Aims: To know the clinical and biochemical spectra and perinatal outcomes associated with syndrome of hypertension in pregnancy (HP) in the Herminda Martin Hospital from Chilian. Methods: It is a retrospective study using clinical records with HP diagnosis (N=416) during 2006 to 2008. The available records were divided in three different groups according with arterial blood pressure: Group I (n=124) <140/90 mmHg; Group II (n=98) ³ 140-159/³ 90-109 mmHg and Group III (n=41)³ 160/110 mmHg. Additionally, a subset (n=85) was divided considering the percentile of the uric acid level in the mother as: HP with low (<p25th), middle (p25-75th) and high (>p75th) uric acid levels. The studied groups were analyzed and compared each other and quantitative variables were correlated with perinatal outcomes. Results: The prevalence of HP was 3.8%. Women in the groups II and III showed worse clinical and neonatal outcomes compared with women in the group I. Body mass index (BMI), maternal blood pressure and uric acid levels were negatively correlated with neonatal anthropometry. Moreover, neonatal anthropometry was lower in women with high uric acid levels, a situation that was independent of maternal hypertension or BMI. Conclusion: Hypertension in pregnancy was associated with high maternal and neonatal morbidity. This study allowed identifies some weaknesses (e.i., lack of compliance in diagnosis criteria) as well as suggest the potential role of perinatal risk markers (e.i., uric acid levels).

Objetivo: Conocer los resultados clínicos, bioquímicos y perinatales asociados al síndrome de hipertensión del embarazo (SHE) en el Hospital Herminda Martín de Chillan. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de registros clínicos (n=416) con diagnóstico de SHE en el periodo 2006 a 2008. Los registros disponibles fueron divididos en tres grupos de acuerdo al nivel de presión arterial: Grupo I (n=124) <140/90 mmHg; Grupo II (n=98) ³ 140-159/³ 90-109 mmHg y Grupo III (n=41)³ 160/110 mmHg. Adicionalmente, un subgrupo (n=85) fue dividido considerando el percentil de distribución del nivel de ácido úrico materno en: SHE con niveles bajos (<p25), medios (p25-p75) o altos (>p75). Se analizaron y compararon los grupos estudiados y se correlacionó las variables estudiadas con los resultados perinatales. Resultados: La prevalence de SHE fue de 3,8%. Las mujeres del grupo II y III muestran peores resultados clínicos y neonatales que las mujeres del grupo I. El índice de masa corporal (IMC), la presión arterial materna y el nivel de ácido úrico están relacionados negativamente con la antropometría neonatal. Además, la antropometría neonatal fue menor en las mujeres con niveles más altos de ácido úrico, situación que no obedece a la severidad de la hipertensión o el IMC materno. Conclusión: La presencia de SHE esta asociada a mayor morbilidad materna y neonatal. Este estudio permitió detectar deficiencias (e.L, falta de cumplimiento en criterio diagnóstico) y hacer recomendaciones sobre probables marcadores de riesgo perinatal (e.L, nivel de ácido úrico).

Background: Fetal drug addiction is a serious public health problem. In the United States 10 to 15% of children have been exposed "in utero" to cocaine. In a Chilean public health service, more than 200 offspring of cocaine free base abuser have been detected. Aim: To analyze the clinical and social features of 100 children exposed to cocaine free base during fetal development. Patients and methods: Clinical features of children born from cocaine free base consume mothers were described at birth. During subsequent follow up, growth and development, disease episodes, developmental alterations and social situation were recorded. Data was compared with other newborns from the same health service. Results: Compared to their normal counterparts, exposed children has a lower birth weight, the frequency of premature babies was thrice higher, and small-for-gestational age children were four times more common. There was also a higher prevalence of cardiac malformations, seizures and apnea. Hospital admissions were more frequent, prolonged and required more complex facilities. During follow up, undernutrition and stunting were more prevalent. Psychomotor retardation was present in 67% of children and behavioral disturbances in 93%. Most of these children are governmental protection. Conclusions: Strategies to prevent drug abuse during pregnancy and its devastating medical and social consequences should be urgently developed (Rev Méd Chile 2000; 128: 1093-1100)

This paper describes and examines the activities for the prevention and control of acute respiratory infections (ARI) carried out by a pediatric program in a government health service that provides care to a low-income population in Santiago, Chile. The study area has a population of just over one million people and is served by one general hospital, 16 primary care clinics, and eight rural health posts. Specific activities carried out by the ARI program include personnel training as well as control measures at the primary care level and hospitalization of children with severe ARI. In the first 5 years of the program (19901994), a reduction in annual mortality from pneumonia from 3.0 to 1.7 per 1 000 was observed among children under the age of one year, which contributed to a decline in infant mortality from 13.5 to 8.9 deaths per 1 000 live births. In 1994, program costs amounted to US$ 224 000. Judging from the results obtained, the ARI prevention and control program has made a valuable contribution in the area of child health.

En el presente trabajo se describen y examinan las actividades de un programa pediátrico para la prevención y el control de las infecciones respiratorias agudas (IRA) en un servicio de salud estatal que atiende a la población de bajos ingresos de Santiago, Chile. En un área de salud correspondiente a una población de algo más de un millón de habitantes, con un hospital de base, 16 consultorios de atención primaria y ocho postas rurales, se desarrollaron actividades específicas de capacitación de personal, así como acciones de control en atención primaria y de hospitalización de niños con IRA grave. En los primeros 5 años de funcionamiento del programa (19901994) se observó entre niños menores de un año una disminución de la mortalidad anual por neumonía de 3,0 a 1,7 por 1 000, lo que ha contribuido a un descenso de la mortalidad infantil de 13,5 a 8,9 defunciones por 1 000 nacidos vivos. En 1994 los costos del programa alcanzaron los US$ 224 000. A juzgar por los resultados obtenidos, el programa de prevención y control de IRA puede haber sido un aporte valioso a la salud infantil del área.