ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the prevalence of actinic cheilitis in rural workers and factors associated with the development of this condition. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in a city in Northeastern Brazil. Data were collected by clinical examination and use of a questionnaire validated with 300 rural workers. The χ2 test was employed to identify possible associations between the presence of actinic cheilitis and clinical and demographic variables. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed using forward stepwise selection. A p value of 0.05 was considered significant. Results The prevalence of actinic cheilitis was 12.0% in the sample. The highest prevalence of actinic cheilitis was observed in white males, with low educational level, and an approximately 40-year history of sun exposure. Chronic lesions were commonly found in the lower lip and were characterized by scaling, dryness, and mild edema. Skin color, sex, educational level of patients, and cumulative sun exposure (in years), were identified as predictors of development of actinic cheilitis. Conclusion Our results suggest the need to implement educational health strategies aimed to orient the population about risk factors and preventive measures of the disease. Appropriate clinical management of patients with actinic cheilitis is important for prevention of lip cancer.

Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo fomentar a discussão sobre a realização de pesquisas acadêmicas em ambientes on-line e, especialmente, em locais que soam como inadequados para a construção de um saber científico. Tendo como suporte metodológico a Netnografia e a descrição de um percurso metodológico que utilizou exclusivamente o Facebook como lócus de produção de dados, o que se conclui é que a possibilidade de invenção metodológica é, inegavelmente, um dos legados da internet para as pesquisas científicas - processo criativo que não pode excluir o rigor, a condução ética e a fidedignidade, características tão caras e imprescindíveis ao método de construção do conhecimento científico, mas que ainda impõem muitos desafios que precisam ser superados.

Abstract This article discusses the conduct of academic research in online environments, especially in places that apparently sound inadequate for the construction of scientific knowledge. Based on Netnography and on the description of a methodological trajectory that exclusively used Facebook as a locus of data production, we conclude that the possibility of methodological invention is undeniably one of the legacies of the internet for scientific research. It is a creative process that cannot exclude rigor, ethical conduct and reliability, characteristics that are so expensive and indispensable to the method of building scientific knowledge, but which still imposes many challenges that need to be overcome.

Resumen Este artículo tuvo como objetivo fomentar el debate sobre la realización de investigaciones académicas en línea, especialmente en lugares donde aparentemente suenan inadecuados para la construcción del conocimiento científico. Se utilizó como marco metodológico la Netnografía y se hizo la descripción de un camino metodológico que utilizó exclusivamente Facebook como lugar de producción de datos; se concluye que la posibilidad de la invención metodológica es sin duda uno de los legados de Internet para la investigación científica, proceso creativo que no puede excluir el rigor, la conducta ética y la fiabilidad, características que son tan costosas e indispensables para el método de construcción del conocimiento científico, pero que aún imponen muchos desafíos que deben ser superados.

Résumé Cet article vise à promouvoir la discussion sur la recherche académique dans les environnements numérique et en particulier dans les endroits qui semblent inadéquats à la construction de la connaissance scientifique. Ayant comme support méthodologique la Netnographie et la description d’un parcours méthodologique qui utilisait exclusivement le Facebook comme lieu de production de données, on conclut que la possibilité d’invention méthodologique est indéniablement l’un des héritages de l’Internet pour la recherche scientifique. Un processus créatif qui ne peut exclure la rigueur, la conduite éthique et la fiabilité, caractéristiques si important et indispensables à la méthode de construction de la connaissance scientifique, mais qui impose encore de nombreux défis à relever.

Resumo Nas últimas décadas, observou-se o aumento expressivo do tratamento endovascular para a doença oclusiva aortoilíaca. Muitos benefícios foram demonstrados, principalmente nas lesões arteriais não complexas do eixo ilíaco; porém, ainda existe dificuldade na obtenção de resultados adequados a médio e longo prazo quando falamos de doenças oclusivas extensas. As derivações arteriais para artérias vicariantes alternativas do complexo femoro-genicular para salvamento de membro são bem conhecidas na literatura em casos desfavoráveis para cirurgias convencionais ou endovasculares. Descrevemos o caso de um paciente portador de doença oclusiva aortoilíaca extensa tratado com derivação arterial no território ilíaco-femoral, utilizando substituto autógeno alternativo e a artéria descendente femoral lateral como artéria receptora. Derivações e substitutos alternativos, utilizados normalmente em casos de exceção, podem e devem fazer parte do arsenal terapêutico vascular, podendo contribuir nos casos em que a cirurgia endovascular ainda não nos permite alcançar bons resultados.

Abstract Over recent decades, there has been a considerable increase in use of endovascular methods to treat aortoiliac occlusive disease. It has been demonstrated that this approach offers many benefits, primarily for non-complex arterial lesions of the iliac axis, but difficulties persist with achieving adequate results over the medium and long term when treating extensive occlusive disease. Arterial bypasses to alternative vicarious arteries of the femoral-genicular complex for limb salvage are well known in the literature describing cases that are not favorable for conventional or endovascular surgery. We describe the case of a patient with extensive aortoiliac occlusive disease treated with an arterial bypass in the iliofemoral territory, using an alternative autologous substitute and the descending lateral femoral artery as recipient artery. Alternative bypasses and substitutes that are normally reserved for exceptional cases can and should be part of the vascular therapeutic arsenal and have a contribution to make in cases in which endovascular surgery does not yet enable us to achieve good results.

Iodine value is an important quality parameter for evaluation of the oxidative stability of biodiesel and vegetable oils, but the official methods are time-consuming and demand large amounts of reagents and solvents. The present work describes a novel procedure for determination of iodine value based on the discoloration of a triiodide aqueous solution due to halogenation of the unsaturated compounds in the samples. Iodine is extracted to the organic phase and consumed proportionally to the amount of unsaturated compounds in the samples. Thus, the remaining fraction of I3- quantified by spectrophotometry in the aqueous phase is inversely proportional to the concentration of unsaturated compounds. For biodiesel samples, responses were linear from 10 to 106 g I2 per 100 g, with coefficient of variation and limit of detection estimated at 5.0% (n = 8) and 2.5 g I2 per 100 g, respectively. The corresponding values for vegetable oils were 20 to 140 g I2 per 100 g, 3.0% (n = 10), and 7 g I2 per 100 g, respectively. The procedure consumed only 1.2 mL of sample, 365 µg of I2, and 42 mg of KI with ca. 2.4 mL of waste generated per determination. The results agreed with those obtained by the official methods at the 95% confidence level.

FUNDAMENTOS: Úlcera de perna (UP) caracteriza-se por perda do tegumento nas extremidades dos membros inferiores causada geralmente por disfunção vascular. OBJETIVOS: Caracterizar clínica e epidemiologicamente a amostra populacional com UP atendida nos centros de saúde de Juiz de Fora. PACIENTES E MÉTODOS: Submetidos ao protocolo clínico 124 pacientes com UP, de Juiz de Fora e região de janeiro/1999 a agosto/2001. RESULTADOS: A média de idade foi 64 anos, 65,3% do sexo feminino, média de 3,7 indivíduos/família e renda inferior a R$540,00 (86,8%). Associavam-se às úlceras insuficiência venosa (90,3%), hipertensão arterial sistêmica (54%), obesidade (20,2%) e diabetes mellitus (16,1%). A associação insuficiência venosa e hipertensão arterial foi freqüente (43,7%) e significante (p<0.01) para predisposição às úlceras. Foram classificadas como venosas (79%), hipertensivas (15,4%), mistas e outras(5,6%). Acometiam terço distal das pernas (90%), de tamanho grande (5cm) em cerca de 90% da amostra, com médias de 8,7cm e 9,6cm para os eixos vertical e horizontal, respectivamente. Estavam acompanhadas de hipercromia (92,7%), lipodermatoesclerose (68,5%) e varicosidades (66,9%), com duração média de 94,2 meses, e 50% das úlceras eram recidivantes. CONCLUSÕES: Os dados sugerem que a úlcera de perna seja doença crônica significativa na população idosa e de baixa renda de Juiz de Fora e região.

BACKGROUND: Leg ulcers are characterized as tissue loss in the lower extremities, generally caused by vascular dysfunction. OBJECTIVES: Verify the clinical and epidemiological profiles of the population sample with leg ulcers treated at the health centers of Juiz de Fora (Brazil). MATERIAL AND METHODS: 124 leg-wound patients were evaluated between January 1999 and August 2001 and submitted to a clinical protocol. RESULTS: The mean age was 64 years, with females in the majority (65.3%). The mean family composition was 3.7 persons, and family income was around US$200.00 (86.8%). Venous insufficiency (90.3%), systemic arterial hypertension (54%), obesity (20.2%) and diabetes mellitus (16.1%) were the most frequent events associated with the ulcers. An association of venous insufficiency and arterial hypertension was frequent in 43.7% of the sample, and significant (p<0.01) to predisposition to the ulcers. These were classified as venous (79%), hypertensive (15.4%), mixed and other (5.6%). The ulcers were generally localized in the distal third of legs (90%) and considered large (5 cm) in about 90% of the sample, with means of 8.7 cm and 9.6 cm to vertical and horizontal axes, respectively. The ulcers were accompanied mainly by hyperpigmentation (92.7%), lipodermatosclerosis (68.5%) and varicose veins (66.9%), with a mean duration of 94.2 months and 50% of them recurrent. CONCLUSIONS: The data suggested that leg ulcer is an important chronic disease in the elderly and poor population of Juiz de Fora and region.