Objective: The number of people suffering from depression and/or anxiety has increased steadily due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In this context, web-based exercise interventions have emerged as a potential treatment strategy. The objective of this study was to synthetize evidence from randomized controlled trials regarding the effects of web-based exercise interventions on patients with depressive and/or anxiety disorders. Methods: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. Six databases were searched (Cochrane Library, EBSCO, PubMed, SciELO, Scopus, and Web of Science), and eligible articles were identified according to a PICOS inclusion-exclusion approach (participants with depressive or anxiety disorders; web-based exercise interventions; active or passive control group; assessment of changes in depressive or anxiety disorders; randomized design). Primary outcomes were depressive and/or anxiety symptoms. The quality of evidence was assessed with Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation. Results: Of 7,846 search results, three studies met the inclusion criteria (172 participants between 18 and 65 years of age, 95.9% women). The web-based exercise interventions lasted 8-12 weeks and involved endurance training, yoga, or combined endurance and strength training. The comparators involved non-exercise controls or active controls. Compliance rates were low. Web-based exercise interventions were not superior to controls regarding anxiety symptoms, and only one study found benefits for depressive symptoms (p ≤ 0.05). The quality of the cumulative evidence was low. Conclusion: The available data regarding the effects of web-based exercise interventions on depression and/or anxiety symptoms is scarce, the risk of bias is high, and the quality of the cumulative results is low. Currently, no clear recommendations can be provided. Registration number: PROSPERO CRD42021225938.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Diagnostic images are essential for the diagnosis of mesenteric vein thrombosis and Petersen's hernia. Objective: To describe the treatment of a patient who presented apparent thrombosis of the mesenteric vein and Petersen's hernia on angiotomography. Clinical case: A patient consulted for colicky abdominal pain predominantly in the epigastrium, radiating to the dorsal region. Due to the clinical picture suggestive of vascular emergency, an angiotomography of the vessels of the thorax and abdomen was immediately requested. The images revealed patency of the superior mesenteric artery at its origin and in the proximal third, appreciating a vessel turn (swirl sign) approximately 7 cm from its origin with apparent complete occlusion due to thrombosis. In the same place where the twisting of the vessels was evident, the initiation of apparent thrombosis of the superior mesenteric vein was appreciated. A surgical procedure was performed in which Petersen's space and herniation of the entire small intestine through this space were found. The laparotomy showed that the patient did not have thrombosis at any time, but that it was an effect given by the image and the finding that was seen was secondary to Petersen's hernia. Conclusions: The presence of the swirl sign on an angiotomography is very important but not definitive in the diagnosis of Petersen's hernia.

RESUMEN Introducción: Las imágenes diagnósticas son fundamentales para diagnosticar la trombosis de la vena mesentérica y la hernia de Petersen. Objetivo: Describir el tratamiento de una paciente que en angiotomografía presentó aparente trombosis de la vena mesentérica y hernia de Petersen. Caso clínico: Una paciente consultó por dolor abdominal tipo cólico, de predominio en epigastrio, irradiado a región dorsal. Por el cuadro clínico sugestivo de emergencia vascular se solicitó inmediatamente angiotomografía de vasos del tórax y abdomen. Las imágenes revelaron permeabilidad de la arteria mesentérica superior en su origen y en tercio proximal, se aprecia un giro de vasos (signo de remolino) a aproximadamente 7 cm de su origen, con aparente oclusión completa, por trombosis. En el mismo sitio donde se evidenció el giro de vasos, se apreció aparente inicio de trombosis de la vena mesentérica superior. Se realizó procedimiento quirúrgico en el cual se encontró espacio de Petersen y herniación de todo el intestino delgado a través de dicho espacio. La laparotomía evidenció que la paciente no cursó con trombosis, sino que era un efecto dado por la imagen y el hallazgo que se veía era secundario a la hernia de Petersen. Conclusiones: La presencia del signo de remolino en una angiotomografía es muy importante pero no definitiva en el diagnóstico de la hernia de Petersen.

Abstract: An essential topic in ecology is to understand how the structure of the habitat and its changes in space and time (i. e., habitat heterogeneity) affect the frequency and interactions between cohabiting species. Here, we assessed the effect of the biotic and abiotic components that configure the microhabitat heterogeneity and its temporal shifts (dry and rainy seasons), on the frequency (total and by sex) of two congeneric species, Peromyscus difficilis and P. melanotis, that co-occurs in a temperate forest of Central Mexico. To address this, an experimental plot composed of 120 sampling stations was placed within a temperate forest in the National Park Desierto de los Leones, Mexico City. In each sampling station, we set Sherman traps to capture mice of two syntopic Peromyscus, and we also evaluated six variables related to the spatial heterogeneity of the habitat during two rainy seasons. Our results revealed differential effects of habitat heterogeneity on the frequency of each species. Moreover, habitat heterogeneity also had a different effect on male and female frequencies of each Peromyscus species. While P. difficilis was captured more frequently in sampling stations with high presence and coverage of logs in the soil, P. melanotis was regularly captured in sampling stations with high vegetation cover and plant species richness. Thus, it seems that the different requirements and habitat preferences of these two Peromyscus species facilitate their spatial and temporal coexistence in this mid-latitude temperate forest. In general, we provide evidence of the importance of studying the heterogeneity of the habitat to better understand the interactions between syntopic species, offering new insights into the spatial and temporal mechanisms that could determine its coexistence at local scale.

Resumen: Un tema fundamental en ecología, es comprender cómo la estructura del hábitat y sus cambios en el espacio y tiempo (i. e., heterogeneidad del hábitat) afectan la frecuencia y las interacciones entre especies que cohabitan. En este estudio, evaluamos el efecto de los componentes bióticos y abióticos que configuran la heterogeneidad del microhábitat y sus cambios temporales (temporada seca y lluviosa), sobre la frecuencia (total y por sexo) de dos especies congenéricas, Peromyscus difficilis y P. melanotis, que ocurren en un bosque templado del centro de México. Para este fin, una parcela experimental compuesta por 120 estaciones de muestreo fue colocada dentro un bosque templado en el Parque Nacional Desierto de los Leones, Ciudad de México. En cada estación de muestreo, colocamos trampas Sherman para capturar ratones de los dos Peromyscus sintópicos, y también evaluamos seis variables relacionadas a la heterogeneidad espacial del hábitat durante dos temporadas lluviosas. Nuestros resultados revelaron efectos diferenciales de la heterogeneidad de hábitat sobre la frecuencia de cada especie. Más aún, la heterogeneidad del hábitat también tuvo un efecto diferente sobre las frecuencias de machos y hembras de cada especie de Peromyscus. Mientras que P. difficilis fue capturado con mayor frecuencia en estaciones de muestreo con alta presencia y cobertura de troncos en el suelo, P. melanotis fue capturado con mayor regularidad en estaciones de muestreo con alta cobertura vegetal y riqueza de especies de plantas. Por lo tanto, parece que los diferentes requerimientos y preferencias de hábitat que tienen estas dos especies de Peromyscus, facilitan su coexistencia espacial y temporal en este bosque templado de latitud media. En general, demostramos la importancia de estudiar la heterogeneidad del hábitat para comprender mejor las interacciones entre especies sintópicas, ofreciendo nuevos conocimientos sobre los mecanismos espaciales y temporales que podrían determinar su coexistencia a escala local.

Abstract: Previous studies using Cytochrome-b or ND3-ND4 mitochondrial gene have yielded intriguing evidence about the phylogenetic relationships among populations of Peromyscus furvus; however, those studies each based on phylogenies for a single type of genes, yielded conflicting topologies. In addition, analyses with traditional morphometrics have revealed differences in skull size among certain populations of the species. Therefore, in order to reassess the systematic and taxonomic status of P. furvus, we incorporated a suite of genetic and morphometric characters and employed cladistic analyses. Herein, we present results mostly derived from our genetic analyses (results from the phylogenetic examination of skull size and shape will appear later). Phylogenetic analyses were conducted using four mitochondrial genes (Cytb and ND3-ND4L-ND4) with the respective data analyzed separately or combined, followed by an analysis with genetic and morphometric data (size and shape characters). Most phylogenetic constructions were made with parsimonious methods, but probabilistic methods also were used in the analyses with the genes separated by type. Similar topologies were recovered from all analyses of the Cytb gene and from all parsimony analyses of the NADH genes; however, conflicting topologies were obtained with the probabilistic methods for the NADH genes. Additionally, to better understand the genetic variation in each type of gene, analyses for genetic divergence were conducted within and among genetic groups and haplotype networks were constructed. All the topologies obtained using genetic data questioned the monotypic status of P. furvus, as two additional clades were identified that seemingly correspond to unrecognized entities. The first of these, P. latirostris, occurs in the northern region and could be considered as either a species or subspecies. An unknown Peromyscus species nova that occurs to the south is considered as a valid species. Further, P. furvus s. s. becomes a polytypic species by recognizing at least two subspecies (P. f. angustirostris and P. f. furvus). Phylogenetic analyses also rejected membership of P. melanocarpus and P. ochraventer within the furvus species group. Instead, P. melanocarpus showed a greater affinity to P. mexicanus totontepecus, whereas, P. ochraventer either joined to the clade containing P. melanocarpus and P. m. tototepecus or to Megadontomys cryophilus in a sister clade. Finally, Osgoodomys banderanus (subgenus Haplomylomys) always remained basally positioned and segregated from all members of the subgenus Peromyscus.

Resumen: Estudios previos con los genes mitocondriales citocromo-b y ND3-ND4, han arrojado evidencia intrigante acerca del estado monotípico de Peromyscus furvus; sin embargo cada uno de esos estudios basados en filogenias para un solo tipo de genes, produjeron topologías conflictivas entre ellos. Además, análisis con morfometría tradicional han revelado diferencias en el tamaño del cráneo entre ciertas poblaciones de la especie. Por ende, con el fin de reevaluar el estado sistemático y taxonómico de P. furvus, incorporamos un juego de caracteres genéticos y morfométricos, empleando análisis cladísticos. Aquí presentamos resultados derivados en su mayoría de nuestros análisis genéticos (los resultados del examen filogenético del tamaño y la forma del cráneo aparecerán después). Se utilizaron análisis filogenéticos en cuatro genes mitocondriales (Cytb y ND3-ND4L-ND4) con las respectivas bases de datos por separado o combinadas, seguidos de un análisis con datos genéticos y morfométricos (caracteres de tamaño y forma). La mayoría de las construcciones filogenéticas se realizaron con métodos parsimoniosos, pero también se utilizaron métodos probabilísticos en los análisis con los genes separados por tipo. Se recuperaron topologías similares en todos los análisis del gen Cytb y en todos los análisis de parsimonia con los genes NADH; sin embargo, se obtuvieron topologías en conflicto con los métodos probabilísticos para los genes de la NADH. Además, para entender mejor la variación genética en cada tipo de genes, se condujeron análisis de divergencia genética dentro y entre grupos genéticos y se construyeron redes de haplotipos. Todas las topologías obtenidas utilizando los datos genéticos, cuestionaron el estado monotípico de Peromyscus furvus, ya que se identificaron dos clados adicionales que al parecer, corresponden a entidades sin reconocer. La primera de estas, P. latirostris, ocurre en la región norteña y podría ser considerada ya sea como una especie o como una subespecie. Una species nova de Peromyscus que ocurre hacia el sur se considera como especie válida. Además, P. furvus s. s. se convierte en una especie politípica al reconocerse al menos dos subespecies (P. f. angustirostris y P. f. furvus). Los análisis filogenéticos también rechazaron la pertenecia de P. melanocarpus y P. ochraventer dentro del grupo de especies furvus. En cambio, P. melanocarpus mostró una mayor afinidad hacia P. mexicanus totontepecus, mientras que P. ochraventer se unió, ya sea al clado que contenía a P. melanocarpus y a P. m. tototepecus, o a Megadontomys cryophilus en un clado hermano. Finalmente, Osgoodomys banderanus (subgénero Haplomylomys) siempre permaneció posicionada basalmente y segregada de todos los miembros del subgénero Peromyscus.

ABSTRACT Primary eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders include a spectrum of inflammatory chronic diseases in which eosinophils infiltrate the gut in the absence of known causes of such tissue eosinophilia. They may affect any area of the gastrointestinal tract although exclusive colonic disease is exceptional. Due to their low prevalence these disorders are not usually taken into account when making a differential diagnosis in a patient with chronic diarrhea, which is the reason why in many cases the diagnosis can take many years. We describe the case of a patient with well-controlled celiac disease and chronic diarrhea of indeterminate origin. The final diagnosis was eosinophilic colitis. A complete response was obtained when she was treated with oral budesonide. Nowadays she remains asymptomatic.

RESUMEN Los trastornos eosinofílicos primarios del tracto gastrointestinal abarcan una serie de enfermedades crónicas que cursan con un infiltrado eosinofílico a nivel intestinal en ausencia de otras causas de eosinofilia. Pueden afectar a cualquier área del tubo digestivo, siendo excepcional la afectación exclusiva del colon. Dada su baja prevalencia no suelen tenerse en cuenta en el diagnóstico diferencial de los pacientes con diarrea crónica, por lo que en muchos casos la demora diagnóstica puede ser de años. Describimos el caso de una paciente con enfermedad celíaca bien controlada y diarrea crónica de origen indeterminado que fue finalmente diagnosticada de una colitis eosinofílica. Recibió tratamiento con budesonida oral con muy buena respuesta clínica y en la actualidad se mantiene asintomática.

Introduction: Despite the amount of information known about the assistance to combat casualties in advanced medical structures in Afghanistan, there is a lack of information related to the assistance given to military and civilian staff stationed abroad who demands medical consultations ondaily. Objetive: Increase this knowledge by the present work analyzing 900 consultations during a sanitary rotation in Qala-e-Naw Spanish ROLE-1 in a summer-round. Materials and method: A review using a transversal and observational study taking only into account those consultations which completely fulfilled the general requirements. Variables: sex, unit, date, symptoms, treatment, hospitalization, evacuation. Statistical analysis: SPSS 17.0. Results: 876 (97'3 %) consultations, of which 91.5 % (802) were male, and 8.5 % (74) women. For scales, the most voluminous, it is for the troop's 68'2 % (614). For jobs, topping the list, the soldiers 44.2 % (398), and last place, the commander with 0.2 % (2), Spanish civilians 4.4% (39), Afghan civilians, 8'4% (75). Increased registered pathology; digestive: 31.9 % (287 visits), followed by musculoskeletal disorders 17'1 % (154), include consultations for insect stings: 5.3% (48) and eye damage: 2'2 % (20). Average daily consultations: 16, Fashion 43. Recess point: 15% (132). Income: 1.4 % (12). Evacuations: 0.7 % (6). Transfer to Spain: 3 people. Discussion: Clearly point to a high demand of digestive and trauma pathology, being surprisingly underneath the demand for work accidents, sunburns or ocular injuries. Conclusion: Daily basis ailments are not banal and they may bring certain limitations when it comes to accomplish a mission.

Introducción: Existe mucha información sobre la asistencia a bajas en combate en Afganistán en escalones avanzados, pero poca sobre la prestada al personal desplegado en misión que demanda consultas médicas más cotidianas. Objetivo: Conocer dichas demandas analizando las consultas registradas en el libro de botiquín durante una rotación sanitaria en el ROLE-1 de Qala-e-Naw en los meses de mayo, junio y julio. Material y métodos: Se ha llevado a cabo una revisión, con un estudio observacional transversal, de 900 consultas registradas, analizando sólo aquellas que cumplían con las variables a estudio correctamente registradas. Variables: sexo, unidad, fecha, síntomas, tratamiento, hospitalización. Análisis estadístico: SPSS 17.0. Resultados: 876 (97'3%) consultas, de las cuales 91,5% (802) fueron varones, y 8'5% (74) mujeres. Por escalas, la más voluminosa, corresponde a la tropa 68'2% (614). Por empleos, encabezando la lista, los soldados 44'2% (398), y último puesto, el empleo de comandante con 0'2% (2), civiles españoles: 4'4% (39), civiles afganos: 8'4% (75). Mayor patología registrada; digestiva: 31'9% (287 consultas), seguida por trastornos músculo-esqueléticos 17'1% (154), destacan las escasas consultas por picaduras de insectos: 5'3% (48), y lesiones oculares: 2'2% (20). Media de consultas diarias: 16, Moda: 43. Rebaje puntual: 15% (132). Ingreso: 1'4% (12). Evacuaciones: 0'7% (6). Traslado a territorio nacional: 3 personas. Discusión: Clara demanda de patología digestiva y traumatológica (de personal civil y militar) siendo característica la escasa demanda asistencial por picaduras de insectos, quemaduras solares o lesiones oftalmológicas. Conclusión: Patologías cotidianas que, no por ser banales, dejan de suponer ciertas limitaciones al personal para llevar a cabo su misión.

Objective: To compare the effect of two methods of electrostimulation on the following variables: strength and anthropometry. Method: An experimental, randomized, and simple blind investigation was performed. Eighteen subjects were evaluated distributed into a Modified TENS Current Group (CTM: n = 6), Russian Current Group (CR: n = 6), and a Control Group (TC: n = 6, submitted to traditional TENS current, considered as placebo in this research). Results: After 8 weeks, only CTM obtained an increase in maximal strength (p < 0.035), and a reduction in the subcutaneous fat thickness of the right thigh (p < 0.03). Conclusions: A Modified TENS Current is effective for muscular training.

Objetivo: Comparar o efeito de 2 métodos de eletroestimulação nas seguintes variáveis: força e antropometria. Método: Um estudo experimental, randomizado, cego simples. Foram avaliados 18 indivíduos, distribuídos em: grupo de corrente TENS modificada (CTM: n = 6), grupo corrente russa (CR: n = 6) e grupo controle (TC: n = 6, submetido a corrente TENS convencional, considerada nesta investigação como placebo). Resultados: Após 8 semanas, CTM aumentou a força máxima (p < 0,035) e reduziu a espessura de pregas subcutâneas da coxa direita (p < 0,03). Conclusões: A técnica de eletroestimulação com corrente TENS modificada é eficaz para treinamento muscular.

Objetivo: Comparar el efecto de 2 métodos de electroestimulación en las siguientes variables: fuerza y antropometría. Método: Se realizó una investigación experimental, aleatoria y simple ciego. Se evaluó a 18 sujetos, distribuidos en: Grupo Corriente TENS Modificada (CTM: n = 6), Grupo Corriente Rusa (CR: n = 6) y Grupo Control (TC: n = 6, sometido a corriente TENS Convencional, considerada en la presente investigación como placebo). Resultados: Al cabo de 8 semanas, solo CTM incrementó la fuerza máxima (p < 0.035) y redujo el grosor del pliegue subcutâneo de la pierna derecha (p < 0.03). Conclusiones: La técnica de electroestimulación con corriente TENS Modificada es efectiva para el entrenamiento muscular.

Grasses are more efficient than dicots in acquiring Fe from calcareous soils. We studied whether intercropping with grasses alleviates Fe chlorosis in olive and whether the effect persists in succeeding dicot crops. Three different pot experiments were conducted. In the first, olive plants were intercropped with 6 different grass species (purple false brome, annual ryegrass, compact brome, goatgrass, barley and red fescue); in the second, the two species best performing in the previous experiment were studied in various calcareous soils and; in the third, chickpea and peanut were grown in pots previously used to cultivate the two grasses. Intercropping with purple false brome and barley increased leaf chlorophyll concentrations and/or boosted growth of olive trees on three different calcareous soils. Olive growth was adversely affected by intercropping in one soil as a result of competition for water. Intercropping increased Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn leaf contents in olive. Also, grass cropping generally raised available levels of soil Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn; this effect, however, resulted in no substantial alleviation of Fe chlorosis in succeeding chickpea or peanut crops. Intercropping with purple false brome and barley appears to be a promising remedy for Fe chlorosis in olive orchards affected by Fe chlorosis.

The objectives of this paper are to investigate the response of chickpea growing on two iron (Fe) chlorosis-inducing calcareous soils, with different Fe availability, generously supplied with phosphate (P), and to evaluate the effectiveness of a mixture of organic acids (citric, oxalic and malic) to alleviate Fe chlorosis symptoms. Application of P (+P treatment) aggravated Fe deficiency irrespective of the soil. Phosphorus-induced Fe chlorosis was alleviated when organic acids were also applied to the soil (+P+OA treatment), which was reflected in increased leaf chlorophyll concentration and decreased root ferric reductase activity in the plants growing on both soils; the effect was stronger for plants grown on the soil with the lowest Fe-available content. However, Fe chlorosis was still more severe than in the control (-P treatment) plants. The need of -P treatment plants to explore soil in order to take up nutrients is reflected in their root architecture, reduced root diameter and increased length, surface and volume relative to +P and +P+OA roots. Organic acids alleviate Fe chlorosis in function of non crystalline Fe oxides content but inhibit the root response mechanisms as a consequence of increasing Fe concentration in the soil solution.

We describe a case of a patient from Senegal with voiding symptoms and microscopic hematuria diagnosed and treated for bladder schistosomiasis in the medical services of the Youth Prison in Barcelona. According to our information in the Medline database no bladder schistosomiasis cases have been seen in primary care outside endemic areas. Patients can be diagnosed andtreated before referral to specialized care for further study of possible complications.

Se describe un caso clínico de un paciente procedente de Senegal con síndrome miccional y hematuria microscópica que fue diagnosticado y tratado de esquistosomiasis vesical en los servicios médicos del Centro Penitenciario de Jóvenes de Barcelona. Según nuestra información en la base de datos Medline no existen casos de esquistosomiasis vesical abordados en atención primaria fuera de áreas endémicas. Los pacientes pueden diagnosticarse y tratarse antes de ser derivados a la asistencia especializada para continuar estudio de posibles complicaciones.

Objective: To analyse the relationship between the presence of malnutrition (MN), as measured by the NRS-2002 nutritional evaluation, and the rate of morbidity and mortality. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Patients admitted to Mateu Orfila Hospital, the regional hospital for the island of Menorca, Spain. Subjects: 1,075 patients who were admitted to Mateu Orfila Hospital (Menorca) who had laboratory studies and a nutritional risk (NR) evaluation available were studied. Those who had a clinical suspicion of MN or those at risk were studied. Intervention: Demographic (age, gender) and clinical (current weight, normal weight, body mass index, weight loss, oral intake, presence of intestinal failure, fistula, renal failure, respiratory infection, urinary infection, hyperglycaemia, admission to the ICU, hospital stay, days of parenteral nutrition treatment and reason for admission) were collected during hospitalisation, as well as hospital mortality and mortality at 6 months following discharge. All underwent the NRS-2002 test. Results: The mean patient age was 67.9 years and 58.3% were men. 62% of patients met the criteria for manutrition according to the NRS-2002 test. A statistically significant association was seen between malnutrition according to the NRS-2002 and intestinal failure, fistula, renal failure, respiratory infection, hyperglycemia, hospital mortality and mortality at 6 months. Conclusion: Malnutrition affects more than half of the patients who are admitted to a medium-long admission hospital and it is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The results underscore the need to establish an update plan and preventative and therapeutic nutritional follow-up. These measures reduce the rate of avoidable complications and save the costs associated with them.

Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre el grado de Desnutrición (DN), detectada según el test de valoración nutricional NRS-2002, y la tasa de morbimortalidad. Métodos: Estudio transversal de 1075 pacientes que ingresaron en el Hospital Mateu Orfila (Menorca) de los que se disponía una analítica de ingreso y valoración del riesgo nutricional (RN) mediante el test NRS-2002. Se recogieron datos demográficos (edad, sexo) y clínicos (peso actual, peso habitual, Índice Masa Corporal, pérdida peso, ingesta oral, presencia de fracaso intestinal, fístula, fracaso renal, infección respiratoria, infección urinaria, hiperglucemia, estancia en la UCI, estancia hospitalaria, días de tratamiento de nutrición parenteral y enfermedad motivo de ingreso) durante su hospitalización así como la mortalidad hospitalaria y a los 6 meses posteriores al alta. Resultados: La edad media de los pacientes fue de 67,9 años y el 58,3% eran hombres. El 62%de los pacientes presentaron criterios de DN según el test NRS-2002. Se halló asociación estadísticamente significativa entre DN según el test NRS-2002 y fracaso intestinal, fístula, fracaso renal, infección respiratoria, hiperglucemia, mortalidad hospitalaria, mortalidad 6 meses y estancia hospitalaria. Conclusiones: La DN afecta a más de la mitad de los pacientes que ingresan en un hospital de media-larga estancia y se asocia con mayor morbi-mortalidad. Los resultados nos permiten establecer un plan de actuación y seguimiento nutricional de prevención y tratamiento.

Introduction: LESS surgery (Laparoendoscopic single site surgery) is a surgical technique that aims to perform intraabdominal surgery using a single site entry, allowing for reduction in the number and size of the incisions, achieving better esthetic results with at least the same functional outcomes as with the conventional laparoscopic surgery. Material and methods: We present the first experience of LESS living donor nephrectomy carried out by a totally European team. To perform it, a Quadport® device was placed through a 4cm long paraumbilical incision. Results: The nephrectomy was performed using the standards of conventional laparoscopic surgery, with the use of a precurved instrument in the left hand and straight instruments in the right. After bagging the kidney, the artery and vein were sectioned after clipping, allowing for rapid extraction of the organ through the same incision, with warm ischemia of 3.30" and 2.47," respectively. Conclusion: Living donor nephrectomy using the LESS technique is feasible and can be considered a good option for obtaining live donor kidney grafts in males. The application of said surgical in living kidney donor can increase the rate of donation, by reducing morbidity and improving the esthetic results with the same outcome for the donor as for the recipient.

Introducción: La cirugía LESS (Laparoendoscopic single site surgery) es una técnica quirúrgica que pretende realizar la cirugía intraabdominal mediante un único puerto de entrada, permitiendo una reducción del número y tamaño de las incisiones, consiguiendo mejores resultados estéticos con, al menos, los mismos resultados funcionales que la cirugía laparoscópica convencional. Material y métodos: Presentamos la primera experiencia de nefrectomía LESS de donante vivo realizada por un equipo íntegramente europeo. Para su realización se colocó un dispositivo Quadport® a través de una incisión paraumbilical de 4 centímetros de longitud. Resultados: La nefrectomía se realizó siguiendo los estándares de la cirugía laparoscópica convencional, con el uso de un instrumento precurvado en la mano izquierda e instrumentos rectos en la derecha. Tras el embolsado del riñón se seccionaron la arteria y la vena previo clipaje, permitiendo una extracción rápida del órgano a través de la misma incisión, con una isquemia caliente de 3,30" y 2,47" respectivamente. Conclusión: La nefrectomía de donante vivo mediante la técnica LESS es factible, y puede ser considerada una buena opción para la obtención de injertos renales de vivo en varones. La aplicación de dicha técnica quirúrgica en la donación renal de vivo puede incrementar la tasa de donación, al reducir la morbilidad y mejorar los resultados estéticos, con los mismos resultados tanto para el donante como para el receptor.

Background: In developed countries, elderly people are considered a group of high risk for possible nutritional imbalances, particularly if they are institutionalized. Objectives: In the present study, the nutritional value of the meals offered by public nursing homes for the elderly in province of Murcia (Spain) was assessed, to compare the results with Spanish recommendations and to propose possible strategies for improving the nutritional status of the residents. Methods: We studied 252 meals offered by six nursing homes, evaluating the energy and macronutrient contents, caloric profile, fat quality and cholesterol and fiber contents. The results were compared with Spanish recommendations for elderly people, and recommendations for a balanced and Mediterranean diet. Results and Discussion: The average energy content of the meals widely fulfilled the amounts of Recommended Dietary Intake for the elderly population. The caloric profile was adequate as regards proteins, low in carbohydrates and high in lipids. The fat quality was adequate, the cholesterol content was higher and the fiber content lower that the recommended amounts. Conclusions: Among possible strategies to improve the nutritional value of the meals, could be a reduction in the fat and cholesterol contents and an increase in carbohydrate and fiber contents, by replacing some red meat dishes by legumes, bread and refined cereals by wholemeal foods, and fat full dairy products by low fat equivalents.

Introducción: En los países desarrollados, las personas mayores constituyen un grupo de alto riesgo nutricional, siendo los ancianos institucionalizados los más vulnerables de este colectivo. Objetivos: Se ha valorado nutricionalmente los menús fertados en diferentes residencias públicas de personas mayores de la Región de Murcia (España), con el fin de estudiar su adecuación a las recomendaciones y diseñar posibles estrategias que permitan mejorar el estado nutricional de los residentes. Métodos: Se estudiaron un total de 252 menús ofertados en seis residencias y se valoró el aporte de energía y de macronutrientes, el perfil calórico, la calidad de la grasa y el contenido de fibra y colesterol. Los resultados obtenidos fueron comparados con las recomendaciones españolas para personas mayores y con las de la dieta equilibrada y mediterránea. Resultados y Discusión: El aporte energético medio de los menús superó ampliamente las cantidades recomendadas. El perfil calórico fue adecuado en proteínas, deficitario en carbohidratos y excesivo en lípidos. La calidad de la grasa se adecuó a la recomendada tanto en la dieta equilibrada como en la dieta mediterránea. Por el contrario, el aporte medio de fibra fue inferior y el de colesterol superior a los valores recomendados. Conclusiones: Entre las posibles estrategias para mejorar el valor nutricional de los menús estaría reducir el contenido de grasa y colesterol de los mismos e incrementar el de hidratos de carbono y fibra, sustituyendo algunos platos de carnes rojas por platos de legumbres, pan y cereales refinados por integrales, y productos lácteos enteros por semidesnatados.

The effect on growth and survival of the initial stocking density (30, 20 and 10 eggs L-1) in larval rearing of spotted rose snapper (Lutjanus guttatus) was evaluated. The eggs were incubated in nine black fibreglass tanks with three replicates for treatment. Larvae were cultured in the same tanks using the green water technique. Larvae were harvested at 45 days post-hatch (DDE). Total length (LT), weight (PH) and survival rate (S) were determined. Initial stocking density did not affect growth and survival rates. Therefore, it is advisable to carry out larval culture of the spotted rose snapper using 30 eggs L-1 to maintain good growth levels.