RESUMEN Este artículo parte de dos iniciativas pedagógicas de “formación Paideia” con el propósito de analizar sus contribuciones en la producción de relaciones democráticas y en la coproducción del cuidado en atención primaria de la salud. La primera iniciativa realizó una capacitación en apoyo matricial (2015-2016) que reunió a 94 especialistas y, la segunda, una capacitación en salud familiar (2018-2020), que reunió a 149 profesionales. Los 243 profesionales de la salud participantes provenían de cinco municipios brasileños. Los resultados obtenidos a través de cuestionarios y diarios de campo elaborados durante los cursos señalan que la formación Paideia motiva a los profesionales a incorporar una clínica ampliada y el apoyo matricial en atención primaria de la salud, y propicia compartir el cuidado y la co-construcción de la autonomía junto a los usuarios. Sin embargo, aún son frecuentes las prácticas autoritarias de la gestión hacia las y los profesionales, entre profesionales, y desde las y los profesionales hacia las personas usuarias, de modo que es necesario invertir, más allá de la formación, en una mayor democratización de los servicios.

ABSTRACT This article looks at two pedagogical initiatives based on “Paideia Education” in order to analyze their contributions to the production of democratic relations and the co-production of care in primary health care. The first of these initiatives was a seminar on matrix support (2015-2016) that trained 94 specialists, and the second was a seminar on family care (2018-2020) that trained 149 professionals. The 243 participating health professionals came from five different municipalities in Brazil. The results obtained through questionnaires and field diaries kept during the seminars indicate that “Paideia Education” has the ability to motivate professionals to incorporate notions such as the expanded clinic and matrix support into primary health care, and fosters the sharing of care and the co-construction of autonomy with users. However, authoritarian management practices are still frequently directed towards professionals, practiced among professionals themselves, and directed towards patients, and therefore it is necessary to invest in a greater democratization of services beyond training.

ABSTRACT This article looks at two pedagogical initiatives based on “Paideia Education” in order to analyze their contributions to the production of democratic relations and the co-production of care in primary health care. The first of these initiatives was a seminar on matrix support (2015-2016) that trained 94 specialists, and the second was a seminar on family care (2018-2020) that trained 149 professionals. The 243 participating health professionals came from five different municipalities in Brazil. The results obtained through questionnaires and field diaries kept during the seminars indicate that “Paideia Education” has the ability to motivate professionals to incorporate notions such as the expanded clinic and matrix support into primary health care, and fosters the sharing of care and the co-construction of autonomy with users. However, authoritarian management practices are still frequently directed towards professionals, practiced among professionals themselves, and directed towards patients, and therefore it is necessary to invest in a greater democratization of services beyond training.

RESUMEN Este artículo parte de dos iniciativas pedagógicas de “formación Paideia” con el propósito de analizar sus contribuciones en la producción de relaciones democráticas y en la coproducción del cuidado en atención primaria de la salud. La primera iniciativa realizó una capacitación en apoyo matricial (2015-2016) que reunió a 94 especialistas y, la segunda, una capacitación en salud familiar (2018-2020), que reunió a 149 profesionales. Los 243 profesionales de la salud participantes provenían de cinco municipios brasileños. Los resultados obtenidos a través de cuestionarios y diarios de campo elaborados durante los cursos señalan que la formación Paideia motiva a los profesionales a incorporar una clínica ampliada y el apoyo matricial en atención primaria de la salud, y propicia compartir el cuidado y la co-construcción de la autonomía junto a los usuarios. Sin embargo, aún son frecuentes las prácticas autoritarias de la gestión hacia las y los profesionales, entre profesionales, y desde las y los profesionales hacia las personas usuarias, de modo que es necesario invertir, más allá de la formación, en una mayor democratización de los servicios.

Resumo Esperávamos que o Programa Mais Médicos (PMM) tivesse provocado mudanças e reflexões diversas em cada município onde foi inserido. A fim de observar tais mudanças, buscamos analisar a experiência dos médicos cubanos de trabalho no PMM numa perspectiva centrada em atores, orientados pelo Método Paideia – metodologia que busca aumentar a capacidade dos sujeitos de analisar e intervir sobre a práxis. Lançamos mão de entrevistas semiestruturadas para perscrutar nosso objeto de pesquisa, que se constitui na experiência desses atores sociais inseridos profissionalmente no PMM numa metrópole com características singulares. Trabalhamos o material empírico instruídos pela Análise de Conteúdo e procedemos a Análise Temática. A partir do discurso dos sujeitos podemos dizer que as potencialidades do programa ultrapassaram barreiras iniciais, apresentando-se como uma ferramenta de tensão para a superação do modelo biomédico, em consonância com o método Paideia.

Abstract We had hoped that the Mais Médicos Program (More Doctors Program) would have generated several changes and reflections in each municipality in which it was deployed. In order to observe those changes, we sought to analyze the experience of Cuban physicians in the Mais Médicos program from an actor-centered perspective, based on the Paideia Method – an approach that seeks to enhance the ability of the subjects to analyze and intervene in their practice. We performed semi-structured interviews to analyze our research object that consisted in the experience of those actors included professionally in the Mais Médicos program in a metropolis with unique characteristics. In order to assess the interviews, we applied Content Analysis followed by Thematic Analysis. From the discourse of the actors, of which illustrative excerpts are transcribed in this article, we can affirm that the program's potential surpassed any initial barriers, presenting itself as fine-tuning instrument for replacing the biomedical model in line with the Paideia Method.

Resumo Esperávamos que o Programa Mais Médicos (PMM) tivesse provocado mudanças e reflexões diversas em cada município onde foi inserido. A fim de observar tais mudanças, buscamos analisar a experiência dos médicos cubanos de trabalho no PMM numa perspectiva centrada em atores, orientados pelo Método Paideia – metodologia que busca aumentar a capacidade dos sujeitos de analisar e intervir sobre a práxis. Lançamos mão de entrevistas semiestruturadas para perscrutar nosso objeto de pesquisa, que se constitui na experiência desses atores sociais inseridos profissionalmente no PMM numa metrópole com características singulares. Trabalhamos o material empírico instruídos pela Análise de Conteúdo e procedemos a Análise Temática. A partir do discurso dos sujeitos podemos dizer que as potencialidades do programa ultrapassaram barreiras iniciais, apresentando-se como uma ferramenta de tensão para a superação do modelo biomédico, em consonância com o método Paideia.

Abstract We had hoped that the Mais Médicos Program (More Doctors Program) would have generated several changes and reflections in each municipality in which it was deployed. In order to observe those changes, we sought to analyze the experience of Cuban physicians in the Mais Médicos program from an actor-centered perspective, based on the Paideia Method – an approach that seeks to enhance the ability of the subjects to analyze and intervene in their practice. We performed semi-structured interviews to analyze our research object that consisted in the experience of those actors included professionally in the Mais Médicos program in a metropolis with unique characteristics. In order to assess the interviews, we applied Content Analysis followed by Thematic Analysis. From the discourse of the actors, of which illustrative excerpts are transcribed in this article, we can affirm that the program's potential surpassed any initial barriers, presenting itself as fine-tuning instrument for replacing the biomedical model in line with the Paideia Method.

O coletivo de Estudos e Apoio Paideia propôs o seminário “Direito à Saúde: o SUS está em risco?” para ampliar o debate com os atores sociais sobre os impasses atuais do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e os caminhos possíveis para a concretização do direito à saúde. Os participantes apresentaram propostas concretas que nos guiam para uma maior participação política e aprofundamento da democracia no SUS.

The Paideia Collective of Research Support proposed the seminar “Right to Health Care: Is the SUS at risk?” to broaden the debate with social actors over the current challenges faced by the Brazilian National Health System (SUS in Portuguese), and to discuss possible ways to concretize the right to health care. The audience presented specific proposals that guide us to increase political participation and deepen democracy in the SUS.

El Colectivo de Estudios y Apoyo Paideia ha propuesto el seminario: “Derecho a la Salud: ¿el SUS está en riesgo?” para ampliar el debate con los actores sociales sobre los impases actuales del Sistema Brasileño de Salud (SUS) y los posibles caminos para lograr el derecho a la salud. Los participantes presentaran propuestas en concreto que nos llevan a la mayor participación política y la ampliación de la democracia en el SUS.

O coletivo de Estudos e Apoio Paideia propôs o seminário “Direito à Saúde: o SUS está em risco?” para ampliar o debate com os atores sociais sobre os impasses atuais do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e os caminhos possíveis para a concretização do direito à saúde. Os participantes apresentaram propostas concretas que nos guiam para uma maior participação política e aprofundamento da democracia no SUS.

The Paideia Collective of Research Support proposed the seminar “Right to Health Care: Is the SUS at risk?” to broaden the debate with social actors over the current challenges faced by the Brazilian National Health System (SUS in Portuguese), and to discuss possible ways to concretize the right to health care. The audience presented specific proposals that guide us to increase political participation and deepen democracy in the SUS.

El Colectivo de Estudios y Apoyo Paideia ha propuesto el seminario: “Derecho a la Salud: ¿el SUS está en riesgo?” para ampliar el debate con los actores sociales sobre los impases actuales del Sistema Brasileño de Salud (SUS) y los posibles caminos para lograr el derecho a la salud. Los participantes presentaran propuestas en concreto que nos llevan a la mayor participación política y la ampliación de la democracia en el SUS.