Resumo A Helicobacter spp. é uma bactéria Gram negativa espiralada, de grande importância clínica, que se relaciona a patogenias como gastrite e úlceras pépticas e, mais recentemente, com o carcinoma gástrico em humanos. Evidências sugerem o potencial dos animais, principalmente os domésticos, como fonte de infecção zoonótica das helicobactérias, já que bactérias com morfologia similar às encontradas em animais foram observadas no estômago de humanos com gastrite. Nesse contexto, os cães podem ser um importante reservatório de agentes infecciosos como a Helicobacter spp. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a prevalência de Helicobacter spp. em cães do Centro de Controle de Zoonoses de Campo Grande/MS. Para tanto, foram utilizados 96 cães dos quais foram colhidas amostras do corpo, fundo e antro gástrico, para avaliação da presença da Helicobacter spp. por meio do teste rápido de urease e análise histológica. O teste rápido de urease permitiu a detecção de Helicobacter spp. em 94,7% dos cães; já a análise histológica indicou a presença de Helicobacter spp. em 100% dos animais avaliados com predominio da bactéria na região do fundo do estômago.

Abstract Helicobacter spp. is a spiral Gram-negative bacterium that has substantial clinical importance. It has been related to diseases such as gastritis and peptic ulcers, and more recently to gastric cancer in humans. Evidence suggests the potential of animals, particularly domestic ones, as the source of zoonotic infection of helicobacteria since bacteria with similar morphology to those found in animals were observed in the stomach of humans with gastritis. Thus, dogs have been identified to serve as an important host for infectious agents such as Helicobacter spp. From this perspective, the present study aimed to assess the prevalence of Helicobacter spp. in dogs from the Zoonosis Control Center of Campo Grande-MS. Samples of body, fundus, and gastric antrum from 96 dogs were collected to evaluate the presence of Helicobacter spp. through the rapid urease test and histological analysis. Helicobacter spp. was found in 94.7% of the dogs by rapid urease test and in 100% by histological analysis, with bacteria predominance in the stomach fundus region.

<p>The phytochemical investigation and evaluation of the phytotoxic effect of the extract and fractions obtained from the leaves of <italic>Annona nutans</italic>(R. E. Fr.) R. E. Fr. were performed. Phytotoxic activity was assessed on radicle and hypocotyl of <italic>Allium cepa</italic> and <italic>Lactuca sativa</italic>, where chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions proved active. Phytochemical investigation of the chloroform fraction was allowed identification of polyketides derivatives: triacontanal, 16-hentriacontane, octacosanol and triacontanol, using the ¹H NMR technique associated with data from GC/MS. Using ethyl acetate fraction, with low activity, flavonoids 3-<italic>O</italic>-β-D-galactopyranosyl-isorhamnetin, 3-<italic>O</italic>-β-D-galactopyranosyl-quercetin and 3-<italic>O</italic>-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→2)-galactopyranosyl-quercetin were identified, determined by spectrometric techniques one and two-dimensional NMR, combined with mass spectral data. All substances are being reported for the first time in <italic>Annona nutans</italic>. The phytotoxic activity of chloroform fraction may be related to the presence of triacontanol and similar substances. Triacontanol stimulates growth at very low concentrations, but can have an inhibitory effect at higher concentrations, such as those reported for auxin analogs. The toxicity assay using <italic>Artemia salina</italic> (BST) was also performed, with the chloroform fraction showing a negligible lethal dose, LD₅₀ = 500 mg mL^-1, while the other fractions and extracts showed no activity. Thus, the presence of acetogenins was ruled out.</p>