ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To expose visibility of the health concerns of sexual and gender minority groups in Chile, as well as to provide a platform to advocate for policies that support the health and well-being of sexual and gender minority people in the country. METHODS The health conditions and risk factors of participants identified as sexual and gender minority were compared to those identified as cisgender heterosexual using data from the 2016-2017 National Health Survey. RESULTS Despite reporting higher self-rated health than heterosexual men, gay men had a higher risk of lifetime diagnosis of sexually transmitted infections. Compared to heterosexual women, the prevalence of depression was higher among bisexual women, who were also less likely to have been tested for HIV. Moreover, transgender participants were more likely to report depression and worse self-rated health than cisgender heterosexual participants. CONCLUSION Small sample sizes of sexual and gender minority subgroups might have obscured some differences that would have been observable in larger samples. Despite this, we found statistically significant sexual and/or gender identity differences in several health areas, especially mental, sexual, and overall health.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To expose visibility of the health concerns of sexual and gender minority groups in Chile, as well as to provide a platform to advocate for policies that support the health and well-being of sexual and gender minority people in the country. METHODS The health conditions and risk factors of participants identified as sexual and gender minority were compared to those identified as cisgender heterosexual using data from the 2016-2017 National Health Survey. RESULTS Despite reporting higher self-rated health than heterosexual men, gay men had a higher risk of lifetime diagnosis of sexually transmitted infections. Compared to heterosexual women, the prevalence of depression was higher among bisexual women, who were also less likely to have been tested for HIV. Moreover, transgender participants were more likely to report depression and worse self-rated health than cisgender heterosexual participants. CONCLUSION Small sample sizes of sexual and gender minority subgroups might have obscured some differences that would have been observable in larger samples. Despite this, we found statistically significant sexual and/or gender identity differences in several health areas, especially mental, sexual, and overall health.

Abstract It was proposed to know the health vulnerability and health care needs of immigrants in Chile, through a qualitative exploratory study. The findings suggest that their vulnerability would be due to their irregular status, precarious work and low incomes, when they do. Health conditions are common morbidity, mental and reproductive health. Acculturation and a positive attitude towards self-care would be protective factors. An important barrier to access is the illegal status of some immigrants; as the ignorance of the Chilean health system. It is suggested to socialize health policies for migrants and to expand targeted strategies for their health care.

Resumen Se propuso conocer la vulnerabilidad sanitaria y necesidades de salud de personas inmigrantes en Chile, a través de un estudio cualitativo exploratorio. Los hallazgos indican que su vulnerabilidad estaría dada por su condición irregular, trabajo precario y bajos ingresos, cuando lo tienen. Las afecciones de salud son morbilidad común, de salud mental y reproductiva. La aculturación y actitud positiva hacia el autocuidado serían factores protectores. Importante barrera de acceso es la situación ilegal de algunos inmigrantes; y el desconocimiento del sistema sanitario chileno. Se sugiere socializar políticas sanitarias para migrantes y expandir estrategias dirigidas para su atención de salud.

Objetivo. Explorar la relación entre nivel de conocimientos y riesgo de exposición ocupacional a VIH en trabajadores de salud de atención primaria. Metodología. Estudio analítico de corte transversal; 720 trabajadores de salud de Santiago respondieron un cuestionario acerca de VIH/SIDA, incluyendo conocimientos (inadecuado o adecuado), riesgo ocupacional (con o sin riesgo) y variables de control (edad, sexo, centro de salud, educación y estado civil). Se hicieron análisis descriptivos y de asociación. Se estimó la Odds Ratio (OR) mediante regresión logística simple y múltiple. Resultados. El 58.7% de los participantes reportó riesgo ocupacional de VIH. Un 63.8% del grupo con exposición presentó un nivel de conocimientos adecuado, versus el 36.1% del grupo sin exposición (OR ajustado de 3.1, IC95%OR: 2.0-4.8, p <0.0001). Los técnicos y el personal de aseo reportaron una proporción menor de nivel adecuado de conocimientos que el del personal con preparación universitario (p <0.0001). Conclusión. El nivel de riesgo ocupacional de VIH está asociado en forma directa con el nivel de conocimientos de esta enfermedad.

Objective. To explore the relationship between knowledge level and occupational risk exposure to HIV/AIDS in primary care health workers. Methodology. Analytical cross-sectional study. 720 health workers from Santiago answered a survey about HIV/AIDS that included: knowledge level (appropriate, inappropriate), occupational risk (with or without risk), and control variables (age, gender, health center, education and marital status). Descriptive and association analysis were performed. Odds Ratio (OR) was estimated through simple and multiple regressions logistics. Results. 58.7% of the participants reported HIV occupational risk. 63.8% of the participants from the exposed group reported an appropriate level of knowledge, versus 36.1% of the non-exposed group (Adjusted OR of 3.1, IC95%OR: 2.0-4.8, p <0.0001). Technicians and cleaning staff reported a lower proportion of appropriate level of knowledge compared to the employees with college education (p <0.0001). Conclusion. The level of HIV/AID occupational risk is directly associated with the level of knowledge of the disease.

Objetivo. Explorar a relação entre nível de conhecimentos e risco de exposição ocupacional a HIV/AIDS em trabalhadores de saúde de atendimento primário Metodologia. Estudo observacional analítico de corte transversal; 720 trabalhadores de saúde de Santiago responderam um questionário a respeito de HIV/AIDS, incluindo conhecimentos (inadequado ou adequado), risco ocupacional (com ou sem risco) e variáveis de controle (idade, sexo, centro de saúde, educação e estado civil). Fizeram-se análises descritivas e de associação. Estimou-se a Odds Ratio (OR) mediante regressão logística simples e múltipla. Resultados. O 58.7% dos participantes reportou risco ocupacional de HIV/AIDS. Um 63.8% do grupo com exposição apresentou um nível de conhecimentos adequado, contra o 36.1% do grupo sem exposição (OR ajustado de 3.1, IC95%OR: 2.0-4.8, p <0.0001). Os técnicos e o pessoal de lavabo reportaram uma proporção menor de nível adequado de conhecimentos do que o do pessoal com preparação universitário (p <0.0001). Conclusão. O nível de risco ocupacional de HIV está sócio em forma direta com o nível de conhecimentos desta doença.