A bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) defective in glycoprotein E (gE) was constructed from a Brazilian genital BoHV-1 isolate, by replacing the full gE coding region with the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene for selection. Upon co-transfection of MDBK cells with genomic viral DNA plus the GFP-bearing gE-deletion plasmid, three fluorescent recombinant clones were obtained out of approximately 5000 viral plaques. Deletion of the gE gene and the presence of the GFP marker in the genome of recombinant viruses were confirmed by PCR. Despite forming smaller plaques, the BoHV-1△gE recombinants replicated in MDBK cells with similar kinetics and to similar titers to that of the parental virus (SV56/90), demonstrating that the gE deletion had no deleterious effects on replication efficacy in vitro. Thirteen calves inoculated intramuscularly with BoHV-1△gE developed virus neutralizing antibodies at day 42 post-infection (titers from 2 to 16), demonstrating the ability of the recombinant to replicate and to induce a serological response in vivo. Furthermore, the serological response induced by recombinant BoHV-1△gE could be differentiated from that induced by wild-type BoHV-1 by the use of an anti-gE antibody ELISA kit. Taken together, these results indicated the potential application of recombinant BoHV-1 △gE in vaccine formulations to prevent the losses caused by BoHV-1 infections while allowing for differentiation of vaccinated from naturally infected animals.

Aims: Describe and compare clinical and demographic characteristics associated with early readmissions compared with those associated with delayed rehospitalizations and individuals having only one hospitalization. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed clinical and demographic records of all patients admitted to a psychiatric service in Santiago, Chile, from July 1, 2001 to June 30, 2010. We compare and analyze the characteristics of hospitalizations associated with early readmission, delayed readmision and no readmission. Results: Early readmission was preceded by shorter hospitalizations compared with patients who had a delayed admission in the period. There were no gender and age differences, but when comparing the diagnoses between the group without rehospitalization with the group with readmissions, we found that psychotic and bipolar disorder have greater representation in the group with delayed readmission, and bipolar disorder in the case of early readmission. Conclusions: Early readmission would be primarily related to the particular characteristics of each individual disease and disorders are grouped by their nature tend to be chronic and recurrent.

Objetivos: Describir y comparar las características clínicas y demográficas asociadas con la readmisión temprana comparada con las asociadas a readmisiones tardías y las personas que tienen solo una hospitalización. Método: Se revisó de forma retrospectiva los registros clínicos de los pacientes admitidos en un servicio de psiquiatría en Santiago de Chile, desde el 1 de julio de 2001 hasta el 30 de junio de 2010. Se comparan y analizan las características de las hospitalizaciones asociadas con readmisión temprana, readmisión tardía y aquellos con sólo una admisión. Resultados: La readmisión temprana fue precedida por hospitalizaciones más cortas en comparación con los pacientes que tenían una readmisión tardía. No hubo diferencias de género y edad, pero cuando se comparan los diagnósticos entre el grupo sin readmisión v/s el grupo con reingresos, encontramos que los trastorno psicóticos y el trastorno bipolar tienen una mayor representación en el grupo de la readmisión tardía, y el trastorno bipolar en el caso de reingreso precoz. Conclusiones: La readmisión temprana estaría relacionada principalmente con las características particulares de la enfermedad en cada individuo y se agrupan en los trastornos que por su naturaleza tienden a ser más crónicos y recurrentes.