ABSTRACT Objective: This two-centre cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate whether xerostomia occurrence is associated with oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) after the adjustment for potential confounders. Methods: Oral examinations were performed by calibrated examiners for untreated dental caries, periodontitis and tooth loss in 180 adults with ESRD. The presence of xerostomia was determined using the global question “How often does your mouth feel dry?”. OHRQoL was evaluated by the simplified version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP14) questionnaire. Multivariate zero-inflated negative binomial regression analysis was used to calculate the incidence rate ratios (IRR) for the nonzero scores and odds ratios (OR) of having no impact in OHIP14 scores according to the presence of exposure. Results: In the adjusted model, xerostomia (IRR = 1.57; 95% CI: 1.12 to 2.20) was associated with poorer OHRQoL. The adjusted domain-specific analysis revealed that xerostomia occurrence significantly impacted the psychological disability and social disability, and the chance of having no impact was lower for the psychological discomfort domain (OR = 0.84; 95% CI: 0.12 to 0.98). Conclusion: Xerostomia exert an impact on OHRQoL in patients with ESRD, mainly in the psychological and social disabilities constructs.

RESUMO Objetivo: Este estudo transversal realizado em dois centros teve como objetivo avaliar se a ocorrência de xerostomia está associada à qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal (QVRSB) em pacientes com doença renal crônica em estágio final (DRCEF) após o ajuste para potenciais fatores de confusão. Métodos: Exames bucais foram realizados por examinadores calibrados para cárie dentária não tratada, periodontite e perda dentária em 180 adultos com DRCEF. A presença de xerostomia foi determinada por meio da pergunta global “Com que frequência você fica com a boca seca?”. A QVRSB foi avaliada pela versão simplificada do questionário Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). A análise multivariada de regressão binomial negativa inflacionada por zero foi usada para calcular as taxas de incidência (IRR) para os escores diferentes de zero e os razões de chance (OR) de não haver impacto nos escores do OHIP-14 de acordo com a presença dA exposição. Resultados: No modelo ajustado, a xerostomia (IRR = 1,57; IC 95%: 1,12 a 2,20) foi associada a pior QVRSB. A análise específica por domínio revelou que a ocorrência de xerostomia impactou significativamente a incapacidade psicológica e a incapacidade social, e a chance de não haver impacto foi menor para o domínio desconforto psicológico (OR = 0,84; IC95%: 0,12 a 0,98). Conclusão: A xerostomia exerce impacto sobre a QVRSB em pacientes com DRCEF, principalmente nos construtos de deficiência psicológica e social.

Abstract The aim of the present infodemiological study was to evaluate whether the COVID-19 outbreak has influenced the volume of content related to the dental treatment needs of Brazilian Twitter users to summarize the trends, and to identify the perceptions of the treatment needed. We collected tweets related to dental care needs of individuals exposed to the COVID-19 outbreak scenario between March 23 to May 4, 2020 and of those not exposed to the COVID-19 pandemic (unexposed group) on the same reported days of 2019 using the terms “dentista (dentist), dente (tooth), siso (third molar), and aparelho (orthodontic appliance).” Descriptive analysis was performed to provide summary statistics of the frequencies of tweets related to different dental treatment needs and also the differences in volume content between the years 2019 and 2020. Moreover, the data were analyzed by qualitative analysis using an inductive approach. A total of 1,763 tweets from 2020 and 1,339 tweets from 2019 were screened. Those tweets posted by non-Brazilian users, duplicates, and those unrelated to dental treatment needs were removed and, therefore 1,197 tweets from 2020 and 719 tweets from 2019 were selected. Content volume related to dental treatment needs greatly increased during the COVID-19 outbreak. Findings from the word cloud and content analysis suggest that dental pain, related or not to the third molar, and problems with orthodontic appliances were the topics most commonly related to dental treatment needs discussed during the COVID-19 outbreak, mainly conveying anxiety and distress. The volume of tweets related to dental treatment needs posted by Brazilian users increased during the COVID-19 outbreak and self-reported pain and urgencies were the most popular topics.

Objetivou-se identificar os indicadores de risco associados ao consumo de drogas ilícitas em escolares provenientes de escolas públicas de uma comunidade do sul do Brasil. Trata-se de uma pesquisa transversal não experimental, realizada com 535 estudantes do ensino fundamental e médio, representativos de seis escolas públicas. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário, entre outubro/2011 e março/2012. Os resultados foram apresentados por distribuição de frequência simples e relativa e razões de chance (OR) e os intervalos de confiança 95% foram calculados para verificar associação entre as variáveis dependentes e independentes. Ainda, uma análise multivariada foi conduzida para o desfecho "você já usou drogas ilícitas?" A análise univariada demonstrou associação entre as variáveis: renda familiar, cor, turno em que estuda, reprovação escolar, utilização de métodos de prevenção, hábito de fumar e se conhece alguém que utiliza drogas, as quais se mostraram associadas ao desfecho já ter experimentado drogas ilícitas. Após a análise multivariadao hábito de fumar foi o único indicador significativamente associado sobre já ter utilizado drogas ilícitas. Os resultados permitem afirmar que o hábito de fumar é um importante indicador de risco preditivo para o uso de drogas ilícitas.

This study sought to identify the risk indicators associated with the consumption of illicit drugs by schoolchildren in public schools in a community in the south of Brazil. This is a non-experimental cross-sectional study conducted with 535 students of primary schoolchildren from six public schools. Data were collected using a questionnaire between October 2011 and March 2012. The results were presented by simple and relative distribution of frequency and odds ratio (OR) and the 95% reliability intervals were calculated to verify the association between the dependent and independent variables. Multivariate analysis was also performed using the question "have you ever used illicit drugs?" Univariate analysis revealed an association between family income, color, period in which the child studied, failure to pass annual tests, use of methods of prevention, smoking habit and knowing someone who uses drugs with the fact of having experimented with the use of illicit drugs. After multivariate analysis, the smoking habit was the only indicator significantly associated with the question of having made use of illicit drugs. The results indicate that the smoking habit is an important indicator of the predictive risk for the use of illicit drugs.

Objetivou-se identificar os indicadores de risco associados ao consumo de drogas ilícitas em escolares provenientes de escolas públicas de uma comunidade do sul do Brasil. Trata-se de uma pesquisa transversal não experimental, realizada com 535 estudantes do ensino fundamental e médio, representativos de seis escolas públicas. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário, entre outubro/2011 e março/2012. Os resultados foram apresentados por distribuição de frequência simples e relativa e razões de chance (OR) e os intervalos de confiança 95% foram calculados para verificar associação entre as variáveis dependentes e independentes. Ainda, uma análise multivariada foi conduzida para o desfecho "você já usou drogas ilícitas?" A análise univariada demonstrou associação entre as variáveis: renda familiar, cor, turno em que estuda, reprovação escolar, utilização de métodos de prevenção, hábito de fumar e se conhece alguém que utiliza drogas, as quais se mostraram associadas ao desfecho já ter experimentado drogas ilícitas. Após a análise multivariadao hábito de fumar foi o único indicador significativamente associado sobre já ter utilizado drogas ilícitas. Os resultados permitem afirmar que o hábito de fumar é um importante indicador de risco preditivo para o uso de drogas ilícitas.

This study sought to identify the risk indicators associated with the consumption of illicit drugs by schoolchildren in public schools in a community in the south of Brazil. This is a non-experimental cross-sectional study conducted with 535 students of primary schoolchildren from six public schools. Data were collected using a questionnaire between October 2011 and March 2012. The results were presented by simple and relative distribution of frequency and odds ratio (OR) and the 95% reliability intervals were calculated to verify the association between the dependent and independent variables. Multivariate analysis was also performed using the question "have you ever used illicit drugs?" Univariate analysis revealed an association between family income, color, period in which the child studied, failure to pass annual tests, use of methods of prevention, smoking habit and knowing someone who uses drugs with the fact of having experimented with the use of illicit drugs. After multivariate analysis, the smoking habit was the only indicator significantly associated with the question of having made use of illicit drugs. The results indicate that the smoking habit is an important indicator of the predictive risk for the use of illicit drugs.

OBJECTIVES: Studies concerning side effects of chlorhexidine as related to the presence of plaque are scarce. The purpose of this study was to compare the side effects of 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) on previously plaque-free (control group) and plaque-covered surfaces (test group). METHODS: This study had a single-blind, randomized, split-mouth, 21 days-experimental gingivitis design, including 20 individuals who abandoned all mechanical plaque control methods during 25 days. After 4 days of plaque accumulation, the individuals had 2 randomized quadrants cleaned, remaining 2 quadrants with plaque-covered dental surfaces. On the fourth day, the individuals started with 0.12% CHX rinsing lasting for 21 days. Stain index intensity and extent as well as calculus formation were evaluated during the experimental period. RESULTS: Intergroup comparisons showed statistically higher (p<0.05) stain intensity and extent index as well as calculus formation over the study in test surfaces as compared to control surfaces. Thus, 26.19% of test surfaces presented calculus, whereas calculus was observed in 4.52% in control surfaces. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of plaque increased 0.12% CHX side effects. These results strengthen the necessity of biofilm disruption prior to the start of CHX mouthrinses in order to reduce side effects.

O objetivo deste estudo clínico duplo-cego, controlado, de boca-dividida foi avaliar o efeito de uma aplicação única do Gluma Desensitizer® no alívio da hipersensibilidade dentinária. Doze sujeitos participaram do estudo, sendo que destes dez completaram o estudo. Cada um dos participantes teve dois dentes tratados, um com o Gluma Desensitizer®, de acordo com as orientações do fabricante, e o outro com água. Para a avaliação da dor foi utilizada a EVA (Escala Visual Analógica), após os estímulos táctil (sonda), térmico (jato de água frio) e térmico/evaporativo (jato de ar frio) no início do experimento, imediatamente após o tratamento, uma e quatro semanas após. Os valores médios encontrados na EVA foram comparados pelo teste-t pareado (alfa = 0,05). Para os diferentes tempos experimentais utilizou-se ANOVA para medidas repetidas. Os resultados mostram que, no início do tratamento, os valores médios foram de 1,76 (± 2,82), 7,10 (± 2,10) e 4,75 (± 2,65) para os dentes teste e, após quatro semanas, os valores médios foram de 1,70 (± 2,31), 5,50 (± 3,30) e 4,61 (± 3,14) respectivamente para os estímulos sonda, água e ar. Para os dentes controle, no início do tratamento, os valores médios segundo a EVA foram de 1,86 (± 2,92), 6,61 (± 2,31) e 4,08 (± 2,91) e, após 4 semanas, 2,66 (± 3,07), 6,32 (± 2,94) e 4,76 (± 3,26). Não ocorreram diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os dentes teste e controle em nenhum dos tempos experimentais. Também não ocorreram diferenças intragrupo. Concluímos que o Gluma Desensitizer® não tem efeito sobre a hipersensibilidade dentinária de pacientes periodontalmente tratados num período de até quatro semanas.

The aim of this double-blind, controlled, split-mouth designed clinical trial was to assess the effect of a single application of Gluma Desensitizer® on alleviating dentin hypersensitivity. Twelve subjects entered the study and ten completed the protocol. Each subject had two teeth treated: one with Gluma Desensitizer® according to the manufacturer's instructions and one with water. The assessment of pain was performed with the VAS (Visual Analogue Scale), after tactile (probe), thermal (cold blast of water) and thermal/evaporative (cold blast of air) stimuli at baseline, immediately after treatment, after 1 week and after 4 weeks. The mean VAS values for the test and control teeth were compared by the paired t test (alpha = 0.05). Repeated measurements ANOVA was used to compare the different experimental times. The results showed that for test teeth, at baseline, mean VAS values were 1.76 (± 2.82), 7.10 (± 2.10) and 4.75 (± 2.65), and, after 4 weeks, the mean values were 1.70 (± 2.31), 5.50 (± 3.30) and 4.61 (± 3.14), respectively for probe, water and air stimuli. For the control teeth, at baseline, the mean VAS values were 1.86 (± 2.92), 6.61 (± 2.31) and 4.08 (± 2.91) and, after 4 weeks, 2.66 (± 3.07), 6.32 (± 2.94) e 4.76 (± 3.26).There were no statistically significant differences between test and control teeth at any time. No intra-group differences were demonstrated either. It was concluded that Gluma Desensitizer® had no effect on hypersensitive teeth from periodontally treated patients for a period up to 4 weeks.