Resumo Estudos que envolvem alterações morfológicas e anatômicas decorrentes do armazenamento de sementes são escassos, porém relevantes para garantir informações relacionadas á qualidade de sementes e plântulas. O objetivo desse trabalho foi realizar a caracterização anatômica e histoquímica de sementes da orquídea Cattleya intermedia, verificando a ocorrência de possíveis alterações decorrentes de diferentes temperaturas e períodos de armazenamento. Os tratamentos consistiram das temperaturas de: 25 (± 2 °C) (ambiente), -20°C (freezer), -80 °C (ultra freezer) e -196 °C (criopreservação) e períodos de armazenamento: dois, quatro e seis meses. Para as análises anatômicas e histoquímicas foram empregadas a microscopia eletrônica de varredura e a microscopia de luz com colorações de azul de toluidina (ATO), azul brilhante de Coomassie (CBB), Sudan IV e ácido periódico de Schiff (PAS). A desidratação observada nas sementes foi considerada o principal dano decorrente do armazenamento. Também foram observadas alterações nas estruturas internas das sementes, como a degeneração dos principais componentes de reserva, principalmente em sementes mantidas na temperatura ambiente de 25 (± 2 °C). A temperatura de -80 °C (ultra freezer) durante os períodos de dois e quatro meses foi eficiente na conservação dos tecidos e células, confirmando a possibilidade do uso desta condição para a melhor conservação de sementes desta espécie.

Abstract Studies involving morphological and anatomical changes resulting from seed storage are rare, but relevant to ensure information related to the quality of seeds and seedlings originated from these seeds. The objectives of this work as to carry out the anatomical and histochemical characterization of seeds from the Cattleya intermedia orchid, verifying the occurrence of possible alterations coming from different temperatures and storage periods. The treatments consisted of temperatures of: 25 (± 2 °C) (room), -20 °C (freezer), -80 °C (ultra freezer) and - 196 °C (cryopreservation); and storage periods: two, four and six months. For the anatomical and histochemical analyses, scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy were performed. The following stains were employed: toluidine blue (TBO), Coomassie brilliant blue (CBB), Sudan IV and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS). The dehydration observed in the seeds was considered the main damage resulting from storage. Changes in the internal structures of the seeds were also noted, such as degeneration, mainly in seeds kept at room temperature 25 (± 2 °C), which caused a reduction in the main components of reserves. The -80 °C (ultra freezer) temperature during the two and four months period was efficient in the conservation seed of the tissues and cells, confirming the possibility of using this condition for better conservation of the seeds of this species.

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the post-harvest quality and the final storage time of the hydroponic crisp lettuce ‘Brida’, conditioned in different types of plastic packaging and environments. The statistical design was a completely randomized 3x2 factorial design, with 3 types of packages (control (without plastic packaging), perforated plastic packaging and closed plastic packaging) and 2 types of environments refrigerated (± 5 °C) and non-refrigerated (± 23 °C). Fresh leaf weight loss, relative SPAD content, total soluble solids content (TSS), pH, total titratable acidity (TTA), chlorophyll a and b, carotenoids and final storage time were measured. There was a decrease in the parameters of fresh mass, acidity, total soluble solids, and relative content of SPAD chlorophyll in refrigerated lettuce compared to uncooled. The use of packages also influenced post-harvest quality and closed packs resulted in lower values. It is concluded that the post-harvest quality of lettuce is better when they are refrigerated and packed in sealed packages.

O gênero Hymenaea pertence à família Leguminosae, subfamília Caesalpinoideae, com nome popular de jatobá. No gênero Hymenaea, foram descritas aproximadamente 25 espécies. Já no Brasil, verifica-se a presença de 13 espécies, com destaque para a Hymenaea martiana Hayne e a Hymenaea courbaril Linneaus. Na literatura, há vários trabalhos que tratam principalmente da quebra de dormência das sementes e da produção de mudas, sobretudo da espécie Hymenaea courbaril Linneaus, porém essas avaliações por matriz ainda são incipientes. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar e comparar a germinação e o crescimento inicial de mudas entre as espécies e as matrizes de Hymenaea martiana Hayne e Hymenaea courbaril Linneaus. Foram desenvolvidos dois experimentos: o primeiro avaliou a germinação, e o segundo, o crescimento inicial de mudas. As duas espécies avaliadas apresentaram comportamentos distintos entre a germinação e o crescimento inicial das mudas, sendo a Hymenaea courbaril Linneaus a espécie com maior média para ambas variáveis, porém não apresentou variabilidade fenotípica entre matrizes.

The Hymenaea genus belongs to the family Leguminosae, subfamily Caesalpinoideae with the common name jatobá. Approximately 25 species have been described in the genus Hymenaea and 13 of them are present in Brazil. Among them we can highlight the species Hymenaea martiana Hayne and Hymenaea courbaril Linneaus. In literature, there are several studies dealing mainly the dormancy breakage and the seedling production, mainly with Hymenaea coubaril Linneaus, but these reviews per matrices are incipient. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the germination and seedling growth between species and between matrices of the Hymenaea martiana Hayne and Hymenaea courbaril Linneaus. Two experiments were conducted: the first evaluated the germination and the second the seedlings growth. The two species studied showed different behavior between germination and the seedling growth, with Hymenaea courbaril Linneaus showing the greatest average for both variables. However, this did not show phenotypic variability between matrices.