SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Diabetes mellitus, per se, is a global health concern, which is often accompanied by complications such as diabetic neuropathy. This prospective observational study purposed to assess the durations of spinal sensory block and motor blocks in individuals with and without diabetes mellitus who had undergone spinal anesthesia. METHODS: This study incorporated 80 cases, which were evenly divided into spinal sensory block without diabetes mellitus and spinal sensory block with diabetes mellitus. Various parameters were recorded at different time points, including heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure, SpO2, and spinal block characteristics. Notable measures included maximum spinal sensory block onset time, time to reach the 10th thoracic vertebra (T10), maximal spinal sensory block, time for Bromage scores, and block regression while controlling for age-related variations. RESULTS: Patients in the diabetic group exhibited extended block durations, with significant differences in heart rate noted at specific time points. Regarding the spinal block characteristics, the “maximum onset of SSB” and the “time to reach the T10” were more prolonged in the SSBwDM without significance. Maximum sensory spinal sensory block did not differ. However, some cases in the SSBwDM displayed blocks extending up to the T6. The times to achieve Bromage motor block scores 1–3 were shorter in SSBwDM and lost significance regarding age. Notably, the regression time was longer in SSBwDM, which held significance for both parameters. CONCLUSION: Diabetic cases commonly encounter prolonged block durations post-subarachnoid intervention, potentially linked to nerve sensitivity, age-related changes, and glycemic control. As such, attenuated local doses for diabetic neuropathic cases may enhance early mobilization, attenuate thromboembolic events, and expedite gastrointestinal recovery. OBJECTIVE se concern neuropathy anesthesia METHODS 8 points pressure SpO2 SpO characteristics th T10, T10 T , (T10) agerelated age related variations RESULTS SSB differ However T6 13 1 3 1– Notably CONCLUSION postsubarachnoid post subarachnoid intervention sensitivity changes control mobilization events recovery T1 (T10 (T1 (T

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Colonic diverticulosis might be caused by low-fiber dietary habits, gastrointestinal motility disorders, and colonic wall resistance changes, which might also affect the upper gastrointestinal system mucosa. Therefore, the present study aims to answer whether the gastric histopathological findings of the cases with diverge from those without. METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 184 cases who underwent both upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy procedures between January 2020 and December 2022. Notably, 84 cases were colonic diverticulosis, while the rest of the study group was control. Their demographic, laboratory, and histopathological findings were compared meticulously. RESULTS: The median ages for the colonic diverticulosis and control were 67.07±8.14 and 66.29±15.83 years, respectively, and no statistical difference concerning the age and gender distribution between them was recognized. The median levels of white blood cells, neutrophils, glucose, creatinine, and aspartate aminotransferase in colonic diverticulosis were significantly increased compared to control. As for pathological comparison, colonic diverticulosis had a higher prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (45.2 vs. 38%), while atrophy and intestinal metaplasia prevalence were nearly the same in the groups, without significance regarding Helicobacter pylori. CONCLUSION: Consequently, colonic diverticulosis should not be overlooked, particularly when the abovementioned laboratory parameters are augmented in a dyspeptic patient. A correlation might be raised between Helicobacter pylori and colonic diverticulosis. Eradication therapy might help attenuate the risk of colonic diverticulosis when Helicobacter pylori has emerged in a patient. OBJECTIVE lowfiber low fiber habits disorders changes mucosa Therefore METHODS crosssectional cross sectional 18 202 2022 Notably 8 demographic meticulously RESULTS 6707814 67 07 14 67.07±8.1 66291583 66 29 15 83 66.29±15.8 years respectively recognized cells neutrophils glucose creatinine comparison 45.2 452 45 2 (45. vs 38%, 38 38% , 38%) groups CONCLUSION Consequently overlooked patient 1 20 670781 6 0 67.07±8. 6629158 66.29±15. 45. 4 (45 3 67078 67.07±8 662915 66.29±15 (4 6707 67.07± 66291 66.29±1 ( 670 67.07 6629 66.29± 67.0 662 66.29 67. 66.2 66.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Stroke is a chronic health problem that affects all areas of life. The presence of thyroid autoantibodies can augment the severity of stroke. The aim of this work is to investigate whether there is a relationship between the site of stroke involvement and the anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (anti-TPO) or not. This is the first study in the English-language literature. METHODS: A total of 39 patients with a diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke were included, and the cases under 18 years of age with an infection and the ones with autoimmune diseases other than Hashimoto's thyroiditis were excluded from the study design. The patients’ age, gender, smoking status, comorbid conditions, and stroke localization in brain imaging were recorded. The region involving the anterior circulation area originating from the internal carotid artery was evaluated as anterior, and the region possessing the vertebrobasilar circulation area from the vertebral arteries was considered posterior involvement. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), C-reactive protein (CRP), sedimentation, and anti-TPO were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: As a consequence, gender distribution, smoking, comorbid conditions, TSH, T3, T4, triglyceride, HDL, LDL, CRP, and sedimentation did not differ significantly, while the age of the posterior-located stroke was lower than that of the cases with the anterior. The anti-TPO value was significantly lower in posterior-located strokes than in the anterior system. CONCLUSION: In summary, the anti-TPO value was recognized as higher in the anterior stroke localization. Thyroiditis and accompanying anti-TPO autoantibody positivity are conditions that should not be ignored by thyroidologists and thyroid-health providers. OBJECTIVE life antithyroid anti antiTPO TPO (anti-TPO Englishlanguage English language literature METHODS 3 included 1 Hashimotos Hashimoto s design status recorded Thyroidstimulating Thyroid stimulating TSH , (TSH) T3 T (T3) T4 (T4) triglyceride highdensity high density HDL (HDL) lowdensity low LDL (LDL) Creactive C reactive CRP (CRP) analyzed RESULTS consequence distribution posteriorlocated located system CONCLUSION summary thyroidhealth providers (TSH (T3 (T4 (HDL (LDL (CRP (T

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: There is an increase in the prevalence of pre-gestational diabetes in the past decades, mainly due to the increase in the prevalence of obesity in the general population and consequently type 2 diabetes among women of reproductive age. METHODS: This study purposed to describe the delivery characteristics, pregnancy complications, and outcomes among women in Serbia with the pre-gestational type 2 diabetes in the past decade, as well as their pregnancy complications, deliveries, and neonatal outcomes. The study included data from all the pregnant women with pre-gestational type 2 diabetes in Belgrade, Serbia during the period between 2010 and 2020. The final sample consisted of 138 patients. RESULTS: More than half, i.e., 70 (50.7%) had a vaginal delivery, while 48 (34.8%) had elective and 20 (14.5%) had emergency caesarean sections. Throughout the period, there was 1 patient with preeclampsia (0.7%), 5 with pregnancy-induced hypertension (3.6%), 7 had newborns with small for gestational age (5.1%), 28 with macrosomia (20.3%), 12 (8.7%) had preterm births, and one-fifth, i.e., 28 (20.3%) of the newborns had Apgar score under 8. CONCLUSION: The present study revealed that women with type 2 diabetes in pregnancy have a significant burden of pregnancy complications, related to pregnancy, delivery, and newborns. OBJECTIVE pregestational pre decades METHODS characteristics complications decade deliveries Belgrade 201 2020 13 patients RESULTS half ie i e i.e. 50.7% 507 50 (50.7% 4 34.8% 348 34 8 (34.8% 14.5% 145 14 (14.5% sections 0.7%, 07 0.7% , 0 (0.7%) pregnancyinduced induced 3.6%, 36 3.6% 3 6 (3.6%) 5.1%, 51 5.1% (5.1%) 20.3%, 203 20.3% 8.7% 87 (8.7% births onefifth, onefifth one fifth, fifth one-fifth (20.3% CONCLUSION 202 i.e 50.7 (50.7 34.8 (34.8 14.5 (14.5 0.7 (0.7% 3.6 (3.6% 5.1 (5.1% 20.3 8.7 (8.7 (20.3 50. (50. 34. (34. 14. (14. 0. (0.7 3. (3.6 5. (5.1 20. (8. (20. (50 (34 (14 (0. (3. (5. (8 (20 (5 (3 (1 (0 ( (2

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Our study purposed to examine the complex relationship between low-molecular-weight heparin therapy, multiple pregnancy determinants, and adverse pregnancy outcomes during the third trimester in women with inherited thrombophilia. METHODS: Patients were selected from a prospective cohort of 358 pregnant patients recruited between 2016 and 2018 at the Clinic for Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade. RESULTS: Gestational age at delivery (β=-0.081, p=0.014), resistance index of the umbilical artery (β=0.601, p=0.039), and D-dimer (β=0.245, p<0.001) between 36th and 38th weeks of gestation presented the direct predictors for adverse pregnancy outcomes. The model fit was examined using the root mean square error of approximation 0.00 (95%CI 0.00–0.18), the goodness-of-fit index was 0.998, and the adjusted goodness-of-fit index was 0.966. CONCLUSION: There is a need for the introduction of more precise protocols for the assessment of hereditary thrombophilias and the need for the introduction of low-molecular-weight heparin. OBJECTIVE lowmolecularweight low molecular weight therapy determinants thrombophilia METHODS 35 201 Gynecology Serbia Belgrade RESULTS β=0.081, β0081 β β= 0.081, 0 081 (β=-0.081 p=0.014, p0014 p p=0.014 , 014 p=0.014) β=0.601, β0601 601 (β=0.601 p=0.039, p0039 p=0.039 039 p=0.039) Ddimer D dimer β=0.245, β0245 245 (β=0.245 p<0.001 p0001 001 th 000 00 0.0 95%CI 95CI CI 95 0.00–0.18, 000018 0.00–0.18 18 0.00–0.18) goodnessoffit goodness 0998 998 0.998 0966 966 0.966 CONCLUSION 3 20 β=0.081 β008 0081 0.081 08 (β=-0.08 p001 p=0.01 01 β=0.601 β060 60 (β=0.60 p003 p=0.03 03 β=0.245 β024 24 (β=0.24 p<0.00 p000 0. 9 00001 0.00–0.1 1 099 99 0.99 096 96 0.96 2 β=0.08 β00 008 0.08 (β=-0.0 p00 p=0.0 β=0.60 β06 6 (β=0.6 β=0.24 β02 (β=0.2 p<0.0 0000 0.00–0. 09 0.9 β=0.0 β0 (β=-0. p0 p=0. β=0.6 (β=0. β=0.2 p<0. 0.00–0 β=0. (β=-0 p=0 (β=0 p<0 0.00– β=0 (β=- p= (β= p< (β

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate our experience with the use of Magseed, the magnetic metallic marker, as a localization technique followed by Sentimag probe detection in patients with solitary intra-abdominal local metastases with subsequent resection of the lesions. METHODS: Five patients underwent resection after the lesion was marked with the Magseed magnetic marker. Prior to the surgery, a computed tomography scan of the chest and abdomen and/or positron emission tomography was performed to rule out the dissemination of the disease. The indication for surgery was evaluated in a meeting of a multidisciplinary team, and the placement of the magnetic marker under computed tomography control had been performed the day before the planned procedure. RESULTS: The present preliminary outcomes have revealed that Magseed might be a promising technique that is feasible and safe, particularly when the postsurgical anatomic conditions in the abdominal cavity are altered and the lesions are not visible or palpable. Surgical extirpation of lesions occurred without complications in each case. In all the cases, the resection was complete and curative, and one wound infection in all (20%), without any major complications, had occurred. The mean hospital stay was 6.6 days. CONCLUSION: Magseed utilization, as a localization technique, followed by Sentimag probe detection in intra-abdominal tumors has not been reported before. Improving the visualization and, consequently, the precise marking of the lesion with subsequent radical removal can prevent insufficient or excessive removal of healthy tissue, leading to a faster diagnosis and better overall clinical outcomes. OBJECTIVE intraabdominal intra METHODS andor disease team procedure RESULTS safe palpable case cases curative 20%, 20 20% , (20%) 66 6 6. days CONCLUSION utilization consequently tissue 2 (20% (20 (2 (

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Peptic ulcer perforation presents the most serious complication of ulcer disease with mortality that varies significantly depending on the age and conditions. The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic was effective worldwide in 2020 and continues to date. The aim of this study was to investigate the initial clinical parameters and short-term outcomes of patients with acute peptic ulcer perforation before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in the Department of Surgery, University Hospital Ostrava, Czech Republic. The patients undergoing surgical modality of a simple suture of peptic ulcer perforation with/without omentoplasty in the post-coronavirus disease 2019 (January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2021) and the pre-coronavirus disease 2019 (January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2019) had been incorporated in this study. RESULTS: This study included a total of 46 cases (26 in the pre-coronavirus disease 2019, 20 in the post-coronavirus disease 2019). The age, body mass index, Boey score, duration of symptoms, surgery time, and length of hospital stay were comparable in both study subgroups. During the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, patients were admitted with a statistically significantly lower degree of perioperative risk according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists classification (p=0.013). Notably, 30-day postoperative morbidity was significantly higher in pre-coronavirus disease 2019 (73.1 vs. 55.0%, p=0.038). The mortality rate in the laparoscopic group was 13.6%, in the laparotomy group 41.4%, and the mortality rate was higher in pre-coronavirus disease 2019 than in post-coronavirus disease 2019 (34.6 vs. 20.0%, p=0.166). CONCLUSION: In fact, the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic had not significantly influenced therapeutic management and short-term outcomes of patients undergoing acute surgical repair of peptic ulcer perforation. OBJECTIVE conditions 201 202 date shortterm short term METHODS Surgery Ostrava Republic withwithout without postcoronavirus post January 1 31 2021 precoronavirus pre RESULTS 4 26 (2 2 2019. . index score symptoms time subgroups p=0.013. p0013 p p=0.013 0 013 (p=0.013) Notably 30day day 30 73.1 731 73 (73. vs 550 55 55.0% p=0.038. p0038 p=0.038 038 p=0.038) 136 13 6 13.6% 414 41 41.4% 34.6 346 34 (34. 200 20.0% p=0.166. p0166 p=0.166 166 p=0.166) CONCLUSION fact 3 ( p001 p=0.01 01 (p=0.013 73. 7 (73 5 55.0 p003 p=0.03 03 13.6 41.4 34. (34 20.0 p016 p=0.16 16 p00 p=0.0 (p=0.01 (7 55. 13. 41. (3 20. p01 p=0.1 p0 p=0. (p=0.0 p=0 (p=0. p= (p=0 (p= (p

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: In patients who experience difficulties in oral feeding, alimentary intake can be supported by creating direct access into the stomach through a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy. The present study purposed to compare naïve and exchanged percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tubes in terms of Helicobacter pylori infection and other clinical characteristics. METHODS: A total of 96 cases who underwent naïve or exchanged percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy procedures with various indications were incorporated into the study. The patients’ demographic data, such as age and gender, etiology of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, anti-HBs status, Helicobacter pylori status, the presence of atrophy and intestinal metaplasia, biochemical parameters, and lipid profiles, had been analyzed. In addition, the anti-HCV and anti-HIV statuses had also been evaluated. RESULTS: The most common indication for percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy placement was dementia in 26 (27.08%) cases (p=0.033). The presence of Helicobacter pylori positivity was significantly lower in the exchange group compared to the naïve group (p=0.022). Total protein, albumin, and lymphocyte levels were significantly higher in the exchange group compared to the naïve group (both p=0.001), and the mean calcium, hemoglobin, and hematocrit levels were statistically significantly higher in the exchange group (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Preliminary outcomes of the present study revealed that enteral nutrition attenuates the incidence of Helicobacter pylori infection. Considering the acute-phase reactant, the significantly lower ferritin values in the exchange group suggest that there is no active inflammatory process in the patients and that immunity is sufficient. OBJECTIVE feeding characteristics METHODS 9 data gender antiHBs anti HBs status metaplasia parameters profiles analyzed addition antiHCV HCV antiHIV HIV evaluated RESULTS 2 27.08% 2708 27 08 (27.08% p=0.033. p0033 p p=0.033 . 0 033 (p=0.033) p=0.022. p0022 p=0.022 022 (p=0.022) protein albumin both p=0.001, p0001 p=0.001 , 001 p=0.001) calcium hemoglobin p<0.001. p<0.001 (p<0.001) CONCLUSION acutephase acute phase reactant sufficient 27.08 270 (27.08 p003 p=0.03 03 (p=0.033 p002 p=0.02 02 (p=0.022 p000 p=0.00 00 p<0.00 (p<0.001 27.0 (27.0 p00 p=0.0 (p=0.03 (p=0.02 p<0.0 (p<0.00 27. (27. p0 p=0. (p=0.0 p<0. (p<0.0 (27 p=0 (p=0. p<0 (p<0. (2 p= (p=0 p< (p<0 ( (p= (p< (p