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Introduction: work disability is an important outcome in the treatment of spondyloarthritis (SpA) since this disease affects people in the most productive stage of life. Objectives: to investigate working status in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) from Argentina, including ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and nonradiographic axial SpA (nr-axSpA), and to evaluate factors associated with work productivity loss (WPL) in this national cohort and factors associated with being employed. Materials and methods: patients with a diagnosis of AS and nr-axSpA according to Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS 2009) classification criteria and in working age (≤65 years) were included in this multicentric cross-sectional study. Outcomes of interest were employment status, absenteeism and presenteeism, assessed by the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Spondyloarthritis (WPAI-SpA) questionnaire. Spearman's coefficient was used to assess the correlation between disease measures and WPL. Bivariate and multivariate analysis were performed in order to evaluate factors associated with being employed. Results: 129 patients with axSpA were included, 95 (73.6%) with AS and 34 (26.4%) with nr-axSpA. Median (p25-75) age of 45 (35-55) years. Median (p25-75) disease duration was 62 (24-123) months and diagnosis delay was 24 (6-72) months. 60 (46.5%) of the patients were employed. Median (p25-75) presenteeism of AS patients was 29.6% (0-57) and 30% (20-40) for patients with EspAax-nr (p=0.02). Median (p25-75) WPL was 30% in both groups of patients. A positive correlation was found between WPL and the following variables: ASDAS (Rho:0.60), BASDAI (Rho:0.50), BASFI (Rho:0.60), ASQoL (Rho:0.60) and ASAS health index (Rho:0.54). In the bivariate analysis, the factors associated with unemployment were AS diagnosis, older age, longer disease duration, comorbidities (hypertension and diabetes), fewer years of education, worse quality of life and lower functional capacity. In the multivariate analysis, better physical function (assessed by BASFI) was independently associated with being employed. Conclusions: this study showed that WPL in this national cohort was 30% in axSpA. It was associated with disease activity, health status, quality of life and functional capacity. Better physical function was independently associated with a higher likelihood of keeping patients with axSpA employed.

Introducción: las limitaciones laborales son un punto importante a considerar en el tratamiento de la espondiloartritis axial (EspAax) dado que esta enfermedad afecta a las personas en la etapa más productiva de la vida. Objetivos: describir la situación laboral en pacientes con EspAax de Argentina, incluyendo la espondilitis anquilosante (EA) y la espondiloartritis axial no radiográfica (EspAax-nr), y evaluar los factores asociados a la pérdida de productividad laboral (PPL) en esta cohorte nacional y los factores asociados a estar empleado. Materiales y métodos: en este estudio transversal y multicéntrico se incluyeron pacientes con diagnóstico de EA y EspAax-nr según los criterios de clasificación de la Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS 2009) y en edad laboral (≤65 años). Los objetivos principales fueron evaluar la situación laboral, el ausentismo y el presentismo, valorados por el cuestionario Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Spondyloarthritis (WPAI-SpA). Se utilizó el coeficiente de Spearman para evaluar la correlación entre las medidas de la enfermedad y la PPL. Se realizó un análisis bivariado y multivariado para evaluar los factores asociados a estar empleado. Resultados: se incluyeron 129 pacientes con EspAax, 95 (73,6 %) con EA y 34 (26,4%) con EspAax-nr. La mediana (p25-75) de edad fue de 45 (35-55) años. La duración mediana de la enfermedad fue de 62 (24-123) meses y el retraso en el diagnóstico fue de 24 (6-72) meses. Sesenta (46,5%) pacientes estaban empleados. La mediana (p25-75) de presentismo de los pacientes con EA fue del 29,6% (0-57) y del 30% (20-40) para los pacientes con EspAax-nr (p=0,02). Asimismo, la mediana (p25-75) de PPL fue del 30% en ambos grupos de pacientes. Se encontró una correlación positiva entre la PPL y las siguientes variables: ASDAS (Rho:0.60), BASDAI (Rho:0.50), BASFI (Rho:0.60), ASQoL (Rho:0.60) y ASAS health index (Rho:0.54). En el análisis bivariado, los factores asociados al desempleo fueron el diagnóstico de EA, la edad avanzada, la mayor duración de la enfermedad, las comorbilidades (hipertensión y diabetes), el menor número de años de educación, la peor calidad de vida y la menor capacidad funcional. En el análisis multivariado, una mejor función física (evaluada por BASFI) se asoció de forma independiente a estar empleado. Conclusiones: este estudio demostró que la PPL en esta cohorte nacional fue del 30% en la EspAax. Se asoció con la actividad de la enfermedad, el estado de salud, la calidad de vida y la capacidad funcional. Una mejor función física se relacionó en forma independiente con una mayor probabilidad de mantener a los pacientes con EspAax empleados.

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#CienciaenelParlamento: la necesidad de una oficina parlamentaria de asesoramiento científico y tecnológico
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Santillán-García, Azucena

; Oliver, Eduardo

; Grigorian Shamagian, Lilian

; Climent, Andreu M

; Melchor, Lorenzo

Gaceta Sanitaria

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Jun 2021, Volume 35 Nº 3 Páginas 293 - 297

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract One of the aims of the citizen's initiative #CienciaenelParlamento is helping to establishing a parliamentary office of scientific and technological advice in the Spanish parliament. Said office would be in charge of fostering networking spaces between scientific knowledge and public policies and of triggering public debate between policy-makers, experts and the general public. In this article, we first review the main parliamentary mechanisms of scientific advice, with special attention to one in particular: parliamentary offices of scientific and technological advice. These offices exist in 22 parliaments worldwide, but there are none in Spain. Second, we describe the activity undertaken by #CienciaenelParlamento in its collaboration with the Congress of Deputies during the 12th Spanish Legislature. This collaboration reached its peak with a two-day networking event in November 2018 with over 200 scientists and almost 100 deputies, who all debated twelve topics of social interest and the most up-to-date scientific knowledge. Thanks to this collaboration, the Congress has taken the first steps towards officially establishing a parliamentary science advice office. Lastly, we enumerate some examples about how these parliamentary offices in other countries have contributed with other stakeholders to better public debate and processing of public policies in public health and other areas. To conclude, we at #CienciaenelParlamento believe that a parliamentary science advice office would help to enhance the science-policy ecosystem in Spain.

Resumen Uno de los objetivos de la iniciativa ciudadana #CienciaenelParlamento es contribuir al establecimiento de una oficina parlamentaria de asesoramiento científico y tecnológico en las Cortes Generales. Dicha oficina estaría encargada de favorecer espacios de confluencia entre el conocimiento científico y las políticas públicas, y fomentar el debate entre políticos, expertos y la sociedad en general. En este artículo se revisan los principales mecanismos parlamentarios de asesoramiento científico, con especial atención a uno de ellos: las oficinas parlamentarias de asesoramiento científico y tecnológico. Estas oficinas existen en 22 parlamentos en todo el mundo, pero en España no. En segundo lugar, se describe la acción realizada por #CienciaenelParlamento en su colaboración con el Congreso de los Diputados durante la XII Legislatura, que culminó con unas jornadas en noviembre de 2018 en las que más de 200 científicos y casi 100 diputados debatieron sobre 12 temas de actualidad con el conocimiento científico más actualizado. Gracias a esta colaboración, el Congreso ha dado los primeros pasos para el establecimiento oficial de una oficina de asesoramiento científico. Por último, se exponen algunos ejemplos de cómo la acción de estas oficinas parlamentarias de asesoramiento científico y tecnológico en otros países se imbrica con la de otros agentes para un mayor debate público y la tramitación de mejores políticas públicas en temas de salud y otras áreas. Como conclusión, desde #CienciaenelParlamento creemos que una oficina asesora ayudaría a enriquecer el ecosistema ciencia-política en España.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2019.08.004

#CienciaenelParlamento: la necesidad de una oficina parlamentaria de asesoramiento científico y tecnológico
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Santillán-García, Azucena

; Oliver, Eduardo

; Grigorian Shamagian, Lilian

; Climent, Andreu M

; Melchor, Lorenzo

Gaceta Sanitaria

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Jun 2021, Volume 35 Nº 3 Páginas 293 - 297

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2019.08.004

Recomendaciones para el uso de la hormona de crecimiento humana recombinante en pacientes pediátricos de talla baja en Colombia
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Pinzón Serrano, Estefanía

; López, Vladimir González

; Toro-Ramos, Martin

; Oliver, Jesús Argente

; Garzón, Liliana Barrero

; Duarte, Fredy Mendivelso

; González, Nancy Yomayusa

; Salazar, Camila Céspedes

; Escobar, Oscar

; Ventura, Paola Duran

; Patiño, Angélica González

; Rodríguez, Sandra Roa

; Linares, Juan Llano

; Rivera, Juan López

; Saldarriaga, Johana Correa

; Espejo, Jennyfer Monroy

; VelásquezRodríguez, Ana

; Gaviria, Natalia Mejía

; Ramírez, Claudia Heredia

; Izquierdo, Adriana Lema

; Zuccardi, María Urueña

; Ochoa, Nayive Gil

; Barrera, Carolina Rojas

; Campos, Diana Bareño

; Hernández, Mónica Fernández

; Zapata, Liliana Mejía

; Ronderos, Catalina Forero

; Flechas, Paola Pedraza

; Rhoades, Audrey Matallana

; Mosquera, Mario Angulo

; Cárdenas, María Suarez

; Villa, Alvaro Arango

; Pereira, Marcela Fama

; Osorio, Samantha Muñoz

; Espitia, Martha Páez

; Miranda, Ángelo López

; Rodríguez, Johanna Vargas

; Amaya, Diego Ruíz

; Gaona, Luis Laverde

; Torres, Giovana Manrique

; Tobón, Andrea Castro

; Acosta, Dora Romero

; Gutiérrez, Ana Castillo

; Gómez, Olga Gómez

; Padilla, Eduardo Low

; Peña, Juan Acevedo

Revista Colombiana de Nefrología

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Jun 2020, Volume 7 Nº 1 Páginas 149 - 177

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

resumen está disponible en el texto completo

Abstract In Colombia there are no guidelines for diagnosis and management of patients with short stature and for the use of recombinant human growth hormone, mainly caused by the diversity of training centers in pediatric endocrinology. In response to this situation, the Asociación Colegio Colombiana de Endocrinología Pediátrica leds the first colombian short stature expert committee in order to standardize the use of human recombinant growth hormone. This work had the participation and endorsement of a consortium of clinical experts representing the Sociedad Colombiana de Pediatría, Secretaría Distrital de Salud de Bogotá- Subred Integrada de Servicios de Salud Suroccidente, Fundación Universitaria Sanitas, Universidad de los Andes and some public and private health institutions in the country, in addition to the participation of methodological experts from the Instituto Global de Excelencia Clínica Keralty. By reviewing the literature and with the best available evidence, we proposed to unify definitions, a diagnostic algorithm, biochemical and dynamic tests with their reference parameters, a description of the considerations about growth hormone use among the indications approved by regulatory agency for medications and food in Colombia and finally a proposal for an informed consent and a medication fact sheet available for parents and patients.

https://doi.org/10.22265/acnef.7.1.375 1793 downloads

Influence of remote ischemic conditioning and tramadol hydrochloride on oxidative stress in kidney ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats
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Oliveira, Rita de Cássia Silva de

; Brito, Marcus Vinicius Henriques

; Ribeiro Júnior, Rubens Fernando Gonçalves

; Oliveira, Leonam Oliver Durval

; Monteiro, Andrew Moraes

; Brandão, Fernando Mateus Viegas

; Cavalcante, Lainy Carollyne da Costa

; Gouveia, Eduardo Henrique Herbster

; Henriques, Higor Yuri Bezerra

Acta Cirúrgica Brasileira

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Mar 2017, Volume 32 Nº 3 Páginas 229 - 235

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the effects of tramadol hydrochloride associated to remote ischemic perconditioning on oxidative stress. Methods: Twenty five male rats (Wistar) underwent right nephrectomy and were distributed into five groups: Sham group (S); Ischemia/Reperfusion group (I/R) with 30 minutes of renal ischemia; Remote ischemic perconditioning group (Per) with three cycles of 10 minutes of I/R performed during kidney ischemia; Tramadol group (T) treated with tramadol hydrochloride (40mg/kg); remote ischemic perconditioning + Tramadol group (Per+T) with both treatments. Oxidative stress was assessed after 24 hours of reperfusion. Results: Statistical differences were observed in MDA levels between I/R group with all groups (p<0.01), in addition there was difference between Tramadol with Sham, Per and Per+T groups (p<0.05), both in plasma and renal tissue. Conclusion: Remote ischemic perconditioning was more effective reducing renal ischemia-reperfusion injury than administration of tramadol or association of both treatments.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-865020170030000007 1482 downloads

Prevención a la dependencia física y al deterioro cognitivo mediante la implementación de un programa de rehabilitación temprana en adultos mayores institucionalizados
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Guzmán-Olea, Eduardo

; Pimentel-Pérez, Bertha Maribel

; Salas-Casas, Andrés

; Armenta-Carrasco, Anthony Iván

; Oliver-González, Leslie Betzabeth

; Agis-Juárez, Raúl A.

Acta universitaria

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Dez 2016, Volume 26 Nº 6 Páginas 53 - 59

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Astract: During aging process, development of pathological processes and lack of social support networks can affect adaptation and social interaction, causing functional dependence of individuals. Institutionalized older adults are an important population to study mentioned conditions. The aim of this work is to assess the degree of physical dependence and cognitive impairment in older adults, participants of a comprehensive geriatric early rehabilitation program. The study was conducted with 58 adults 65 and older, residents of an elderly home, able to answer geriatric assessment instruments (Barthel Index, Mini Review Cognitive Lobo, Tinetti, Test Clock, Set-Test Isaac, Scale shortened Pfeiffer, Yesavage Scale, Scale Guigoz and Velas) and participate in the intervention program. As a result of the intervention program improvement in motor skills, decreased degree of physical dependence and decreased cognitive impairment of participants, determined by values obtained with validated instruments older adult Mexican population was observed. Institutionalized older adults with mild physical dependence and absence of cognitive impairment, showed a decrease in both conditions after participating in the program implemented.

Resumen: Durante el proceso del envejecimiento, el desarrollo de procesos patológicos y la ausencia de redes sociales de apoyo pueden afectar la adaptación e interacción social, ocasionando dependencia funcional de los individuos. Los adultos mayores institucionalizados constituyen una población importante para estudiar las condiciones mencionadas. Por ello, el objetivo fue evaluar el grado de dependencia física y deterioro cognitivo en adultos mayores, participantes de un programa de rehabilitación gerontológica integral temprana. El estudio se realizó con 58 adultos mayores de 65 años, residentes de una Casa de la Tercera Edad, capaces de contestar los instrumentos de evaluación gerontológica (índice de Barthel, mini examen cognitivo Lobo, evaluación de estabilidad de la marcha y equilibrio Tinetti, test del reloj, set-test de Isaac, escala abreviada de Pfeiffer, escala de Yesavage, escala de Guigoz y Velas) y participar en el programa de intervención. Como resultado del programa de intervención, se observó mejoría en la capacidad motriz, disminución del grado de dependencia física y disminución del deterioro cognitivo de los participantes, determinados por los valores obtenidos con instrumentos validados en población mexicana adulta mayor. Se concluye que los adultos mayores institucionalizados con dependencia física leve y ausencia de deterioro cognitivo presentaron una disminución en ambas condiciones después de participar en el programa implementado.

https://doi.org/10.15174/au.2016.1056 8859 downloads

Construcción y caracterización de electrodos de Vidrio/ITO/PANI para la medición de pH
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Somoza Chuay, José Alejandro

; Eirez Izquierdo, José Enrique

; Pavoni Oliver, Sonnia

; Martín Rodríguez, Eduardo

Ingeniería Electrónica, Automática y Comunicaciones

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Dez 2014, Volume 35 Nº 3 Páginas 33 - 38

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

The electronic properties of organic materials can be changed by the influence of different chemical agents. These changes give the possibility to use these materials in different applications like sensors. One of the organic materials studied as detection layer for this kind of sensors is polyaniline (PANI). In this work a Glass/ITO/PANI electrode of 2.5 cm x 1.5 cm x 0.25 cm was constructed using layer by layer (LbL) technique. The potentiometric response was obtained through an instrumentation amplifier (INA116), using a reference electrode (Ag/AgCl) and a work electrode of Glass/ITO/PANI. Buffer solutions with different pH values were evaluated. As results of electrodes characterization, the sensibility of the potentiometric response was -55,12 mV/pH.

Actualmente un gran número de investigaciones están orientadas hacia el empleo de materiales orgánicos en el desarrollo de sensores debido a la sensibilidad que estos materiales presentan ante diversos agentes químicos. La Polyanilina (PANI) es uno de los materiales orgánicos que pueden ser utilizados como elemento sensible. En este trabajo se construyó un electrodo de Vidrio/ITO/PANI con dimensiones de 2.5 cm x 1.5 cm x 0.25 cm mediante la técnica layer by layer (LbL). Se utilizó un canal de medición conformado por el electrodo de trabajo Vidrio/ITO/PANI, un electrodo de referencia de plata/cloruro de plata (Ag/AgCl) y un amplificador de instrumentación INA116. Se utilizó el principio potenciométrico para caracterizar el electrodo construido ante diferentes valores de pH. La respuesta potenciométrica mostró una sensibilidad de -55,12 mV/pH muy cercana a la de un electrodo típico de pH.

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Tamizaje fitoquímico de Scutellaria havanensis Jacq.
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Marrero Delange, David

; Morales Rico, Carmen L

; Gónzález Canavaciolo, Victor L

; Salas Oliver, Eva

; Sierra Pérez, Roxana de la C

; Rodríguez Leyes, Eduardo A

; Vicente Murillo, Roxana

Revista Cubana de Plantas Medicinales

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Dez 2012, Volume 17 Nº 4 Páginas 402 - 407

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Introduction: Scutellaria havanensis Jacq. species, known as Escudo de La Habana (Havana skullcap), is an endemic Cuban plant, etnomedically used for the treatment of scabies and as a diaphoretic and a febrifuge. However, no phytochemical study of this plant has been made so far. Objective: to conduct a phytochemical study of the ethereal, methanol and aqueous extracts from aerial parts (leaves and stems) of Scutellaria havanensis Jacq. species. Methods: fresh aerial parts were harvested and extracts were obtained with diethyl ether, methanol and water. The extracts were filtered and subjected to the phytochemical identification tests. Results: alkaloids, coumarins, triterpenes and steroids were identified in the ethereal extracts, whereas alkaloids, amino groups, sugars, flavonoids, quinones and resins were found in the methanol and aqueous extracts, and saponins and bitter principles in the aqueous extract. Conclusions: Scutellaria havanensis, an endemic Cuban plant, contains several groups of compounds of potential pharmacological interest like flavonoids and alkaloids, among others. These results encourage continuing the phytochemical and pharmacological studies of several extracts.

Introducción: la especie Scutellaria havanensis Jacq., conocida como escudo de La Habana, es una planta endémica de Cuba, empleada para el tratamiento de la escabiosis, como diaforético y febrífugo. Sin embargo, no se han realizado estudios fitoquímicos de esta planta. Objetivo: realizar un tamizaje fitoquímico de los extractos etéreo, metanólico y acuoso de las partes aéreas (hojas y tallos) de la especie Scutellaria havanensis Jacq. Métodos: se recolectaron las partes aéreas frescas y se extrajeron con éter dietílico, metanol y agua. Los extractos se filtraron y se les realizaron las pruebas fitoquímicas de identificación. Resultados: en el extracto etéreo se identificaron alcaloides, coumarinas, triterpenos y esteroides; en los extractos acuoso y metanólico se encontraron alcaloides, grupos aminos, azúcares, flavonoides, quinonas y resinas; mientras que en el extracto acuoso se detectaron saponinas y principios amargos. Conclusiones: Scutellaria havanensis, planta endémica cubana, contiene varios grupos de compuestos como flavonoides, alcaloides, entre otros, que pudieran tener interés farmacológico potencial. Estos resultados constituyen un apoyo para continuar los estudios fítoquímicos y farmacológicos de los diversos extractos.

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Current practices in the management of patients with ureteral calculi in the emergency room of a university hospital
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Claros, Oliver Rojas

; Silva, Carlos Hirokatsu Watanabe

; Consolmagno, Horacio

; Sakai, Americo Toshiaki

; Freddy, Rodrigo

; Fugita, Oscar Eduardo Hidetoshi

Clinics

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2012, Volume 67 Nº 5 Páginas 415 - 418

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVE: Urinary lithiasis is a common disease. The aim of the present study is to assess the knowledge regarding the diagnosis, treatment and recommendations given to patients with ureteral colic by professionals of an academic hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-five physicians were interviewed about previous experience with guidelines regarding ureteral colic and how they manage patients with ureteral colic in regards to diagnosis, treatment and the information provided to the patients. RESULTS: Thirty-six percent of the interviewed physicians were surgeons, and 64% were clinicians. Forty-one percent of the physicians reported experience with ureterolithiasis guidelines. Seventy-two percent indicated that they use noncontrast CT scans for the diagnosis of lithiasis. All of the respondents prescribe hydration, primarily for the improvement of stone elimination (39.3%). The average number of drugs used was 3.5. The combination of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and opioids was reported by 54% of the physicians (i.e., 59% of surgeons and 25.6% of clinicians used this combination of drugs) (p = 0.014). Only 21.3% prescribe alpha blockers. CONCLUSION: Reported experience with guidelines had little impact on several habitual practices. For example, only 21.3% of the respondents indicated that they prescribed alpha blockers; however, alpha blockers may increase stone elimination by up to 54%. Furthermore, although a meta-analysis demonstrated that hydration had no effect on the transit time of the stone or on the pain, the majority of the physicians reported that they prescribed more than 500 ml of fluid. Dipyrone, hyoscine, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and opioids were identified as the most frequently prescribed drug combination. The information regarding the time for the passage of urinary stones was inconsistent. The development of continuing education programs regarding ureteral colic in the emergency room is necessary.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2012(05)02 2318 downloads

10.

Leishmania infection in humans, dogs and sandflies in a visceral leishmaniasis endemic area in Maranhão, Brazil
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Felipe, Ilana Mirian Almeida

; Aquino, Dorlene Maria Cardoso de

; Kuppinger, Oliver

; Santos, Max Diego Cruz

; Rangel, Maurício Eduardo Salgado

; Barbosa, David Soeiro

; Barral, Aldina

; Werneck, Guilherme Loureiro

; Caldas, Arlene de Jesus Mendes

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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Mar 2011, Volume 106 Nº 2 Páginas 207 - 211

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Leishmania infection in humans, dogs and sandflies was examined in the endemic visceral leishmaniasis (VL) municipality of Raposa, state of Maranhão, Brazil. In this study, we examined Leishmania chagasi infection in the blood serum of both humans and Canis familiaris and the natural Leishmania sp. infection rate in the sandfly vector, Lutzomyia longipalpis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, indirect immunofluorescence reaction and polymerase chain reaction were performed to detect Leishmania infections in humans, dogs and sandflies, respectively. Overall, 186 out of 986 studied human beings were infected with L. chagasi parasites, representing an infection prevalence of 18.9%. An even higher infection rate was detected in dogs, where 66 (47.8%) out of 138 were infected. Among all Lu. longipalpis captured (n = 1,881), only 26.7% were females. The Leishmania infection frequency for the vector Lu. longipalpis was 1.56%. Remarkably, all infected sandflies were found in the peridomiciliary area. Furthermore, a high incidence of asymptomatic forms of VL in the human and canine populations was observed. The results of this study suggest autochthonous transmission of L. chagasi in this endemic area for visceral leishmaniasis because infection by Leishmania sp. was identified in all important elements of the transmission chain.

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11.

Estudio estadístico del consumo de suplementos nutricionales y dietéticos en gimnasios
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Sánchez Oliver, Antonio J

; Miranda León, María Teresa

; Guerra Hernández, Eduardo

Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutrición

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Set 2008, Volume 58 Nº 3 Páginas 221 - 227

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

En la actualidad, el abuso de toda clase de sustancias para mejorar el rendimiento deportivo y la forma física se ha extendido a las personas que acuden a gimnasios regularmente. El objetivo del presente estudio es evaluar el consumo de suplementos nutricionales (SN) y dietéticos en un grupo de 415 usuarios (260 varones y 155 mujeres) de 4 gimnasios de Sevilla (España). Los usuarios realizaron un cuestionario previamente diseñado y con un pilotaje donde se evaluó la validez del contenido. Del total de la muestra, el 56,14% han consumido en alguna ocasión algún suplemento. Entre estos el 57,6%, lo hacía buscando mejorar su aspecto físico; el 16,7%, lo hacía para cuidar su salud, y el 13,2%, buscaban aumentar su rendimiento deportivo. El perfil del consumidor es el de un hombre joven, que hace tiempo que realiza actividad en gimnasios, que acude al gimnasio varias horas a la semana y que realiza algún tipo de dieta. El porcentaje de SN consumidos en este estudio (56%) está dentro de los valores aportados por otros estudios. En orden decreciente, Proteínas (28%), L-Carnitina (18,6%), Bebida Deportiva (18,3%), Creatina (17,1%) y Complejo vitamínico (17,1%) fueron los cinco SN más consumido por los sujetos de este estudio.

The abuse of all types of substance to improve sport performance and physical fitness has spread to regularly gym users. The aim of this study was to evaluate the intake of nutritional and dietary supplements in a group of 415 individuals (260 males and 155 females) from 4 gyms in Seville (Spain). The users completed a previously designed questionnaire whose content validity had been tested in a pilot study. Out of the total sample, 56.14% had consumed a supplement at some time. Among these, the objective was improvement of physical appearance in 57.16%, health care in 16.7%, and sports performance enhancement in 13.2%. The profile of the supplement consumer is a young man who has performed activities in gyms for some time, goes to the gym for several hours a week and is on some type of diet. The percentage of nutritional supplement users (56%) is within values reported in other studies. The five supplements most frequently consumed by these individuals were (in decreasing order): proteins (28%), L-carnitine (18.6%), sport drinks (18.3%), creatine (17.1%) and vitamin complex (17.1%).

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12.

Estimation of biomass and carbon stocks: the case of the Atlantic Forest
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Vieira, Simone Aparecida

; Alves, Luciana Ferreira

; Aidar, Marcos

; Araújo, Luciana Spinelli

; Baker, Tim

; Batista, João Luís Ferreira

; Campos, Mariana Cruz

; Camargo, Plinio Barbosa

; Chave, Jerome

; Delitti, Welington Braz Carvalho

; Higuchi, Niro

; Honorio, Euridice

; Joly, Carlos Alfredo

; Keller, Michael

; Martinelli, Luiz Antonio

; Mattos, Eduardo Arcoverde de

; Metzker, Thiago

; Phillips, Oliver

; Santos, Flavio Antonio Maes dos

; Shimabukuro, Mônica Takako

; Silveira, Marcos

; Trumbore, Susan Elizabeth

Biota Neotropica

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Jun 2008, Volume 8 Nº 2

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O principal objetivo deste artigo é apresentar e discutir a melhor forma para estimar a biomassa viva acima do solo (BVS) na Mata Atlântica. A biomassa viva acima do solo em florestas tropicais esta contida principalmente nas árvores. A biomassa das árvores é uma função do seu volume de madeira, obtido do diâmetro e da altura, de sua arquitetura e da densidade de sua madeira (peso seco por unidade de volume fresco). Ela pode ser quantificada pelo método direto (destrutivo) ou pelo método indireto onde a quantificação da biomassa é feita através de modelos matemáticos. Os modelos alométricos podem ser específicos para um determinado local, quando elaborado para um ecossistema particular, ou gerais, que podem ser utilizados em para estimar a biomassa em diferentes locais. Para a Mata Atlântica, a despeito de sua importância, existem somente duas medidas diretas de biomassa de árvores, que resultaram em modelos alométricos específicos para essas florestas. Para selecionar um ou outro modelo alométrico para estimar BVS, disponível na literatura, é necessário levar em conta o a questão a ser respondida e a facilidade com a qual é possível medir as variáveis independentes do modelo. Preferencialmente, deve-se utilizar modelos que apresentem estimativas mais acuradas, entretanto modelos mais simples (aqueles com apenas uma variável independente, normalmente o DAP) podem ser utilizados quando o foco for o monitoramento das variação no estoque de carbono através do tempo. Observações para a Mata Atlântica sugerem que o modelo pan-tropical proposto por Chave et al. (2005) podem ser utilizadas com confiança entre os biomas, uma vez que o mesmo engloba o DAP a altura e a densidade da madeira. Na Mata Atlântica, onde as lianas, bambus, palmeiras, fetos arborescentes e epífitas são um importante componente do sistema, recomenda-se a quantificação dos mesmos. Este artigo é o resultado do workshop "Estimativa da biomassa e estoques de carbono: o processo de Mata Atlântica", realizado em Ubatuba, São Paulo, Brasil, entre 4 e 8 de Dezembro de 2006 como parte do projeto temático BIOTA/FAPESP "Composição florística, estrutura e funcionamento da Floresta Ombrófila Densa dos Núcleos Picinguaba e Santa Virgínia do Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar", BIOTA Gradiente.

The main objective of this paper is to present and discuss the best methods to estimate live above ground biomass in the Atlantic Forest. The methods presented and conclusions are the products of a workshop entitled "Estimation of Biomass and Carbon Stocks: the Case of Atlantic Rain Forest". Aboveground biomass (AGB) in tropical forests is mainly contained in trees. Tree biomass is a function of wood volume, obtained from the diameter and height, architecture and wood density (dry weight per unit volume of fresh wood). It can be quantified by the direct (destructive) or indirect method where the biomass quantification is estimated using mathematical models. The allometric model can be site specific when elaborated to a particular ecosystem or general that can be used in different sites. For the Atlantic Forest, despite the importance of it, there are only two direct measurements of tree biomass, resulting in allometric models specific for this ecosystem. To select one or other of the available models in the literature to estimate AGB it is necessary take into account what is the main question to be answered and the ease with which it is possible to measure the independent variables in the model. Models that present more accurate estimates should be preferred. However, more simple models (those with one independent variable, usually DBH) can be used when the focus is monitoring the variation in carbon storage through the time. Our observations in the Atlantic Forest suggest that pan-tropical relations proposed by Chave et al. (2005) can be confidently used to estimated tree biomass across biomes as long as tree diameter (DBH), height, and wood density are accounted for in the model. In Atlantic Forest, we recommend the quantification of biomass of lianas, bamboo, palms, tree ferns and epiphytes, which are an important component in this ecosystem. This paper is an outcome of the workshop entitled "Estimation of Biomass and Carbon Stocks: the Case of Atlantic Rain Forest", that was conducted at Ubatuba, São Paulo, Brazil, between 4 and 8 December 2006 as part of the Brazilian project "Ombrophylus Dense Forest floristic composition, structure and function at the Núcleos Picinguaba and Santa Virginia of the Serra do Mar State Park", BIOTA Gradiente.

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13.

Correlación entre estado nutricional materno, calidad de la lactancia y crecimiento del niño
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Atalah, Eduardo

; Bustos, Patricia

; Ruz, Manuel

; Hurtado, Carmen

; Masson, Lilia

; Urteaga, Carmen

; Castanos, Magda

; Godoy, Rousana

; Oliver, Humberto

; Araya, Julia

Revista chilena de pediatría

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Jun 1980, Volume 51 Nº 3 Páginas 229 - 235

Resumo: Es | Texto: Es | PDF: Es

7103 downloads Citado 1 vez em SciELO

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