INTRODUÇÃO: As cirurgias primárias, queiloplastia e palatoplastia, interferem na morfologia e na fisiologia do complexo maxilofacial, provocando alterações em seu crescimento nos portadores de fissura transforame incisivo unilateral (FTIU). Este estudo tem por objetivo avaliar precocemente os efeitos das cirurgias sobre o crescimento maxilofacial, por meio da relação dos arcos dentários desses pacientes. MÉTODO: Foram avaliados 45 pacientes portadores de FTIU submetidos a cirurgias primárias de lábio e palato. Foi realizado estudo comparativo de modelos dos arcos dentários decíduos em que a relação maxilomandibular foi avaliada por 2 ortodontistas, que aplicaram o índice Atack. RESULTADOS: Dentre os pacientes analisados, 44,4% se encontravam nos escores 1 e 2, apresentando condições mais favoráveis de crescimento maxilomandibular. O escore intermediário (escore 3) correspondeu a 40% da amostra e os escores 4 e 5, a 15,6%, apresentando tendência a crescimento desfavorável. A média obtida aos 4 anos de idade foi de 2,62 + 0,98. Ao relacionar os escores 1 e 2 com outros estudos, houve diferença significativa (P = 0,023) comparativamente à série de Bongaarts, que apresentou os melhores resultados. Nos resultados para os escores 3, 4 e 5, observaram-se proporções semelhantes às de três dos estudos relacionados e melhores em relação ao primeiro a utilizar o índice Atack na avaliação de suas cirurgias primárias. CONCLUSÕES: A aplicação do índice Atack possibilitou a análise dos resultados de cirurgias primárias sobre o crescimento maxilofacial e a comparação destes com os dados obtidos por centros de referência para tratamento da FTIU.

BACKGROUND: Primary surgeries such as cheiloplasty and palatoplasty interfere with the morphology and physiology of the maxillofacial complex, causing alterations in its growth and development in unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) patients. The aim of the present study was to perform a preliminary analysis of the effects of surgery on maxillofacial growth through an examination of dental arch relationships. METHODS: Forty-five patients with UCLP who underwent primary surgery for the repair of cleft lip and palate were evaluated. Comparative analysis of plaster models of dental arches was performed by two orthodontists using the Atack index. RESULTS: Some patients (44.4%) analyzed showed scores of 1 and 2, representing the most favorable maxillofacial growth conditions. The intermediate score (score 3) was found in 40% of patients, while 15.6% showed unfavorable maxillary growth tendencies (scores 4 and 5). The mean score at 4 years of age was 2.62 + 0.98. A correlation between scores 1 and 2 in the present study with those of previous studies resulted in a significant difference (P = 0.23) in comparison to Bongaarts' series, which obtained the best results. Our results for scores 3, 4, and 5 were similar to those of 3 related studies in terms of the percentages obtained, which were better than those of the first study that used the Atack index for the evaluation of primary surgeries. CONCLUSIONS: The Atack index enabled the analysis of the effects of primary surgery on maxillofacial growth and a comparison with the results obtained by other centers for the treatment of UCLP.

BACKGROUND: adult obesity is an important risk factor for a range of chronic illnesses, and seems to be linked with obesity in childhood. The identification of children at risk of obesity could therefore be a suitable means of preventing these illnesses in adults. The aim of our study was to determine the anthropometric profile and prevalence of obesity in a population of schoolchildren in a rural town in Cadiz, which is also a major industrial centre. METHOD: a cross-sectional study was carried out, in which a representative sample of 493 schoolchildren of both sexes and aged from 4 to 14 years old was studied. They were measured for height, weight, chest circumference, tricipital cutaneous folding, and their IMC was calculated. The results were compared with a Spanish reference population. To measure obesity IMC > 25 kg/m² was used. RESULTS: height, weight, chest circumference, tricipital cutaneous folding and the IMC showed values that were slightly above those corresponding to the reference population, and there was a low incidence of obesity. These results are along the lines of studies published by the authors on the eating habits of this population.

FUNDAMENTO: La obesidad del adulto es un importante factor de riesgo de diversas enfermedades crónicas, y parece ligada a la obesidad en la infancia. Por ello identificar a niños con riesgo de obesidad, podría ser una medida adecuada de prevención de estas enfermedades en el adulto. El objetivo de nuestro estudio fue conocer el perfil antropométrico y la prevalencia de sobrepeso de una población escolar de un núcleo rural de Cádiz con un importante carácter industrial. MÉTODO: Se realizó un estudio transversal donde se estudió una muestra representativa de 493 escolares de ambos sexos entre 4 y 14 años de edad, en los que se realizaron mediciones de la talla, peso, perímetro braquial, pliegue cutáneo tricipital, y se calculó el IMC. Los resultados se compararon con una población española de referencia. Como medida de sobrepeso se utilizó el IMC > o = 25 Kg/m². RESULTADOS: La talla, el peso, el perímetro braquial y el pliegue cutáneo tricipital y el IMC, presentaron valores algo superiores a la población de referencia, especialmente en las edades mayores. La Prevalencia de sobrepeso fue de 4.05%, con un mayor número de casos a partir de los 12 años y sin que se apreciaran diferencias por sexos. CONCLUSIONES: Los escolares presentaron un patrón antropométrico ligeramente superior a la población de referencia, y una baja prevalencia de sobrepeso. Estos resultados están en línea con los publicados por los autores sobre la alimentación de esta población.

BACKGROUND: adult obesity is an important risk factor for a range of chronic illnesses, and seems to be linked with obesity in childhood. The identification of children at risk of obesity could therefore be a suitable means of preventing these illnesses in adults. The aim of our study was to determine the anthropometric profile and prevalence of obesity in a population of schoolchildren in a rural town in Cadiz, which is also a major industrial centre. METHOD: a cross-sectional study was carried out, in which a representative sample of 493 schoolchildren of both sexes and aged from 4 to 14 years old was studied. They were measured for height, weight, chest circumference, tricipital cutaneous folding, and their IMC was calculated. The results were compared with a Spanish reference population. To measure obesity IMC > 25 kg/m² was used. RESULTS: height, weight, chest circumference, tricipital cutaneous folding and the IMC showed values that were slightly above those corresponding to the reference population, and there was a low incidence of obesity. These results are along the lines of studies published by the authors on the eating habits of this population.

FUNDAMENTO: La obesidad del adulto es un importante factor de riesgo de diversas enfermedades crónicas, y parece ligada a la obesidad en la infancia. Por ello identificar a niños con riesgo de obesidad, podría ser una medida adecuada de prevención de estas enfermedades en el adulto. El objetivo de nuestro estudio fue conocer el perfil antropométrico y la prevalencia de sobrepeso de una población escolar de un núcleo rural de Cádiz con un importante carácter industrial. MÉTODO: Se realizó un estudio transversal donde se estudió una muestra representativa de 493 escolares de ambos sexos entre 4 y 14 años de edad, en los que se realizaron mediciones de la talla, peso, perímetro braquial, pliegue cutáneo tricipital, y se calculó el IMC. Los resultados se compararon con una población española de referencia. Como medida de sobrepeso se utilizó el IMC > o = 25 Kg/m². RESULTADOS: La talla, el peso, el perímetro braquial y el pliegue cutáneo tricipital y el IMC, presentaron valores algo superiores a la población de referencia, especialmente en las edades mayores. La Prevalencia de sobrepeso fue de 4.05%, con un mayor número de casos a partir de los 12 años y sin que se apreciaran diferencias por sexos. CONCLUSIONES: Los escolares presentaron un patrón antropométrico ligeramente superior a la población de referencia, y una baja prevalencia de sobrepeso. Estos resultados están en línea con los publicados por los autores sobre la alimentación de esta población.