RESUMO OBJETIVOS Descrever a tendência da atividade física (AF) em quatro domínios realizada por gestantes residentes nas capitais brasileiras e no Distrito Federal (DF) e verificar a associação entre fatores sociodemográficos e a prática de atividade física de lazer entre 2007 e 2017. MÉTODOS Estudo de tendência temporal realizado com dados do Sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco para doenças crônicas por inquérito telefônico (Vigitel). Foram estudadas 3.730 gestantes no período, considerando as variáveis sociodemográficas (idade, macrorregião, trabalho, estado civil, escolaridade, cor) e de atividade física nos quatro domínios (lazer, trabalho, deslocamento, doméstico – sim/não). Para as gestantes que realizavam atividade física de lazer, foi questionada a duração, expressa na variável AF ≥ 150 minutos/semana (sim/não). A tendência temporal foi avaliada por regressão linear ponderada pela variância (variação anual média foi expressa em pontos percentuais – p.p.) e a associação de fatores sociodemográficos com a atividade física de lazer por regressão de Poisson, com estimativa da razão de prevalência (RP). RESULTADOS A prevalência de gestantes com 12 anos ou mais de estudo aumentou no período analisado (+1,37 p.p./ano), assim como a prevalência de gestantes com mais de 35 anos (+1,11 p.p./ano) e aquelas que trabalham (+0,75 p.p./ano). A prevalência de atividade física de lazer pelas gestantes aumentou de 29,3%, em 2007, para 37,6%, em 2017 (+1,37 p.p./ano), e de AF ≥ 150min/semana de 2,3% para 20,6% (+2,33 p.p./ano), respectivamente, e houve redução de atividades físicas domésticas de 63,9% para 38,9% (-1,65 p.p./ano). A prevalência da prática de atividade física de lazer foi superior entre as gestantes com mais de 12 anos de estudo (RP = 2,22; IC95% 1,73–2,84), quando comparadas àquelas com menos de 8 anos, e menor entre gestantes pretas/pardas/indígenas, comparadas às brancas/amarelas (RP = 0,87; IC95% 0,78–0,97). A prevalência da AF ≥ 150min/semana aumentou conforme os anos de escolaridade e idade. CONCLUSÕES A prevalência da prática de atividade física de lazer e sua realização por ≥ 150minutos/semana aumentou no período analisado, e ambas se associaram diretamente à maior escolaridade.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES To describe the trend of physical activity (PhA) in four domains performed by pregnant women living in Brazilian capitals and the Federal District (FD) and to verify the association between sociodemographic factors and the practice of leisure-time physical activity between 2007 and 2017. METHODS Time trend study carried out with data from the Surveillance System of Risk Factors for chronic diseases by telephone survey (Vigitel). A total of 3,730 pregnant women were interviewed in the period, considering sociodemographic variables (age, macro-region, work, marital status, schooling, skin color) and physical activity in the four domains (leisure-time, work, commuting, domestic – yes/no). For pregnant women who performed leisure-time physical activity, its duration was inquired, expressed in the variable PhA ≥ 150 minutes/week (yes/no). The time trend was evaluated by variance-weighted linear regression (average annual variation was expressed in percentage points – pp) and the association of sociodemographic factors with leisure-time physical activity by Poisson regression, with prevalence ratio (PR) estimation. RESULTS The prevalence of pregnant women with 12 years of schooling or more increased in the analyzed period (+1.37 pp/year), as well as the prevalence of pregnant women with more than 35 years of age (+1.11 pp/year) and those who work (+0.75 pp/year). The prevalence of leisure-time physical activity by pregnant women increased from 29.3% in 2007 to 37.6% in 2017 (+1.37 pp/year), and of PhA ≥ 150min/week from 2.3% to 20.6% (+2.33 pp/year), respectively, and there was a reduction in domestic physical activities from 63.9% to 38.9% (-1.65 pp/year). The prevalence of leisure-time physical activity was higher among pregnant women with more than 12 years of schooling (PR = 2.22; 95%CI: 1.73–2.84) as compared to those with less than 8 years of age, and lower among black/brown/indigenous pregnant women, compared to white/yellow ones (PR = 0.87; 95%CI: 0.78–0.97). The prevalence of PhA ≥ 150min/week increased according to years of schooling and age. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of leisure-time physical activity and its performance for ≥ 150 minutes/week increased in the analyzed period, and both were directly associated with greater schooling.

RESUMO OBJETIVOS Descrever a tendência da atividade física (AF) em quatro domínios realizada por gestantes residentes nas capitais brasileiras e no Distrito Federal (DF) e verificar a associação entre fatores sociodemográficos e a prática de atividade física de lazer entre 2007 e 2017. MÉTODOS Estudo de tendência temporal realizado com dados do Sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco para doenças crônicas por inquérito telefônico (Vigitel). Foram estudadas 3.730 gestantes no período, considerando as variáveis sociodemográficas (idade, macrorregião, trabalho, estado civil, escolaridade, cor) e de atividade física nos quatro domínios (lazer, trabalho, deslocamento, doméstico – sim/não). Para as gestantes que realizavam atividade física de lazer, foi questionada a duração, expressa na variável AF ≥ 150 minutos/semana (sim/não). A tendência temporal foi avaliada por regressão linear ponderada pela variância (variação anual média foi expressa em pontos percentuais – p.p.) e a associação de fatores sociodemográficos com a atividade física de lazer por regressão de Poisson, com estimativa da razão de prevalência (RP). RESULTADOS A prevalência de gestantes com 12 anos ou mais de estudo aumentou no período analisado (+1,37 p.p./ano), assim como a prevalência de gestantes com mais de 35 anos (+1,11 p.p./ano) e aquelas que trabalham (+0,75 p.p./ano). A prevalência de atividade física de lazer pelas gestantes aumentou de 29,3%, em 2007, para 37,6%, em 2017 (+1,37 p.p./ano), e de AF ≥ 150min/semana de 2,3% para 20,6% (+2,33 p.p./ano), respectivamente, e houve redução de atividades físicas domésticas de 63,9% para 38,9% (-1,65 p.p./ano). A prevalência da prática de atividade física de lazer foi superior entre as gestantes com mais de 12 anos de estudo (RP = 2,22; IC95% 1,73–2,84), quando comparadas àquelas com menos de 8 anos, e menor entre gestantes pretas/pardas/indígenas, comparadas às brancas/amarelas (RP = 0,87; IC95% 0,78–0,97). A prevalência da AF ≥ 150min/semana aumentou conforme os anos de escolaridade e idade. CONCLUSÕES A prevalência da prática de atividade física de lazer e sua realização por ≥ 150minutos/semana aumentou no período analisado, e ambas se associaram diretamente à maior escolaridade.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES To describe the trend of physical activity (PhA) in four domains performed by pregnant women living in Brazilian capitals and the Federal District (FD) and to verify the association between sociodemographic factors and the practice of leisure-time physical activity between 2007 and 2017. METHODS Time trend study carried out with data from the Surveillance System of Risk Factors for chronic diseases by telephone survey (Vigitel). A total of 3,730 pregnant women were interviewed in the period, considering sociodemographic variables (age, macro-region, work, marital status, schooling, skin color) and physical activity in the four domains (leisure-time, work, commuting, domestic – yes/no). For pregnant women who performed leisure-time physical activity, its duration was inquired, expressed in the variable PhA ≥ 150 minutes/week (yes/no). The time trend was evaluated by variance-weighted linear regression (average annual variation was expressed in percentage points – pp) and the association of sociodemographic factors with leisure-time physical activity by Poisson regression, with prevalence ratio (PR) estimation. RESULTS The prevalence of pregnant women with 12 years of schooling or more increased in the analyzed period (+1.37 pp/year), as well as the prevalence of pregnant women with more than 35 years of age (+1.11 pp/year) and those who work (+0.75 pp/year). The prevalence of leisure-time physical activity by pregnant women increased from 29.3% in 2007 to 37.6% in 2017 (+1.37 pp/year), and of PhA ≥ 150min/week from 2.3% to 20.6% (+2.33 pp/year), respectively, and there was a reduction in domestic physical activities from 63.9% to 38.9% (-1.65 pp/year). The prevalence of leisure-time physical activity was higher among pregnant women with more than 12 years of schooling (PR = 2.22; 95%CI: 1.73–2.84) as compared to those with less than 8 years of age, and lower among black/brown/indigenous pregnant women, compared to white/yellow ones (PR = 0.87; 95%CI: 0.78–0.97). The prevalence of PhA ≥ 150min/week increased according to years of schooling and age. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of leisure-time physical activity and its performance for ≥ 150 minutes/week increased in the analyzed period, and both were directly associated with greater schooling.

ABSTRACT Background: We evaluated different technological approaches and anti-D clones to propose the most appropriate serologic strategy in detecting the largest numbers of D variants in blood donors. Methods: We selected 101 samples from Brazilian blood donors with different expressions of D in our donor routine. The tests were performed in immediate spin (IS) with eleven commercially available anti-D reagents in a tube and microplate. The D confirmatory tests for the presence of weak D included the indirect antiglobulin test (IAT) in a tube, gel and solid-phase red blood cell adherence (SPRCA). All DNA samples were extracted from peripheral blood and the D variants were classified using different molecular assays. Results: The RHD variants identified by molecular analysis included weak D types (1, 2, 3, 11 and 38) and partial Ds (DAR1.2, DAR1, DAR3.1, DAU0, DAU2, DAU4, DAU5, DAU6, DMH and DVII). The monoclonal-monoclonal blend RUM-1/MS26 was the best anti-D reagent used in detecting the D antigen in the IS phase in a tube, reacting with 83.2% of the D variants, while the anti-D blend D175 + 415 was the best monoclonal antibody (MoAb) used in a microplate to minimize the need for an IAT, reacting with 83.2% of the D variants. The D confirmatory tests using SPRCA showed a reactivity (3 - 4+) with 100% of the D variant samples tested. Conclusion: Our results show that, even using sensitive methods and MoAbs to ensure the accurate assignment of the D antigen, at least 17% of our donor samples need a confirmatory D test in order to avoid alloimmunization in D-negative patients.

ABSTRACT The coffee berry borer Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari, 1876 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) is considered the most serious pest of the coffee crop and is controlled primarily with the use of chemical insecticides. An alternative to this control method is the use of the entomopathogenic bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner, 1911. Therefore, the objective of this work was to select strains of B. thuringiensis virulent against H. hampei and characterize them by morphological and molecular methods to identify possible genes for the production of genetically modified plants. To achieve this objective, 34 strains of B. thuringiensis underwent a selective bioassay to evaluate their toxicity to H. hampei first-instar larvae. Among the strains tested, 11 and the standard B. thuringiensis subspecies israelensis (IPS-82) caused mortality above 90%. Then, the median lethal concentration (LC50) was estimated for these strains followed by characterization using morphological, biochemical and molecular methods. The lowest LC50 was obtained for strain BR58, although this concentration did not differ significantly from that of the standard strain IPS-82 or from that of strains BR137, BR80 and BR67. The molecular characterization detected cry4A, cry4B, cry10, cry11 and cyt1 genes in 10 of the most virulent strains (BR58, BR137, BR80, BR81, BR147, BR135, BR146, BR138, BR139, BR140). Strain BR67 differed completely from the others and amplified only the cry3 gene. This strain was more virulent than BR135, BR146, BR138, BR139 and BR140, but it did not differ from BR58, BR137, BR80, BR81 and BR147. The protein profile revealed proteins of 28, 65, 70 and 130 kDa, and the morphological analysis identified spherical crystalline inclusions in all strains. The results showed that the 11 strains studied have potential for use as a gene source for insertion into coffee plants for the control H. hampei, especially the cry3, cry4A, cry4B, cry10, cry11 and cyt1 genes, that were repeated in the most virulent isolates.

RESUMO. Elasmopalpus lignosellus (Zeller, 1848) (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) é considerada praga para mais de 60 espécies de plantas cultivadas como o milho, cana-de-açúcar, trigo, soja, arroz, feijão, sorgo, amendoim e algodão. O objetivo deste trabalho foi selecionar e caracterizar isolados de Bacillus thuringiensis virulentos a E. lignosellus atuando como método alternativo de controle. Assim, 47 isolados foram avaliados em bioensaios seletivos contra lagartas de 1º ínstar de E. lignosellus. Para os isolados mais tóxicos, a concentração letal (CL50) foi estimada e a sua caracterização foi realizada por métodos morfológicos, bioquímicos e moleculares. Dos 47 isolados testados, 12 causaram mortalidade acima 85% e apresentaram CL50 entre 0.038E+8 a 0.855E+8 esporos mL-1. Os menores valores de CL50 foram obtidos pelos isolados BR83, BR145, BR09, BR78, S1534 e S1302, os quais não diferiram da linhagem padrão HD-1, com exceção do BR83. O perfil proteico revelou proteínas Cry entre 60 e 130 kDa, e a caracterização molecular mostrou a presença dos genes cry1, cry2, cry3 e cry11. A análise morfológica identificou três diferentes inclusões cristalinas: bipiramidais, esféricas e cuboides. Entre os isolados avaliados, 12 apresentam potencial biotecnológico para controle de E. lignosellus via formulação de novos bioinseticida ou produção de plantas transgênicas.

ABSTRACT. Elasmopalpus lignosellus (Zeller, 1848) (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) is an insect pest of 60 economically important crops, including sugarcane, wheat, soybean, rice, beans, sorghum, peanuts, and cotton. The aim of this work was to select and characterize Bacillus thuringiensis isolates with insecticidal activity against E. Lignosellus that could be used as an alternative method of control. Selective bioassays were done to evaluate the toxicity of 47 isolates against first instar larvae of E. lignosellus. For the most toxic bacterial strains, the lethal concentration (LC50) was estimated and morphological, biochemical and molecular methods were used to characterize the isolates. Among the 47 isolates tested, 12 caused mortality above 85% and showed LC50 values from 0.038E+8 to 0.855E+8 spores mL-1. Isolates BR83, BR145, BR09, BR78, S1534, and S1302 had the lowest LC50 values and did not differ from the standard HD-1 strain; the exception was BR83.The protein profiles produced bands with molecular masses of 60-130 kDa. The genes cry1, cry2, cry3, and cry11 were identified in the molecular characterization. The morphological analysis identified three different crystal inclusions: bipyramidal, spherical and cuboidal. Among the tested isolates, 12 isolates have potential for biotechnological control of E. Lignosellus by development of new biopesticides or genetically modified plants.

BACKGROUND: Wra is a low-incidence antigen, which is antithetical to the high prevalence red blood cell antigen, Wrb. Anti-Wra is a naturally occurring antibody that is found in approximately 1-2% of blood donors. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of Wra and anti-Wra in Brazilian blood donors.METHODS: A total of 1662 Brazilian blood donors were molecularly analyzed using the SNaPshot methodology to determine the WR*A/B alleles and to predict the frequency of the Wra antigen. To detect the anti-Wra, samples from 1049 blood donors were analyzed using a gel test with Wr(a+) red blood cells. The serum was treated with dithiothreitol (DTT) to determine the immunoglobulin classes. Immunoglobulin (Ig)-G isotype classification was performed in a gel test using the IgG1/IgG3 card. A monocyte monolayer assay was employed to predict the clinical significance of IgG anti-Wra.RESULTS: Of the 1662 donors, only one sample had the DI*02.03 allele in heterozygous predicting the Wr(a+b+) phenotype. Anti-Wra was detected in 34 (3.24%) samples, 64.7% in females and 35.3% in males. Regarding the immunoglobulin class, eight (23.5%) cases of anti-Wra were classified as IgG and 26 (76.5%) as IgM. Of the eight cases of IgG anti-Wra, four were IgG1, two were IgG3 and three anti-Wra were not IgG3 or IgG1, and thus probably IgG2 or IgG4. The results of the monocyte monolayer assay showed that IgG anti-Wra might be of clinical significance.CONCLUSION: This study shows a very low frequency (0.06%) of the Wra antigen in Brazilian blood donors. Additionally, it shows that the frequency of anti-Wra in this population is higher than previously reported.

Resumo:O objetivo deste trabalho foi selecionar e caracterizar molecularmente isolados de Bacillus thuringiensistóxicos a Spodoptera eridaniaeS. frugiperda. Trinta e quatro isolados foram submetidos ao bioensaio, dos quais três foram selecionados e usados para a estimativa da CL50. Os isolados selecionados não diferiram da linhagem padrão HD-1. Na caracterização molecular, identificou-se a presença dos genes cry1 e cry2, nos isolados BR37 e BR94, e dos genes cry4A, cry4B, cry10, cry11 e cyt1 no isolado BR58, o que confirmou o perfil proteico obtido de 130, 70 e 65 kDa. Foram identificados cristais bipiramidais e esféricos. O isolado BR58, apesar de não conter os genes relacionados à toxicidade a Lepidoptera, causa mortalidade em ambas as espécies

Abstract:The objective of this work was to select and molecularly characterize Bacillus thuringiensis isolates toxic to Spodoptera eridaniaand S. frugiperda. Thirty four isolates were subjected to the bioassay, of which three were selected and used to estimate the LC50. The selected isolates did not differ from the HD-1 standard line. In the molecular characterization, the presence of the cry1 and cry2 genes was identified in the BR37 and BR94 isolates, and of the cry4A, cry4B, cry10, cry11, and cyt1 genes in the BR58 isolate, which confirmed the obtained protein profile of 130, 70, and 65 kDa. Bipyramidal and spherical crystals were identified. The BR58 isolate, although not containing the genes related to toxicity to Lepidoptera, causes mortality in both species.

BACKGROUND: The Kell blood group system expresses high and low frequency antigens with the most important in relation to transfusion including the antithetic KEL1 and KEL2; KEL3 and KEL4; KEL6 and KEL7 antigens. Kell is a clinically relevant system, as it is highly immunogenic and anti-KEL antibodies are associated with hemolytic transfusion reactions and hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn. Although required in some situations, Kell antigen phenotyping is restricted due to technical limitations. In these cases, molecular approaches maybe a solution. This study proposes three polymerase chain reaction genotyping protocols to analyze the single nucleotide polymorphisms responsible for six Kell antithetic antigens expressed in a Brazilian population. METHODS: DNA was extracted from 800 blood donor samples and three polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism protocols were used to genotype the KEL*1/KEL*2, KEL*3/KEL*4 and KEL*6/KEL*7 alleles. KEL*3/KEL*4 and KEL*6/KEL*7 genotyping was standardized using the NlaIII and MnlI restriction enzymes and validated using sequencing. KEL*1/KEL*2 genotyping was performed using a previously reported assay. RESULTS: KEL genotyping was successfully implemented in the service; the following distribution of KEL alleles was obtained for a population from southeastern Brazil: KEL*1 (2.2%), KEL*2 (97.8%), KEL*3 (0.69%), KEL*4 (99.31%), KEL*6 (2.69%) and KEL*7 (97.31%). Additionally, two individuals with rare genotypes, KEL*1/KEL*1 and KEL*3/KEL*3, were identified. CONCLUSION: KEL allele genotyping using these methods proved to be reliable and applicable to predict Kell antigen expressions in a Brazilian cohort. This easy and efficient strategy can be employed to provide safer transfusions and to help in rare donor screening.

OBJETIVO: avaliar se a adequabilidade da amostra influencia na detecção das lesões precursoras do câncer do colo do útero. MÉTODOS: este foi um estudo de corte transversal, realizado no período de Janeiro de 2004 a Dezembro de 2005. Foram incluídos 10.951 resultados de exames citopatológicos cervicais, tendo como base usuárias do Sistema Único de Saúde de Goiânia, Goiás. Essas mulheres procuraram, espontaneamente, os serviços do Programa Saúde da Família ou Unidades Básicas de Saúde. A coleta foi feita por médicos e enfermeiros por meio da técnica convencional para rastreamento de câncer do colo do útero. Os esfregaços analisados foram classificados de acordo com o Sistema Bethesda, sendo a adequabilidade da amostra definida durante o escrutínio de rotina e categorizada como: satisfatória; satisfatória, porém apresentando fatores que prejudicam parcialmente a análise; e insatisfatória. Os resultados obtidos foram armazenados no programa Epi-Info 3.3.2. Para a comparação entre os resultados alterados e a adequabilidade da amostra dos esfregaços citopatológicos utilizou-se o teste do χ2. Foram consideradas significantes as diferenças em que a probabilidade de rejeição da hipótese de nulidade foi menor que 5% (p<0,05). RESULTADOS: do total de 10.951 esfregaços, 51,1% foram classificados com adequabilidade satisfatória para análise, 46,6% como satisfatórios, mas apresentando algum fator limitante, e 2,3% como insatisfatórios. Os principais fatores que prejudicaram parcialmente a análise foram: ausência de células endocervicais (52,2%), esfregaços dessecados (22,8%), purulentos (14,9%) ou com áreas espessas (9,5%). Observou-se uma maior freqüência de esfregaços alterados quando a amostra foi classificada como satisfatória para análise e com representação de células endocervicais, ASC-US (2,3%), ASC-H (0,6%), LSIL (3,2%), HSIL (1,7%) e 0,3% de AGC; as diferenças foram significativas com p=0,001. A freqüência de lesões de baixo e alto grau foi maior quando os esfregaços apresentaram-se satisfatórios para análise. CONCLUSÕES: a freqüência de lesões precursoras do câncer do colo do útero varia com a adequabilidade da amostra. Observou-se também que as principais limitações da adequabilidade da amostra estão diretamente relacionadas com a qualidade da coleta.

PURPOSE: to evaluate whether the sample adequacy influences the detection of precursor cervical cancer lesions. METHODS: a transversal study from January 2004 to December 2005. A number of 10,951 results of cervical cytotopathological exams from users of the National Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde, SUS) in Goiânia, Goiás , Brazil, was studied. These women had spontaneously looked for the services from the Family Health Program or from the Basic Units of Health. Samples were collected by medical doctors and nurses, through the conventional technique to detect cervical cancer. The analyzed smears were classified by the Bethesda System, the sample adequacy being defined along the routine screening and categorized as: satisfactory, satisfactory but presenting factors that might partially jeopardize the analysis, and unsatisfactory. Results were stored in the Epi-Info 3.3.2 program. The χ2 test was used to compare altered results with the adequacy of the samples from cytopathological smears. Differences with probability of rejection of the null hypothesis lower than 5% (p<0.05) were considered as significant. RESULTS: From 10,951 smears, 51.1% were classified as having satisfactory adequacy for analysis, 46.6% as satisfactory, but presenting some limiting factors, and 2.3%, as unsatisfactory. The main factors which have partially jeopardized the analysis were: lack of endocervical cells (52.2%), dried smears (22.8%), purulence (14.9%), or smears with some thick areas (9.5%). There was a higher rate of altered smears when the sample had been classified as satisfactory for analysis and with representation of endocervical cells ASC-US (2.3%), ASC-H (0.6%), LSIL (3.2%), HSIL (1.7%) and 0.3% of AGC. Differences were significant when p=0.001. The rate of low and high grade lesions was higher when the smears were satisfactory for analysis. CONCLUSIONS: the rate of precursor uterine cervix cancer lesions varies according to the sample adequacy, and the main adequacy limitations of the sample are mainly related to the collection condition.

The cytopathological exam is useful recommended for early diagnoses of neoplastic and of pre-neoplastic lesions of the uterine cervix. In Brazil, cervix neoplasm is the second most frequent malignant neoplasm in women. The aim of this study was evaluate the frequency of cytopathologic alterations and its relationship with age. The cases selection was performed by means of cytopathological exam results in women aged 14 to 80 years old, by the revision in Centro de Atenção Integrado a Saúde da Mulher, Uberaba (MG), during the period of 2001-2003. From de 35.220 reviewed exams, 3.34% tests showed alterations in the cervico vaginalis epithelium, with a higher frequency in the squamous cervical epithelium alterations and glandular epithelium alterations of unknown significance (53.7%) as well as infection by the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) (31%). The infections caused by the HPV and atypical glandular and scamous cells of undetermined significance were more frequent in ages under the 40 (p<0.005), yet the occurrence of cervical carcinoma was more frequent in women over 40 (p<0.005). Therefore, the frequency of cytopathologic alterations of the cervical and vaginal epithelium and its relationship to age were resemblance to described in literature. The HPV infection, the best carcinogenic potential agent attacked younger patients and the invasive neoplasm was more frequent in women over 40 years old.

El exámen citopatológico es un método de triage que ayuda a realizar una detección precoz del cáncer y de lesiones pre-cancerosas del cérvix uterino. En el Brasil, el cáncer cervical representa la segunda neoplasia maligna mas incidente en mujeres. El objetivo del estudio fue avaliar la frecuencia de las alteraciones citopatológicas de acuerdo con el grupo etario. La selección de los casos fue realizada a través de los resultados de los exámenes citopatológicos, de mulheres dentro del grupo etario entre 14 a 80 años, obtenidos del Centro de Atención Integrada a la Salúd de la Mujer, Uberaba (MG), durante el período del 2001 al 2003. De los 35.220 resultados obtenidos, en 3,34% fueron descritas alteraciones en el epitélio cervico-vaginal, siendo mas frecuentes las alteraciones escamosas e glandulares de significado indeterminado (53,7%) y las infecciones por el HPV (31%). Las mulheres más jóvenes (<40 años) fueron significativamente más acometidas por esas alteraciones (p<0,005). Así, las neoplasias invasivas acometieron al 5,6% de las mulheres a partir de la cuarta década de vida (p<0,005). Los diagnósticos de las alteraciones del epitélio cérvico-vaginal de acuerdo con el grupo etario de las mulheres fueron semejantes a otros hallazgos ya descritos en la literatura, siendo que la infección por el VPH, principal agente con potencial carcinogénico, acometió a mulheres más jóvenes y las neoplasias invasivas fueron más frecuentes a partir de la cuarta década de vida.

O Exame citopatológico é o método de triagem que auxilia na detecção precoce do câncer e de lesões pré-cancerosas da cérvix. No Brasil, o câncer cervical representa a segunda neoplasia maligna mais incidente em mulheres. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a freqüência das alterações citopatológicas de acordo com a faixa etária. A seleção dos casos foi realizada através dos resultados dos exames citopatológicos, de mulheres na faixa etária entre 14 a 80 anos, obtidos no Centro de Atenção Integrada à Saúde da Mulher, Uberaba (MG), no período de 2001 a 2003. Dos 35.220 resultados obtidos, em 3,34% foram descritos alterações no epitélio cérvico-vaginal, sendo mais freqüentes as alterações escamosas e glandulares de significado indeterminado (53,7%) e as infecções pelo HPV (31%). As mulheres mais jovens (< 40 anos) foram significativamente mais acometidas por essas alterações (p<0,005). Neoplasias invasivas acometeram 5,6% das mulheres a partir da quarta década de vida (p<0,005). Os diagnósticos das alterações no epitélio cérvico-vaginal de acordo com a faixa etária das mulheres foram semelhantes aos descritos na literatura, sendo que infecção pelo HPV, principal agente potencialmente carcinogênico, acometeu mulheres mais jovens e as neoplasias invasivas foram mais freqüentes a partir da quarta década de vida.

O objetivo desse trabalho foi descrever ocorrência e morfologia da neurocisticercose (NCC) autópsias. Revisou-se 2218 autópsias realizadas no Hospital Escola da Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), 1970-2003. Registrou-se idade, gênero e cor dos pacientes, analisou-se macroscopia e microscopia da NCC. Encontrou-se 53 (2,4%) casos de NCC. A média das idades foi 50 anos, sendo 34 (64,1%) do sexo masculino e 36 (67,9%) brancos, não havendo diferença significante na comparação da idade, gênero e cor dos pacientes. Analisou-se macroscopicamente 17 cisticercos. A localização mais comum foi a meningo-cortical em 12 (70,6%) casos. Microscopicamente, os cisticercos apresentaram forma oval contendo a larva íntegra em 4 (23,5%) casos ou em grau de destruição em 13 (76,5%) casos. Portanto, na NCC foram verificados vários processos patológicos gerais (necrose, depósitos intersticiais, fibrose, gliose, inflamação) destacando-se: beta-fibrilose em 13 (76,5%) casos associada ao processo inflamatório em 16(94,1%) casos causado pelo parasito, ainda não relatada na NCC, e calcificação presente no parasito viável e em destruição.

The aim of this paper was to describe the occurrence and morphology of neurocysticercosis (NCC) in autopsies. We revised 2218 autopsies performed at the School Hospital from Federal Unversity of Triangulo Mineiro, 1970-2003. Data referring to age, gender and color of patients were reported and NCC was microscopically and macroscopically analyzed. We found 53 (2.4%) NCC cases. The mean age was 50 years old, 34 (64.1%) individuals were male and 36 (67.9%) white. Macroscopically, 17 cysticerci were analyzed. The most frequent location was meningocortical in 12 (70.6%) cases. Microscopically, the cysticerci presented an ovoid shape, containing the larvae preserved in 4 (23.5%) cases or in destruction degrees in 13 (76.5%) cases. Therefore, in NCC was found several general pathologic processes (necrosis, interstitial deposits, fibrosis, gliosis, inflammation) amongst which are highlighted beta-fibrillose in 13 (76.5%) cases associated to inflammatory process in 16 (94.1%) cases caused by the parasite, not yet related to NCC, and calcification present in viable and destruction parasites.

São relatados cinco casos de pessoas picadas por abelhas africanizadas (AA). Quatro foram vítimas de múltiplas picadas variando de 25 a 60, que apresentaram cefaléia intensa, náuseas e vômitos, relacionados aos efeitos tóxicos do veneno, mas evoluíram bem. O outro caso foi vítima de uma única picada de AA e evoluiu para o óbito, por provável anafilaxia.

It is report five cases of stings of africanized bees (AB). Four of them were vitims of multiple stings, varying from 25 to 60, that presented severe headache, nauseas and vomits, related to the clinic effect of the toxicity of the venom, with good evolution. The other case was victim of a single sting of AB and died after probable anaphylaxis.