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ABSTRACT Wild birds have great prominence in the transmission of diseases to humans, mainly due to their ease of access to human populations, raising concerns about the potential impact of that proximity on public health. The present study reports ARV and PBV occurrence in wild birds from an environmental protection area in the Amazon biome, in Pará state, Brazil. We obtained 155 fecal specimens from 47 species of wild birds for RNA extraction, ARV and PBV detection utilizing molecular methods, nucleotide sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis. ARV prevalence was 0.6% (1/155), being positive in an individual of Myrmotherula longipennis, and PBV prevalence was 1.29% (2/155), affecting two individuals of Guira guira. The PBV strains were assigned to genogroup I based on phylogenetic analysis, and they shared a strong phylogenetic link with strains isolated from different geographic locations. The ARV strain was more closely related to strains that had previously circulated in the same region. The presence of ARV and PBV in this habitat suggests that infection cycles of these agents occur naturally in the wild ecosystem, potentially triggering transmission events between bird species and humans. This is the first study on ARV detection in wild birds in Brazil and the first report on the occurrence of PBV in wild Guira guira. Additional studies are required to determine the epidemiology, origin, evolution, and emergence of new potentially pathogenic viruses in the Amazon.

RESUMO As aves silvestres têm grande destaque na transmissão de doenças ao homem, principalmente pela facilidade de acesso à população humana, levantando preocupações sobre o potencial impacto dessa proximidade no contexto da saúde pública. O presente estudo relata a ocorrência de ARV e PBV em aves silvestres de uma área de proteção ambiental no bioma Amazônico. Obtivemos 155 espécimes fecais de 47 espécies de aves silvestres, que foram submetidos a extração de RNA, detecção de ARV e PBV por técnicas moleculares, sequenciamento nucleotídico e análise filogenética. A prevalência de infecção por ARV foi 0,6% (1/155), sendo positivo em um indivíduo de Myrmotherula longipennis, e a prevalência de PBV foi 1,29% (2/155), afetando dois insdivíduos de Guira guira. A análise filogenética agrupou as cepas de PBV no genogrupo I, mostrando intensa relação filogenética com cepas isoladas de outras regiões geográficas. A cepa de ARV esteve mais relacionada filogeneticamente a cepas previamente circulantes na mesma região. Este é o primeiro estudo sobre detecção de ARV em aves silvestres no Brasil e o primeiro relato sobre a ocorrência de PBV em Guira guira. A circulação de ARV e PBV nesse ambiente demonstra que os ciclos desses agentes estão ocorrendo de forma natural no ecossistema silvestre, o que pode desencadear possíveis eventos de transmissão entre as espécies aviárias e humanos. Estudos adicionais são necessários para determinar a epidemiologia, origem, evolução e surgimento de novos vírus potencialmente patogênicos na Amazônia.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202300120

Frequencies of genetic variants of the Rh, Kell, Duffy, Kidd, MNS and Diego systems of northwest Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Soares, Scheila da Silva

; Aquino, Josiane Rodrigues

; Petrolli, Francini

; Oliveira, Tiago Bittencourt de

; Almeida, Silvania

; Fiegeribaum, Marilu

Hematology, Transfusion and Cell Therapy

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Set 2023, Volume 45 Nº 3 Páginas 317 - 323

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Introduction: To date, 340 antigen-organized 43 blood group systems are recognized, being ABO, Rh, Kell, Duffy, Kidd, MNS and Diego the most clinically relevant. The aim of this study was to assess the distribution of alleles and genotypes of the blood group systems Rh, Kell, Duffy, Kidd, MNS and Diego in 810 blood donors registered in the hemotherapy unit in northwest Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil Methods: We evaluated the genetic variability of blood groups Rh (c.676G>C and c.307C>T), Kell (c.578C>T), Kidd (c.838A>G), Duffy (c.125A>G and c.l-67T>C), Diego (c.2561C>T) and MNS (c.143T>C) in 810 volunteer blood donors of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. The genetic profiling was performed through allelic discrimination assays using hydrolysis probes (TaqMan®) real-time PCR system. Results: The most frequent blood group genotypes found in our study population were: RHC*Cc (51.5%), RHC*ee (70.1%), FY*A/FY*B (49.3%), GATA -67T/T (93.5%), KEL*2/KEL*2 (93.4%), Jk*A/JK*B (53.2%) and DI*02/DI*02 (95.4%). Some statistical differences were observed on comparing the population of this study with populations from other states in Brazil, mainly with population of Minas Gerais, Bahia and Paraná, which showed some differences from the population of Porto Alegre, which was more similar to those of Santa Catarina and São Paulo Conclusion: The frequency of red blood cell polymorphisms in our study is different from that of blood donors in other regions of Brazil. The results showed the importance of extended genotyping in adequate blood screening and the existence of rare genotypes in Brazilian regular blood donors

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.htct.2022.05.004

HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL AND SYSTEMIC ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION ARE ASSOCIATED WITH HEPATIC NECROINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C
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SOUZA, Gustavo Henrique De Puy e

; SILVA, Luciana Diniz

; VIEIRA, Diego Alves

; ROCHA, Gifone Aguiar

; LIMA, Agnaldo Soares

; VIDIGAL, Paula Vieira Teixeira

Arquivos de Gastroenterologia

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Set 2023, Volume 60 Nº 3 Páginas 287 - 299

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Background: Approximately 71 million people are chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) worldwide. A significant number of these individuals will develop liver cirrhosis and/or hepatocellular carcinoma. Beyond the liver, there is a sizeable body of scientific evidence linking cardiovascular disease and chronic hepatitis C (CHC); however, the biological mechanisms behind the concurrence of these conditions have not been completely clarified yet. Objective: To evaluate associations between hepatic histology, clinical comorbidities and lipid profile in patients with CHC. To investigate associations between liver histology and demographic, nutritional, biochemical and virological parameters. Methods: Eight-five patients with CHC prospectively underwent hepatic biopsy. Liver fragments were obtained from each patient by percutaneous route using a Menghini needle. Fibrosis was evaluated according to the METAVIR scoring system, as follows: F0, no fibrosis; F1, fibrous portal expansion; F2, fibrous portal widening with few septa; F3, bridging fibrosis with architectural distortion; and F4, liver cirrhosis. The activity was classified based on the degree of lymphocyte infiltration and hepatocyte necrosis, from A0 to A3. The diagnosis of liver disease was based on clinical, biochemical, histological, and radiological methods. The data were analyzed by logistic regression models. Results: This cross-sectional study included 85 outpatients followed at the tertiary care ambulatory centre with a mean age of 57.2±10.7 years and 45 (52.9%) were females. There were 10 patients with cirrhosis. Patients with a METAVIR F3-F4 were significantly older (P=0.02) and had higher levels of ALT (P=0.0006), AST (P<0.0001), γ-GT (P=0.03) and bilirubin (P=0.001) and higher prothrombin time than patients with F0-F2 score. Albumin levels (P=0.01) were significantly lower in METAVIR F3-F4. Age (OR=1.09; 95%CI=1.02-1.16; P=0.02), steatosis (OR=4.03; 95%CI=1.05-15.45; P=0.04) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) <60 mg/dL (OR=7.67; 95%CI=1.71-34.49; P=0.008) were independently associated with fibrosis. Hypertension (OR=6.36; 95%CI=1.31-30.85; P=0.02) and HDL-C <60 mg/dL (OR=9.85; 95%CI=2.35-41.39; P=0.002) were independently associated with necroinflammatory activity. Hypertension (OR=6.94; 95%CI=1.92-25.05; P=0.003) and HDL-C <60 mg/dL (OR=3.94; 95%CI=1.27-12.3; P=0.02) were associated with interface inflammatory activity. Triglycerides (TG ≥150 mg/dL) remained associated with lobular inflammatory activity. Conclusion: cholesterol levels <60 mg/dL were independently associated with necroinflammatory activity in chronic hepatitis C. Patients with hypertension are at an increased risk of developing necroinflammatory activity.

RESUMO Contexto: Aproximadamente 71 milhões de pessoas estão infectadas pelo vírus da hepatite C em todo o mundo. Um número significativo desses indivíduos desenvolverá cirrose hepática e/ou carcinoma hepatocelular. Além do fígado, há evidências científicas que associam doenças cardiovasculares e hepatite C crônica; no entanto, os mecanismos biológicos implicados na ocorrência dessas condições ainda não foram completamente esclarecidos. Objetivo: Avaliar a associação entre histologia hepática, comorbidades clínicas e perfil lipídico em pacientes com hepatite C crônica. Investigar associações entre histologia hepática e parâmetros demográficos, nutricionais, bioquímicos e virológicos. Métodos: Oitenta e cinco pacientes com hepatite C crônica foram prospectivamente submetidos à biópsia hepática. Biópsias hepáticas foram obtidas de cada paciente por via percutânea com agulha de Menghini. A fibrose foi avaliada de acordo com o sistema de pontuação METAVIR, como segue: F0, sem fibrose; F1, expansão portal fibrosa; F2, alargamento portal fibroso com poucos septos; F3, fibrose em ponte com distorção arquitetônica; e F4, cirrose hepática. A atividade foi classificada com base no grau de infiltração de linfócitos e necrose de hepatócitos, de A0 a A3. O diagnóstico da doença hepática foi baseado em métodos clínicos, bioquímicos, histológicos e radiológicos. Os dados foram analisados por modelos de regressão logística. Resultados: Neste estudo transversal, realizado em um ambulatório do hospital universitário, foram incluídos 85 pacientes que tinham média de idade de 57,2±10,7 anos, sendo 45 (52,9%) do sexo feminino. Havia 10 pacientes com cirrose. Os pacientes com METAVIR F3-F4 eram significativamente mais velhos (P=0,02) e tinham níveis mais elevados de ALT (P=0,0006), AST (P<0,0001), γ-GT (P=0,03) e bilirrubina (P=0,001) e, maior tempo de protrombina do que pacientes com escore F0-F2. Os níveis de albumina (P=0,01) foram significativamente mais baixos naqueles classificados como METAVIR F3-F4. Idade (OR=1,09; IC95%=1,02-1,16; P=0,02), esteatose (OR=4,03; IC95%=1,05-15,45; P=0,04) e HDL-C <60 mg/dL (OR=7,67; 95%IC=1,71-34,49; P=0,008) foram independentemente associados à fibrose. Hipertensão (OR=6,36; IC95%=1,31-30,85; P=0,02) e HDL-C <60 mg/dL (OR=9,85; IC95%=2,35-41,39; P=0,002) foram independentemente associados à atividade necroinflamatória. Hipertensão (OR=6,94; IC 95%=1,92-25,05; P=0,003) e HDL-C <60 mg/dL (OR=3,94; IC95%=1,27-12,3; P=0,02) foram associados à atividade inflamatória de interface. Os triglicerídeos (TG >150 mg/dL) permaneceram associados à atividade inflamatória lobular. Conclusão: Níveis de coleterol HDL <60 mg/dL foram independentemente associados à atividade necroinflamatória na hepatite C crônica. Pacientes com hipertensão têm risco aumentado de desenvolver atividade necroinflamatória.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0004-2803.230302023-03

Saúde oral e lesões orais em crianças: avaliação do conhecimento, práticas e atitudes do médico pediatra
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Meneses, Kelly Chrystine Barbosa

; França, Glória Maria de

; Ferreira, Sonia Maria Soares

; Nóbrega, Diego Figueiredo

Revista Portuguesa de Estomatologia, Medicina Dentária e Cirurgia Maxilofacial

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Mar 2023, Volume 64 Nº 1 Páginas 42 - 49

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Objetivos: O trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar o conhecimento, práticas e atitudes do pediatra em relação à promoção de saúde oral, cuidados orais, cáries e lesões orais em crianças. Métodos: Tratou-se de um estudo transversal, realizado com pediatras do Estado de Alagoas, Brasil. Os dados foram recolhidos no período entre março e junho de 2019, por meio de um questionário respondido por 134 pediatras. Resultados: Embora 91% da amostra tenha relatado orientar o início da escovagem dentária após a erupção do primeiro dente, apenas 10,4% dos pediatras orientam o uso do dentifrício com base em evidência (contendo pelo menos 1000 ppm de flúor). Em relação à orientação dietética, 71% da amostra admitiu alertar sobre o consumo excessivo de alimentos açucarados, porém apenas 28,4% da amostra reconheceu a sacarose (açúcar da cana) como o carboidrato mais cariogénico da dieta. A maior parte da amostra (59,7%) afirmou reconhecer os primeiros sinais de surgimento de cárie, embora apenas 10% tenham classificado a presença de manchas brancas como um sinal precoce da doença. Conclusões: Os conhecimentos, atitudes e práticas dos pediatras em relação à saúde oral torna-se imprescindível para que estes profissionais possam pautar a sua conduta clínica com base em evidências científicas

Abstract Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate the pediatrician’s knowledge, practices, and attitudes regarding oral health promotion, oral care, caries, and oral lesions in children. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out with pediatricians from the State of Alagoas, Brazil. Data were collected between March and June 2019 through a questionnaire answered by 134 pediatricians. Results: Although 91% of the sample reported that they recommended starting toothbrushing after the first tooth eruption, only 10.4% recommended using toothpaste based on evidence (containing at least 1000 ppm of fluoride). Regarding dietary advice, 71% of the sample admitted warning about excessive consumption of sugary foods, but only 28.4% recognized sucrose (cane sugar) as the most cariogenic carbohydrate in the diet. Most of the sample (59.7%) claimed to recognize the first signs of caries, although only 10% classified the presence of white spots as an early sign of the disease. Conclusions: Pediatricians’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding oral health are essential to guide their clinical conduct based on scientific evidence.

https://doi.org/10.24873/j.rpemd.2023.03.1049

Ground improvement techniques applied to very soft clays: state of knowledge and recent advances
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Almeida, Marcio de Souza Soares de

; Marques, Maria Esther Soares

; Riccio, Mario

; Fagundes, Diego de Freitas

; Lima, Bruno Teixeira

; Polido, Uberescilas Fernandes

; Cirone, Alessandro

; Hosseinpour, Iman

Soils and Rocks

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2023, Volume 46 Nº 1 elocation e2023008222

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Soft ground improvement techniques have evolved substantially in Brazil in recent years. However, their application in soft and very soft clays requires a good understanding of the fundamentals of ground improvement techniques suited to the problem as well as the actual field behavior when implemented on a real scale. This paper describes some of the most widely used ground improvement techniques in the context of very soft clays in Brazil. The techniques described in the paper use prefabricated vertical drains (PVD) such as vacuum preloading; or combine PVD and rigid inclusion, such as CPR grouting; or are purely column-like elements such as piled embankments (including those executed with the deep mixing technique, DSM); or combine column-like elements with the drainage function, such as stone columns and geosynthetic encased columns; or use cementitious binders such as shallow soil mixing. The paper reference condition is a soft clay foundation in which no strengthening is implemented, such as, an embankment with basal reinforcement or soft clay with vertical prefabricated drains, or the use of vacuum preloading to speed up the consolidation rate. The applications of the ground improvement techniques are illustrated by case histories, numerical analyses, or physical models. Different types of measurements are used to evaluate the performance of each technique, including settlements, horizontal displacements, excess pore pressures, embankment applied stresses, stress concentration factors, and clay strength following the ground treatment. The settlement improvement factor β, the ratio between the settlements for untreated and treated conditions, is shown to be a suitable parameter to assess the degree of improvement imposed in the soft foundation by ranking the various methods in increased order of strengthening effect.

https://doi.org/10.28927/sr.2023.008222

High prevalence of hepatitis B virus and low vaccine response in children and adolescents in Northeastern Brazil
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Castro, Rogério Soares

; Cordeiro, Bárbara Silva

; Rolim, Marco Aurélio Ferreira

; Costa, Alessandra Porto de Macedo

; Santos, Max Diego Cruz

; Silva, Marcos Antonio Custódio Neto da

; Albuquerque, Ingrid de Campos

; Fonseca, Lena Maria Barros

; Pinho, João Renato Rebello

; Gouvêa, Michelle Soares Gomes

; Silva, Antônio Augusto Moura da

; Ferreira, Adalgisa de Souza Paiva

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2023, Volume 65 elocation e33

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Children have an increased likelihood of becoming carriers of the chronic hepatitis B virus. A total of 1,381 children and adolescents were assessed in five municipalities of Maranhao State, Brazil, for detection of anti-HBc, HBsAg and anti-HBs serologic markers and sociodemographic and behavioral features. Among those who were HBsAg negative and anti-HBc negative, the proportion of anti-HBs positives was calculated after the individuals had completed the vaccination schedule. The robust variance of the Poisson’s regression model was used in order to have adjusted tables and calculate the prevalence ratio. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify the factors associated with the prevalence of anti-HBc with or without HBsAg and the vaccine response. It was observed that 163 children were anti-HBc positive and nine individuals were HBsAg positive. The factors associated with the infection were: municipality of residence (residing in Morros municipality or Humberto de Campos municipality), residence in a rural area, aged between 13 and 15 years old, and illicit drug use. The percentage of individuals who were anti-HBc negative and received all three doses of the vaccine was 48.5%. Among these, only 276 (38.9%) had antibodies at protective concentrations. In an adjusted analysis, Morros municipality presented an increased positivity of vaccine response (p < 0.001), and the age ranging between 6 and 10 years old presented a reduced frequency of response. This study reveals a high prevalence of current and past HBV infection within the targeted age group which, in addition to the low vaccination coverage and serological responses, raises concerns about the management of prevention measures, especially the quality of vaccination in these locations.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202365033

Sensory analysis of goat cheese feed with sorghum silage levels in forage cactus based diets
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Sobral, Gilberto de Carvalho

; Oliveira, Juliana Silva de

; Saraiva, Carla Aparecida Soares

; Santos, Edson Mauro

; Vieira, Diego de Sousa

; Cruz, Antoniel Florencio da

; Torres Junior, Paulo da Cunha

; Albuquerque, Ítalo Reneu Rosas de

; Araújo, Alessandra Oliveira de

; Ribeiro, Neila Lidiany

Food Science and Technology

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2023, Volume 43 elocation e90022

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of milk and cheese and sensory analysis of cheese from goats that received a diet with different levels of sorghum silage in the diet. Twenty Anglonubian dairy goats were used, with an average age of 2 years, average live weight of 43.7 kg, distributed in a completely randomized design, with five replications. Moisture (P=0.001), total solids (P=0.001), fat (p=0.001), TDE (P=0.006) and protein (P=0.003) of goat cheese showed a significant difference due to the inclusion of silage from goat cheese. sorghum in the diet. The sensory attributes soft appearance (P<.0001), look (P<.0001), salty taste (P<.0001) and smooth texture (P=0.0430) showed a significant difference depending on the level of sorghum silage added to the diet. of goats. In the PC analysis, it is observed that three main components were needed to represent the variation of 64.84% of the data. PC 1 determined 29% of the data variation and was represented by the attributes with the highest averages: attractive aroma (5.87) and global acceptability (7.74). The inclusion of up to 45% of sorghum silage in the diet of goats increased milk and cheese fat, which favored high scores for the attributes of softness and global acceptance.

https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.90022

Epidemiological indicators of Chagas disease in the metropolitan region of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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Lanza, Fernanda Cardoso

; Ribeiro-Jr, Gilmar

; Miranda, Diego Lopes Paim

; Santos, Fred Luciano Neves

; Carvalho, Cristiane Medeiros Moraes de

; Cunha, Gabriel Muricy

; Carneiro, Ianei de Oliveira

; Reis, Renato Barbosa

; Cunha, José Maurício Albuquerque

; Cardoso, Cristiane Wanderley

; Soares, Jorgana Fernanda de Souza

; Araújo, Fernando Luiz Vieira de

; Reis, Mitermayer Galvão

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2023, Volume 56 elocation e0185-2022

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background: Chagas disease (CD) is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and transmitted by triatomines. Historical information from the 20th century demonstrates T. cruzi records in the metropolitan region of Salvador (MRS), the third largest urban agglomeration in the Brazilian Northeast and the eighth largest in Brazil, an area with intense migratory activity from CD-endemic regions. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate CD indicators (prevalence and mortality) in the MRS. Methods: A mixed ecological and descriptive study was conducted using secondary data. We analyzed data from 2008 to 2015: deaths due to CD, self-reported cases of CD, and blood donors that were non-negative for T. cruzi infection. Results: São Francisco do Conde was one of the municipalities with the highest mortality rates due to CD. The seroprevalence rates varied by year and municipality; those with the highest values were 2008: Vera Cruz, 2009: Mata de São João, 2010: Dias D'Ávila, 2011 and 2015: São Francisco do Conde, 2012: São Sebastião do Passé, and 2013 and 2014: Pojuca. Spatial correlations between the municipalities were not detected. Conclusions: We conclude that CD is present in the MRS. The indicators analyzed in the MRS are below-state-level data. Given the importance of indicator analysis for the surveillance and control of CD at the state and national levels, it is important to strengthen the surveillance program at the municipal level, including the regions classified as low risk for T. cruzi vector transmission.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0185-2022

Flora of Ceará, Brazil: Vitaceae
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Souza, Igor Renan Bonfim de

; Farias, Diego Costa

; Sousa, Luana Mateus de

; Ribeiro, Rayane de Tasso Moreira

; Soares Neto, Raimundo Luciano

; Loiola, Maria Iracema Bezerra

Rodriguésia

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2023, Volume 74 elocation e01512021

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract We examined here the diversity and distribution of Vitaceae species in Ceará state, Brazil, as part of the “Flora of Ceará Project: knowing to conserve”, analyzing the morphological characters of specimens collected in the field, those available in the ALCB, BHCB, EAC, CEN, EAFM, HCDAL, HST, HUEFS, HUVA, HVASF, IAN, IPA, K, MBM, MOSS, NY, P, R, UEC, and US herbaria or in the specialized literature. We include here an identification key, occurrence maps, morphological descriptions, and comments concerning their ecology. The main morphological features for species delimiting were leaf type and symmetry, trichome and tendril types, presence or absence of streaks on branches, stipule, flower bud and fruit shape. Eleven species of Vitaceae included within two genera were recorded in Ceará: Cissus albida, C. blanchetiana, C. campestris, C. erosa, C. gongylodes, C. subrhomboidea, C. sulcicaulis, C. tinctoria, C. verticillata, C. xerophila, and Clematicissus simsiana. The species were registered in 45 municipalities, with C. erosa and C. verticillata being widely distributed. Those species inhabit different phytoecological areas in Ceará, although preferentially growing in Stepic Savanna (Caatinga). Six species occur in nine legally protected conservation areas. Ceará state holds 40.74% of the registered species of the family found in northeastern Brazil.

Resumo Examinamos aqui a diversidade e distribuição de espécies de Vitaceae no estado do Ceará, Brasil, como parte do projeto “Flora do Ceará: conhecer para conservar”, analisando caracteres morfológicos de amostras obtidas em campo, em coleções depositadas em herbários (ALCB, BHCB, EAC, CEN, EAFM, HCDAL, HST, HUEFS, HUVA, HVASF, IAN, IPA, K, MBM, MOSS, NY, P, R, UEC, US) ou publicadas em literaturas especializadas. Chave de identificação, descrições morfológicas, comentários sobre a ecologia e mapas de ocorrência dos táxons foram incluídos. Os principais caracteres para o reconhecimento das espécies foram o tipo e simetria das folhas, tipos de tricomas e gavinhas, presença ou ausência de estrias nos ramos e formas da estípula, botão floral e fruto. No território cearense ocorrem 11 espécies de Vitaceae pertencentes a dois gêneros: Cissus albida, C. blanchetiana, C. campestris, C. erosa, C. gongylodes, C. subrhomboidea, C. sulcicaulis, C. tinctoria, C. verticillata, C. xerophila e Clematicissus simsiana. As espécies foram registradas em 45 municípios, sendo C. erosa e C. verticillata as que apresentaram distribuição mais ampla. As espécies habitam diferentes unidades fitoecológicas no Ceará, no entanto, crescem preferencialmente na Savana Estépica (Caatinga). Seis espécies ocorrem em nove diferentes Unidades de Conservação. O estado do Ceará detém 40,74% das espécies registradas da família no nordeste brasileiro.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202374005

10.

First report of putative Leishmania RNA virus 2 (LRV2) in Leishmania infantum strains from canine and human visceral leishmaniasis cases in the southeast of Brazil
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Rêgo, Felipe Dutra

; da Silva, Eduardo Sérgio

; Lopes, Valeriana Valadares

; Teixeira-Neto, Rafael Gonçalves

; Belo, Vinícius Silva

; Fonseca Júnior, Antônio Augusto

; Pereira, Diego Andrade

; Pena, Heber Paulino

; Laurenti, Márcia Dalastra

; Araújo, Gabriela V

; da Matta, Vânia Lúcia Ribeiro

; Chouman, Islam Hussein

; Burrin, Thainá Bergantin

; Sandoval, Carmen M

; Barrouin-Melo, Stella Maria

; de Pinho, Flaviane Alves

; de Andrade, Hélida Monteiro

; Nunes, Ramon Vieira

; Gontijo, Célia Maria Ferreira

; Soccol, Vanete Thomaz

; Klocek, Donnamae

; Grybchuk, Danyil

; Macedo, Diego Henrique

; do Monte-Neto, Rubens Lima

; Yurchenko, Vyacheslav

; Soares, Rodrigo Pedro

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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2023, Volume 118 elocation e230071

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND Leishmania RNA virus 1 (LRV1) is commonly found in South American Leishmania parasites belonging to the subgenus Viannia, whereas Leishmania RNA virus 2 (LRV2) was previously thought to be restricted to the Old-World pathogens of the subgenus Leishmania. OBJECTIVES In this study, we investigated the presence of LRV2 in strains of Leishmania (L.) infantum, the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), originating from different hosts, clinical forms, and geographical regions. METHODS A total of seventy-one isolates were screened for LRV2 using semi-nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) targeting the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene. FINDINGS We detected LRV2 in two L. infantum isolates (CUR268 and HP-EMO) from canine and human cases, respectively. MAIN CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first detection of LRV2 in the New World.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760230071

11.

Religiosity and Spirituality: The Relationship Between Psychosocial Factors and Cardiovascular Health
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Cruz, José Icaro Nunes

; Cardozo, Adelle Cristine Lima

; Melo, Enaldo Vieira de

; Lira, Juliana Maria Chianca

; Santos, Giulia Vieira

; Salazar, Gabriela de Oliveira

; Oliveira, Bruna

; Reis, Mariano César de Souza

; Lima, Diego Maldini Borba de

; Soares, Philipi Santos

; Sousa, Antônio Carlos Sobral

; Oliveira, Joselina Luzia Menezes

International Journal of Cardiovascular Sciences

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2023, Volume 36 elocation e20220176

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background: Religiosity and Spirituality (R/S), despite being different entities, are multidimensional constructs, whose influence on cardiovascular health has been increasingly studied in recent decades. Objectives: To discriminate patients into subgroups according to R/S levels, in order to compare them regarding the distribution of cardiovascular comorbidities and clinical events. Methods: This is an observational, cross-sectional, analytical study. Two R/S scales were applied to a sample of patients seen at cardiology outpatient clinics. A cluster analysis was used to discriminate individuals into subgroups regarding R/S levels, which were subsequently compared regarding the frequencies of clinical variables related to cardiovascular health. A significance level of 5% was set for the statistical tests. Results: The sample included 237 patients with a mean age of 60.8 years (±10.7), of which 132 were female (55.7%). Cluster analysis (C) distinguished two groups: C1, with lower levels of R/S, and C2, with higher levels of R/S (p<0.001). C2 had a lower frequency of alcohol consumption (29.5% vs. 76.0%; p<0.001), smoking (12.9% vs. 51.0%; p<0.001), systemic arterial hypertension (SAH — 65.5% vs. 82.3%; p=0.005), dyslipidemia (58.3% vs. 77.1%; p=0.003), chronic coronary syndrome (36.7% vs. 58.3%; p=0.001), and prior cardiovascular events (15.8% vs. 36.5%; p<0.001) when compared to C1. There was also a higher frequency of females in C2 (82.0% vs. 17.7%; p<0.001). Conclusions: A better cardiovascular morbidity profile was observed in the group of patients with higher R/S levels, suggesting a probable positive relationship between R/S and cardiovascular health.

https://doi.org/10.36660/ijcs.20220176

12.

Bovine genital leptospirosis: Findings in bulls maintained in Caatinga biome conditions
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Barnabé, Nathanael N.C.

; Soares, Rafael R.

; Nogueira, Denise B.

; Araújo Júnior, João P.

; Malossi, Camila D.

; Costa, Diego F.

; Silva, Maria L.C.R.

; Higino, Severino S.S.

; Azevedo, Sérgio S.

; Alves, Clebert J.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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2023, Volume 43 elocation e07376

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT: Leptospirosis is a disease that causes economic and social impact, as it affects wild and domestic animals and humans. There may be peculiarities in the epidemiology of this disease in the Caatinga biome, Brazil, where the environment is adverse and the etiologic agent, Leptospira spp., requires alternative transmission routes. Considering that in bovine leptospirosis the genital carrier is constantly neglected and the lack of reports on the role of bulls in the epidemiology of the bovine genital leptospirosis (BGL) syndrome, mainly in semiarid conditions such as Caatinga biome, this study aimed to investigate bulls maintained in Caatinga biome conditions as genital carriers of leptospires. Urinary tract (urine, bladder, and kidney) and reproductive tract (vas deferens, cauda epididymis, and vesicular gland) samples were collected from 42 slaughtered bulls. Microscopic agglutination test (MAT), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and microbiological isolation were included as diagnostic methods. Anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies were found in 17 (40.48%) animals, while 26 animals (61.90%) had at least one organ or urine with leptospiral DNA, and 10 animals (23.81%) were positive at bacteriological culture. Sequenced samples targeting the LipL32 gene showed 99% similarity with Leptospira borgpetersenii. Molecular analysis of samples from the vas deferens and cauda epididymis is recommended for the diagnosis of genital leptospirosis in bulls and, if it is impossible to collect these tissues, semen can be used. In conclusion, this study provides important information relating to bulls from the Caatinga biome, Brazil, as carriers of genital leptospirosis. The results indicate that, even under adverse environmental conditions, leptospires may survive and propagate, mainly due to the characteristic of genital carriers for the sexually spreading of adapted Leptospira species without influence by external variables. Thus, prevention and control strategies for bovine leptospirosis need to include actions aimed at the genital carrier.

RESUMO: A leptospirose é uma doença que causa impacto econômico e social, pois afeta animais silvestres, domésticos e humanos. É possível que existam peculiaridades na epidemiologia desta doença no bioma Caatinga, Brasil, onde o ambiente é adverso e o agente etiológico, Leptospira spp., requer vias alternativas de transmissão. Considerando que na leptospirose bovina o portador genital é constantemente negligenciado e a falta de relatos sobre o papel dos touros na epidemiologia da síndrome da leptospirose genital bovina (BGL), principalmente em condições semiáridas como no bioma Caatinga, este estudo teve como objetivo investigar touros mantidos em condições do bioma Caatinga como portadores genitais de leptospiras. Amostras do trato urinário (urina, bexiga e rim) e do trato reprodutivo (ducto deferente, cauda do epidídimo e glândula vesicular) foram coletadas de 42 touros abatidos. Teste de soroaglutinação microscópica (SAM), reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) e isolamento microbiológico foram incluídos como métodos de diagnóstico. Anticorpos anti-Leptospira spp. foram encontrados em 17 (40,48%) animais, enquanto 26 animais (61,90%) apresentaram pelo menos um órgão ou urina com DNA leptospírico, e 10 animais (23,81%) foram positivos na cultura bacteriológica. As amostras sequenciadas a partir do gene LipL32 apresentaram 99% de similaridade com Leptospira borgpetersenii. Recomenda-se a análise molecular de amostras de ducto deferente e cauda do epidídimo para o diagnóstico de leptospirose genital em touros e, na impossibilidade da coleta desses tecidos, o sêmen pode ser utilizado. Em conclusão, este estudo fornece informações importantes sobre touros do bioma Caatinga, Brasil, como portadores de leptospirose genital. Os resultados indicam que, mesmo em condições ambientais adversas, as leptospiras podem sobreviver e se propagar, principalmente devido à característica de os portadores genitais disseminarem sexualmente espécies adaptadas de Leptospira sem influência de variáveis externas. Assim, as estratégias de prevenção e controle da leptospirose bovina precisam incluir ações voltadas para o portador genital.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-7376

13.

The SISBIOTA-Diptera Brazilian Network: A long-term survey of Diptera from unexplored Brazilian Western Arc of Amazon, Cerrado, and Pantanal
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Lamas, Carlos José Einicker

; Fachin, Diego Aguilar

; Falaschi, Rafaela Lopes

; Alcantara, Daniel Máximo Correa de

; Ale-Rocha, Rosaly

; Amorim, Dalton de Souza

; Araújo, Maíra Xavier

; Ascendino, Sharlene

; Baldassio, Letícia

; Bellodi, Carolina Ferraz

; Bravo, Freddy

; Calhau, Julia

; Capellari, Renato Soares

; Carmo-Neto, Antonio Marcelino do

; Cegolin, Bianca Melo

; Couri, Márcia Souto

; Carvalho, Claudio José Barros de

; Dios, Rodrigo de Vilhena Perez

; Falcon, Aida Vanessa Gomez

; Fusari, Livia Maria

; Garcia, Carolina de Almeida

; Gil-Azevedo, Leonardo Henrique

; Gomes, Marina Morim

; Graciolli, Gustavo

; Gudin, Filipe Macedo

; Henriques, Augusto Loureiro

; Krolow, Tiago Kütter

; Mendes, Luanna Layla

; Limeira-de-Oliveira, Francisco

; Maia, Valéria Cid

; Marinoni, Luciane

; Mello, Ramon Luciano

; Mello-Patiu, Cátia Antunes de

; Morales, Mírian Nunes

; Oliveira, Sarah Siqueira

; Patiu, Claudemir

; Proença, Barbara

; Pujol-Luz, Cristiane Vieira de Assis

; Pujol-Luz, José Roberto

; Rafael, José Albertino

; Riccardi, Paula Raile

; Rodrigues, João Paulo Vinicios

; Roque, Fabio de Oliveira

; Sallum, Maria Anice Mureb

; Santis, Marcelo Domingos de

; Santos, Charles Morphy Dias dos

; Santos, Josenilson Rodrigues dos

; Savaris, Marcoandre

; Shimabukuro, Paloma Helena Fernandes

; Silva, Vera Cristina

; Schelesky-Prado, Daniel de Castro

; Silva-Neto, Alberto Moreira da

; Camargo, Alexssandro

; Sousa, Viviane Rodrigues de

; Urso-Guimarães, Maria Virginia

; Wiedenbrug, Sofia

; Yamaguchi, Carolina

; Nihei, Silvio Shigueo

Revista Brasileira de Entomologia

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2023, Volume 67 Nº 4 elocation e20230051

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The SISBIOTA-BRASIL was a three-year multimillion-dollar research program of the Brazilian government to document plants and animals in endangered/understudied areas and biomes in Brazil. Distributional patterns and the historical events that generated them are extensively unknown regarding Brazilian fauna and flora. This deficiency hinders the development of conservation policies and the understanding of evolutionary processes. Conservation decisions depend on precise knowledge of the taxonomy and geographic distribution of species. Given such a premise, we proposed to research the diversity of Diptera of the Brazilian western arc of Amazon, Cerrado, and Pantanal in the states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, and Rondônia. Three important biomes of the South American continent characterize these Brazilian states: Amazon forest, Cerrado (Brazilian Savannah), and Pantanal. Besides their ecological relevance, these biomes historically lack intensive entomological surveys. Therefore, they are much underrepresented in the Brazilian natural history collections and in the scientific literature, which is further aggravated by the fact that these areas are being exponentially and rapidly converted to commercial lands. Our project involved over 90 collaborators from 24 different Brazilian institutions and one from Colombia among researchers, postdocs, graduate and undergraduate students, and technicians. We processed and analyzed nearly 300,000 specimens from ~60 families of Diptera collected with a large variety of methods in the sampled areas. Here, we provide a detailed overview of the genera and species diversity of 41 families treated. Our results point to a total of 2,130 species and 514 genera compiled and identified for the three states altogether, with an increase of 41% and 29% in the numbers of species and genera known for the three states combined, respectively. Overall, the 10 most species-rich families were Tachinidae, Cecidomyiidae, Tabanidae, Psychodidae, Sarcophagidae, Stratiomyidae, Bombyliidae, Syrphidae, Tephritidae, and Asilidae. The 10 most diverse in the number of genera were Tachinidae, Stratiomyidae, Asilidae, Mycetophilidae, Syrphidae, Tabanidae, Muscidae, Dolichopodidae, Sarcophagidae, and Chloropidae. So far, 111 scientific papers were published regarding taxonomic, phylogenetic, and biogeographical aspects of the studied families, with the description of 101 new species and three new genera. We expect that additional publications will result from this investigation because several specimens are now curated and being researched by specialists.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-rbent-2023-0051

14.

Systematic review of reverse vaccinology and immunoinformatics data for non-viral sexually transmitted infections
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GOMES, LUCAS GABRIEL R.

; DUTRA, JOYCE C.F.

; PROFETA, RODRIGO

; DIAS, MARIANA V.

; GARCÍA, GLEN J.Y.

; RODRIGUES, DIEGO LUCAS N.

; GOÉS NETO, ARISTÓTELES

; ABURJAILE, FLÁVIA F.

; TIWARI, SANDEEP

; SOARES, SIOMAR C.

; AZEVEDO, VASCO

; JAISWAL, ARUN K.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Supl. 2 elocation e20230617

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) are a public health burden rising in developed and developing nations. The World Health Organization estimates nearly 374 million new cases of curable STIs yearly. Global efforts to control their spread have been insufficient in fulfilling their objective. As there is no vaccine for many of these infections, these efforts are focused on education and condom distribution. The development of vaccines for STIs is vital for successfully halting their spread. The field of immunoinformatics is a powerful new tool for vaccine development, allowing for the identification of vaccine candidates within a bacterium’s genome and allowing for the design of new genome-based vaccine peptides. The goal of this review was to evaluate the usage of immunoinformatics in research focused on non-viral STIs, identifying fields where research efforts are concentrated. Here we describe gaps in applying these techniques, as in the case of Treponema pallidum and Trichomonas vaginalis.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320230617

15.

Meta-analysis of meat quality of cattle slaughtered with different subcutaneous fat thicknesses
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Pacheco, Rangel Fernandes

; Machado, Diego Soares

; Restle, João

; Sartori, Dayana Bernardi Sarzi

; Costa, Pablo Tavares

; Vaz, Ricardo Zambarda

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira

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2023, Volume 58 elocation e03110

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate, through meta-analysis, the impact of subcutaneous fat thickness on beef qualitative traits. Combined data from 13 studies were used, comprising 245 carcasses of male bovines slaughtered in Brazil. Effect size for all parameters was calculated as mean difference or standardized mean difference, at 95% probability. The meta-analysis of random and fixed effects was carried out when I2>50% and I2<50%, respectively, for each indicator separately, with means for fat thickness, classified in the “control” (3–6 mm), “low” (<3 mm), and “high” (>6 mm) groups. Carcasses in the “high” group showed greater intramuscular fat deposition, whereas those in the “low” group presented an intramuscular fat deposition similar to that of the control. When the fat thickness was below the recommended threshold of 3 mm, shear force increased. Subcutaneous fat thickness values greater than 6 mm induced a positive change in the perception of tenderness by the panel of evaluators. Beef carcasses with a subcutaneous fat thickness over 6 mm tend to accumulate more intramuscular fat content and are tenderer for consumers’ acceptance. Carcasses with a fat thickness less than 3 mm produce tougher meat.

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar, por meio de meta-análise, o impacto da espessura de gordura subcutânea nas características qualitativas de carne bovina. Foram utilizados dados combinados de 13 estudos, compreendendo 245 carcaças de bovinos machos abatidos no Brasil. O tamanho do efeito para todos os parâmetros foi calculado como diferença média ou diferença média padronizada, a 95% de probabilidade. A meta-análise de efeitos aleatórios e fixos foi realizada quando I2>50% e I2<50%, respectivamente, para cada indicador separadamente, com as médias para espessura de gordura classificadas nos grupos “controle” (3–6 mm), “baixo” (<3 mm) e “alto” (>6 mm). As carcaças do grupo “alto” apresentaram maior deposição de gordura intramuscular, enquanto as do grupo “baixo” apresentaram deposição de gordura intramuscular semelhante à do controle. Quando a espessura da gordura estava abaixo do limite recomendado de 3 mm, a força de cisalhamento aumentou. Valores de espessura de gordura subcutânea maiores que 6 mm induziram mudança positiva na percepção de maciez pelo painel de avaliadores. As carcaças bovinas com espessura de gordura subcutânea superior a 6 mm tendem a acumular maior teor de gordura intramuscular e são mais macias para aceitação do consumidor. As carcaças com espessura de gordura inferior a 3 mm produzem carne mais dura.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.03110

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