RESUMO A ectopia ureteral é uma enfermidade congênita que se caracteriza quando um ou ambos os ureteres apresentam-se inseridos fora do seu local anatômico, com a inserção ocorrendo no útero, no colo da bexiga, na uretra ou na vagina, devido a uma diferenciação anormal dos ductos mesonéfricos e metanéfricos. Nos machos, a inserção pode ocorrer também nos ductos deferentes e na próstata. A incontinência urinária é o sinal clínico mais comumente associado ao ureter ectópico. O presente relato descreve um caso de ureter ectópico extramural unilateral, em um cão da raça Labrador Retriever de sete anos de idade, corrigido cirurgicamente, e mostra a importância dos exames radiográfico contrastado e ultrassonografia.

ABSTRACT Ureteral ectopia is a congenital disease that is characterized when one or both ureters are shown inserted outside their anatomic site, with the possible insertion in the uterus, bladder neck, the urethra or vagina due to abnormal differentiation of ducts mesonephrics and metanephrics. In males the insertion can also occur in the vas deferens and prostate. Urinary incontinence is the most common clinical sign associated with ectopic ureter. This report describes a case of unilateral extramural ectopic ureter in a dog of the Labrador Retriever breed at seven years old surgically corrected, and shows the importance of contrast radiographic examination and ultrasound.

Although it is well known that physical training ameliorates brain oxidative function after injuries by enhancing the levels of neurotrophic factors and oxidative status, there is little evidence addressing the influence of exercise training itself on brain oxidative damage and data is conflicting. This study investigated the effect of well-established swimming training protocol on lipid peroxidation and components of antioxidant system in the rat brain. Male Wistar rats were randomized into trained (5 days/week, 8 weeks, 30 min; n=8) and non-trained (n=7) groups. Forty-eight hours after the last session of exercise, animals were euthanized and the brain was collected for oxidative stress analysis. Swimming training decreased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels (P<0.05) and increased the activity of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) (P<0.05) with no effect on brain non-enzymatic total antioxidant capacity, estimated by FRAP (ferric-reducing antioxidant power) assay (P>0.05). Moreover, the swimming training promoted metabolic adaptations, such as increased maximal workload capacity (P<0.05) and maintenance of body weight. In this context, the reduced TBARS content and increased SOD antioxidant activity induced by 8 weeks of swimming training are key factors in promoting brain resistance. In conclusion, swimming training attenuated oxidative damage and increased enzymatic antioxidant but not non-enzymatic status in the rat brain.

Pouco se conhece sobre os efeitos de herbicidas em fungos patogênicos habitantes do solo que infectam os feijoeiros. Foi avaliado o efeito de herbicidas no crescimento micelial de Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli, F. oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli, Macrophomina phaseolina, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotium rolfsii e Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Esses fungos causam as doenças de solo mais danosas do feijão. Avaliou-se, em placas de Petri, o crescimento radial desses fungos em meio batata-dextrose-ágar com cinco concentrações (0, 1, 10, 100 e 1.000 mg L-1) dos herbicidas imazamox, fomesafen, fluazifop-p-butyl, bentazon, glyphosate e S-metolachlor. O crescimento micelial de todos os fungos decresceu acentuadamente apenas com o S-metolachlor na concentração de 1.000 mg L-1. Por isso, o efeito desse herbicida também foi testado em duas concentrações (1.000 ou 12.000 mg L-1) na germinação de escleródios de S. rolfsi e S. sclerotiorum (miceliogênica) ou de S. sclerotiorum (carpogênica). Não houve efeito significativo de S-metolachlor na germinação miceliogênica de escleródios desses dois fungos. Entretanto, o S-metolachlor retardou a germinação carpogênica de escleródios de S. sclerotiorum. Os resultados sugerem que o herbicida S-metolachlor tem potencial de uso no manejo de doenças do feijão causadas por fungos de solo.

Little is known about the effects of herbicides on soil-borne pathogens of the common bean. The effects of herbicides on the mycelial growth of Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli, F. oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli, Macrophomina phaseolina, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotium rolfsii and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were evaluated. These soil-borne fungi cause the most devastating diseases on the common bean. Radial mycelial growth of these fungi was evaluated on potato dextrose agar medium in Petri dishes at five concentrations (0, 1, 10, 100, 1,000 mg L-1) of the herbicides imazamox, fomesafen, fluazifop-p-butyl, bentazon, glyphosate, and S-metolachlor. Mycelial growth of all fungi decreased sharply only with S-metolachlor at 1,000 mg L-1. Thus, the effect of S-metolachlor, at two concentrations (1,000 or 12,000 mg L-1), was evaluated on germination of sclerotia of S. rolfsi and S. sclerotiorum (myceliogenic) or S. sclerotiorum (carpogenic). S-metolachlor did not affect significantly the myceliogenic germination of sclerotia of these two fungi. However, S-metolachlor delayed carpogenic germination of sclerotia of S. sclerotiorum. Our results suggest that the herbicide S-metolachlor has potential to be used for integrated management of common bean diseases caused by soil-borne fungi.