; Palmieri, Deborah Louize da Rocha Vianna

; Jardim, Amanda Cristina Mendes

; Vianna, Diego Sarty

; Coutinho, Joaquim Henrique de Souza Aguiar

; Jazbik, João Carlos

; Coutinho, Henrique Madureira da Rocha

; Kikuta, Gustavo

; Almeida, Zely Sant'Anna Marotti de

; Feguri, Gibran Roder

; Lima, Paulo Ruiz Lucio de

; Franco, Anna Carolina

; Borges, Danilo de Cerqueira

; Cruz, Felipe Ramos Honorato De La

; Croti, Ulisses Alexandre

; Borim, Bruna Cury

; Marchi, Carlos Henrique De

; Goraieb, Lilian

; Postigo, Karolyne Barroca Sanches

; Jucá, Fabiano Gonçalves

; Oliveira, Fátima Rosane de Almeida

; Souza, Rafael Bezerra de

; Zilli, Alexandre Cabral

; Mas, Raul Gaston Sanchez

; Bettiati Junior, Luiz Carlos

; Tranchesi, Ricardo

; Bertini Jr, Ayrton

; Franco, Leandro Vieira

; Fernandes, Priscila

; Oliveira, Fabiana

; Moraes Jr, Roberto

; Araújo, Thiago Cavalcanti Vila Nova de

; Braga, Otávio Penna

; Pedrosa Sobrinho, Antônio Cavalcanti

; Teixeira, Roberta Tavares Barreto

; Camboim, Irla Lavor Lucena

; Gomes, Eduardo Nascimento

; Reis, Pedro Horigushi

; Garcia, Luara Piovan

; Scorsioni, Nelson Henrique Goes

; Lago, Roberto

; Guizilini, Solange

Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery

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Dez 2021, Volume 36 Nº 6 Páginas 725 - 735

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Introduction: We investigated the clinical course and outcomes of patients submitted to cardiovascular surgery in Brazil and who had developed symptoms/signs of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the perioperative period. Methods: A retrospective multicenter study including 104 patients who were allocated in three groups according to time of positive real time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2): group 1, patients who underwent cardiac surgery > 10 days after positive RT-PCR; group 2, patients with a positive RT-PCR within 10 days before or after surgery; group 3, patients who presented positive RT-PCR > 10 days after surgery. The primary outcome was mortality and secondary outcomes were postoperative complications, intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay, and postoperative days of hospitalization. Results: The three groups were similar with respect to age, the European System of Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation score, and comorbidities, except hypertension. Postoperative complications and death were significantly higher in groups 2 and 3 than in group 1, and no significant difference between groups 2 and 3 was seen. Group 2 showed a high prevalence of surgery performed as an urgent procedure. Although no significant differences were observed in ICU length of stay, total postoperative hospitalization time was significantly higher in group 3 than in groups 1 and 2. Conclusion: COVID-19 affecting the postoperative period of patients who underwent cardiovascular surgery is associated with a higher rate of morbidity and mortality. Delaying procedures in RT-PCR-positive patients may help reduce risks of perioperative complications and death.

https://doi.org/10.21470/1678-9741-2021-0960

New Magnetic Fe Oxide-Carbon Based Acid Catalyst Prepared from Bio-Oil for Esterification Reactions
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Ballotin, Fabiane C.

; Almeida, Vitor F.

; Ardisson, José D.

; Silva, Márcio J. da

; Soares, Ricardo R.

; Teixeira, Ana Paula C.

; Lago, Rochel M.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Ago 2020, Volume 31 Nº 8 Páginas 1714 - 1724

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

In this work, bio-oil (an organic matrix rich in oxygen functionalities) was used to efficiently dissolve and disperse Fe3+ which upon thermal treatment produced a carbon containing dispersed and encapsulated Fe oxide magnetic nanoparticles. These materials were prepared by dissolution of 8, 16 and 24 wt.% Fe3+ salt in bio-oil followed by treatment at 400, 450, 500 or 600 ºC in N2 atmosphere. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning (SEM) and transmission electron microscopies (TEM), elemental analysis, thermogravimetric-mass spectrometry (TG-MS), potentiometric titration, Raman and Mössbauer spectroscopies showed that Fe3+ species in bio-oil is reduced to produce magnetic nanoparticles phases: magnetite Fe3O4 and maghemite γ-Fe2O3. At low temperatures, the iron phases were less protected, and the carbon matrix was more reactive, while in temperatures above 500 ºC, the iron phases were more stable, however, the carbon matrix was less reactive. Reaction of these magnetic carbon materials with concentrated H2SO4 produced surface sulfonic acidic sites (ca. 1 mmol g-1), especially for the materials obtained at 400 and 450 ºC. The materials were used as catalysts on esterification reaction of oleic acid with methanol at 100 ºC and conversions of 90% were reached, however, after 2 consecutive uses, the conversion decreased to 30%, being required more studies to improve the material stability.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20200057 263 downloads

Mesophotic ecosystems at Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Brazil (South-western Atlantic), reveal unique ichthyofauna and need for conservation
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Pimentel, Caio R.

; Rocha, Luiz A.

; Shepherd, Bart

; Phelps, Tyler A. Y.

; Joyeux, Jean-Christophe

; Martins, Agnaldo S.

; Stein, Carlos Eduardo

; Teixeira, João B.

; Gasparini, João Luiz

; Reis-Filho, José Amorim

; Garla, Ricardo C.

; Francini-Filho, Ronaldo B.

; Delfino, Stephanie D. T.

; Mello, Thayná J.

; Giarrizzo, Tommaso

; Pinheiro, Hudson T.

Neotropical Ichthyology

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2020, Volume 18 Nº 4 elocation e200050

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Apesar de muitos estudos sobre a ictiofauna do Arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha terem sido realizados, sua diversidade de peixes mesofóticos nunca foi estudada antes. Neste estudo utilizamos mergulho autônomo e mergulho técnico, vídeos subaquáticos remotos com isca e veículo operado remotamente para registrar peixes de ecossistemas rasos (≤ 30 m de profundidade) e mesofóticos (31 a 150 m de profundidade). Dezenove espécies de peixes pertencentes a 14 famílias são apresentadas aqui como novos registros, representando um aumento de 8,2% na riqueza de peixes marinhos da região, que agora possui um total de 250 espécies e 77 famílias. Esses novos registros incluem quatro prováveis novas espécies e reforçam a importância de estudos em ecossistemas mesofóticos. Nossos resultados também enfatizam a necessidade de proteção e atenção à essa ictiofauna única encontrada nesses ecossistemas profundos.

Abstract Although several studies on the ichthyofauna of the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago have been carried out, its mesophotic fish diversity has never been surveyed before. Here we used SCUBA and technical rebreather diving, baited remote underwater videos and remotely operated vehicle to record shallow (≤ 30 m depth) and mesophotic (31 to 150 m depth) fishes. Nineteen fish species belonging to 14 families are reported here as new records, representing an increase of 8.2% in marine fish richness for the region, which now has a total of 250 species and 77 families. These new records include four potential new species and highlight the importance of surveying mesophotic ecosystems, even in well studied sites. Our results also emphasize the need for protection and attention to the unique ichthyofauna found at mesophotic depths.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2020-0050 1657 downloads

Early psychiatric morbidity in a Brazilian sample of acute ischemic stroke patients
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Pedroso, Vinicius S.P.

; Brunoni, Andre R.

; Vieira, Érica L.M.

; Jorge, Ricardo E.

; Lauterbach, Edward C.

; Teixeira, Antonio L.

Clinics

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2018, Volume 73 elocation e55

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVE: Stroke is a major public health problem worldwide, and its neuropsychiatric sequelae are frequent and disabling. Furthermore, there is evidence that these sequelae impair recovery. Brazil has the highest stroke rates in Latin America, but data on the frequency of neuropsychiatric disorders in these patients are scarce. This study aimed to identify mental disorders among in-hospital patients with acute ischemic stroke. METHODS: The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview-Plus (MINI-Plus) was applied to 60 patients during the first week of hospitalization. RESULTS: Psychiatric disorders were diagnosed in 55% of the patients. A wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders have been identified, mainly mood and anxiety disorders. Specifically, we identified major depression (26.7%), alcohol abuse or dependence (11.7%), specific phobia (8.3%), generalized anxiety disorder (6.7%), psychosis (5.0%), social phobia (3.3%), adjustment disorder (3.3%) and panic disorder (1.7%). CONCLUSION: Psychiatric comorbidity should be evaluated as part of the rehabilitation of stroke patients and should be carefully examined by physicians.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2018/e055 906 downloads

10.

Tendência da mortalidade por causas mal definidas no estado do Tocantins e na sua capital Palmas, 1998-2014
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Prestes, Cristina

; Costa, Maria da Conceição N.

; Lima, Ricardo da Costa

; Barreto, Florisneide R.

; Teixeira, Maria da Gloria

Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde

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2018, Volume 27 Nº 3 elocation e2017471

Resumo: Pt En Es | Texto: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo Objetivo: avaliar a tendência temporal da mortalidade proporcional por causas mal definidas no Tocantins e em Palmas, Brasil, em 1998-2014. Métodos: estudo de tendência temporal, utilizando dados do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM) e do Serviço de Verificação de Óbitos (SVO); a tendência temporal dessa mortalidade foi avaliada mediante emprego da Regressão Joinpoint. Resultados: de 1998 a 2014, a mortalidade proporcional por causas mal definidas foi reduzida em 88,5% no Tocantins e 88,1% em Palmas; o teste de tendência indicou pontos de inflexão estatisticamente significante em 1998-2004 (-4,14; p=0,001) para Tocantins e em 1998-2000 (-7,92; p<0,005) para Palmas; a partir de 2004, observou-se certa estabilidade. Conclusão: a redução da mortalidade proporcional por causas mal definidas no Tocantins e em Palmas foi bastante expressiva; todavia, ainda se faz necessária a intensificação de ações voltadas para melhoria da qualidade da informação sobre mortalidade em alguns municípios.

Abstract Objective: to evaluate the time trend of proportional mortality due to ill-defined causes, in Tocantins and Palmas, Brazil, 1998-2014. Methods: this was a time trend study using data from the Mortality Information System (SIM) and the Death Verification Service (SVO); we evaluated the time trend of this type of this mortality using Joinpoint Regression. Results: between 1998 and 2014, proportional mortality from ill-defined causes fell 88.5% in Tocantins and 88.1% in Palmas; the trend test indicated statistically significant inflection points in 1998-2004 (-4.14; p=0.001) for Tocantins and in 1998-2000 (-7.92; p<0.005) for Palmas; a certain degree of stability was observed with effect from 2004. Conclusion: there was a significant decline in proportional mortality due to ill-defined causes in Tocantins; however, it is still necessary to intensify actions aimed at improving the quality of information on mortality in some municipalities.

Resumen Objetivo: evaluar la tendencia temporal de la mortalidad proporcional por causas mal definidas en Tocantins y Palmas, Brasil, en 1998-2014. Métodos: Estudio de tendencia temporal, utilizando datos del Sistema de Información sobre Mortalidad (SIM) y Servicio de Verificación de Óbitos (SVO); la tendencia temporal de dicha mortalidad fue evaluada mediante empleo de la Regresión Joinpoint. Resultados: de 1998 a 2014, la mortalidad proporcional por causas mal definidas bajó 88,5% en Tocantins y 88,1% en Palmas; la prueba de tendencia indicó puntos de inflexión en 1998-2004 (-4,14; p=0,001) para Tocantins y en 1998-2000 (-7,92; p<0,005) para Palmas; a partir de 2004, se observó cierta estabilidad. Conclusión: la reducción de la mortalidad proporcional por causas mal definidas en Tocantins y Palmas fue bastante expresiva; sin embargo, aún se hace necesaria la intensificación de acciones dirigidas a mejorar la calidad de la información sobre mortalidad en algunos municipios.

https://doi.org/10.5123/s1679-49742018000300011 16 downloads

11.

Tendência da mortalidade por causas mal definidas no estado do Tocantins e na sua capital Palmas, 1998-2014
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Prestes, Cristina

; Costa, Maria da Conceição N.

; Lima, Ricardo da Costa

; Barreto, Florisneide R.

; Teixeira, Maria da Gloria

Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde

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2018, Volume 27 Nº 3 elocation e2017471

Resumo: Pt En Es | Texto: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.5123/s1679-49742018000300011 987 downloads

12.

Activity of Brazilian propolis against Aeromonas hydrophila and its effect on Nile tilapia growth, hematological and non-specific immune response under bacterial infection
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ORSI, RICARDO O.

; SANTOS, VIVIAN G. DOS

; PEZZATO, LUIZ E.

; CARVALHO, PEDRO L.P.F. DE

; TEIXEIRA, CAROLINE P.

; FREITAS, JAKELINE M.A.

; PADOVANI, CARLOS R.

; SARTORI, MARIA M.P.

; BARROS, MARGARIDA M.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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Set 2017, Volume 89 Nº 3 Páginas 1785 - 1799

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The effect of the ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) on Aeromonas hydrophila was analyzed by determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Then, the effects of crude propolis powder (CPP) on growth, hemato-immune parameters of the Nile tilapia, as well as its effects on resistance to A. hydrophila challenge were investigated. The CPP (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0%) was added to the diet of 280 Nile tilapia (50.0 ± 5.7 g fish-1). Hemato-immune parameters were analyzed before and after the bacterial challenge. Red blood cell, hematocrit, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitric oxide (NO) were evaluated. The MIC of the EEP was 13% (v/v) with a bactericidal effect after 24 hours. Growth performance was significantly lower for those fish fed diets containing 2.5 and 3% of CPP compared to the control diet. Differences in CPP levels affected fish hemoglobin, neutrophils number and NO following the bacterial challenge. For others parameters no significant differences were observed. Our results show that although propolis has bactericidal properties in vitro, the addition of crude propolis powder to Nile tilapia extruded diets does not necessarily lead to an improvement of fish health.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201720160630 1424 downloads

13.

Bioprospection and characterization of the amylolytic activity by filamentous fungi from Brazilian Atlantic Forest
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Almeida, Paula Zaghetto de

; Pereira, Marita Gimenez

; Carvalho, Caio Cesar de

; Heinen, Paulo Ricardo

; Ziotti, Luciana Sobrani

; Messias, Josana Maria

; Jorge, João Atilio

; Polizeli, Maria de Lourdes Teixeira de Moraes

Biota Neotropica

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2017, Volume 17 Nº 3 elocation e20170337

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Fungos filamentosos são organismos amplamente diversificados e ubíquos. Esta biodiversidade ainda é pouco caracterizada, desta forma, há um grande potencial a ser descoberto, sobretudo em biomas tropicais, que favorecem o crescimento e diversificação de espécies. Fungos filamentosos são extensivamente utilizados para a produção industrial de enzimas, como as amilases. Esta classe de enzimas atua na hidrólise do amido em glicose ou maltooligossacarídeos. Neste trabalho 25 cepas de fungos filamentosos foram isoladas a partir de amostras de material em decomposição coletados na Mata Atlântica Brasileira. As duas cepas que produziram mais amilases foram identificadas como Aspergillus brasiliensis e Rhizopus oryzae. Ambos os fungos são mesofílicos, crescem bem em meio de cultivo rico em nitrogênio orgânico, e produziram grande quantidade de glucoamilase. As enzimas de A. brasiliensis e R. oryzae possuem características distintas, possivelmente devido à distância filogenética das espécies. A produção de amilase mais expressiva de A. brasiliensis ocorreu em 120 horas de cultivo e pH inicial de 7,5; possui maior atividade em temperaturas entre 60-75ºC e pH entre 3,5-5,0. Ambas glucoamilases fúngicas obtiveram ampla estabilidade de pH (3-8) e foram ativadas por Mn2+. A melhor produção de R. oryzae ocorreu em 96 horas de cultivo e pH 6,5. Suas amilases são mais ativas na faixa de pH de 4,0-5,5 e temperatura entre 50-60ºC. A diferença mais significativa dentre as enzimas produzidas pelos fungos selecionados é a resistência à desnaturação térmica, tendo a glucoamilase de A. brasiliensis um T50 de 60 minutos a 70ºC, já a glucoamilase de R. oryzae somente obteve atividade residual quando incubada a 50°C, com um T50 de apenas 12 minutos.

Abstract Filamentous fungi are widely diverse and ubiquitous organisms. Such biodiversity is barely known, making room for a great potential still to be discovered, especially in tropical environments - which are favorable to growth and species variety. Filamentous fungi are extensively applied to the production of industrial enzymes, such as the amylases. This class of enzymes acts in the hydrolysis of starch to glucose or maltooligosaccharides. In this work twenty-five filamentous fungi were isolated from samples of decomposing material collected in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. The two best amylase producers were identified as Aspergillus brasiliensis and Rhizopus oryzae. Both are mesophilic, they grow well in organic nitrogen-rich media produce great amounts of glucoamylases. The enzymes of A. brasiliensis and R. oryzae are different, possibly because of their phylogenetical distance. The best amylase production of A. brasiliensis occurred during 120 hours with initial pH of 7.5; it had a better activity in the pH range of 3.5-5.0 and at 60-75°C. Both fungal glucoamylase had wide pH stability (3-8) and were activated by Mn2+. R. oryzae best production occurred in 96 hours and at pH 6.5. Its amylases had a greater activity in the pH range of 4.0-5.5 and temperature at 50-65ºC. The most significant difference between the enzymes produced by both fungi is the resistance to thermal denaturation: A. brasiliensis glucoamylase had a T50 of 60 minutes at 70ºC. The R. oryzae glucoamylase only had a residual activity when incubated at 50°C with a 12 min T50.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2017-0337 1691 downloads

14.

Effectiveness and safety of iodopovidone in an experimental pleurodesis model
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Teixeira, Lisete R.

; Vargas, Francisco S.

; Puka, Juliana

; Acencio, Milena M. P.

; Antonangelo, Leila

; Terra, Ricardo M.

; Damico, Francisco M.

; Pitta, Fabio G.

; Marchi, Evaldo

Clinics

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Abr 2013, Volume 68 Nº 4 Páginas 557 - 562

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVES: Chemical pleurodesis is an important therapeutic tool to control recurrent malignant pleural effusion. Among the various sclerosing agents, iodopovidone is considered effective and safe. However, in a recent study, ocular changes were described after iodopovidone was used in recurrent pneumothorax. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and morbidity of iodopovidone pleurodesis in an experimental model. METHODS: New Zealand rabbits were submitted to intrapleural injection of iodopovidone at concentrations of 2%, 4% and 10%. Biochemical (lactic dehydrogenase, proteins, triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, urea and creatinine) and immunological (Interleukin-8 [IL-8], VEGF and TGFβ) parameters were measured in the pleural fluid and blood. After 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28 days, groups of animals were euthanized, and macro- (pleura) and microscopic (pleura and retina) analyses were performed. RESULTS: An early pleural inflammatory response with low systemic repercussion was observed without corresponding changes in thyroid or renal function. The higher concentrations (4% and 10%) correlated with greater initial exudation, and maximum pleural thickening was observed after 28 days. No changes were observed in the retinal pigment epithelium of the rabbits. CONCLUSION: Iodopovidone is considered to be an effective and safe sclerosing agent in this animal model. However, its efficacy, tolerance and safety in humans should be further evaluated.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2013(04)19 1786 downloads

15.

Pleural tuberculosis: is radiological evidence of pulmonary-associated disease related to the exacerbation of the inflammatory response?
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Antonangelo, Leila

; Vargas, Francisco S.

; Puka, Juliana

; Seiscento, Márcia

; Acencio, Milena M. P.

; Teixeira, Lisete R.

; Terra, Ricardo M.

; Sales, Roberta K. B.

Clinics

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Nov 2012, Volume 67 Nº 11 Páginas 1259 - 1263

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVE: Pleural tuberculosis is the most frequently occurring form of extra pulmonary disease in adults. In up to 40% of cases, the lung parenchyma is concomitantly involved, which can have an epidemiological impact. This study aims to evaluate the pleural and systemic inflammatory response of patients with pleural or pleuropulmonary tuberculosis. METHODS: A prospective study of 39 patients with confirmed pleural tuberculosis. After thoracentesis, a high resolution chest tomography was performed to evaluate the pulmonary involvement. Of the 39 patients, 20 exhibited only pleural effusion, and high resolution chest tomography revealed active associated-pulmonary disease in 19 patients. The total protein, lactic dehydrogenase, adenosine deaminase, vascular endothelial growth factor, interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor-α, and transforming growth factor-β1 levels were quantified in the patient serum and pleural fluid. RESULTS: All of the effusions were exudates with high levels of adenosine deaminase. The levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and transforming growth factor-β1 were increased in the blood and pleural fluid of all of the patients with pleural tuberculosis, with no differences between the two forms of tuberculosis. The tumor necrosis factor-α levels were significantly higher in the pleural fluid of the patients with the pleuropulmonary form of tuberculosis. The interleukin-8 levels were high in the pleural fluid of all of the patients, without any differences between the forms of tuberculosis. CONCLUSION: Tumor necrosis factor-α was the single cytokine that significantly increased in the pleural fluid of the patients with pulmonary involvement. However, an overlap in the results does not permit us to suggest that cytokine is a biological marker of concomitant parenchymal involvement. Although high resolution chest tomography can be useful in identifying these patients, the investigation of fast acid bacilli and cultures for M. tuberculosis in the sputum is recommended for all patients who are diagnosed with pleural tuberculosis.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2012(11)06 1757 downloads

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