<p>Among the analytical separation techniques, capillary electrophoresis (CE) has attracted attention in both academic and industrial fields, mainly owing to its efficiency, short analysis times, low reagent consumption and residue generation. This is also the case in Chemistry courses, books and papers, demonstrating CE´s well-established status. However, despite the range of available bibliographic material, there is a lack of animations showing the CE dynamic process. Therefore, the aim of this work was to show the development of a group of animations available for public access, where electrolyte and analytes movements under different CE modes; electropherogram formation; and online ultraviolet-visible spectra can be viewed. The normal or reverse electroosmotic flow generation in the vicinity of the silica capillary wall and the partition motion of neutral compounds between micellar and aqueous phases are also shown. Capillary zone electrophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, capillary electrochromatography, capillary isoelectric focusing, capillary isotachophoresis and capillary gel electrophoresis, are included in this package. This animation approach can be highly didactic and can complement the theoretical study of CE techniques, which may aid researchers, teachers and students interested in understanding the dynamism and potential of different CE modes.</p>

The filling of capillaries via the sol-gel process is growing. Therefore, this technical note focuses on disseminating knowledge acquired in the Group of Analytical Chemistry and Chemometrics over seven years working with monolithic stationary phase preparation in fused silica capillaries. We believe that the detailed information presented in this technical note concerning the construction of an alternative high pressurization device, used to fill capillary columns via the sol-gel process, which has promising potential for applications involving capillary electrochromatography and liquid chromatography in nano scale, may be enlightening and motivating for groups interested in developing research activities within this theme.

The assembly of a photochemical reactor with six fluorescent lamps, used for photopolymerizations is described. This chamber presents a mobile support, allowing the placement of samples at different heights and a safety lock that interrupts the radiation, if it is opened during operation. The mirrored internal walls avoid the dispersion and non-uniform distribution of light. There is no high heating because the own character of the used lamps. All parts could be purchased in commerce with less than U$ 150,00. This reactor was successfully used for monolithic stationary phase photopolymerization.